CN114521536B - Integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing natural enemy insects of orius minutus and using method - Google Patents
Integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing natural enemy insects of orius minutus and using method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M3/00—Manual implements, other than sprayers or powder distributors, for catching or killing insects, e.g. butterfly nets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a collecting, feeding and releasing integrated device for natural enemy insects of orius minutus and a using method, belonging to the technical field of collecting, feeding and releasing of insects and comprising a collecting unit, a feeding unit and a releasing unit, wherein the collecting unit comprises a hollow collecting barrel; the feeding and releasing unit comprises a suspension part, a central column, a first chassis and a multi-layer isolation platform; store up worm unit, including storing up the worm bucket, the first end that stores up the worm bucket is the opening, and the second end is provided with the second chassis. The method overcomes the defects of slow efficiency and high insect population loss rate of a pan shooting method and a net sweeping method in the traditional collection method, and can ensure that the damage rate of the orius minutus is reduced under the condition of improving the efficiency; meanwhile, the device solves the problem of the traditional feeding device through a unique structure and design, and provides convenience for reasonable application of the orius minutus and pest control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect collection, feeding and release, and particularly relates to a device integrating collection, feeding and release of natural enemies of orius minutus and a using method.
Background
The orius minutus belongs to the family Hemiptera (Hemiptera) oridae (Anthocidae), and is of the genus orius (Euglena minuta) (see)Orius) OfThe number of the populations of the adult insects and the nymphs is large, and the adult insects and the nymphs can prey on eggs and hatched larvae of various pests, can adapt to different habitats and ecological systems, and are important predatory natural enemy insects in the fields. Under natural growth conditions, the small flower bugs can prey on the young nymphs and leafhoppers of cotton aphids, thrips and lygus lucorum in cotton fields, as well as the eggs and the newly hatched larvae of armyworms, cotton bollworms and pink bollworms, and according to the cotton field survey of Hedgeon officials in Han county, overflowing Yang, the occurrence number of some small flower bugs in the cotton fields generally dominates the total number of predatory natural enemies. Meanwhile, the alfalfa between the rows of the fruit trees in the apple orchard is cut manually and timely, so that the stinkbug inhabiting in the alfalfa can be promoted to migrate to the surrounding apple trees, and the alfalfa has an obvious control effect on pest mites on the apple trees; the plants such as alfalfa, summer solonchak and the like are planted in the orchard, so that the pest mites and aphids in the orchard can be effectively controlled. Generally, the plant with aphids harmful or flowering is provided with orius minutus; in early spring, the weeds move mostly, so that the flowering artemisia annua is the most; the summer crops are the largest in field of broad beans, the vegetable crops are the largest in carrot blossoming, and the summer crops are the largest in cotton. Many orius minutus plants live on farmlands and other herbaceous plants in open environment, are quite common and play a certain role in controlling pests such as aphids, mites and thrips. Meanwhile, under the condition of insufficient foodstuff, pollen can be used as the foodstuff to maintain a certain population quantity of the orius minutus, which is an important characteristic of environment adaptation, so that the influence of quantity variation of the pests is small. Generally, there are 2 to 5 eggs, and at most 10 eggs. According to indoor breeding, each female can lay 16-64 eggs on average, and the maximum number is 136. Tiny flower bugs in the eastern region of China (O． minutus) Orius sauteri (orius sauteri) ((R))O．saunteri) And orius mirificus (A), (B)O．Similis) The research is more. The domestic distribution is mainly in areas such as Beijing, henan, hubei, shanghai, etc.
The orius minutus is used as the dominant natural enemy of field pests, and is developed and utilized as a biological control natural enemy by people due to the fact that the orius minutus can eat various economic pests such as aphids, whiteflies and the like. However, no commercial product of the orius minutus exists in the market at present, most of the reasons are that the orius minutus is easy to escape and mutual mutilation phenomenon exists, the mutual mutilation phenomenon of the orius minutus is particularly serious under the conditions of large quantity of feeding conditions and deficient food, and at present, the major feeding and releasing devices of the orius minutus comprise culture dishes, small insect cages, small plastic tanks and the like. The culture dish device avoids the mutual residual phenomenon among the species of the orius minutus, is a device for single-head feeding, but has the biggest problem that the operation is complicated, and a large amount of feeding cannot be carried out; although the feeding area of the small insect cage is increased, the small insect cage cannot avoid the escape of the orius minutus, so that the insect population loss is serious; the small plastic tank can not solve the problem of the competition between the orius minutus seeds. Meanwhile, the field collection technology of the orius minutus also limits the reasonable application of the orius minutus. At present, the method for collecting the orius minutus mainly comprises a pan beating method and a net sweeping method, wherein the pan beating method is a collection method which enables the orius minutus to be easily found by means of a white pan, the orius minutus are beaten on the white porcelain pan by beating flowers or weeds, and then single-head storage is carried out through a small plastic bottle. The net sweeping method collects in a large grassland or flower clump and swings left and right during sweeping. The insects caught by the net sweeping method are various in types and multiple in individuals, dozens of or hundreds of small insects can be caught by one net, and the insects are swept on the plant repeatedly during sweeping, so that not only are various insects swept, but also leaves, flowers and fruits of the plant can be swept, and after the insects are swept for a period of time, complicated selection work needs to be carried out, a large number of orius bugs can be caught in a short time, but the net sweeping method inevitably causes mechanical damage to the orius bugs, and meanwhile, the collection efficiency is greatly reduced through the subsequent selection work. The release device is also currently only to open the three raising devices described above to let the small orius bugs escape by themselves, with extremely low efficiency and inconvenient operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing natural enemies of orius minutus comprises:
the collecting unit comprises a hollow collecting barrel, one end of the collecting barrel is closed, and the other end of the collecting barrel is an opening end;
the feeding and releasing unit comprises a hanging part, a central column, a first chassis and a multi-layer isolation platform, wherein the hanging part is fixedly connected with a first end of the central column, and a second end of the central column is fixedly connected with the first chassis; the multilayer isolation platforms are arranged on the column body of the central column between the suspension part and the first chassis at intervals;
the insect storage unit comprises an insect storage barrel, wherein the first end of the insect storage barrel is provided with an opening, and the second end of the insect storage barrel is provided with a second chassis;
the device is provided with an acquisition state, a feeding state and a release state;
when the device is in an acquisition state, an acquisition hopper is installed at the opening end of the acquisition barrel, the acquisition hopper is of a retractable structure, the large-diameter end of the acquisition hopper is detachably connected with the opening end of the acquisition barrel, and the small-diameter end of the acquisition hopper is positioned in the acquisition barrel;
when the device is in a feeding state, the feeding and releasing unit is positioned in the insect storage barrel, the collecting barrel is sleeved outside the insect storage barrel, and the open end of the collecting barrel is matched with the second chassis; the suspension part is positioned at one side close to the first chassis;
when the device is in a release state, the feeding and releasing unit is separated from the collecting unit and the insect storage unit, and the hanging part is hung at a preset position.
Furthermore, the collecting hopper is conical; the collecting hopper is made of plastic; the collecting barrel body and the insect storage barrel body are made of transparent plastics.
Further, a feed adding port is formed in the first chassis; and a fixing column with a hollow structure is arranged on the second chassis, and the fixing column corresponds to the feed adding port.
Further, keep apart the platform and include a plurality of edge the annular circular arc tray that center post circumference set up, 2 adjacent be provided with the annular clearance of certain radian between the tray.
Further, the trays between the adjacent 2 layers of isolation platforms are arranged in a staggered mode.
Furthermore, except the inner circular arc edge of the tray, other circumferential edges of the tray are provided with convex thin walls extending to the hanging part.
Furthermore, the isolation platforms are 4 layers and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the central column.
Furthermore, an annular groove is formed in the circumferential direction of the second chassis, and the open end of the collecting barrel is matched with the annular groove, so that an insect storage space is formed between the collecting barrel and the insect storage barrel.
Further, the center post is high density sponge post to effective absorption liquid artificial feed.
A use method of an integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing natural enemies of orius minutus is characterized in that the integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing natural enemies of orius minutus is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
s10, selecting a proper collecting hopper according to the size of a plant stem node or a flower, and detachably connecting the collecting hopper with a collecting barrel; inserting the tail end of the stem node or the flower into a collecting bucket, slightly shaking, and then extracting the tail end of the stem node or the flower to keep the orius minutus or other small insects in the collecting bucket;
s20, repeating the step S10, and observing whether enough orius minutus or other small insects are collected in the collecting barrel until the collecting work is finished;
s30, combining a fixing column positioned in the center of a second chassis in the insect storage unit with a feed adding port in the center of a first chassis to enable the feeding and releasing unit to be placed in the insect storage unit;
s40, sucking the liquid artificial feed by using a rubber head dropper, adding the feed from a feed adding port, and filling the whole central column;
s50, sleeving the collecting bucket with the collecting hopper taken down on the outer side of the insect storage bucket, wherein the opening end of the collecting bucket and a second chassis in the insect storage unit are closed through an annular groove to form a complete insect storage space;
s60, when the orius minutus or other small insects need to be released, taking out the feeding and releasing unit, and separating the feeding and releasing unit from the collecting barrel and the insect storage barrel; the hanging part is hung at a preset position to be released, and the releasing step can be completed by waiting for the orius minutus or other small insects to leave the device.
Has the advantages that:
the integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing the natural enemies of the orius minutus, provided by the invention, overcomes the defects of slow efficiency and high insect population loss rate of a pan shooting method and a net sweeping method in the traditional collecting method, and can reduce the damage rate of the orius minutus under the condition of improving the efficiency; meanwhile, the device solves the problem of the traditional feeding device through a special structure and design, for example, the culture dish can not realize large-scale feeding and breeding, the small insect breeding cage can cause the tiny flower bug to escape, and the small plastic tank can not avoid the phenomenon of mutual mutualism among the tiny flower bug. In addition, the device can also realize the field release of the orius minutus and provide convenience for the reasonable application and pest control of the orius minutus.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention in a feeding state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the raising and discharging unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is another view showing the whole structure of the raising and discharging unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view showing the whole structure of the raising and discharging unit in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the insect storage unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view showing the overall structure of the insect storage unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the collecting hopper according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the acquisition unit in the acquisition state according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a front view of the acquisition unit of the present invention in an acquisition state;
FIG. 11 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 10;
wherein, 1, an acquisition unit; 11. collecting a barrel; 2. a feeding and releasing unit; 21. a hanging part; 22. isolating the platform; 23. a central column; 24. a first chassis; 25. a feed adding port; 3. an insect storage unit; 31. a pest storage barrel; 32. a second chassis; 33. fixing a column; 4. a collecting hopper.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The present embodiment is exemplified by the collection, feeding, and release of orius minutus among small insects.
Referring to fig. 1-11, an integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing natural enemy insects of orius minutus comprises:
the collecting unit 1 comprises a hollow collecting barrel 11, one end of the collecting barrel 11 is closed, and the other end of the collecting barrel 11 is an opening end;
the feeding and releasing unit 2 comprises a hanging part 21, a central column 23, a first chassis 24 and a multilayer isolation platform 22, wherein the hanging part 21 is fixedly connected with a first end of the central column 23, and a second end of the central column 23 is fixedly connected with the first chassis 24; the multilayer isolation platforms 22 are arranged on the column body of the central column 23 between the suspension part 21 and the first chassis 24 at intervals;
the insect storage unit 3 comprises an insect storage barrel 31, wherein the first end of the insect storage barrel 31 is provided with an opening, and the second end is provided with a second chassis 32;
the device is provided with a collection state, a feeding state and a release state;
when the device is in an acquisition state, the open end of the acquisition barrel 11 is provided with the acquisition hopper 4, the acquisition hopper 4 is of a retractable structure, the large-diameter end of the acquisition hopper 4 is detachably connected with the open end of the acquisition barrel 11, and the small-diameter end of the acquisition hopper 4 is positioned in the acquisition barrel 11;
when the device is in a feeding state, the feeding and releasing unit 2 is positioned in the insect storage barrel 31, the collecting barrel 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the insect storage barrel 31, and the opening end of the collecting barrel 11 is matched with the second chassis 32; the hanging portion 21 is located on a side close to the first chassis 24;
when the device is in a release state, the raising and releasing unit 2 is separated from the collecting unit 1 and the insect storage unit 3, and the hanging part 21 is hung at a predetermined position.
In the present embodiment, the collecting hopper 4 is preferably conical; the collecting hopper 4 is made of plastic; the body of the collecting barrel 11 and the body of the insect storage barrel 31 are made of transparent plastics.
When the device is in the collection state, whether the device contains the target number of orius minutus or not can be observed at any time in the collection process.
In the present embodiment, the first chassis 24 is provided with a feed adding port 25; a fixing column 33 with a hollow structure is arranged on the second chassis 32, and the fixing column 33 is arranged corresponding to the feed adding port 25.
In this embodiment, the isolation platform 22 includes a plurality of circular arc trays arranged along the circumference of the central column 23, and a circular gap with a certain radian is arranged between every two adjacent 2 trays.
Wherein, the pallets between the adjacent 2 layers of isolation platforms 22 are arranged in a staggered mode.
In the present embodiment, except for the inner circular arc edge of the tray, other circumferential edges of the tray are provided with convex thin walls extending toward the hanging portion 21.
In this embodiment, the isolation platforms 22 are preferably 4 layers, and are uniformly spaced along the axial direction of the central column 23.
In this embodiment, an annular groove is formed in the circumferential direction of the second chassis 32, and the open end of the collecting barrel 11 is matched with the annular groove, so that a complete insect storage space is formed between the collecting barrel 11 and the insect storage barrel 31, and the annular groove can prevent the small orius bugs from escaping while the integrity of the device is ensured.
In the present embodiment, the central column 23 is a high-density sponge column to effectively absorb the liquid artificial feed.
Wherein, the hanging part on the top of the central column 23 is preferably a hook capable of hanging silk threads and branches, and the first chassis 24 is a disc. High density sponge post is the material that absorbs water, adds the mouth 25 through setting up at the fodder of 24 bottoms on first chassis and can artifically apply the fodder, avoids feeding the artificial feed process and causes the escape of tiny flower stinkbug.
Secondly, the hook arranged at the top provides a foundation for the release of the orius minutus, and the device can be hung in a field or a greenhouse to provide conditions for the reasonable application of the orius minutus; moreover, 4 layers of isolation platforms create a larger area for the living space of the orius minutus, and the phenomenon that the orius minutus has mutual disability among species due to overlarge density is avoided.
In this embodiment, the interior circular arc of each layer of annular circular arc tray links to each other with high density sponge post, provides convenience for the tiny flower stinkbug gets to eat liquid artificial feed on high density sponge.
In addition, in this embodiment, first chassis 24 is the disc that the diameter is 8cm, and the inside diameter of second chassis 32 is 8.2cm, and fodder interpolation mouth 25, fixed column 33 can make simultaneously raise and release unit 2 and store up worm unit 3 and closely laminate, and the device is whole slightly littleer, and convenient to carry can satisfy the open-air requirement of gathering.
In the embodiment, the collecting hopper 4 is connected with the opening end of the collecting barrel through a groove bayonet and can be detached, and meanwhile, the collecting hopper with a proper size can be selected according to different plants or flowers during collecting; meanwhile, a foundation is provided for the matching of the collecting barrel 11 and the insect storage barrel 31.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the collecting barrel is 8.4cm, which is consistent with the diameter of the circular groove on the second bottom disc 32 in the insect storage unit 3.
The outer diameter of the insect storage barrel 31 is 8.2cm, the height is 10cm, and the overall height of the feeding and discharging unit is 9.5cm.
In this embodiment, the transparent plastic walls of the collecting barrel 11 and the insect storage barrel 31 are made of polycarbonate, transparent and light; the collecting hopper is made of polypropylene and is thin and hard; the first chassis 24 and the isolation platform 22 in the feeding and releasing unit are made of acrylic plastics, and have small specific gravity and light density.
Example 2
The integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing the natural enemies of the orius minutus provided by the embodiment adopts the integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing the natural enemies of the orius minutus provided by the embodiment 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
s10, selecting a proper collecting hopper according to the size of a plant stem node or a flower, and detachably connecting the collecting hopper with a collecting barrel; inserting the tail end of the stem node or the flower into a collecting bucket, slightly shaking, and then extracting the tail end of the stem node or the flower to keep the orius minutus or other small insects in the collecting bucket;
s20, repeating the step S10, and observing whether enough orius minutus or other small insects are collected in the collecting barrel until the collecting work is finished;
s30, combining a fixing column positioned in the center of a second chassis in the insect storage unit with a feed adding port in the center of a first chassis to enable the feeding and releasing unit to be placed in the insect storage unit;
s40, sucking the liquid artificial feed by using a rubber head dropper, adding the feed from a feed adding port, and filling the whole central column;
s50, sleeving the collecting bucket with the collecting hopper taken down on the outer side of the insect storage bucket, wherein the opening end of the collecting bucket and a second chassis in the insect storage unit are closed through an annular groove to form a complete insect storage space;
s60, when the orius minutus or other small insects need to be released, taking out the feeding and releasing unit, and separating the feeding and releasing unit from the collecting barrel and the insect storage barrel; the hanging part is hung at a preset position to be released, and the releasing step can be completed by waiting for the orius minutus or other small insects to leave the device.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the integrated device for collecting, raising and releasing natural enemy insects of orius minutus provided in embodiment 1 is used for an experiment of collecting, raising and releasing orius minutus, and experimental operations are performed according to the method provided in embodiment 2, and the specific experimental scheme and experimental results are as follows:
the method and the traditional device are respectively used for carrying out the experiments of collecting, feeding and releasing the orius minutus, wherein the collection experiment is carried out on 3 plots of the outdoor corn planted in the heading stage, and the device, the white disc and the net sweeping are used; the feeding test is carried out in a constant temperature box in a laboratory, and the adopted devices are the invention, a culture dish, a small insect breeding cage and a small plastic tank; the release test is carried out outdoors, 1 corn planting field is selected, and the four devices of the invention, the culture dish, the small insect cage and the small plastic tank are respectively released.
Collecting and testing: the device, the white disc and the insect catching net are respectively used for collecting the orius similis on the corn ear, and the time required for collecting 50 adult orius similis by each device is counted. The time and the mechanical damage rate respectively needed by the 3 devices for collecting the adult orius minutus in the laboratory are calculated, and meanwhile, comparative analysis is carried out.
Feeding test: the preliminarily feathered orius minutus in the laboratory is taken and respectively bred in the culture dish, the small insect breeding cage and the small plastic tank, each device is bred by 100 heads, and the death rate and escape quantity of the orius minutus are observed after breeding for 10 days in artificial climate.
Release test: respectively releasing 4 devices containing 100 orius minutus nymphs/adults of 5-year-old in a corn field, and observing and recording the time required for the orius minutus to completely leave the devices.
(1) Collection experiment of orius minutus adults
TABLE 1 Collection time and damage rate of adult orius minutus collected by different collection devices
Note: adult injury and mortality are mean ± sem in the table. The lower case letters are identical indicating that the difference is not significant, and the differences indicate that the difference is significant. Significance of difference was calculated using SPSS 25.
The single-head collection time and the damage rate of the adult orius minutus collected by different collection devices are shown in table 1.
Under the condition of simultaneously collecting 20 orius minutus, the required time of the device is shortest, is 12.80 min and is only 1/5 of the time of the white disc device; 1/3 of the length of the insect catching net deviceF 2,14 =185.346；P= 0.05). Similarly, the adult damage rate collected by the device is the lowest among the 3 kinds of collecting devices, and is 0.80 percent; wherein the adult damage rate collected by the insect catching net device is the highest and is 24.00 percent; the damage rate of the white dish device is 11.60 percent compared with the insect catching net (F 2,14 =77.754；P=0.05）。
(2) Adult raising experiment of orius minutus
Table 2 escape rate, mortality rate and feeding time for feeding orius minutus with different feeding devices
Note: adult injury and mortality are mean ± sem in the table. The lower case letters are identical indicating that the difference is not significant, and the differences indicate that the difference is significant. Significance of difference was calculated using SPSS 25.
Escape rate, mortality rate and feeding time for raising orius minutus with different raising devices are shown in table 2.
The escape rate of the device for feeding the adult orius minutus is 0, and the escape rate is the lowest among the four devices; the small insect cage is the highest, and the escape rate of the adult orius minutus is 34.40%; the escape rates of the culture dish and the small plastic tank are respectively 5.40 percent and 12.00 percent (the escape rates of the adult orius minutus are lower than that of the small insect cage)F 3,19 =148.836；P=0.05）。
The mortality rate of the four collecting devices fed by the invention and the culture dish is the lowest, and is respectively 3.80 percent and 3.60 percent; the small insect-raising cage and the small plastic tank are obviously lower than the small insect-raising cage and the small plastic tank, the death rates of the adult orius microphyllus are respectively 14.00 percent and 27.20 percent (F 3,19 =79.647；P=0.05）。
The feeding time of different devices is the lowest time of the invention, which is only 6.00 percent, and the feeding time of other three devices is obviously higher than that of the invention, and the feeding time of the culture dish is the highest time of 391.40 percent; the small insect-raising cage and the small plastic pot are respectively 36.60 percent and 147.00 percent (F 3,19 =478.929；P=0.05）。
(3) Degarus microplus adult/nymph release experiment
TABLE 3 release of orius minutus nymphs/adults by different devices and time required for operation
Note: adult injury and mortality are mean ± sem in the table. The lower case letters are identical indicating that the difference is not significant, and the differences indicate that the difference is significant. Significance of difference was calculated using SPSS 25.
The release of the orius minutus nymphs/adults by the different devices and the time required for the operation are shown in table 3.
The time required for releasing the nymphs is the lowest in the invention and the culture dish, and is respectively 19.70 min and 21.52 min; the time required by the small-sized insect cage to release nymphs is remarkably longer than that of the other three devices, namely 51.77 min. The time required for releasing the nymphs is 21.52 min and 33.54 min respectively (second time for the culture dish and the small plastic tank device)F 3,19 =67.534；P=0.05）。
Similarly, the time required by the adult is the lowest between the adult and the culture dish, and is respectively 3.80 min and 7.59 min; the small insect-raising cage and the small plastic pot are obviously higher than the invention and the culture dish, and the time for releasing the imagoes is 33.14 min and 14.88 min respectively (F 3,19 =103.699；P=0.05）。
The time for completing the releasing operation of the four devices is the lowest between the four devices and the small insect cage, and is respectively 10.40s and 12.00s; the longest operation time of the culture dish is 54.00s, the time for completing the releasing operation is 25.80s after the small plastic tank is usedF 3,19 =129.375；P=0.05）。
(I) collecting experimental results and analyzing the adult orius minutus:
the experimental result of the adult orius minutus collection shows that the orius minutus collection device adopted by the invention is obviously superior to the traditional collection method of the white disc and the insect catching net. The collecting device and the method are suitable for collecting the adult and nymphaea of the orius minutus on various plants. As can be seen in the collection experiment of the orius minutus adults, the collection barrel is a transparent plastic wall and is provided with the conical collection hopper, so that the escape of the orius minutus can be reduced, and the number of the insects in the device can be obviously observed.
The traditional white disc does not have any escape prevention treatment, and needs to continuously flap flowers or branches and leaves, so that the traditional method of a user for collecting the orius minutus takes a long time and consumes manpower.
The net sweeping method needs to sweep the field continuously, flowers and impurities of plants can be swept into the net together, high damage rate is caused to the orius minutus, and meanwhile difficulty is brought to subsequent selecting and collecting work. The collecting device provided by the invention brings great convenience for collecting the orius minutus, can be reasonably applied to control natural enemy pests of the orius minutus, can quickly and efficiently collect populations, and brings convenience for the orius minutus control technology.
(II) analysis of results of adult raising experiments of orius minutus
The experimental result of the adult raising of the orius minutus shows that the raising device adopted by the invention is obviously superior to the raising methods of the other three traditional devices. The breeding device and the breeding method are suitable for small insects such as orius minutus. As can be seen from the feeding experiment of the adult orius minutus, the feeding device has the isolation capacity, the inter-species mutual residual phenomenon of the orius minutus can be reduced, and meanwhile, the closed operation environment also ensures that the orius minutus cannot escape.
In the other three devices, although the culture dish device can avoid the mutual residue among the tiny orius bugs, the breeding time and the escape rate are obviously higher than those of the device, and meanwhile, the escape rate, the death rate and the feeding time of the small insect breeding cage and the small plastic tank are all obviously higher than those of the device, so that the problems of difficult operation, the escape of the tiny orius bugs and the mutual residue exist, and therefore the breeding device can ensure higher survival rate, is simple to operate and avoids a plurality of disadvantages of the traditional four devices.
(III) analysis of the results of the stinkbug nymphs/adults Release test
As shown by the release experiment result of the nymphaea planticola/imago, the release device adopted by the invention is also obviously superior to four traditional devices, namely a culture dish, a small insect-raising cage and a small plastic tank.
The release device and the release method are suitable for the adult and nymphs of the orius minutus. As can be seen from the release experiment of the nymphaea planticola/adults, the release-shaped device disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of simplicity in operation, short release time and the like. The nymph releasing time and adult releasing time of the culture dish device have no significant difference with the device of the invention, but the operation time is the highest, because the culture dish is fed by a single head and needs complicated operation; the nymph/adult release time of the small insect cage is the highest in all devices, because the opening of the insect cage is small, the small insect cage causes difficulty in escaping the orius minutus; likewise, the small scale insect feeding tank release nymphs/adults and the operating time are significantly higher than the device of the present invention.
Therefore, the device provided by the invention can ensure that the orius minutus is released quickly, greatly reduces the operation difficulty, and provides a basis and powerful support for reasonable application of the orius minutus.
The invention has detailed the collection, breeding and release integrated device, the use method and the result of the orius similis, but the collection, breeding and release of the small insects such as parasitoid wasps, armyworm bugs, chrysopa perla, predatory mites, ladybug, ants and the like can be carried out by utilizing the method and the structure of the invention only by slightly adjusting the size of the insect storage device, the type of artificial feed, the size of the breeding and release device and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a tiny flower stinkbug natural enemy insect gathers, raises and releases integrative device which characterized in that includes:
the collecting unit comprises a hollow collecting barrel, one end of the collecting barrel is closed, and the other end of the collecting barrel is an opening end;
the feeding and releasing unit comprises a hanging part, a central column, a first chassis and a multi-layer isolation platform, wherein the hanging part is fixedly connected with a first end of the central column, and a second end of the central column is fixedly connected with the first chassis; the multilayer isolation platforms are arranged on the column body of the central column between the suspension part and the first chassis at intervals;
the insect storage unit comprises an insect storage barrel, wherein the first end of the insect storage barrel is provided with an opening, and the second end of the insect storage barrel is provided with a second chassis;
a feed adding port is formed in the first chassis; a fixing column with a hollow structure is arranged on the second chassis, and the fixing column is arranged corresponding to the feed adding port;
the isolation platform comprises a plurality of annular arc trays arranged along the circumferential direction of the central column, and annular gaps with a certain radian are arranged between every two adjacent trays;
the central column is a high-density sponge column to effectively absorb the liquid artificial feed;
an annular groove is formed in the circumferential direction of the second chassis, and the open end of the collecting barrel is matched with the annular groove, so that an insect storage space is formed between the collecting barrel and the insect storage barrel;
the device is provided with an acquisition state, a feeding state and a release state;
when the device is in an acquisition state, an acquisition hopper is installed at the opening end of the acquisition barrel, the acquisition hopper is of a retractable structure, the large-diameter end of the acquisition hopper is detachably connected with the opening end of the acquisition barrel, and the small-diameter end of the acquisition hopper is positioned in the acquisition barrel;
when the device is in a feeding state, the feeding and releasing unit is positioned in the insect storage barrel, the collecting barrel is sleeved outside the insect storage barrel, and the open end of the collecting barrel is matched with the second chassis; the suspension part is positioned at one side close to the first chassis;
when the device is in a release state, the feeding and releasing unit is separated from the collecting unit and the insect storage unit, and the hanging part is hung at a preset position.
2. The integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing the natural enemy insects of orius minutus according to claim 1, wherein the collecting hopper is conical; the collecting hopper is made of plastic; the collection barrel body and the insect storage barrel body are made of transparent plastics.
3. The integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing the natural enemy insects of the orius minutus according to claim 1, wherein the trays between the adjacent 2 layers of the isolation platforms are arranged in a staggered mode.
4. The insect collecting, feeding and releasing integrated device for natural enemies of orius minutus according to claim 1, wherein protruding thin walls extending to the hanging portion are arranged at other circumferential edges of the tray except for inner circular arc edges of the tray.
5. The integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing the natural enemies and insects of orius minutus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the isolation platforms are 4 layers and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the central column.
6. A use method of the integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing the natural enemy insects of the orius minutus is characterized in that the integrated device for collecting, feeding and releasing the natural enemy insects of the orius minutus of any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
s10, selecting a proper collecting hopper according to the size of a plant stem node or a flower, and detachably connecting the collecting hopper with a collecting barrel; inserting the tail end of the stem node or the flower into a collecting bucket, slightly shaking, and then extracting the tail end of the stem node or the flower to keep the orius minutus or other small insects in the collecting bucket;
s20, repeating the step S10, and observing whether enough orius minutus or other small insects are collected in the collecting barrel until the collecting work is finished;
s30, combining a fixing column positioned in the center of a second chassis in the insect storage unit with a feed adding port in the center of a first chassis to enable the feeding and releasing unit to be placed in the insect storage unit;
s40, sucking the liquid artificial feed by using a rubber head dropper, adding the feed from a feed adding port, and filling the whole central column;
s50, sleeving the collecting bucket with the collecting hopper taken down on the outer side of the insect storage bucket, wherein the opening end of the collecting bucket and a second chassis in the insect storage unit are closed through an annular groove to form a complete insect storage space;
s60, when the orius minutus or other small insects need to be released, taking out the feeding and releasing unit, and separating the feeding and releasing unit from the collecting barrel and the insect storage barrel; the hanging part is hung at a preset position to be released, and the releasing step can be completed by waiting for the orius minutus or other small insects to leave the device.
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