CN111296368B - Method for producing fruit fly parasitic wasps by using drosophila melanogaster - Google Patents
Method for producing fruit fly parasitic wasps by using drosophila melanogaster Download PDFInfo
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for mass production of drosophila parasitism by drosophila melanogaster, which can simply complete mass feeding and parasitism of drosophila melanogaster parasitism by quickly and simply collecting pupae of drosophila melanogaster, quickly and simply separate drosophila parasitism and the parasitism-free drosophila melanogaster in the pupal stage, quickly and simply regulate and control the quantity and the ratio of the drosophila parasitism, so as to ensure sufficient mating and proper parasitism rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural pest biological control, and aims to provide a method for mass production of drosophila parasitifer by drosophila melanogaster.
Background
Population control using natural enemy insects is a common means of biological pest control. At present, various natural enemy insects such as predatory mites, trichogramma, harmonia axyridis and the like are successfully commercialized and used for field pest control. The natural enemy insects have the common characteristic of being capable of large-scale industrial production and utilizing relatively stable insect states such as eggs, pupae and the like for packaging, transportation and field release. Fruit flies (including black drosophila melanogaster)Drosophila melanogasterYimiguo flyD .immigransOedematodes poinsettiiD .suzukii Etc.) are harmful to various fruits and vegetables, and are important agricultural pests. Several parasitic wasps have been discovered as natural enemies of fruit flies, including fruit fly hornetTrichopria drosophilae (translation: Ogawa Gomphrena, Ogawa, OgaLeptopilina japonicaBumadei small ring gall waspLeptopilina boulardiOpen arm reverse jasconaAsobaraVarious parasitic bees, etc. Parasitic wasps can be divided into larval parasitic wasps and pupal parasitic wasps according to different life history stages of parasitic hosts.
The fruit fly branchilla hammermispora belongs to the family of branchilla branchiformis of hymenoptera, is a main parasitic wasp in the pupal stage of fruit flies, has a wide host range, and has parasitic preference for newly pupated fruit fly pupae. In recent years, a series of researches on artificial breeding and production of drosophila hammer angle muslims appear. As a parasitic wasp, the artificial breeding of fruit fly hornet can be decomposed into: collecting host fruit fly pupas, feeding and parasitizing fruit fly hornet, separating the fruit fly hornet horn.
The existing patents related to the collection link of host fruit fly pupae include: CN201710749534, CN201911101413, CN 201613523, CN201911170485 and the like. The technical scheme has the following common points: a large amount of Drosophila maculata, Drosophila hadenitis or Drosophila melanogaster was bred using an artificial culture medium, and their pupae were collected. Among these hosts, drosophila melanogaster was the most well studied and most easily housed. Drosophila melanogaster is a long-term, ideal model insect in genetic studies. It has the advantages of easy feeding, short life cycle, strong fertility, and easy male and female discrimination. The drosophila melanogaster can be propagated in large quantities by using artificial culture medium (such as corn culture medium, banana culture medium, etc.). The drosophila melanogaster likes pupating in dry, dark, quiet and hard places and has the phenomenon of aggregation and pupation. The pupal stage is about 4 days. In the technology related to the collecting link of the housefly pupae of the host, the host used by CN201911101413 and CN201911170485 is the drosophila melanogaster. Both of them utilize the characteristic that the black drosophila melanogaster likes dry and hard pupation places to make the aged larvae of the black drosophila melanogaster climb up to the wall of the hard plastic container from the wet culture medium, and then wash and collect the pupae on the wall of the plastic container. The breeding and parasitizing links of fruit fly hornet wasps are as follows: CN201910246022, CN201710749534, CN 201613523, CN201920411820, CN201520807526 and the like. The technical scheme has the following common points: introducing copulated Drosophila hammer hornet and pupa of host Drosophila into the same space for parasitizing. The patent relating to the separation link of the fruit fly horned wasp and the host which is not parasitic comprises the following steps: CN201520738270, CN201520807526, CN201920411820 and the like. The technical scheme has the following common points: the host and parasitic wasp are separated by utilizing the difference of their attributes, such as volume and pupal period.
As mentioned above, the artificial breeding of Drosophila hammer angle muskmelon can be decomposed into: collecting host fruit fly pupas, feeding and parasitizing fruit fly hornet, separating the fruit fly hornet horn. The existing technology aiming at each link has various defects. In the collection link of host fruit fly pupae, CN201710749534, CN201911101413 and CN201610213523 need to manually collect clean fruit fly pupae in the modes of brush, tweezers, water spray, filter screen and the like, while CN201710749534 needs to manually remove parent fruit flies in a container, so that the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming and is not suitable for the requirement of mass production. And all the hosts utilized by the schemes are drosophila melanogaster good at flying, the hosts are pests, the drosophila melanogaster is easy to escape, and a series of problems of cross contamination in a factory building, harm to fruits and vegetables in fields and the like are generated after the drosophila melanogaster escapes. In the breeding and parasitizing links of fruit fly hornet wasps, CN201910246022, CN201710749534 and CN201610213523 need to manually collect and introduce parasitic wasps, which is time-consuming and labor-consuming. CN201920411820 and CN201520807526 can be used for feeding host and bee together in the same space, so that the age of pupa cannot be controlled, the pupa after being fed and the larva in the culture medium are difficult to separate, and the parasitic bee is easy to drown in the culture medium because the culture medium consumed by the larva in the mature larva stage is sticky. In the separation link of the fruit fly horned hornet and the host which is not parasitic, CN201520738270 and CN201520807526 use a volume difference to separate by using an insect blocking net, the obtained parasitic wasps are imagoes which need to be collected again for packaging and transportation, and CN201920411820 uses the characteristic of emergence of the host fruit flies and phototaxis to separate, but the step speed of the phototaxis separation is slow, the separation is not thorough, and the separation is not suitable for the requirement of mass production. Finally, the technical scheme aiming at the ratio retention link of the fruit fly hammer angle hornet is blank, almost depends on manual sorting, greatly depends on the working proficiency of a sorter, and is not suitable for the requirement of mass production. However, if the sexual intercourse control is not performed, the mating is incomplete, the number of emerged female bees is small, and the parasitic control effect cannot be achieved. In conclusion, the common defects of the existing technical schemes for producing the fruit fly hammer angle muskmelon are as follows: a lot of labor and time are consumed in each link to perform fine operation, and if the scale is enlarged, the required time and labor are also multiplied, and the possibility that the host escapes as a hazard exists. At present, no scheme is suitable for large-scale production of drosophila hammer-horn wasps. In addition, a technical scheme aiming at mass propagation of the larval parasitic wasps of the drosophila melanogaster and other pupa parasitic wasps is still blank. These key techniques for parasitic bee rearing have in common.
The technical problem that this application will solve is: the pupae of the drosophila melanogaster are quickly and easily collected, a large amount of feeding and parasitizing of the drosophila melanogaster parasitic wasps are simply and easily completed, the drosophila melanogaster parasitic wasps and the parasitized drosophila melanogaster are quickly and easily separated in the pupal stage, and the quantity and the ratio of the drosophila melanogaster parasitic wasps are quickly and easily regulated so as to ensure sufficient mating and proper parasitizing rate. Preferably, the mutant strain drosophila melanogaster which cannot fly is utilized to avoid the possibility of host escape. By utilizing the physiological characteristics of the drosophila melanogaster, a method for mass production of drosophila melanogaster parasitic wasps with low labor demand, convenient operation, rapidness and economy is designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for mass production of drosophila parasitism by using drosophila melanogaster.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for mass production of Drosophila melanogaster parasitic wasps by use of Drosophila melanogaster comprises the following steps:
(1) expanding propagation and egg picking of drosophila melanogaster;
introducing the initial seed flies into a breeding cage for propagation, placing water and adult feed in an egg collecting cage, sucking 200-400 pairs of seed flies from the breeding cage by using a pest sucker, and introducing the seed flies into the egg collecting cage for breeding; when egg collection is needed, placing a culture dish filled with culture medium in an egg collection cage for 48 hours to collect enough eggs; the adult feed is yeast extract: the mass ratio of the sucrose is 1: 5.
(2) Collecting pupae of drosophila melanogaster and feeding and parasitizing drosophila parasitism:
collecting the pupae of the drosophila melanogaster:
1) placing the collected culture medium containing the drosophila melanogaster eggs into a device for collecting mature larvae and pupae of drosophila melanogaster, placing the device under the illumination of 27 +/-2 ℃, 80 +/-5% humidity and 24h for culture, wherein the mature larvae climb out of a square box, fall off from the outer brim, climb into a gap between the square box and the wall of a filter paper funnel with dark light along the filter paper funnel, fall into a light gradient space at the bottom of the insect collecting funnel, and fall on an insect collecting paper or a drawer in the middle of an insect collecting groove through an insect inlet; replacing new insect collecting paper or an insect collecting drawer every 6-24h to collect new mature larvae and prepupa; collecting the insect paper to fold into a paper bag, placing the paper bag or drawer in a dark and breathable box for 6 hours, and stopping crawling after all the mature larvae pupate;
2) and weighing pupa paper by using a precision balance according to the thousand-grain weight of the melanogaster pupae, and deducting the weight of the paper extraction or the drawer to calculate the rough number of the melanogaster pupae in the pupa paper or the drawer.
The device for collecting the aged larvae and pupae of the drosophila melanogaster comprises a square box vertically arranged in a paper funnel, the lower end of the paper funnel extends to the top in a drawer cabinet, the paper funnel is conical, an arc-shaped pest collecting seam is formed at the contact position of the lower end of the square box and the inner wall of the paper funnel, three layers are arranged in the drawer cabinet, and respectively comprise a light gradient layer, a pest collecting layer and a cleaning layer, wherein the two pest collecting layers are provided with drawers, the light gradient layer is vertically communicated, a pest collecting groove is fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the pest collecting drawer of the pest collecting layer, and pest collecting paper is filled in the pest collecting groove; the upper end of the square box is fixedly provided with an outer brim along the periphery thereof; a round hole connected with the lower end of the paper funnel is formed in the center of the upper end of the drawer cabinet, a pest collecting funnel is arranged right below the round hole and is fixedly connected to the peripheral wall of the round hole through the upper end of the pest collecting funnel to be in seamless communication with the paper funnel, and the pest collecting funnel is in an inverted round platform shape; the bottom in the cleaning layer is fixedly provided with a standby insect collecting groove which is on the same axis with the insect collecting groove, and standby insect collecting paper is padded in the standby insect collecting groove.
The feeding and parasitizing of the fruit fly parasitic wasps are as follows:
1) a 5L square transparent plastic tank is used as a bee breeding tank, 1/3 which is close to the tank bottom in the bee breeding tank is divided into a living area for placing vitamins and abundant materials and concentrating parasitic bees during operation, 2/3 which is close to the tank opening is divided into an operating area which is normally empty and used for parasitic and separation operations involving frequent taking and placing, and the tank opening is provided with a gauze or a sleeve to prevent the parasitic bees from escaping; when the tank opening is opened, the transparent tank bottom is always aligned;
2) introducing a plurality of pairs of sexually mature parasitic wasps into the wasp breeding tank, and illuminating: feeding in constant temperature and humidity environment with darkness of 10h, temperature of 23 + -1 deg.C and RH of 50%, waiting for 24-48h for sufficient mating, and placing pupa or larva to be parasitized in the operation area for 24 h.
When the parasitic wasp is a larva parasitic wasp, the feeding and the parasitizing of the drosophila parasitic wasp are firstly carried out, and then the collection of the pupa of the drosophila melanogaster is carried out: taking the culture dish after egg collection in the step (1), putting the culture dish in an air-permeable empty container to be raised to the age suitable for parasitism, putting the culture dish in an operation area in a bee breeding tank, taking out the culture dish after parasitism is carried out for 24 hours, putting the culture dish in the air-permeable empty container to be raised until mature larvae appear, and then collecting the pupae on pupa paper according to a method for collecting the pupae of the drosophila melanogaster;
or when the pupa parasitic wasp is used, the collection of the pupa of the drosophila melanogaster is firstly carried out, and then the feeding and the parasitizing of the drosophila melanogaster parasitic wasp are carried out: collecting pupa paper with a proper amount of pupas after counting, opening an operation area placed in a bee breeding tank, and taking out the pupa paper after parasitizing for 24 h.
(3) Separating the fruit fly parasitic wasp and the non-parasitic drosophila melanogaster;
placing the pupa paper with parasitic bee pupas and unparasitized drosophila melanogaster pupas obtained in the step (2) into a ventilated empty container, waiting for all the eclosion melanogaster imagoes in the container to die due to hunger and thirst, and then taking out the pupa paper; or collecting the imagoes by using a trematode device, putting the imagoes back into a breeding cage or an egg collecting cage of the drosophila melanogaster, and then taking out pupa paper. Because the eclosion time of the fly pupae of the anopheline melanogaster which is not parasitized is greatly earlier than that of the fly pupae of the anopheline melanogaster which is parasitized by the parasitized bees, when a large amount of the drosophila melanogaster eclosion, the time difference can be utilized for separation.
(4) The quantity and the ratio of fruit fly parasitic wasps are controlled:
1) placing the pupa paper after host separation in the step (3) in an operation area of a bee breeding tank, wherein the emergence time of the male bees is earlier than that of the female bees, after the male bees begin to emerge in a large amount, the tank bottom is aligned, most of the male bees are separated to a living area by utilizing the phototaxis of the male bees, and then the pupa paper is taken out, wherein the bee breeding tank is called as a 'male bee tank', namely the bee breeding tank is used for breed conservation and breeding of the male bees;
2) transferring the pupa paper into an operation area of a new bee breeding tank, and after parasitic bees are all emerged, the bee breeding tank is called as a new bee breeding tank, namely, the bee breeding tank is used for breeding parasitic bees of a new generation;
3) when the number of the drone in a new bee breeding tank is too small, the drone is sucked from the drone tank by using a trematode device for adding, and the ratio of the number of the female bees to the number of the male bees is regulated; when the total number of the heads in the new bee breeding tanks is too much or too little, the trematode is used for mutual transfer among the new bee breeding tanks.
Since the life of the female bee of the drosophila parasitized bee is longer than that of the male bee, the proportion of the male bee in the breeding pot (hereinafter referred to as the "old breeding pot") which has a longer rearing time after emergence may be reduced. At the same time, the required number can be roughly calculated, and the drone is sucked from the drone tank by the trematode device and added into the old bee tank. In the operations such as propagation expanding and the like after the step, artificial tank building is not needed for propagation expanding of the fruit fly parasitic wasps, and the new bee breeding tank and the old bee breeding tank obtained in the steps can be directly used.
(5) Releasing fruit fly parasitic wasps:
release is carried out in the pupal stage: placing the pupa paper tape obtained after host separation in the step (3) in a field, placing the pupa paper tape in a dry and rain-sheltering area, and waiting for the parasitic wasp to emerge; or releasing in an adult stage, collectively transferring pupa paper separated from the hosts in the step (3) into a new bee breeding tank, namely a release tank, after all parasitic bees emerge, bringing the release tank into the field, and opening the cover to release.
(6) Escape-proof facility of mutant drosophila melanogaster incapable of flying
When the method is a mutant drosophila melanogaster which cannot fly, a ring of annular ditch or water tank with the width of 3-50cm is arranged on the ground around the expanding propagation, ovum taking and host separation area of the mutant drosophila melanogaster which cannot fly, and the ditch or water tank is filled with aqueous solution containing surfactant.
The invention has the advantages that:
the egg collecting cage for the drosophila melanogaster only supplies water and adult feed during the egg collecting period, and does not supply culture medium for egg laying. The device is time-saving, labor-saving and low in cost, and can collect a large number of mature larvae and pupae of the drosophila melanogaster in a short time so as to meet the large demand on the mature larvae and pupae of the drosophila melanogaster in scientific experiments or the propagation of parasitic wasps in the pupal stage of the drosophila melanogaster; the bee breeding tank is divided into a living area and an operating area, wherein the living area is located at the bottom of the transparent tank and used for placing vitamins, abundant materials and concentrating parasitic bees during operation, and the operating area is located near the tank opening and is normally empty and used for operations of parasitic, separation and the like which involve frequent picking and placing. The separation of parasitic wasp from host without parasitic adopts independent empty container, and utilizes the characteristic that the emergence time of drosophila melanogaster is far earlier than that of parasitic wasp to remove drosophila melanogaster. By utilizing the characteristic that the emergence time of the drone of the fruit fly parasitic wasp is earlier than that of the female wasp, the remaining bee pupae are taken out after the male wasp starts to emerge in a large quantity, and an independent drone can is established for the control of sex ratio. The method is characterized in that the drosophila melanogaster which is an inarticulatable mutant strain is preferably used, a ditch or a water tank added with a surfactant is arranged for blocking the escape of the drosophila melanogaster which is an inarticulatable mutant strain, and the width of the ditch or the water tank is within the range of 3-50 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the collection of host fruit flies, including black belly fruit fly pupae, all need to carry out a large amount of manual operations with modes such as brush, tweezers, water spray, filter screen, and is not suitable for the demand of bulk production in prior art. Moreover, these methods have difficulty in controlling the day-old of the pupae, collecting fresh drosophila pupae for parasitizing drosophila hammer hornet. Furthermore, manual operations directed at pupae can damage the drosophila pupae. This application has designed one set of collection device, only needs to add the mature larva and the culture medium of black belly fruit fly, changes filter paper funnel, collection worm paper extraction and clearance paper extraction, can acquire the pupa of a large amount of black belly fruit flies fast simply for scientific research or parasitic wasp are parasitic.
2. Partial prior art raises host and fruit fly pupal stage parasitic wasp jointly in same space, and the age of pupa can't be controlled, also is difficult to separate the pupa after the post-posting and the larva in the culture medium, and because the mature larva stage has been got comparatively to paste by the larva culture medium that eats the consumption, the parasitic wasp drowns easily in the culture medium. The method and the device have the advantage that feeding places of the parasitic drosophila wasps and hosts (especially culture mediums of the parasitic drosophila wasps and hosts) are thoroughly separated. The parasitic wasp breeding place is clean and tidy, and is beneficial to the seed preservation and the repeated inoculation of the fruit fly parasitic wasps.
3. In the parasitic link of the parasitic wasp, the parasitic wasp needs to be manually put in/taken out and the sex ratio needs to be determined in part of the prior art. The application directly utilizes pupa paper to establish than suitable new numerous bee jar to establish independent drone jar, can directly transfer in a large number with the trematode ware and adjust and control the quantity and the sex ratio of fruit fly parasitic wasp, greatly reduced required labour, make the large-scale production of fruit fly parasitic wasp become possible.
4. In the prior art, the host drosophila imagoes which is not parasitized and the drosophila parasitized bee pupas in the culture medium are separated by utilizing the phototaxis of the drosophila, the speed is slow, and the separation is probably not thorough. The pupae are positioned on pupa paper, and the first eclosion adult drosophila melanogaster can eat without culture medium and die quickly due to hunger and thirst. The adult fruit fly can also be directly collected from pupa paper by using a pest sucker. Both of the two operation schemes are very simple and easy, and are suitable for the requirement of large-scale production.
5. In the prior art, field release of drosophila parasitism bees is not considered, or imagoes need to be collected and released again in a parasitism bee release link, so that the large-scale field application is not facilitated. The pupa paper can be used for releasing, and also can be released after the pupa paper is centralized in a release tank and is feathered, so that the workload of collection and release is greatly reduced, and the large-scale field application is possible.
6. The hosts used in the prior art are all drosophila melanogaster good at flying, and the hosts also include drosophila melanogaster. The fruit flies are pests and are easy to escape, and a series of problems of cross contamination in a factory building, harm to fruits and vegetables in the field and the like can be caused after the fruit flies escape. The application preferably utilizes the drosophila melanogaster mutant strain which can not fly and utilizes the surfactant water tank barrier which can not exceed, thereby effectively putting an end to the possibility of host escape.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for collecting aged larvae and pupae of Drosophila melanogaster.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the device for collecting aged larvae and pupae of drosophila melanogaster.
Fig. 3 is an internal structure view of an insect-collecting drawer of the device for collecting aged larvae and pupae of drosophila melanogaster.
In the figure: the insect collecting cabinet comprises a paper funnel, 2 square boxes, 3 insect collecting seams, 4 light gradient layers, 5 insect collecting layers, 6 cleaning layers, 7 insect collecting drawers, 8 insect collecting grooves, 9 insect collecting paper, 10 outer eaves, 11 round holes, 12 insect collecting funnels and 13 drawer cabinets.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In order to make the aforementioned features and advantages of the device for collecting aged larvae and pupae of drosophila melanogaster more comprehensible, the following description is given in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1~3, a device of collection black abdomen fruit fly mature larva and pupa, including vertical square box 2 of arranging paper funnel 1 in, the square box is the plastics material, the paper funnel lower extreme extends to a drawer cabinet 13 interior top, and the paper funnel is the taper, and square box lower extreme and paper funnel inner wall contact department form arcuation's collection worm seam 3, be provided with the three-layer in the drawer cabinet, top-down is light gradient layer 4 respectively and two album worm layer 5, the clearance layer 6 that all have the drawer, and light gradient layer link up from top to bottom, and the bottom has set firmly album worm groove 8 in the collection worm drawer 7 on collection worm layer, and this album worm inslot pad is equipped with album worm paper 9, collection worm seam is because square box lower extreme four corners supports in the paper funnel, the clearance that bottom four sides and paper formed.
In this embodiment, the upper end of the square box is fixedly provided with an outer brim 10 along the periphery thereof.
In this embodiment, drawer cabinet upper end center is offered the round hole 11 of being connected with the paper funnel lower extreme, installs collection worm funnel 12 under this round hole, links firmly at round hole perisporium and paper funnel seamless communication through collection worm funnel upper end, collection worm funnel is inversion round platform form, collection worm funnel lower extreme opening slightly is greater than paper funnel lower extreme opening to do benefit to the larva and get into, and dwindle the space of fleing, this collection worm funnel set up and directly drop after can darkening gradually along light gradient layer for the larva and get into in the collection worm drawer, and can not stop at light gradient layer.
In this embodiment, clearance in situ bottom sets firmly and is in the reserve album worm groove on the same axis with album worm groove, and reserve album worm inslot pad is equipped with reserve album worm paper, and its inside structure is unanimous with album worm layer, and the setting on this clearance layer is when the larva in the collection worm drawer is taken out to needs, takes out behind the collection worm drawer, and the larva of top lasts to drop to the assurance has same collection space.
In this embodiment, the drawer cabinet also can be replaced through the column jar body of a dark colour, and the height of jar body can form light gradient and change, and jar internal promptly is the album worm groove, and inside can be filled with album worm paper and supply black belly fruit fly to pupate, and paper funnel bottom extends into jar body upper end opening part can.
In the working principle of the embodiment: firstly, transferring a culture medium containing drosophila melanogaster larvae into a square box, filling the square box with the culture medium, wherein mature larvae of drosophila melanogaster tend to pupate in a dry, dark and quiet place, climb out of the square box at the moment, fall into a filter paper funnel along an outer eave, enter the bottom of a darker paper funnel through an insect collecting seam, then enter an insect collecting funnel with a light gradient layer, and then fall into an insect collecting groove of an insect collecting layer right below the insect collecting funnel, at the moment, the body surfaces of the mature larvae are dried in the process of contacting with paper, the insect collecting groove is dark, quiet and hard, and the mature larvae can stay on the insect collecting paper until pupate; replacing new insect collecting paper at intervals to collect new mature larvae and prepupa; clean and fresh mature drosophila melanogaster larvae and pupae are continuously obtained by continuously adding the culture medium containing the drosophila melanogaster larvae, the fresh culture medium and water into the square box.
Example 2
(1) Expanding propagation and egg collection of wild drosophila melanogaster;
introducing the seed flies of wild type drosophila melanogaster into a breeding cage for propagation, placing water and adult feed into an egg collecting cage, sucking 300 pairs of the seed flies from the breeding cage by using a pest sucker, and introducing the seed flies into the egg collecting cage for breeding; during egg collection, a culture dish filled with culture medium is placed in an egg collection cage for 48 hours to collect enough eggs; the adult feed is yeast extract: the mass ratio of the sucrose is 1: 5.
(2) Collecting pupae of drosophila melanogaster and feeding and parasitizing drosophila hammer angle muskmelon:
1) placing the collected culture medium containing the drosophila melanogaster eggs in an air-permeable empty container to be raised until mature larvae appear, placing the culture medium containing the drosophila melanogaster mature larvae in a device for collecting the drosophila melanogaster mature larvae and pupae, placing the device under the illumination of 27 +/-2 ℃, 80 +/-5% of humidity and 24 hours for culture, climbing out of a square box by the eclosion mature larvae, dropping from the outer eaves, climbing into the gap between the square box and the wall of a filter paper funnel along the filter paper funnel, dropping to the light gradient space at the bottom of the insect collecting funnel, and dropping on the insect collecting paper in the middle of the insect collecting groove through an insect inlet; replacing new collected insect paper extraction every 12h to collect new mature larvae and prepupa; folding the collected insect collecting paper into a paper bag, placing the paper bag in a dark and breathable box for 6 hours, and stopping crawling after all mature larvae pupate;
the device for collecting the aged larvae and pupae of the drosophila melanogaster comprises a square box vertically arranged in a paper funnel, the lower end of the paper funnel extends to the top in a drawer cabinet, the paper funnel is conical, an arc-shaped pest collecting seam is formed at the contact position of the lower end of the square box and the inner wall of the paper funnel, three layers are arranged in the drawer cabinet, and respectively comprise a light gradient layer, a pest collecting layer and a cleaning layer, wherein the two pest collecting layers are provided with drawers, the light gradient layer is vertically communicated, a pest collecting groove is fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the pest collecting drawer of the pest collecting layer, and pest collecting paper is filled in the pest collecting groove; the upper end of the square box is fixedly provided with an outer brim along the periphery thereof; a round hole connected with the lower end of the paper funnel is formed in the center of the upper end of the drawer cabinet, a pest collecting funnel is arranged right below the round hole and is fixedly connected to the peripheral wall of the round hole through the upper end of the pest collecting funnel to be in seamless communication with the paper funnel, and the pest collecting funnel is in an inverted round platform shape; the bottom in the cleaning layer is fixedly provided with a standby insect collecting groove which is on the same axis with the insect collecting groove, and standby insect collecting paper is padded in the standby insect collecting groove.
2) Weighing pupa paper by using a precision balance according to the thousand-grain weight of the melanogaster pupae of about 1.8g, and deducting the weight of the paper extraction to calculate the rough number of the melanogaster pupae in the pupa paper.
3) A 5L square transparent plastic tank is used as a bee breeding tank, 1/3 which is close to the tank bottom in the bee breeding tank is divided into a living area for placing vitamins and abundant materials and concentrating parasitic bees during operation, 2/3 which is close to the tank opening is divided into an operating area which is normally empty and used for parasitic and separation operations involving frequent taking and placing, and the tank opening is provided with a gauze or a sleeve to prevent the parasitic bees from escaping; when the tank opening is opened, the transparent tank bottom is always aligned;
4) introducing 15 male and 60 female sexual mature fruit fly hammer horned swamp into the bee breeding tank, and irradiating: feeding in dark at 20 hr, 23 + -1 deg.C and RH of 50%, waiting for 24 hr, mating completely, taking pupa paper with 800 pupa, placing in operation area, and parasitizing for 24 hr.
(3) Separating the fruit fly parasitic wasp and the non-parasitic drosophila melanogaster;
placing the pupa paper of the drosophila melanogaster pupae with parasitic wasps and the parasitized drosophila melanogaster pupae in an air-permeable empty container, waiting for all the eclosion and thirsty of the first eclosion drosophila melanogaster imagoes in the container, and taking out the pupa paper. Since the eclosion time of the fly pupae of the fruit fly without being parasitized is much earlier than that of the fly pupae of the fruit fly with the parasitized bee, when a large amount of the fruit fly with the fruit fly eclosion takes advantage of this time difference for separation.
(4) The quantity and the ratio of fruit fly parasitic wasps are controlled:
1) placing the pupa paper after host separation in the step (3) in an operation area of a drone breeding tank, and taking the pupa paper out after most of the male bees are separated to a living area by utilizing the phototaxis of the male bees because the emergence time of the male bees is earlier than that of the female bees, and the male bees begin to emerge in a large amount, so that the drone breeding tank is called as a 'male bee tank' for male bee conservation and breeding;
2) transferring the pupa paper into an operation area of a new bee breeding tank, and after parasitic bees are all emerged, the bee breeding tank is called as a new bee breeding tank, namely, the bee breeding tank is used for breeding parasitic bees of a new generation;
3) when the number of the drone in a new bee breeding tank is too small, the drone is sucked from the drone tank by using a trematode device for adding, and the ratio of the number of the female bees to the number of the male bees is regulated to be 4: 1; when the total number of the heads in the new bee breeding tanks is too much or too little, the trematode is used for mutual transfer among the new bee breeding tanks, and the total number of the heads of parasitic bees is regulated to be between 50 and 200.
Since the life of the female bee of the fruit fly hammer angle hornet is longer than that of the male bee, the proportion of the male bee in the breeding pot (hereinafter referred to as the "old breeding pot") which has a longer rearing time after emergence may be reduced. At the same time, the required number can be roughly calculated, and the drone is sucked from the drone tank by the trematode device and added into the old bee tank. In the operations such as propagation expanding and the like after the step, the propagation expanding of the fruit fly hammer angle hornet does not need to manually build a pot, and the new bee breeding pot and the old bee breeding pot obtained in the steps can be directly used.
(5) Releasing fruit fly parasitic wasps:
release is carried out in the pupal stage: placing the pupa paper tape obtained after host separation in the step (3) in a field, placing the pupa paper tape in a dry and rain-sheltering area, and waiting for the parasitic wasp to emerge; or releasing in an adult stage, collectively transferring pupa paper separated from the hosts in the step (3) into a new bee breeding tank, namely a release tank, after all parasitic bees emerge, bringing the release tank into the field, and opening the cover to release.
Example 3
(1) Expanding propagation and egg picking of the broken wing strain drosophila melanogaster;
introducing seed flies of a broken wing (wevg) strain into a breeding cage for propagation, placing water and adult feed into an egg collecting cage, sucking 300 pairs of the seed flies from the breeding cage by using a pest sucker, and introducing the seed flies into the egg collecting cage for feeding; during egg collection, a culture dish filled with culture medium is placed in an egg collection cage for 48 hours to collect enough eggs; the adult feed is yeast extract: the mass ratio of the sucrose is 1: 5.
(2) Collection of drosophila melanogaster pupae and feeding and parasitizing of japanese fine hair loop gall wasps:
and (3) placing the culture dish after egg collection in the step (1) in a ventilated empty container to feed the culture dish until 2-instar larvae appear.
The feeding and parasitizing of the fruit fly parasitic wasps are as follows:
1) a 5L square transparent plastic tank is used as a bee breeding tank, 1/3 which is close to the tank bottom in the bee breeding tank is divided into a living area for placing vitamins and abundant materials and concentrating parasitic bees during operation, 2/3 which is close to the tank opening is divided into an operating area which is normally empty and used for parasitic and separation operations involving frequent taking and placing, and the tank opening is provided with a gauze or a sleeve to prevent the parasitic bees from escaping; when the tank opening is opened, the transparent tank bottom is always aligned;
2) introducing 50 pairs of sexually mature Japanese fine hair ring gall wasps into a wasp breeding tank, and irradiating: feeding in constant temperature and humidity environment with darkness of 10h, temperature of 23 + -1 deg.C and RH of 50%, waiting for 24h, mating thoroughly, placing culture dish containing Drosophila melanogaster 2-instar larva in the operation area, and parasitizing for 24 h.
Taking out the culture dish, and placing the culture dish in a ventilated empty container for breeding until mature larvae appear;
3) placing a culture medium for collecting the posted mature larvae of the drosophila melanogaster containing the broken-wing strain into a device for collecting the mature larvae and pupae of the drosophila melanogaster, placing the device at 27 +/-2 ℃, 80 +/-5% humidity and 24h for culturing, climbing out of a square box by the eclosion mature larvae, falling off from an outer brim, climbing into a gap between the square box and the wall of a filter paper funnel with dark light along the filter paper funnel, descending to a light gradient space at the bottom of the insect collecting funnel, and falling onto insect collecting tissues or drawers in the middle of an insect collecting groove through an insect inlet; replacing new collected insect paper extraction every 12h to collect new mature larvae and prepupa; collecting the insect tissues, folding the insect tissues into a paper bag, placing the paper bag in a dark and breathable box for 6 hours, and stopping crawling after all the mature larvae pupate;
4) and weighing pupa paper by using a precision balance according to the thousand-grain weight of the melanogaster pupae of about 1.9, and deducting the weight of the paper extraction to calculate the rough number of the residual wing strain melanogaster pupae in the pupa paper.
The device for collecting the aged larvae and pupae of the drosophila melanogaster comprises a square box vertically arranged in a paper funnel, the lower end of the paper funnel extends to the top in a drawer cabinet, the paper funnel is conical, an arc-shaped pest collecting seam is formed at the contact position of the lower end of the square box and the inner wall of the paper funnel, three layers are arranged in the drawer cabinet, and respectively comprise a light gradient layer, a pest collecting layer and a cleaning layer, wherein the two pest collecting layers are provided with drawers, the light gradient layer is vertically communicated, a pest collecting groove is fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the pest collecting drawer of the pest collecting layer, and pest collecting paper is filled in the pest collecting groove; the upper end of the square box is fixedly provided with an outer brim along the periphery thereof; a round hole connected with the lower end of the paper funnel is formed in the center of the upper end of the drawer cabinet, a pest collecting funnel is arranged right below the round hole and is fixedly connected to the peripheral wall of the round hole through the upper end of the pest collecting funnel to be in seamless communication with the paper funnel, and the pest collecting funnel is in an inverted round platform shape; the bottom in the cleaning layer is fixedly provided with a standby insect collecting groove which is on the same axis with the insect collecting groove, and standby insect collecting paper is padded in the standby insect collecting groove.
(3) Separating the fruit fly parasitic wasp and the non-parasitic drosophila melanogaster;
and (3) placing the pupa paper with parasitic bee pupas and non-parasitic drosophila melanogaster pupas obtained in the step (2) into a ventilated empty container, collecting the imagoes of the remnant wing strain drosophila melanogaster by using a pest sucker after the drosophila melanogaster eclosion, putting the imagoes back into a breeding cage or an egg collecting cage of the drosophila melanogaster, and taking out the pupa paper. Because the eclosion time of the fly pupae of the anopheline melanogaster which is not parasitized is greatly earlier than that of the fly pupae of the anopheline melanogaster which is parasitized by the parasitized bees, when a large amount of the drosophila melanogaster eclosion, the time difference can be utilized for separation.
(4) The quantity and the ratio of fruit fly parasitic wasps are controlled:
1) placing the pupa paper after host separation in the step (3) in an operation area of a bee breeding tank, wherein the emergence time of the male bees is earlier than that of the female bees, after the male bees begin to emerge in a large amount, the tank bottom is aligned, most of the male bees are separated to a living area by utilizing the phototaxis of the male bees, and then the pupa paper is taken out, wherein the bee breeding tank is called as a 'male bee tank', namely the bee breeding tank is used for breed conservation and breeding of the male bees;
2) transferring the pupa paper into an operation area of a new bee breeding tank, and after parasitic bees are all emerged, the bee breeding tank is called as a new bee breeding tank, namely, the bee breeding tank is used for breeding parasitic bees of a new generation;
3) when the number of the drone in the new bee breeding tank is too small, the drone is sucked from the drone tank by using a trematode device for adding, and the ratio of the number of the female bees to the number of the male bees is regulated to be 1: 1; when the total number of the heads in the new bee breeding tanks is too much or too little, the trematode is used for mutual transfer among the new bee breeding tanks, and the total number of the heads of parasitic bees is regulated to be between 50 and 200.
Since female bees of the Japanese fine hair ring gall wasps have longer lives than male bees, the proportion of male bees in a breeding pot (hereinafter referred to as "old breeding pot") having a longer rearing time after emergence may decrease. At the same time, the required number can be roughly calculated, and the drone is sucked from the drone tank by the trematode device and added into the old bee tank. In the operations such as expanding propagation and the like after the step, artificial tank building is not needed for expanding propagation of Japanese fine hair ring gall wasps, and the obtained new and old bee pots can be directly used.
(5) Releasing fruit fly parasitic wasps:
releasing in adult period, transferring pupa paper separated from host in step (3) into a new bee breeding tank, namely a release tank, after all parasitic bees emerge, taking the release tank to field, and opening the cover to release.
(6) Escape-proof facility of mutant drosophila melanogaster incapable of flying
A ring of annular ditch with the width of 5cm is arranged on the ground around a region for propagating, taking eggs and separating hosts of the drosophila melanogaster, and the ditch is filled with an aqueous solution containing 1wt.% of washing powder.
Comparative example 1:
300 pairs of fully mated drosophila melanogaster which had been allowed to emerge for about one week were introduced into culture flasks containing drosophila melanogaster medium. The fruit flies were taken out after incubation for 48h at 27 ℃. After pupation begins, 15 male and 60 female sexual mature drosophila hammer angle muskmelon are introduced into a culture flask, and the culture flask is illuminated: feeding in dark at 23 + -1 deg.C and RH of 50% for 48h in constant temperature and humidity environment for 10h:14h, and removing parasitic wasps. And after the drosophila melanogaster in the tank is completely eclosized, removing the drosophila melanogaster. And after all the parasitic wasps in the tank emerge, collecting the parasitic wasps.
Comparative example 2:
300 pairs of fully mated drosophila melanogaster which had been allowed to emerge for about one week were introduced into culture flasks containing drosophila melanogaster medium. The fruit flies were taken out after incubation for 48h at 27 ℃. 50 pairs of Japanese fine hair ring gall wasps were introduced into the culture flask and irradiated: feeding in dark at 23 + -1 deg.C and RH of 50% for 48h in constant temperature and humidity environment for 10h:14h, and removing parasitic wasps. And after the drosophila melanogaster in the tank is completely eclosized, removing the drosophila melanogaster. And after all the parasitic wasps in the tank emerge, collecting the parasitic wasps.
The implementation effect is as follows:
by adopting the method, each dish of culture medium is put into an egg collecting cage with 300 pairs of adult drosophila melanogaster for 48h and then taken out, and under the condition that 1 dish of culture medium containing aged larvae is added into a collecting device every day, the pupa collecting amount is 1628 per day (N = 10).
Using the method described in the comparative example, the parasitism rate, bee emergence rate, and oestrogen rate of drosophila hammer wasps on drosophila melanogaster pupae were 90.4%, 90.7%, and 68.6%, respectively (N = 10). By adopting the method, the parasitic rate, the bee emergence rate and the female production rate of the drosophila hammer angle muskmelon on drosophila melanogaster pupae are respectively 99.6%, 90.3% and 70.2% (N = 10). The two have no significant difference in bee production rate and female production rate. The method of the present invention has significant advantages in terms of parasitic rates. Also, with the method described in the comparative example, the survival rate of drosophila hammer angle muskmelon after one parasite was only 37.5% (N = 10). By adopting the method, the survival rate of the fruit fly hornet wasps after being parasitized once is 96.2 percent (N = 10), and the longest life of the female insects can reach 90 days under the condition of being parasitized for 1 time per week and being parasitized for 3 weeks continuously.
Using the method described in the comparative example, the parasitism rate, bee emergence rate and female birth rate of the japanese fine hair loop gall wasp for drosophila melanogaster larvae were 94.7%, 91.0% and 47.2%, respectively (N = 10). With the method of the present invention, the parasitism rate, bee emergence rate and female birth rate of the Japanese fine hair loop gall wasp on drosophila melanogaster larvae were 99.4%, 90.0% and 49.1%, respectively (N = 10). The two have no significant difference in bee production rate and female production rate. The method of the present invention has significant advantages in terms of parasitic rates. With the method described in the comparative example, the survival rate of japanese fine hair loop gall wasp after once parasitizing was only 65.0% (N = 10). By adopting the method, the survival rate of the Japanese fine hair loop gall wasp after being parasitized once is 90.6 percent (N = 10), and the life of the female insect can reach 60 days at most under the condition of being parasitized 1 time per week and being parasitized for 3 weeks continuously.
With the method described in the comparative example, it is necessary to perform a collecting operation on the parental fruit flies, the parental parasitic wasps, the offspring fruit flies and the offspring parasitic wasps scattered in the culture flask, respectively, for the purpose of complete removal from the flask. By adopting the method, only the culture dish or pupa paper with the eggs needs to be moved, thereby greatly saving the workload of manual operation.
By adopting the method described in the comparative example, female bees and male bees with proper ratio need to be manually selected in each generation, but by adopting the method described in the invention, firstly, the female rate is quite close to the requirement, and secondly, the sex ratio can be conveniently regulated and controlled by using a male bee pot and a trematode device. In conclusion, the invention has stronger protection effect on the parents of parasitic wasps such as fruit fly hornet and Japanese pilus loop gall wasp, and greatly saves the workload, thereby achieving the purpose of large-scale continuous production.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for mass production of fruit fly parasitic wasps by using drosophila melanogaster is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) expanding propagation and egg picking of drosophila melanogaster;
(2) collecting pupa of drosophila melanogaster and feeding and parasitizing drosophila melanogaster parasitism;
(3) separating the fruit fly parasitic wasp and the non-parasitic drosophila melanogaster;
(4) controlling the quantity and the sex ratio of fruit fly parasitic wasps;
(5) releasing fruit fly parasitic wasps;
(6) escape-proof facility of mutant drosophila melanogaster which can not fly.
2. The method for mass production of drosophila melanogaster parasitoid by using drosophila melanogaster according to claim 1, wherein the propagation and egg collection of drosophila melanogaster are as follows: introducing the initial seed flies into a breeding cage for propagation, placing water and adult feed in an egg collecting cage, sucking 200-400 pairs of seed flies from the breeding cage by using a pest sucker, and introducing the seed flies into the egg collecting cage for breeding; when egg collection is needed, placing a culture dish filled with culture medium in an egg collection cage for 48 hours to collect enough eggs; the adult feed is yeast extract: the mass ratio of the sucrose is 1: 5.
3. The method for mass production of drosophila parasitifer by drosophila melanogaster according to claim 1, wherein the collection of drosophila melanogaster pupae is specifically:
(1) placing the collected culture medium containing the drosophila melanogaster eggs in an air-permeable empty container to be raised until mature larvae appear, placing the culture medium containing the drosophila melanogaster mature larvae in a device for collecting the drosophila melanogaster mature larvae and pupae, placing the device under the illumination of 27 +/-2 ℃, 80 +/-5% of humidity and 24 hours for culture, enabling the mature larvae to climb out of a square box, fall off from the outer eaves, climb into the gap between the square box and the wall of a filter paper funnel with dark light along the filter paper funnel, descend to the light gradient space at the bottom of the insect collecting funnel, and fall on the insect collecting paper in the middle of an insect collecting groove through an insect inlet; replacing new collected insect paper extraction every 6-24h to collect new mature larva and prepupa; folding the collected insect paper extraction paper into a paper bag, placing the paper bag in a dark and breathable box for 6 hours, and stopping crawling after all the mature larvae pupate;
(2) and weighing pupa paper by using a precision balance according to the thousand-grain weight of the melanogaster pupae, and deducting the weight of the paper extraction to calculate the rough number of the melanogaster pupae in the pupa paper.
4. The method for mass production of fruit fly parasitoid wasps by using black drosophila melanogaster as claimed in claim 3, wherein said device for collecting aged larvae and pupae of black drosophila melanogaster is a square box vertically placed in a paper funnel, the lower end of said paper funnel extends to the top of the drawer cabinet, said paper funnel is tapered, the contact part of the lower end of said square box and the inner wall of said paper funnel forms an arc-shaped insect collecting slot, said drawer cabinet is internally provided with three layers, from top to bottom, respectively, a light gradient layer, and an insect collecting layer and a cleaning layer both provided with drawers, said light gradient layer is vertically through, the bottom of the insect collecting drawer of said insect collecting layer is fixedly provided with an insect collecting groove, and said insect collecting groove is internally filled with insect collecting paper; the upper end of the square box is fixedly provided with an outer brim along the periphery thereof; a round hole connected with the lower end of the paper funnel is formed in the center of the upper end of the drawer cabinet, a pest collecting funnel is arranged right below the round hole and is fixedly connected to the peripheral wall of the round hole through the upper end of the pest collecting funnel to be in seamless communication with the paper funnel, and the pest collecting funnel is in an inverted round platform shape; the bottom in the cleaning layer is fixedly provided with a standby insect collecting groove which is on the same axis with the insect collecting groove, and standby insect collecting paper is padded in the standby insect collecting groove.
5. The method for mass production of drosophila melanogaster parasitism using drosophila melanogaster according to claim 1, wherein the feeding and parasitism of drosophila melanogaster parasitism are:
(1) a 5L square transparent plastic tank is used as a bee breeding tank, 1/3 which is close to the tank bottom in the bee breeding tank is divided into a living area for placing vitamins and abundant materials and concentrating parasitic bees during operation, 2/3 which is close to the tank opening is divided into an operating area which is normally empty and used for parasitic and separation operations involving frequent taking and placing, and the tank opening is provided with a gauze or a sleeve to prevent the parasitic bees from escaping; when the tank opening is opened, the transparent tank bottom is always aligned;
(2) introducing a plurality of pairs of sexually mature parasitic wasps into the wasp breeding tank, and illuminating: feeding in constant temperature and humidity environment with darkness of 10h, temperature of 23 + -1 deg.C and relative humidity of 50%, waiting for 24-48h for sufficient mating, and placing pupa or larva to be parasitized in the operation area for 24 h.
6. The method for mass production of drosophila melanogaster parasitism by drosophila melanogaster according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the parasitism is larval parasitism, feeding and parasitism of drosophila melanogaster parasitism are firstly carried out, and then collection of drosophila melanogaster pupae is carried out: taking the culture dish after egg collection in the step (1), putting the culture dish in an air-permeable empty container to be raised to the age suitable for parasitism, putting the culture dish in an operation area in a bee breeding tank, taking out the culture dish after parasitism is carried out for 24 hours, putting the culture dish in the air-permeable empty container to be raised until mature larvae appear, and then collecting the pupae on pupa paper according to a method for collecting the pupae of the drosophila melanogaster;
or when the pupa parasitic wasp is used, the collection of the pupa of the drosophila melanogaster is firstly carried out, and then the feeding and the parasitizing of the drosophila melanogaster parasitic wasp are carried out: collecting pupa paper with a proper amount of pupas after counting, opening an operation area placed in a bee breeding tank, and taking out the pupa paper after parasitizing for 24 h.
7. The method for mass production of drosophila melanogaster parasitism using drosophila melanogaster according to claim 1, wherein the separation of drosophila melanogaster parasitism and the unparasitized drosophila melanogaster: placing the pupa paper with parasitic bee pupas and unparasitized drosophila melanogaster pupas obtained in the step (2) into a ventilated empty container, waiting for all the eclosion melanogaster imagoes in the container to die due to hunger and thirst, and then taking out the pupa paper; or collecting the imagoes by using a trematode device, putting the imagoes back into a breeding cage or an egg collecting cage of the drosophila melanogaster, and then taking out pupa paper.
8. The method for mass production of drosophila melanogaster parasitism using drosophila melanogaster according to claim 1, wherein the quantity and ratio of drosophila parasitism is controlled as follows:
(1) placing the pupa paper after host separation in the step (3) in an operation area of a bee breeding tank, wherein the emergence time of the male bees is earlier than that of the female bees, after the male bees begin to emerge in a large amount, the tank bottom is aligned, most of the male bees are separated to a living area by utilizing the phototaxis of the male bees, and then the pupa paper is taken out, wherein the bee breeding tank is called as a 'male bee tank', namely used for breeding the male bees;
(2) transferring the pupa paper into an operation area of a new bee breeding tank, and after parasitic bees are all emerged, the bee breeding tank is called as a new bee breeding tank, namely, the bee breeding tank is used for breeding parasitic bees of a new generation;
(3) when the number of the drone in a new bee breeding tank is too small, the drone is sucked from the drone tank by using a trematode device for adding, and the ratio of the number of the female bees to the number of the male bees is regulated; when the total number of the heads in the new bee breeding tanks is too much or too little, the trematode is used for mutual transfer among the new bee breeding tanks.
9. The method for mass production of drosophila parasitifer by drosophila melanogaster according to claim 1, wherein the release of drosophila parasitifer is: release is carried out in the pupal stage: placing the pupa paper tape obtained after host separation in the step (3) in a field, placing the pupa paper tape in a dry and rain-sheltering area, and waiting for the parasitic wasp to emerge; or releasing in an adult stage, collectively transferring pupa paper separated from the hosts in the step (3) into a new bee breeding tank, namely a release tank, after all parasitic bees emerge, bringing the release tank into the field, and opening the cover to release.
10. The method for mass production of drosophila melanogaster parasitism by using drosophila melanogaster as claimed in claim 1, wherein the escape-proof device of the mutant drosophila melanogaster is characterized in that when the mutant drosophila melanogaster is not flying, a ring-shaped ditch or water tank with a width of 3-50cm is arranged on the ground around the separation region of the breeding, egg taking and host of the mutant drosophila melanogaster, and the ditch or water tank is filled with the aqueous solution containing the surfactant.
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