CN103843726B - A kind of artificial propagation fly pupa hires the method for chalcid fly - Google Patents
A kind of artificial propagation fly pupa hires the method for chalcid fly Download PDFInfo
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- CN103843726B CN103843726B CN201410057585.0A CN201410057585A CN103843726B CN 103843726 B CN103843726 B CN 103843726B CN 201410057585 A CN201410057585 A CN 201410057585A CN 103843726 B CN103843726 B CN 103843726B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that artificial propagation fly pupa hires chalcid fly, the use mode of raising in cages is raised housefly and is become fly, lure housefly to lay eggs with water content 65% wheat bran as base-material of laying eggs, the Eggs of Musca Domestica Vicina of base-material of laying eggs is collected raising and obtains mature larvae, mature larvae is collected and is pupated to obtain housefly pupa; In reproducing cage, introduce fly pupa hire chalcid fly queen bee, and by the number ratio of 1:10, housefly pupa is put in mesh screen, then put into reproducing cage, collect the housefly pupa of being hired chalcid fly queen bee parasitism by fly pupa; Be placed in bee-keeping cage by the housefly pupa of parasitism by what obtain, when it sprouts wings into fly pupa servant chalcid fly, fly pupa hired chalcid fly and expels into collection cage from housefly pupa surface, fly pupa can be obtained and hire chalcid fly.Advantage of the present invention is, the employing mode of raising in cages is raised housefly and is become fly, breeding fly pupa servant chalcid fly and collect fly pupa to hire chalcid fly, effectively can prevent the escape of parasitic wasp and host housefly, realize the artificial propagation that fly pupa hires chalcid fly easily, the damage of fly pupa being hired to chalcid fly is little, promotes reproductive efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fly pupa and hire chalcid fly cultural technique field, particularly a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa hires the method for chalcid fly.
Background technology
Fly type pests is the multiple melon and fruit agricultural products important pests aborning such as red bayberry, cherry, oranges and tangerines, balsam pear, the fruit come to the ripening period, qualitative change is soft, aromatic flavour, lures female fly to lay eggs on fruit, larva moth food harm fruit after hatching, fruit fruit shape of being injured is poor, and fruit juice is excessive, easy shedding, cause that product qualitative change is bad, production declining, have a strong impact on marketing fresh, storage and processing.
Parasitic wasp is utilized to be a kind of improvement insect method of green non-pollution to the method that target pest carries out biological control.The breeding of parasitic wasp relies on the specific worm state of target pest, can not make a significant impact other composition in the ecosystem, free from environmental pollution, can not have an impact safely to ecotope and fruit; On the other hand, remain suitable and entrust one's child to the care of sb. density, can for a long time by the Risk health behavior of insect below economic threshold.Compare with cultural control method with the physical control such as chemical prevention and control method, fly net method such as use agricultural chemicals etc., use parasitic wasp to insect carry out biological control have easy and simple to handle, safety is high, continuation good and the significant advantage such as low cost.
Multiple parasitic wasp is there is in fly type pests at natural world, if application number is 201210069779.3 Chinese patents being called " rearing method of a kind of red bayberry garden fruit bat and the step of raising parasitism thereof ", provide a kind of method of breeding fly pupa tiny golden wasp by breeding fruit bat recycling fruit housefly pupa and control causing harm of red bayberry garden Drosophila melanogaster.Fly pupa hires the common parasitic honeybee that chalcid fly is also the trypetid classes such as Drosophila melanogaster, citrus fruit fly, melon trypetid and fruit bat class pest, and this parasitic wasp belongs to Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae, is worldwide dispersed species.Compared with existing fly pupa tiny golden wasp, fly pupa is hired chalcid fly and is had stronger brill soil ability (Geden C., 2002, Environmental Entomology, 31:411-417), and the position of pupating of fly type pests is usually more hidden, to in the control of fly type pests, fly pupa is hired chalcid fly and is thus had more significant advantage relatively, fly pupa hires chalcid fly commercialization abroad, is applied to control (Xu Xuenong and Wang Endong, 2007 to the fly type pests such as housefly and fruit bat, Chinese biological is prevented and treated, 23:373-338).Comparatively strong owing to boring native ability, fly pupa is hired chalcid fly and is also had and stronger be attached to pupa surface energy, more difficultly when breeding is separated with host housefly pupa, is the good selection as the parasitic wasp preventing insect pest.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the present situation for prior art, provides easy to operate, Neng Gou
Effectively prevent the escape of parasitic wasp and host housefly in reproductive process, and can effectively collect fly pupa hire chalcid fly a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa hire the method for chalcid fly.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme:
Artificial propagation fly pupa hires a method for chalcid fly, comprises the following steps:
Step one, obtain housefly pupa: use the mode of raising in cages to raise housefly and become fly, raise after 5 days to 10 days, lure housefly to lay eggs with water content 65% wheat bran as base-material of laying eggs, take out base-material of laying eggs after 12 hours, the housefly expelling base-material surface of laying eggs becomes fly and changes base-material of laying eggs; The Eggs of Musca Domestica Vicina hatching breeding of base-material attachment of laying eggs is obtained mature larvae, mature larvae is collected in box of pupating and pupates, obtain housefly pupa;
Step 2, breeding fly pupa hires chalcid fly: use the mode of raising in cages to breed fly pupa and hire chalcid fly, introduce fly pupa and hire chalcid fly queen bee, and be placed with culture dish in reproducing cage, put the rayon balls being moistened with 10% hydromel in this culture dish in reproducing cage; The housefly pupa obtained in step one is placed in mesh screen by every day, and puts into reproducing cage, and the number ratio that the housefly pupa put into and fly pupa hire chalcid fly queen bee is 10:1; After 24 hours, expel the fly pupa being attached to described housefly pupa surface and hire chalcid fly queen bee, take out mesh screen and collect by the housefly pupa of parasitism, changing housefly pupa and hydromel rayon balls;
Step 3, collect fly pupa and hire chalcid fly: use bee-keeping cage to collect fly pupa and hire chalcid fly, the housefly pupa collected in step 2 is placed in bee-keeping cage, to be placed in bee-keeping cage together with mesh screen by the housefly pupa of parasitism after 1 week, when it sprouts wings into fly pupa servant chalcid fly, fly pupa is hired chalcid fly expels into collection cage from housefly pupa surface, can obtain fly pupa and hire chalcid fly.
For optimizing technique scheme, the concrete measure taked also comprises:
Above-mentioned step one also comprises:
First foster fly cage is made into 50 object nylon wires, the side opening of supporting fly cage is provided with circular open, this circular open place compact siro spinning technology one nylon wire sleeve, support in fly cage and place two plastic cups, one of them is for putting feed, another is for discharging water, and in foster fly cage, puts 800 in a suitable place to breed become fly to 1200 boss flies;
After housefly becomes fly to raise 5 days to 10 days, the culture dish being placed with base-material of laying eggs is put near nylon wire sleeve place in foster fly cage, after 12 hours, uses cold wind hair dryer dry and rock culture dish, the housefly expelling base-material surface of laying eggs becomes fly to enter foster fly cage, and changes in culture dish base-material of laying eggs;
The base-material of laying eggs being attached with Eggs of Musca Domestica Vicina is placed in shallow plastic basin, using water content 65% wheat bran as larvae feeds, raise after 4 days to 5 days, the thin out yellow of larvae color is about to pupate, shallow plastic basin surface is scalped without the feed of larva, remaining mature larva is poured in stainless steel mesh screen together with feed, is aided with illumination and sprinkles water;
Collect mature larvae and mature larvae is placed in box of pupating and pupate.
Above-mentioned mature larvae is after pupating to pupate in box, and part housefly pupa is used as emergence housefly and becomes fly to add in foster fly cage, and remainder housefly pupa is used for breeding fly pupa and hires chalcid fly.
Above-mentioned cold wind hair dryer is dried or is dried across nylon wire in nylon wire sleeve.
Reproducing cage in above-mentioned step 2 is made up of 100 order nylon wires, reproducing cage one side opening, and connects a nylon wire bagging at opening part.
In above-mentioned step 2, mesh screen is made up of 14 order nylon wires, and mesh screen is structure conically, and its top is provided with circular open.
Use cold air blower to dry in above-mentioned step 2 and rock the method for mesh screen, expelling the fly pupa being attached to housefly pupa surface and hire chalcid fly queen bee.
In above-mentioned step 3 before collection is by the housefly pupa of parasitism, expel not by parasitic and the housefly that sprouts wings becomes fly.
Cold air blower is used to dry in above-mentioned step 3 and the method for mesh screen of rocking in bee-keeping cage expels not that the housefly that sprouts wings becomes fly by success is parasitic.
It is above-mentioned that by success is parasitic, the housefly that sprouts wings does not become fly to become fly or heat to put to death for the housefly in replenish step one.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is hired chalcid fly by acquisition housefly pupa, breeding fly pupa and is collected fly pupa servant chalcid fly and completes artificial propagation fly pupa servant chalcid fly, three above-mentioned steps all adopt the mode of raising in cages to carry out, the escape of parasitic wasp and host housefly can be effectively prevent, what guarantee was propagated artificially normally carries out, and can collect fly pupa servant chalcid fly easily.
In addition, the present invention also has the following advantages:
(1) when collector's fly blow, utilize cold air blower to dry and rock the culture dish holding base-material of laying eggs, resting on fly cage opening part nylon wire sleeve easily and the housefly of base-material surface attachment of laying eggs becomes fly to expel, preventing the housefly of foster fly cage from escaping;
(2) use bee-keeping cage to raise fly pupa and hire chalcid fly, bee-keeping cage can expand as required, and raising scale is large;
(3) be put in mesh screen by host housefly pupa and be placed in breeding cage again, fly pupa hires chalcid fly by the parasitic housefly pupa of mesh screen upper and lower surface, can improve parasitic efficiency;
(4) when changing housefly pupa, only need to use cold air blower dry and rock the mode of mesh screen, expel fly pupa in mesh screen and hire chalcid fly and the parasitic wasp screening out torpor enters in breeding cage, damage little to parasitic wasp;
(5) when collecting fly pupa servant chalcid fly, cold air blower is used to dry and the mode of rocking mesh screen expels the housefly sprouted wings because of unsuccessful parasitism becomes fly, when fly pupa hires little bee eclosion, recycling cold air blower is dried and rocks the mode of mesh screen, expulsion fly pupa hires chalcid fly in cage, realize fly pupa hire chalcid fly and housefly pupa quick, be efficiently separated, collection process is less to parasitic wasp damage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of reproducing cage in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment as shown in Figure 1,
Figure grade illustrates: reproducing cage framework 1, reproducing cage purse seine 2, nylon wire bagging 3, culture dish 4, rayon balls 5, mesh screen 6, handle 7.
A kind of artificial propagation fly of the present invention pupa hires the method for chalcid fly, mainly comprises following three steps:
(1) obtain housefly pupa, (2) breeding fly pupa hires chalcid fly, and (3) are collected fly pupa and hired chalcid fly.
Step one: obtain housefly pupa.
First make and support fly cage, build long × wide × high foster fly cage framework for 50cm × 50cm × 50cm with No. 14 iron wires, and make the foster fly cage purse seine of foster fly cage at foster fly cage framework external application 50 object nylon wire, and make foster fly cage; Offering footpath always in the side of this foster fly cage is the circular hole of 20cm, at this circular hole place compact siro spinning technology nylon wire sleeve.
Raise housefly when becoming fly, the plastic cup of 2 200mL is placed in foster fly cage, a plastic cup is used for holding raises into the sugar of fly and the mixed food of milk powder, another plastic cup is used for being filled with water, after housefly becomes the food of fly and water all ready, the housefly connecing 1000 in foster fly cage becomes fly, and housefly becomes the quantity of fly can to make adjustment according to raising situation at that time.
Become fly to raise after about 1 week until housefly, to be put in as base-material of laying eggs with water content 65% wheat bran in the culture dish of a 9cm and to lure housefly to lay eggs, this culture dish is put in the nearly nylon wire sleeve place of foster fly cage; After 12 hours, use cold wind hair dryer dry and rock culture dish, the housefly expelling base-material surface of laying eggs becomes fly to enter foster fly cage; After culture dish is taken out in foster fly cage, take out the base-material of laying eggs being attached with Eggs of Musca Domestica Vicina, and replace with new base-material of laying eggs.When using cold wind hair dryer, cold wind hair dryer to be placed in nylon wire sleeve blowing or to support in fly cage from extroversion across nylon wire and dry, the wind speed of cold wind hair dryer is adjustable.
The base-material of laying eggs being attached with Eggs of Musca Domestica Vicina is placed in the shallow plastic basin of diameter 40cm, using water content 65% wheat bran as larvae feeds, raise after 4-5 days, the thin out yellow of larvae color is about to pupate, shallow plastic basin surface is scalped without the feed of larva, it is in 8 object stainless steel mesh screens that remaining mature larva pours screen distance into together with feed, is aided with illumination and sprinkles water.
Collect mature larvae and mature larvae is placed in box of pupating and pupate, thus obtain housefly pupa.Part housefly pupa can be used as emergence housefly and become fly, becomes fly in order to supplement the housefly supporting fly cage, and namely remaining housefly pupa is used for breeding fly pupa and hires chalcid fly.
Step 2: breeding fly pupa hires chalcid fly.
Make reproducing cage, long × wide × high reproducing cage framework 1 for 60cm × 30cm × 30cm is made with No. 14 iron wires, make reproducing cage purse seine 2, a lateral opening of this reproducing cage purse seine 2 at reproducing cage framework 1 external application 100 object nylon wire, dock a nylon wire bagging 3 at opening part.
In reproducing cage, put into the culture dish 4 that puts the rayon balls 5 being moistened with 10% hydromel, and in reproducing cage, introduce fly pupa servant chalcid fly queen bee, 10% hydromel hires the food of chalcid fly queen bee as fly pupa; The housefly pupa obtained in step one is put into a mesh screen 6, then puts into reproducing cage; Introduce fly pupa to hire chalcid fly queen bee and after putting into housefly pupa, tighten nylon wire cover sack with fine rule.The fly pupa introduced hires the quantity of chalcid fly queen bee and the number ratio of housefly pupa is 1:10, introduces fly pupa here and hires chalcid fly queen bee 100, put into housefly pupa 1000 in mesh screen 6.Mesh screen 6 conically structure, basal diameter is 20cm, high 10cm, and top end opening diameter is 5cm, and this mesh screen 6 is made up of 14 order nylon wires, mesh screen 6 is provided with handle 7.
Fly pupa servant chalcid fly queen bee and housefly pupa are put into reproducing cage, after parasitic 24h, cold air blower is used to dry and rock mesh screen 6, after expelling the fly pupa servant chalcid fly queen bee being attached to housefly pupa surface, take out mesh screen 6, collect by the housefly pupa of parasitism, the housefly pupa simultaneously more renewed and the rayon balls 5 being moistened with 10% hydromel; In breeding process, fly pupa hires chalcid fly queen bee meeting cause death and quantity reduces, and now, supplements fly pupa hire chalcid fly queen bee by nylon wire cover sack.When using cold air blower, wind speed size can be regulated as required, drying across nylon wire outside reproducing cage or drying at nylon wire bagging 3, can effectively prevent fly pupa from hiring the escape of chalcid fly queen bee.
Step 3: collect fly pupa and hire chalcid fly.
The housefly pupa collected in reproducing cage is placed in a bee-keeping cage together with mesh screen 6,1 week rear section housefly pupa housefly because not sprouted wings by success parasitism and becomes fly, use cold air blower to dry and rock the mesh screen 6 in bee-keeping cage, fly is become to collect the housefly in bee-keeping cage, the housefly of collecting becomes a fly part to introduce foster fly cage and becomes fly for the housefly in replenish step one, and remaining housefly becomes fly heat to put to death.
Collect do not sprout wings housefly become fly by parasitic housefly pupa, be placed in a bee-keeping cage together with mesh screen 6, in time sprouting wings into fly pupa in a large number and hire chalcid fly, use cold air blower dry and rock mesh screen 6, fly pupa is hired chalcid fly expels into collection cage from housefly pupa surface, can obtain a large amount of fly pupa and hire chalcid fly.
The fly pupa obtained is hired chalcid fly and is raised for next step; Also can be directly used in field by parasitic housefly pupa to hang for prevention target insect or stored refrigerated.
Above-mentioned steps all completes in this example in climatic cabinate, and temperature is about 25 DEG C, relative moisture is about 60%, intensity of illumination is 2000lux, photoperiod L:D is 12:12; In this example, every reproducing cage can obtain the housefly pupa 500-800 head of being hired chalcid fly parasitism by fly pupa every day.
Most preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, and the various change made by those of ordinary skill in the art or remodeling all can not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. artificial propagation fly pupa hires a method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step one, obtain housefly pupa: use the mode of raising in cages to raise housefly and become fly, raise after 5 days to 10 days, lure housefly to lay eggs with water content 65% wheat bran as base-material of laying eggs, take out base-material of laying eggs after 12 hours, the housefly expelling base-material surface of laying eggs becomes fly and changes base-material of laying eggs; The Eggs of Musca Domestica Vicina hatching breeding of base-material attachment of laying eggs is obtained mature larvae, mature larvae is collected in box of pupating and pupates, obtain housefly pupa;
Step 2, breeding fly pupa hires chalcid fly: use the mode of raising in cages to breed fly pupa and hire chalcid fly, introduce fly pupa in reproducing cage and hire chalcid fly queen bee, and in reproducing cage, be placed with culture dish (4), in this culture dish (4), put the rayon balls (5) being moistened with 10% hydromel; The housefly pupa obtained in step one is placed in mesh screen (6) by every day, and puts into reproducing cage, and the number ratio that the housefly pupa put into and fly pupa hire chalcid fly queen bee is 10:1; After 24 hours, expel the fly pupa being attached to described housefly pupa surface and hire chalcid fly queen bee, take out mesh screen (6) and collect by the housefly pupa of parasitism, changing housefly pupa and hydromel rayon balls;
Step 3, collect fly pupa and hire chalcid fly: use bee-keeping cage to collect fly pupa and hire chalcid fly, the housefly pupa collected in step 2 is placed in bee-keeping cage, to be placed in bee-keeping cage together with mesh screen by the housefly pupa of parasitism after 1 week, when it sprouts wings into fly pupa servant chalcid fly, fly pupa is hired chalcid fly expels into collection cage from housefly pupa surface, can obtain fly pupa and hire chalcid fly.
2. a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa according to claim 1 hires the method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: described step one also comprises:
First foster fly cage is made into 50 object nylon wires, the side opening of described foster fly cage is provided with circular open, this circular open place compact siro spinning technology one nylon wire sleeve, support in fly cage and place two plastic cups, one of them is for putting feed, another is for discharging water, and in foster fly cage, puts 800 in a suitable place to breed become fly to 1200 boss flies;
After housefly becomes fly to raise 5 days to 10 days, the culture dish being placed with base-material of laying eggs is put near nylon wire sleeve place in foster fly cage, after 12 hours, uses cold wind hair dryer dry and rock culture dish, the housefly expelling base-material surface of laying eggs becomes fly to enter foster fly cage, and changes in culture dish base-material of laying eggs;
The base-material of laying eggs being attached with Eggs of Musca Domestica Vicina is placed in shallow plastic basin, using water content 65% wheat bran as larvae feeds, raise after 4 days to 5 days, the thin out yellow of larvae color is about to pupate, shallow plastic basin surface is scalped without the feed of larva, remaining mature larva is poured in stainless steel mesh screen together with feed, is aided with illumination and sprinkles water;
Collect mature larvae and mature larvae is placed in box of pupating and pupate.
3. a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa according to claim 2 hires the method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: described mature larvae is after pupating to pupate in box, part housefly pupa is used as emergence housefly and becomes fly to add in foster fly cage, and remainder housefly pupa is used for breeding fly pupa and hires chalcid fly.
4. a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa according to claim 2 hires the method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: described cold wind hair dryer is dried or dried across nylon wire in nylon wire sleeve.
5. a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa according to claim 1 hires the method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: the reproducing cage in described step 2 is made up of 100 order nylon wires, described reproducing cage one side opening, and connects a nylon wire bagging (3) at opening part.
6. a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa according to claim 5 hires the method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, mesh screen (6) is made up of 14 order nylon wires, described mesh screen (6) conically structure, its top is provided with circular open.
7. a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa according to claim 6 hires the method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: use cold air blower dry in described step 2 and rock the method for mesh screen (6), expelling the fly pupa servant chalcid fly queen bee being attached to housefly pupa surface.
8. a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa according to claim 1 hires the method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: in described step 3 before collection is by the housefly pupa of parasitism, expels not by parasitic and the housefly that sprouts wings becomes fly.
9. a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa according to claim 8 hires the method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: use cold air blower dry in described step 3 and the method for rocking the mesh screen in bee-keeping cage expels not that the housefly that sprouts wings becomes fly by success parasitism.
10. a kind of artificial propagation fly pupa according to claim 9 hires the method for chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: described by success is parasitic, the housefly that sprouts wings does not become fly to become fly or heat to put to death for the housefly in replenish step one.
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