CN114503885B - Overwintering method for arundo donax seedlings - Google Patents
Overwintering method for arundo donax seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN114503885B CN114503885B CN202210246573.7A CN202210246573A CN114503885B CN 114503885 B CN114503885 B CN 114503885B CN 202210246573 A CN202210246573 A CN 202210246573A CN 114503885 B CN114503885 B CN 114503885B
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- 241001494508 Arundo donax Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 4
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- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0243—Protective shelters for young plants, e.g. tubular sleeves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an overwintering method for arundo donax seedlings. The wintering method of the arundo donax seedlings comprises the following steps: s1, performing fixed cultivation, namely transplanting or stubble cleaning arundo donax seedlings under the condition that the temperature is higher than 0 ℃ before 11 months each year, and transplanting or burying the arundo donax seedlings; s2, carrying out conservation treatment on the arundo donax seedlings by using a conservation facility, wherein the conservation facility at least comprises covering soil or an arch shed so as to carry out heat preservation treatment on the arundo donax seedlings; s3, carrying out overwintering conservation in the period from the completion of the step S2 to the next year when the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and carrying out no treatment in the conservation period; and S4, when the temperature is stably recovered to be more than 10 ℃ in the next year, removing and/or transplanting the giant reed seedlings by the conservation facility, and fully irrigating to realize safe overwintering of the giant reed seedlings. The overwintering method of the giant reed seedlings enables the giant reed seedlings to safely overwinter in situ in the north of China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to an overwintering method for arundo donax seedlings.
Background
Naturally, arundo donax is widely distributed in the warm areas of the tropics, subtropics, temperate zones and other climates, and is a perennial cluster herb. The sterility of seeds is mainly the vegetative propagation of rhizome. The arundo donax is tall and big, the stem is upright and straight, the leaves are wide and big, the root system is developed, the growth speed is high, the stress resistance is strong, and the arundo donax is an excellent grass seed for controlling water and soil loss, preventing wind and fixing sand and raising livestock.
Arundo donax is a carbon three plant (C3 plant), the bundle sheath cells are developed, and the reassignment speed of assimilation products is high. In Shanxi fortune urban area, after the arundo donax seedlings are transplanted and grown for 3 years, under the condition that management conditions such as water and fertilizer are guaranteed, 4-5 times of fresh grass can be harvested in each growing season, the yield of the fresh grass of 15-25 tons/mu is achieved, and the arundo donax seedlings can be fed to chickens, pigs, cows, sheep and the like, and have considerable economic value. In addition, the arundo donax can also be used for producing biomass energy sources such as ethanol and the like, and is the best choice for utilizing marginal soil.
However, in the production and popularization process of the arundo donax seedlings, the situation that new buds or the whole root system is frozen dead in different degrees is found in the long cold winter and the early spring with air temperature fluctuation in the north, so that the seedling supplementing and planting cost of the arundo donax is increased, and the large-area popularization and planting of the arundo donax are influenced.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for wintering the young Arundo donax seedlings to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an overwintering method for arundo donax seedlings, which enables the arundo donax seedlings to safely overwinter in situ in the north of China.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention provides an overwintering method for giant reed seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
S1, performing fixed cultivation, namely transplanting or stubble cleaning arundo donax seedlings under the condition that the temperature is higher than 0 ℃ before 11 months each year, and transplanting or burying the arundo donax seedlings;
s2, carrying out conservation treatment on the arundo donax seedlings by using a conservation facility, wherein the conservation facility at least comprises covering soil or an arch shed so as to carry out heat preservation treatment on the arundo donax seedlings;
s3, carrying out overwintering conservation in the period from the completion of the step S2 to the next year when the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and carrying out no treatment in the conservation period;
and S4, when the temperature is stably recovered to be more than 10 ℃ in the next year, removing and/or transplanting the giant reed seedlings by the conservation facility, and fully irrigating to realize safe overwintering of the giant reed seedlings.
As a further improvement of the invention, the arundo donax seedling is any one of arundo donax tissue, arundo donax self-propagating seedling and arundo donax seedling from different sources.
As a further improvement of the present invention, when the arundo donax seedlings are arundo donax tissues, the step S1 specifically comprises: transplanting a plurality of arundo donax tissues under the condition that the temperature is higher than 5 ℃ before 11 months each year, wherein the arundo donax tissues are arranged in an array, and the plant spacing is more than or equal to 20cm and the row spacing is more than or equal to 30cm when the arundo donax tissues are transplanted.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S2 specifically includes: covering the arundo donax tissues in the step S1 by using covering soil, and arranging an arch shed and a drip irrigation zone, wherein the arch shed is covered on the outer side of an array formed by the arundo donax tissues, and the distance between the outer edge of the arch shed and the edge of the array is more than or equal to 15cm; the drip irrigation belts are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the arundo donax tissues arranged in rows.
As a further improvement of the present invention, when the arundo donax seedling is a self-propagating arundo donax seedling, the step S1 specifically comprises: under the condition that the temperature is higher than 0 ℃ before 11 months each year, vertical stems of the self-propagating seedlings of the arundo donax linn with the length of 200cm and the internode tillers of more than or equal to 15 are selected for transplanting.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S2 specifically includes: and (3) carrying out integral deep burying treatment on the vertical stems by using the covering soil, transplanting or stubble cleaning on the arundo donax seedlings, wherein the burying depth of the vertical stems is 15-20cm, and covering the arundo donax seedlings by using the covering soil.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S4 specifically includes: and when the temperature is stably restored to 10-15 ℃ in the next year, taking out the upright stems, cutting out bud segments between two bud breaking parts by using a branch shear according to internode bud emergence conditions of the upright stems, transplanting the bud segments, wherein the transplanting depth of the bud segments is required to ensure that planting soil covers all buds of the bud segments.
As a further improvement of the present invention, when the arundo donax seedlings are seedlings of different sources of arundo donax, the step S1 specifically comprises: and (3) performing fixed cultivation, namely performing stubble cleaning on seedlings of different sources of arundo donax in the condition that the temperature is higher than 0 ℃ and lower than 5 ℃ before 11 months each year, burying the base stubble obtained after the stubble cleaning of the seedlings of different sources of arundo donax, wherein the stubble remaining height of the base stubble is 10-20 cm.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S2 specifically includes: the cultivation treatment is carried out on the base stubble, the cultivation treatment comprises heat preservation treatment on the base stubble by using covering soil, the covering soil is formed by mixing arundo donax linn covering materials and planting soil, the arundo donax linn covering materials are at least obtained by mixing crushed arundo donax linn plants, leaves and Ha Chimu mould liquid containing 0.1% concentration of bacillus subtilis and 0.1% concentration, and no redundant liquid flows out of the arundo donax linn covering materials after mixing; the planting soil is inter-plant soil between the base stubbles, and when the covering soil covers the base stubbles, the arundo donax covering material is positioned below the planting soil.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S4 specifically includes: and when the temperature is stably recovered to be more than 10 ℃ in the next year, removing and flattening the covering soil covered on the base stubble, and fully irrigating to realize in-situ safe overwintering of seedlings of different sources of the arundo donax linn.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method for overwintering the giant reed seedlings solves the problem of difficult overwintering of the giant reed seedlings by carrying out pretreatment on the giant reed seedlings, carrying out fixed cultivation, conservation and the like in the early stage of overwintering conservation, obviously improves the phenomenon of freezing of new buds or whole roots of the giant reed seedlings, classifies the giant reed seedlings according to the tissue of the giant reed, the self-propagating seedlings of the giant reed and the differentiated overwintering conservation of the seedlings of the giant reed from different sources, achieves the most economical and effective control of the growth environmental conditions, is simple and easy to implement, can ensure that the different kinds of giant reed seedlings can realize safe overwintering, easily realizes the multi-year cultivation of the giant reed seedlings in northern cold areas, and has good popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of overwintering a young giant reed of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In this case, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for overwintering the giant reed seedlings provided by the invention is used for assisting the giant reed seedlings with different growth years, and is safe and overwintering in situ in north of China.
The wintering method of the arundo donax seedlings comprises the following steps:
S1, performing fixed cultivation, namely transplanting or stubble cleaning arundo donax seedlings and transplanting or burying the arundo donax seedlings before 11 months each year and at the temperature higher than 0 ℃;
s2, carrying out conservation treatment on the arundo donax seedlings by using a conservation facility, wherein the conservation facility at least comprises covering soil or an arch shed so as to carry out heat preservation treatment on the arundo donax seedlings;
s3, carrying out overwintering conservation in the period from the completion of the step S2 to the next year when the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and carrying out no treatment in the conservation period;
and S4, when the temperature is stably restored to be more than 10 ℃ in the next year, removing and/or transplanting the giant reed seedlings in the conservation facility, and fully irrigating to realize safe overwintering of the giant reed seedlings.
In the invention, the arundo donax seedling can be any one of arundo donax tissue, arundo donax self-propagating seedling and seedlings from different sources of arundo donax.
The following description will describe in detail the method of overwintering the arundo donax seedlings with respect to their type.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the arundo donax seedlings are arundo donax tissue. Specifically, when the arundo donax seedlings are arundo donax tissues, the overwintering method of the arundo donax seedlings specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, performing fixed cultivation, namely transplanting a plurality of arundo donax tissues under the condition that the temperature is higher than 5 ℃ before 11 months each year, wherein the arundo donax tissues are arranged in an array mode, and the plant spacing is more than or equal to 20cm and the row spacing is more than or equal to 30cm during the transplanting of the arundo donax tissues. In this embodiment, the planting soil used for transplanting the arundo donax tissue may be either sand or clay, and it is only necessary to ensure that the planting soil is flat. Preferably, the planting soil is loam. Further, when the planting soil at the transplanting position of the arundo donax tissues is tidied, the fertilizer is applied to the planting cultivation layer according to the application standard of 200 kg of organic decomposed fertilizer per mu, so that enough nutrients are provided for the overwintering conservation of the arundo donax tissues.
S2, carrying out conservation treatment on the arundo donax tissues by using a conservation facility, wherein the conservation facility comprises covering soil and an arch shed, so as to carry out heat preservation treatment on the arundo donax tissues, the conservation treatment comprises covering the arundo donax tissues by using the covering soil, the arch shed is covered on the outer side of an array formed by the arundo donax tissues, and the distance between the outer edge of the arch shed and the edge of the array is more than or equal to 15cm.
Specifically, the arch shed is formed by surrounding together bamboo boards and plastic films, wherein a plurality of bamboo boards are arranged in parallel, the distance between every two adjacent bamboo boards is more than or equal to 100cm, one end of each bamboo board is inserted at the outer side edge of an array formed by reed tissues, the other end of each bamboo board is inserted at the edge of the other side of the array formed by the reed tissues, the distance between the inserting positions of each bamboo board and the edge of the array formed by the reed tissues is more than or equal to 15cm, so that the bamboo boards are bent together at proper bending degree to form an arch frame, the span of the arch frame is more than or equal to 60cm, and the arch height is more than or equal to 40cm. Further, a plastic film is covered on the arch frame to complete the construction of the arch shed and assist the arundo donax tissues in overwintering conservation.
The drip irrigation belts are arranged at the same time, the plurality of drip irrigation belts are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the arundo donax tissues arranged in rows, and before the arundo donax tissues are subjected to overwintering and conservation, the arundo donax tissues are fully irrigated by the drip irrigation belts so as to ensure that the arundo donax tissues have sufficient water supply during the overwintering and conservation period.
S3, carrying out overwintering conservation in the period from the completion of the step S2 to the next year when the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and carrying out no treatment in the conservation period;
S4, when the temperature is stably restored to be more than 10 ℃ in the next year, removing the arch shed covered on the array formed by the arundo donax tissues, and removing the covering soil covered on the arundo donax tissues; furthermore, the drip irrigation belt is used for fully irrigating the arundo donax tissues, so that the safe overwintering of the arundo donax tissues is realized.
Further, table 1 shows the comparison of the survival rate of the giant reed tissue subjected to overwintering conservation by the method for overwintering the giant reed seedlings of the present example with that of the conventional mode for overwintering at different transplanting times.
TABLE 1 survival rates of Arundo donax tissue at different time of transplantation and over-wintering
The control experiment is to transplant arundo donax tissues in three time periods of 9 months, 4 days, 10 months, 4 days and 11 months in 2020, and to count the survival rate of different overwintering conservation facilities in the early 5 months of 2021. The experimental group is experimental data of overwintering conservation of the giant reed tissue by using the overwintering method of the giant reed seedlings in the embodiment, and the height of the arched shed of the overwintering conservation facility in the experimental group is 40cm. Control group 1 is experimental data for the overwintering conservation of Arundo donax tissue without any overwintering conservation facility. The control group 2 is test data of overwintering conservation of arundo donax tissues by using a overwintering conservation facility covered by a base stubble, wherein the base stubble covering treatment refers to covering the base stubble with arundo donax stems and leaves and soil mixed with bacillus subtilis and Ha Chimu mould, and the covering depth is 10cm.
As shown in Table 1, the overwintering method of the giant reed seedlings of the embodiment is used for assisting the giant reed tissues in overwintering conservation, and the overwintering survival rate of the giant reed tissues can reach 85-95 percent; compared with the overwintering method which adopts covering stubble as the overwintering conservation facility after the overwintering conservation facility is not treated and the stubble is remained, the method has higher survival rate.
Example two
In this embodiment, the arundo donax seedlings are self-propagating seedlings of arundo donax. Specifically, when the arundo donax seedlings are self-propagating arundo donax seedlings, the overwintering method of the arundo donax seedlings specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, fixedly culturing, namely selecting upright stems of the self-propagating seedlings of Arundo donax with the length of 200cm and the internode tillers of more than or equal to 15 to transplant under the condition that the temperature is higher than 0 ℃ before 11 months each year.
S2, carrying out conservation treatment on the self-propagating seedlings of the arundo donax by using a conservation facility, wherein the conservation facility is used for carrying out heat preservation treatment on the self-propagating seedlings of the arundo donax by using covering soil, namely, the covering soil is used for integrally deeply burying the upright stems in the step S1, the burial depth of the upright stems is 15-20cm, and further, after the deep burial of the upright stems is finished, the deeply buried upright stems are fully irrigated to finish the conservation treatment.
S3, carrying out overwintering conservation in the period from the completion of the step S2 to the next year when the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and carrying out no treatment in the conservation period;
S4, when the temperature is stably restored to 10-15 ℃ in the next year, taking out the upright stems, cutting out bud segments between two bud breaks by using a branch shear according to internode bud emergence conditions of the upright stems, transplanting the bud segments, wherein the transplanting depth of the bud segments is ensured to ensure that planting soil covers all buds of the bud segments; by the arrangement, the self-propagating seedling of the arundo donax can be propagated while the safety overwintering of the self-propagating seedling of the arundo donax is ensured.
Table 2 shows the comparison of the survival rate of the self-propagating seedlings of Arundo donax by the overwintering method of the Arundo donax seedlings of this example with that of the conventional overwintering method.
TABLE 2 survival rates of self-propagating seedlings of Arundo donax in different overwintering modes
In the control experiment, when the year 11 is 1 in 2020, the arundo donax self-propagating seedlings growing for one year are selected for tillering treatment, so as to obtain upright stems for the experiment, and when the year 5 is 2021, the upright stems are dug out for counting the germination rate and the bud diameter.
As can be seen from table 2, the overwintering method using the giant reed seedlings of the present embodiment assists the giant reed to reproduce seedlings by themselves for overwintering and conservation, and has a higher survival rate than the overwintering method without the overwintering and conservation treatment with the upstanding stems as the overwintering and conservation facility.
Example III
In this embodiment, the arundo donax seedlings are seedlings of different sources. Specifically, when the arundo donax seedlings are seedlings from different sources, the overwintering method of the arundo donax seedlings specifically comprises the following steps:
S1 specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) performing fixed cultivation, namely performing stubble cleaning on seedlings of different sources of arundo donax linn at the temperature higher than 0 ℃ and lower than 5 ℃ before 11 months each year, burying the base stubble obtained after stubble cleaning of the seedlings of different sources of arundo donax linn, wherein the stubble remaining height of the base stubble is 10-20 cm.
S2, carrying out conservation treatment on seedlings of different sources of arundo donax by using conservation facilities, wherein the conservation facilities are used for carrying out heat preservation treatment on the seedlings of different sources of arundo donax by using covering soil, the conservation treatment comprises the heat preservation treatment on base stubbles by using the covering soil, wherein the covering soil is formed by mixing arundo donax covering materials and planting soil, the arundo donax covering materials are at least obtained by mixing crushed arundo donax plants, leaves and Ha Chimu mould liquid containing 0.1% concentration of bacillus subtilis and 0.1% concentration of bacillus subtilis, and no redundant liquid in the arundo donax covering materials should be controlled to flow out in the mixing process; the planting soil is inter-plant soil between the base stubbles, and when the base stubbles are covered by using the covering soil, the arundo donax is covered below the planting soil so as to prevent the arundo donax from being reduced due to wind erosion in winter.
S3, carrying out overwintering conservation in the period from the completion of the step S2 to the next year when the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and carrying out no treatment in the conservation period;
and S4, when the temperature is stably restored to be more than 10 ℃ in the next year, removing and flattening the covering soil covered on the base stubble, and fully irrigating to promote germination of new buds at the root base, so that in-situ safe overwintering of seedlings from different sources of arundo donax linn is realized.
Table 3 shows the germination rates of seedlings of different sources of Arundo donax by the method of overwintering with different stubble heights.
TABLE 3 germination Rate of seedlings from different sources of Arundo donax with different stubble heights
However, table 3 can ensure overwintering of seedlings of different sources of arundo donax in one year or more by adopting an conservation treatment mode of covering soil after 10-20cm base stubble is remained, so that the seedlings of the arundo donax in different sources have higher survival rate and more than 50% germination rate.
The experimental data provided in the specification of the present invention were all carried out in the mountain west city of fortune, the selected arundo donax species was "first green state", and "first green state" was the tissue culture rapid propagation or cutting plant of arundodonax (arundodonax.) belonging to the genus arundodonax of the subfamily arundone.
It should be further noted that the experimental methods, if not specified, are conventional methods, and reagents and materials, if not specified, are commercially available.
In summary, the method for overwintering the giant reed seedlings solves the problem of difficult overwintering of the giant reed seedlings by carrying out pretreatment on the giant reed seedlings, carrying out fixed cultivation, conservation and the like in the early period of overwintering conservation, and remarkably improves the phenomenon of freezing of new buds or whole roots of the giant reed seedlings.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An overwintering method for arundo donax seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
The arundo donax seedling is any one of seedlings from different sources of arundo donax, arundo donax tissues or self-propagating seedlings of arundo donax;
S1, fixedly culturing; when the arundo donax seedlings are seedlings from different sources, stubble cleaning is carried out on the seedlings from different sources of the arundo donax before 11 months each year and at the temperature higher than 0 ℃ and lower than 5 ℃, the stubble obtained after the stubble cleaning is carried out on the seedlings from different sources of the arundo donax is buried, and the stubble remaining height of the stubble is 10-20 cm;
When the arundo donax seedlings are arundo donax tissues, transplanting a plurality of arundo donax tissues at the temperature higher than 5 ℃ before 11 months each year, wherein the arundo donax tissues are arranged in an array mode, and the plant spacing during the transplanting of the arundo donax tissues is more than or equal to 20cm and the line spacing is more than or equal to 30cm;
When the arundo donax seedlings are self-propagating seedlings of the arundo donax, under the conditions that the temperature is higher than 0 ℃ before 11 months each year, vertical stems of the self-propagating seedlings of the arundo donax with the length of 200cm and the internode tillers of more than or equal to 15 are selected for transplanting;
S2, carrying out conservation treatment on the arundo donax seedlings by using a conservation facility, wherein the conservation facility at least comprises covering soil or an arch shed so as to carry out heat preservation treatment on the arundo donax seedlings, and the conservation facility also comprises covering the arundo donax seedlings with a covering material containing liquid; the liquid-containing coating is formed by mixing a arundo donax coating and planting soil, wherein the arundo donax coating is at least obtained by mixing crushed arundo donax plants, leaves and liquid containing 0.1% concentration of bacillus subtilis and 0.1% concentration of Ha Chimu mould, and no redundant liquid flows out of the mixed arundo donax coating; the planting soil is inter-plant soil between the base stubbles, and when the covering soil covers the base stubbles, the arundo donax covering material is positioned below the planting soil;
When the arundo donax seedlings are arundo donax tissues, covering the arundo donax tissues in the step S1 by using covering soil, and arranging an arch shed and a drip irrigation belt, wherein the arch shed is covered on the outer side of an array formed by the arundo donax tissues, and the distance between the outer edge of the arch shed and the edge of the array is more than or equal to 15cm; the drip irrigation belts are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the arundo donax tissues arranged in rows;
When the arundo donax seedlings are self-propagating seedlings of the arundo donax, carrying out integral deep burying treatment on the upright stems by using the covering soil, transplanting or stubble cleaning the arundo donax seedlings, and covering the arundo donax seedlings by using the covering soil, wherein the burying depth of the upright stems is 15-20 cm;
s3, carrying out overwintering conservation in the period from the completion of the step S2 to the next year when the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and carrying out no treatment in the conservation period;
S4, when the arundo donax seedlings are seedlings and arundo donax tissues from different sources, removing and/or transplanting the arundo donax seedlings in the conservation facility when the temperature of the arundo donax seedlings is stably restored to be more than 10 ℃ in the next year, and fully irrigating to realize safe overwintering of the arundo donax seedlings;
When the arundo donax seedlings are self-propagating seedlings of arundo donax, taking out the upright stems when the temperature of the next year is stably restored to 10-15 ℃, cutting off between two bud breaks by using a pruning shear according to internode bud emergence conditions of the upright stems so as to separate bud segments, transplanting the bud segments, wherein the transplanting depth of the bud segments is required to ensure that planting soil covers all buds of the bud segments.
2. The method for overwintering a giant reed seedling according to claim 1, wherein: when the arundo donax seedlings are seedlings of different sources of arundo donax, and the conservation facility is the cover soil, the step S4 further comprises: and removing and flattening the covering soil covered on the stubble.
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