CN1143953A - 某些稠合n-吡咯甲酰苯胺;一类新的脑gaba受体配体 - Google Patents
某些稠合n-吡咯甲酰苯胺;一类新的脑gaba受体配体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1143953A CN1143953A CN94194657A CN94194657A CN1143953A CN 1143953 A CN1143953 A CN 1143953A CN 94194657 A CN94194657 A CN 94194657A CN 94194657 A CN94194657 A CN 94194657A CN 1143953 A CN1143953 A CN 1143953A
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Abstract
本发明包括结构式为式(I)的化合物及其药学上可接受的无毒盐,其中(a)是(b)、(c)、(d)或(e),W是取代或未取代的芳基;X是氢原子、羟基或低级烷基;T是氢原子、卤素原子、羟基、氨基或烷基;R3是氢原子或有机基团;R4是氢原子或取代或未取代的有机取代基;R5和R6是有机或无机取代基;n是1,2,3或4。这些化合物是高选择性的脑GABAa受体激动剂,拮抗剂或反激动剂或者是脑GABAa受体激动剂,拮抗剂或反激动剂的前药。这些化合物可用于诊断和治疗焦虑、睡眠和癫痫发作失调、二氮杂类药过量并可增强记忆力。
Description
本申请是美国系列申请08/144,138,申请日1993年10月27日的部分继续申请。
本发明涉及某些可选择性地与GABAa受体结合的稠合N-吡咯甲酰苯胺化合物。本发明也涉及含有这些化合物的药物组合物。而且涉及这些化合物在治疗焦虑,睡眠和癫痫发作失调,以及苯并二氮杂类药物过量,及增强警觉性的应用。对本发明中的稠合N-吡咯甲酰苯胺化合物与GABA的结合部位,苯并二氮杂(BDZ)受体的相互作用作了叙述。这种作用导致了这些化合物的药学活性。
γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)被认为是哺乳动物脑中一种主要的抑制性氨基酸传递质。从证明其在大脑中的存在时起30多年去了(Roberts& Frankel.J.Biol.Chem 187:55-63,1950;Udenfriend.J.Biol.Chem 187:65-69,1950)。从那时起,人们作了大量的努力试图弄清GABA与癫痫发作失调、睡眠、焦虑及识别的病因学的关系(Tall-man and Gallager,Ann.Rev,Neuroscience 8:21-44,1985)。GABA广泛地但却不均匀地分布于哺乳动物的大脑中,据认为大脑中大约30%的突触是以GABA为传递质的。在脑中大部分区域,GABA与局部抑制性神经元相关并只在两个区域中GABA与远投射(longerprojections)有关。GABA通过集中在细胞体和神经末梢的蛋白复合物调节其多种作用;这些(复合物)称之为GABAa受体。对GABA的突触后反应通常是通过氯化物传导的改变而调节的,尽管不是恒定地导致细胞的超极化。最近的研究表明与突触后GABA反应相关的该蛋白复合物是大量能够改变对GABA的突触后反应的结构不相关的化合物的主要作用部位。根据其作用方式,这些化合物可形成一个活性谱(或者镇静,抗焦虑,及抗惊厥,或者失睡、癫痫发作,及焦虑)。
1,4-苯并二氮杂是其中在世界范围内被继续广泛使用的药物。市售的苯并二氮杂类药物主要有利眠灵、安定、氟安定、及三唑苯二氮。这些化合物被广泛地用作抗焦虑药,镇静-安眠药,肌肉松驰剂,及抗惊厥药。大量这类化合物是极有效的药;这种效力表明每个受体有一个高亲和性和特异性的作用部位。早期的电生理学研究表明苯并二氮杂类药物的主要作用是增强GABAergic抑制作用。苯并二氮杂药物可以增强单突触前侧根反射的突触元抑制,完成一个GABA调节过程(Schmidt et al.1967,Arch.Exp.Path.Pharmakol,258:69-82)。随后的所有电生理学研究(Tall-man等的综述,1980,Science 207:274-81.Haefley et al.,1981,Handb,Exptl.Pharmacol.33:95-102)通常都是证实这一发现,到了本世纪70年代中期,电生理学家们一致认为苯并二氮杂类药物能增强GABA的作用。
由于苯并二氮杂类药物受体的发现及随后的对GABA与苯并二氮杂相互作用的本质的定义,很明显苯并二氮杂类药物与不同神经传递系统的重要的行为性相互作用大部分是由于增强了GABA自身效力从而改变这些系统的。每个改变的系统可以依次与一个行为的表达相关。
对这些相互作用机理的研究有赖于对高亲和性的苯并二氮杂结合部位(受体)的证明。这种受体存在于所有系统发育比硬骨(boney)鱼更新的脊椎动物的CNS中(Squires & Braestrup 1977,Natare 166:732-34,Mohler & okada,1977,Science 198:854-51,Mohl-er & okada,1977,Br.J.Psychiatry 133:261-68)。通过使用氚标的安定及其它化合物,现已证明这些苯并二氮杂结合部位执行药学受体的许多原则;体外结合部位是快速、可逆的,立体特异的及饱和的。更重要的是,苯并二氮杂从结合部位置换安定的能力与大量预计苯并二氮杂效力的动物行为试验的活性之间显示了高的显著的相关性(Braestrup & Squires 1978,Br.J.Psychiatry133:249-60,Mohler & okada,1977,Scienee 198:854-51,Mohler & okada,1977,Br.J.Psychiartry 133 261-68)。这些药物对人的平均治疗剂量也与受体效力相关(Tallman et al,1980,Science 207:274-281)。
1978年,GABA及其相关的类似物能够在低亲和性(1mM)GABA结合部位相互作用以增强苯并二氮杂对氯硝安定敏感部位的结合已变得很清楚(Tallman et al 1978,Nature,274:383-85)。这种增强作用是由于对GABA部位的占领而增加了苯并二氮杂结合部位的亲和性而引起的。这些数据说明GABA和苯并二氮杂部位都是作为蛋白复合物的一部分变构地结合在膜上的。对于许多GABA类似物而言,增强安定结合力量最大值的50%与抑制GABA对脑膜结合的50%可能是直接相关的。GABA激动剂对苯并二氮杂结合的增强作用可被GABA受体拮抗剂(+)荷包牡丹碱所阻断;立体异构体(-)荷包牡丹碱的活性则很低(Tallman et al.,1978,Nature,274:383-85)。
在发现苯并二氮杂高亲和性结合部位后不久,又发现三唑并哒嗪与苯并二氮杂能够在大脑的许多区域以与受体的不均匀性或负协同性一致的方式相互作用。这些研究还表明,希尔系数(HillCoefficients)在大脑的许多区域、包括皮质、海马、及纹状体中明显地小于1。在小脑中,三唑并哒嗪与苯并二氮杂部位的相互作用时的希尔系数为1(Squires et al.,1979,Pharma.Biochem.Behav.10:825-30,Klepner et al.1979.Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav.11:457-62)。因此,在皮质、海马、纹状体中预计有多个苯并二氮杂受体,而在小脑中则不然。
基于这些研究,在光显微水平上完成了广泛受体放射自显影定位研究。虽然受体的不均匀性已被证实(Young & Kuhar 1980,J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.212:337-46,Young et al.1981,J.Phar-macol Exp.ther 216:425-30,Niehotf et al.1982,J.Pharma-col.Exp.Ther.221:670-75),但在早期的研究中受体亚型的定位和与区域相关的行为之间却没有一个简单的相关性。此外,在小脑中,由结合研究预料只有一个受体,放射自显影术则揭示了受体的不均匀性(Niehoff et al.,1982,J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.221:670-75)。
关于苯并二氮杂部位的两个明显的亚型在药物特异性差异的生理基础已被Sieghart & karobath在1980,Nature 286:285-87上证实。在十二烷基硫酸钠存在下用凝胶电泳的方法,报道了几种不同分子量的苯并二氮杂受体的存在。受体通过放射性的氟硝安定(一个能以共价健地标记所有受体类型的苯并二氮杂)的共价键结合来鉴别。主要标记带为分子量50,000,53,000,55,000,57,000并且三唑并哒嗪抑制稍高分子量形式的标记(53,000,55,000,57,000)(Seighart et al,1983,Eur.J.Pharmacol,88:291-99)。
那时,受体为“异受体”的多种形式或为受体的复等位形式的可能性提高了(Tallman & Gallager 1985,Ann.Rev.Neurosci 8,21-44)。虽然,对酶而言很普遍,但受体遗传学上的不同形式却并未被普遍叙述。当我们开始用特异性的放射探针和电泳技术研究受体后,几乎可以肯定异受体将会在人类精神病病因学的研究上显示其重要性。
已经从牛和人cDNA库中克隆了GABAa受体亚单位。(Schoenfieldet al.,1988;Duman et al.,1989)。许多不同的cDNAs通过克隆和表达被鉴定为GABAa受体复合物的亚单位。它们被分为α、β、γ、δ、ε,并提供了GABAa受体的不均匀性和不同区域药理学的分子基础(Schivvers et al.,1980;Levitan et al.1989)。γ亚单位可以象苯并二氮杂类药物改变GABA反应(Pritchett et,al.,1989)。在GABAa受体配体的结合中表现的低希尔系数表明亚型特异性的药学作用的独特性。
药物在GABAa受体上的相互使用依据其改变GABA作用的能力可以有一个药学活性谱。例如,β-咔啉是在其竟争性抑制安定结合其自身结合部位的能力的基础上被首先分离出来的(Nielsen et al.1979,Life Sci.25:679-86)。受体结合测定并不能完全预料到这些化合物的生物活性;激动剂、部分激动剂,反激动剂和拮抗剂能够抑制结合。当β-咔啉的结构确定以后,就有可能合成大量类似物并行为性地试验这些化合物。立刻发现β-咔啉有行为性拮抗安定的作用(Tenen & Hirsch,1980,Nature 288:609-10)。除拮抗性之外,β-咔啉也具有它们自身相对于苯并二氮杂类化合物的内在活性;它们被认为是反激动剂。
此外,还有许多其它特异性的苯并二氮杂受体的拮抗剂在其对苯并二氮杂结合的抑制力的基础上得到了发展。这类化合物中研究最好的是咪唑并二氮杂(Hunkeler et al.,1981,Nature290:514-516)。这种化合物是具有高亲和性的苯并二氮杂和β-咔啉结合的竟争性抑制剂并可阻断这两类化合物的药学作用。而其自身在动物和人体内却几乎不具有内在的药学活性(Hunkeler etal.,1981,Nature 290:514-16;Darragh et al.,1983,Eur.J.Clin.Pharmacol.14:569-70)。通过对这些化合物的放射标记形式的研究(Mohler & Richards.1981,Nature 294:763-65),证明这些化合物以与苯并二氮杂和β-咔啉相同数量的部位相互作用,且这种相互作用是纯竟争性的。这种化合物由于不具有受体亚型的特异性和测定受体的每一种状态因此是选择性结合GABAa受体的配体。
通过对与上述类似的多种化合物相互作用的研究可将这些化合物进行分类。目前,将那些与苯并二氮杂具有相似活性的化合物称为激动剂,具有与苯并二氮杂相反的活性的化合物称为反激动剂,能够阻断上述两种活性的化合物称为拮抗剂。这种分类已发展到强调这样一个事实即多种化合物可产生一个药学作用谱,表明这些化合物在相同的受体上相互作用可产生相反的效果,也表明β-咔啉和具有内在抗焦虑作用的拮抗剂并不是等同的。
这些化合物与苯并二氮杂受体的相互作用的药学和行为性特性的生化试验继续集中在与GABAergic系统的相互作用上。与苯并二氮杂显示的增加对GABA的亲和性相反(Tallman et al.,1978,Nature 274:383-85,Tallman et al.,1980,Sciece 207:274-81),具有拮抗特性的化合物显示很少GABA转移(即,对GABA的受体亲和性变化)(Mohler & Richards 1981,Nature 294:763-65)反激动剂实际上显示的是对GABA亲和性的降低(Braestrup & Niel-son 1981,Nature 294:472-474)。因此,GABA转移通常是这些化合物预期的行为性特性。
已经合成了多种苯并二氮杂激动剂和拮抗剂,“例如,美国专利号3,455,943、4,435,403、4,596,808、4,623,649和4,719,210,德国专利号DE 3,246,932和Liebigs Ann.Chem.1986,1749指出了各类苯并二氮激动剂和拮抗剂及相关的抗郁和中枢神经系统活性化合物。美国专利3,455,943公开了下式化合物及其无毒酸加成盐:
其中
Rc是氢原子,低级烷基,最多含6个碳原子的烷氧基烷基,含3-6个碳原子的环烷基,最多含8个碳原子的芳基烷基,或(CH2)nOR2其中R2是最多含6个碳原子的烷基,含3-6个碳原子的环烷基或最多含8个碳原子的芳基烷基并且n是1-3的整数;Y是氧原子,两个氢原子或NOR1(其中R1是氢原子,低级烷基、芳基或最多含6个碳原子的芳基烷基),COR2(其中R2是最多含6个碳原子的低级烷基),或Y是CHCOOR3(其中R3是氢原子或低级烷基)或Y是NNR4R5,其中R4和R5可以相同也可以不同并且各自是氢原子、低级烷基、C6-10的芳基、C7-10的芳基烷基或CONR6R7,其中R6和R7可以相同也可以不同并且各自为氢原子或低级烷基或R4和R5一起与它们相连的氮原子形成可任选地含1个氧原子和最多3个氮原子并可任选地被低级烷基取代的5或6员杂环;Z是氢原子,或烷氧基或最多含10个碳原子并可任选地被羟基取代的芳基烷氧基,或Z是最多含6个碳原子的烷基,C6-10的芳基,或C7-10的芳烷基并各自可任选地被COOR8或CONR9R10取代,其中R8是最多含6个碳原子的烷基,R9和R10可以相同可以不同并且各自为氢原子或最多含6个碳原子的烷基;或Z是NR9R10,其中R9和R10定义如上;或Z是NR11CHR12R13,其中R11和R12各自为氢原子或共同构成N=C双键,其中R13是C1-10的烷基或NR14R15,其中R14和R15相同或不同并且各自为氢原子,OH或最多含6个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基,或其中R12和R13共同是氧原子,此时,R11是氢原子;或Z是COOR2其中R2定义如上;或Y和Z和与其相连的碳原子共同构成含有一个氧原子,氧原子和氮原子相邻或最多含4个氮原子并可任选地被低级烷基、羟基取代或被氧代的5或6员杂环。
美国专利4,596,808公开了下式化合物:
其中RA是H、F、Cl、Br、I,NO2,CN,CH3,CF3,SCH3,NR16R17或NHCOR16,其中R16和R17相同或不同并且各自为氢原子或每个最多含6个碳原子的烷基、链烯基或炔基或每个最多含10个碳原子的芳烷基或环烷基,或其中R16和R17共同形成一个饱和或不饱和的3-7员杂环。
美国专利4,623,649指出了下式化合物:
其中R5是最多含3个碳原子的低级烷基或酯-CO2R6其中R6是氢原子或最多含3个碳原子的低级烷基,R4是氢原子或最多含3个碳原子的低级烷基,或CH2OR9其中R9是最多含3个碳原子的低级烷基,RA是苯基或是含2-10个碳原子的烃基,该烃基可以成环或开环,饱和或不饱和,分支或不分支并可任选地被氧,甲酰OH,最多含3个碳原子的O-烷基或苯基取代,其中环烃基中,CH2-基团可被氧原子代替。
其中R1是氢原子或保护基,R2是-CH=CR4或-C=CR4,R4是氢原子或卤原子,R3是氢原子,低级烷基或低级烷氧基烷基,RA特别是,氢原子,OR7,可任选地被芳基取代的低级烷基,低级烷氧基或NR5R6,R5和R6相同或不同并且各自为氢原子,低级烷基或与氮原子一起构成可含另一个杂原子的5-6员环。R7是低级烷基,任选地被取代的芳基或芳烷基,并且每个化合物可含有一个或多个不是氢原子的RA基团。
这些化合物不同于本发明化合物。这些美国专利指出的碳环化合物含有吡啶或哌啶却没有出现本发明化合物中的嘧啶。
德国专利DE 3,246,932公开了下式化合物:
其中
R=卤原子,NO2,CO2H,改性的CO2H、R2O,R2S(O)n;n=0-2和R1=H,烷基、环烷基、芳烷基、芳基、CO2H、氨基、R2O、R2S(O)n。然而在该专利中却没有R1=芳基的实例。
其中Rx是氢原子、甲基、苄氧基、或甲氧基、并且R3是乙氧羰基。
所有这些化合物均不含吲哚-3-甲酰胺且也未见这些化合物显示GABA受体活性的描述。
文献中可见许多吲哚-3-甲酰胺的描述。例如,J.Org.Chem.,42;1883-1885(1977)公开了下列化合物。
J.Heterocylic Chem.,14:519-520(1977)公开了下式化合物:
这些吲哚-3-甲酰胺化合物在吲哚环的4位均没有含氧取代基。
本发明提供式I的新化合物,它们可与GABAa结合部位,苯并二氮杂受体相互作用。
本发明提供含有式I化合物的药物组合物。本发明也提供该化合物在诊断和治疗焦虑、睡眠和癫痫发作失调,苯并二氮杂类药物过量及增强记忆力的应用。因此,本发明方案从广义上讲涉及通式I的化合物或其药学上可接受的无毒盐:其中:
T是卤素、氢原子、羟基、氨基或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基;
X是氢原子,羟基或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;
W是苯基,2或3-噻吩基,2,3或4-吡啶基或者6-喹啉基,其中每个基团均可被如下基团单取代或双取代:卤素、氰基、羟基、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,氨基、单或双烷基氨基(其中每个烷基独立地为含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基),含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基,或NR1COR2、COR2、CONR1R2或CO2R2(其中R1和R2相同或不同并且是氢原子或含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);并且其中:
Y是氮原子或C-R4;
Z是N-R7或是被R8和R9取代的碳原子,即,C(R8)(R9);
n是1,2,3或4;
R3是氢原子、苯基,2,3或4-吡啶基,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);
R4是卤素或三氟甲基;或
-OR10、-COR10、-CO2R10、-OCOR10或-R10,其中R10是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或是
-CONR11R12或-(CH2)mNR11R12,其中m是0、1或2;R11是氢原子,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;R12是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基、或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中烷基是含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或NR11R12形成为吗啉基(morpholyl)、哌啶基、吡咯烷基或N-烷基哌嗪基的杂环基。
R5和R6相同或不同并且是氢原子、卤素、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基;
R7是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);
R8是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;并且
R9是-COR13、-CO2R13或-R13,其中R13是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或
-CONR14R15或-(CH2)kNR14R15,其中K是0、1或2;R14是氢原子,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;R15是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或NR14R15形成为吗啉基、哌啶基、吡咯烷基、或N-烷基哌嗪基的杂环基。
这些化合物是脑GABAa受体的高选择性激动剂、拮抗剂或反激动剂或者是脑GABAa受体的激动剂,拮抗剂或反激动剂的前药。换句话说,当本发明的化合物都与脑GABAa受体相互作用时,它们则显示相同的生理活性。因此,这些化合物可用于诊断和治疗焦虑、睡眠和癫痫发作失调、苯并二氮杂药物过量及增强记忆力。例如,这些化合物由于竟争性结合苯并二氮杂受体可容易地用于治疗苯并二氮杂类药物过量。
附图1-20是本发明中有代表性的稠合N-吡咯甲酰苯胺化合物。
本发明中的新化合物或其药学上可接受的无毒盐可用前面已列出的通式I表示。
其中R16是氢原子、苄基或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;
R17是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基;
R18氢原子,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基,NR1COR2、COR2、CO2R2其中R1和R2定义如上,氰基、或卤原子;并且
R19是氢原子或42
卤原子。
其中R17、R18和R19定义如前并且R20是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基。
本发明进一步包括式IX化合物:
其中R17、R18和R19定义如上。
本发明进一步包括式X化合物:
其中R16、R17、R18和R19定义如上。
其中R4、R5、R17、R18和R19定义如上。
本发明进一步包括式XII化合物:
其中W是苯基,2或3-噻吩基、2,3或4-吡啶基或6-喹啉基,其中每个基团又可被下列基团单取代或双取代:卤原子、氰基、羟基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基、氨基、单或双烷基氨基(其中烷基独立地是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基),含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基,或NR1COR2、 COR2、CONR1R2或CO2R2(其中R1和R2相同或不同并且是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基)。
药学上无毒盐包括与酸例如盐酸、磷酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、亚磺酸、甲酸、甲苯磺酸,氢碘酸、醋酸等等所成的盐。本领域普通技术人员可广义理解药学上可接受的无毒加成盐的范围。
本发明的有代表性的化合物概括在式I中,但不限于式I图示的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。本发明也包括式I化合物的酰化前药。本领域普通技术人员可以知道用于制备包括在式I中的化合物的药学上可接受的无毒加成盐和酰化前药的各种合成方法。
本发明中的低级烷基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基、例如,甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、2-戊基、异戊基、新戊基、己基、2-己基,3-己基、或3-甲基戊基。
本发明中的低级烷氧基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧基。例如,甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基、2-戊氧基、异戊氧基、新戊氧基、己氧基、2-己氧基、3-己氧基、及3-甲基戊氧基。
本发明中的卤原子的指氟、溴、氯、及碘原子。
其中R是如前定义的直链或支链低级烷基。
本发明化合物的药用用途由下面对GABAa受体结合活性的测定来确定。
测定按照Thomas和Tallman所述的方法进行(J.Bio.Chem.156:9838-9842,J.Neurosci.3:433-440,1983)。切除鼠皮质组织并在25倍体积(W/V)的0.05M Tris HCl缓冲液(在4℃ pH7.4)中匀浆化。将组织匀浆在冷却下(4℃)于20,000×g离心20分钟。倾出上清液并将沉淀在相同体积的缓冲液再匀浆化并于20,000×g再离心。倾出上清液并将沉淀在-20℃冷冻过夜。然后将淀解冻并在75倍量(原液wt/vol)的缓冲液中再匀浆化并将此过程重复两次。沉淀最后被悬浮在50倍量(w/vol)的0.05M Tris HCl缓冲液中(在40℃ pH7.4)。
培养器中含有100ml组织匀浆,100ml 0.5nM的放射性配体(3H-RO15-1788[3H-Flumazenil]比活度80Ci/mmol),药物或阻断剂并加缓冲液至总体积500ml。在4℃培养30分钟然后通过GFB过滤器快速过滤以分离出游离配体和结合配体。将过滤器用新配的0.05M的Tris HCl缓冲液(在4℃ pH7.4)洗涤两次并用液体闪烁计数器计数。在某些试管中加入1.0mM的安定以确定非特异性结合。收集三次测定的数据将其平均并计算出总的特异性结合的百分抑制率。总特异性结合=总数-非特异性(结合)。在某些情况下,未标记药物的量是变化的并且得出总的结合置换曲线。将数据转化成IC50和希尔系数(nH)的计算形式。将本发明化合物的数据列于表I。
表I化合物编号1 IC50(μm)
1 .004
2 .430
6 .001
8 .025
12 .028
14 .133
17 .470
1化合物编号涉及的化合物见附图。
通式I化合物可用含有常规的药学上可接受的无毒载体,佐剂和赋形剂的一定剂量单位的制剂以口服、局部用药、胃肠外用药吸入或喷雾或者直肠给药。此外所用术语胃肠外包括皮下注射、静注、肌注、胸骨内注射或输注技术。此外,这里还提供含有通式I化合物和药学上可接受的载体的药物制剂。可以将通式I中的一个或多个化合物与一个或多个药学上可接受的无毒载体和/或稀释剂和/或佐剂和,如果需要,其它活性成分结合。含有通式I化合物的药物组合物可以是适于口服的剂型,例如,可以是片剂、锭剂、糖锭、水剂或油悬浮剂、可分散的粉剂或颗粒剂、乳剂、硬或软胶囊、糖浆或酏剂。
欲用于口服的药物组合物可以按照药物组合物制备领域任何已知方法而制备并且为得到精美可口的制剂可在该组合物中加入一种或多种甜味剂、香料、着色剂或防腐剂。片剂含有活性成分并搀合了适于制片剂的药学上可接受的无毒赋形剂。这些赋形剂可以是例如,惰性稀释剂,例如碳酸钙、碳酸钠、乳糖、磷酸钙或磷酸钠;颗粒成形剂或崩解剂,如,玉米淀粉、藻酸;粘合剂,例如淀粉、明胶或阿拉伯胶、及润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或滑石粉。片剂可以不包衣也可以用已知技术制成包衣以延迟其在肠道的分解和吸收从而在较长的时间维持一个持续的作用。例如,可以使用时间延迟材料如单硬脂酸甘油酯或双硬脂酸甘油酯。
用于口服的制剂也可以是硬胶囊,其中将活性成分与惰性固体稀释剂混合,例如,碳酸钙,磷酸钙或高岭土,或者是软胶囊,其中将活性成分与水或油介质混合,例如花生油,液体石蜡或橄榄油。
水悬浮剂含有活性成分和适于制备水悬浮剂的赋形剂的混合物。这些赋形剂是悬浮剂,如羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、藻酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,黄蓍胶及阿拉伯胶;分散剂或湿润剂可以是天然磷脂,例如卵磷脂,或烯化氧与脂肪酸的浓缩产物,例如硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯、或者是烯化氧与长链脂肪酸的浓缩产物,如十七碳乙烯氧鲸蜡醇,或烯化氧与来源于脂肪酸和无水己糖醇的部分酯的浓缩产物,例如单油酸聚乙烯脱水山梨糖酯。水悬浮剂也可以含有一种或多种防腐剂,例如对-羟基苯甲酸乙酯或对-羟基苯甲酸正丙酯,一种或多种着色剂,一种或多种香料,及一种或多种甜味剂,例如蔗糖或糖精。
油状悬浮剂可以将活性成分悬浮于植物油中而制备,例如花生油,橄榄油,芝麻油或椰子油,或矿物油如液体石蜡。油悬浮剂可以含有增稠剂,如蜂蜡,固体石蜡或鲸蜡醇。甜味剂例如前面提到的,及加入香料可得到可口的口服制剂。这些组合物可以通过加入一种抗氧化剂如抗坏血酸而防腐。
适于制备水悬浮剂的可分散粉末或颗粒可通过加入水而达到活性成分与分散剂或湿润剂,悬浮剂及一种或多种防腐剂的混合。适当的分散剂或湿润剂及悬浮剂前面已例举过。附加的赋形剂,例如甜味剂,香料及着色剂,也可加入。
本发明的药物组合物也可以是水包油乳剂的形式。油相可以是植物油,如橄榄油或花生油、或矿物油、如液体石蜡或它们的混合物。合适的乳化剂可以是天然树胶、例如阿拉伯胶或黄蓍胶、天然磷脂,例如大豆、卵磷脂、及脂肪酸和无水己糖醇的酯或部分酯,例如单油酸脱水山梨糖酯,所述部分酯与烯化氧的缩合产物,如聚乙烯单油酸脱水山梨糖酯。乳剂也含有甜味剂和香料。
糖浆和酏剂可以加甜味剂,例如甘油、丙烯乙二醇、脱水山梨糖醇或蔗糖。这些制剂中可含有抗乳化剂,防腐剂和香料及着色剂。药物组合物还可以是灭菌的可注射水溶液或含油悬浮液。悬浮剂可以用前面提到的适当的分散剂或湿润剂及悬浮剂按照已知方法制备。灭菌注射液可以是胃肠外容许的无毒稀释剂或溶剂的灭菌注射溶液或悬浮液,如1,3-丁二醇溶液。所用的可接受的载体和溶剂是水,林格氏(Ringer)溶液,等渗氯化钠溶液。此外,灭菌的、非挥发性油是常规的溶剂或悬浮介质。用于该目的的任何无刺激的非挥发性油包括合成的单或双甘油酯均可使用。此外,脂肪酸例如油酸可用于注射剂中。
通式I化合物也可以采取用于直肠给药的栓剂形式。这些药物组合物可通过将药物与适当的无刺激性的赋形剂的混合而制备,这些赋形剂在一般温度下为固体而在直肠温度下为液体并因此而熔解释放出药物。这种材料是可可油和聚乙烯乙二醇。
通式I化合物也可以用灭菌介质非肠道给药。根据载体和所用浓度,药物可悬浮也可溶解在载体中。将估剂如局部麻醉药,防腐剂及缓冲剂溶解在载体中是有利的。
用于治疗上述疾病的剂量水平是每公斤体重每天从约0.1mg至约140mg(每个病人每天大约是0.5mg至7g)。一个剂量单位中与载体结合的活性成分的量根据病人和具体的给药方式而变化。单位剂量形式通常含有活性成分是介于1mg至500mg之间。
可以理解任何具体病人的特殊剂量水平会依据所用具体化合物的活性、年龄、体重、健康状况、性别、饮食、服药时间、给药途径、排泄速率、药物联合及正在治疗的具体疾病的严重程度等因素而变化。
制备本发明化合物的说明列于流程I和II中。流程I和II注释:Me代表甲基;Et代表乙基;DMF代表二甲基甲酰胺;Ac为乙酰(基);aq.dioxane为二噁烷水溶液;Ph为苯基;
其中:W、Z及n定义如前。
W1、R3、Y、R5及R6定义如前
本领域普通技术人员可以理解变化起始原料并增加步骤可以制备包括在本发明中的化合物,正如下面实施例证明的那样。在某些情况下为达到上述转化,某些反应性官能团的保护是必须的。通常保护基团的必要性以及保护和去保护的条件对有机合成领域的普通技术人员来说是明显的。
下面实施例用于进一步说明本发明但不应将其具体叙述方法理解为对本发明的范围和原则的限制。
根据改进的文献方法1制备4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢苯并呋喃-3-羧酸。在氮气中于0℃向搅拌的氢氧化钾(28.06g,0.5mol)的甲醇(100mL)溶液滴加环己二酮(56.07g,0.5mol)的甲醇(100mL)溶液。将混合物在0℃搅拌0.5小时,然后滴加溴丙酮酸乙酯(66mL,0.525mol)的甲醇(100mL)溶液。将混合物室温搅拌17小时后,滴加50%的氢氧化钠水溶液(60mL)并继续再搅拌7小时。将溶液用水稀释后,酸化并真空除去甲醇。加入冰水并将沉淀过滤并真空干燥得到4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢苯并呋喃-3-羧酸。
在氮气中室温搅拌下将乙酰氯(56mL,783mmol)滴加入4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢苯并呋喃-3-羧酸(28.2g,157mmol)的乙醇(500mL)溶液中,搅拌1小时后,将溶液加热回流1小时。将溶液冷却并真空浓缩。将残余物吸收在二氯甲烷中,用碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,用1N氢氧化钠快速洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并真空浓缩得到4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢苯并呋喃-3-羧酸乙酯为一油状物。将该酯(24.46g,117mmol)和醋酸铵(15.85g,206mmol)与二甲基甲酰胺(225mL)的混合物在氮气中加热至100℃1.25小时。将混合物冷却,倾入冰水中,并用二氯甲烷萃取两次。合并有机萃取液并用水洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤、真空浓缩,并且残余物用乙醚研制得到4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢吲哚-3-羧酸乙酯。将该酯(11.31g,55mmol)和5N氢氧化钠(200ml)及乙醇(20ml)的混合物加热回流1小时。冰浴冷却后,将混合物用浓盐酸酸化,过滤沉淀,用冰水洗涤,真空干燥得到4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-羧酸。
实施例3注:Me为甲基。
化合物1
将4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-羧酸(179mg,1mmol),对-茴香胺(616mg,5mmol),和1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳化二亚胺盐酸盐[BDCZ](959mg,5mmol)与50%1,4-二噁烷水溶液(10mL)的混合物室温下搅拌17小时。真空浓缩后,将残余物用10%甲醇(于乙酸乙酯)中溶解,用1.3M的盐酸洗涤然后再用碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。用乙酸乙酯重结晶得到N-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物1);mp219-220℃。
实施例4
将2-甲基-3-硝基茴香醚(9.96g,60mmol)和三(二甲氨基)甲烷(15.5mL,98mmol)与二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)的混合物在氮气氛中加热至115℃3小时。冷却至室温后在剧烈搅拌下将氨基脲盐酸盐(6.98g,63mmol)和浓盐酸(5.3mL)的水(75mL)溶液滴加到该反应液中。将混合物进一步用冰浴冷却并将沉淀滤出,先用冰水,接着依次用冷的50%乙醇水溶液,冷乙醇,及乙醚洗涤,然后干燥得到缩氨基脲。将缩氨基脲在帕尔摇动器中悬浮于10%的钯碳(3g)乙醇溶液(120mL)中并置于氢气(50psi)中16小时。混合物用Cel-ite过滤并真空浓缩。将残余物用冰水研制,过滤并干燥得到4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚。
实施例5
将2-硝基-6-苄氧甲苯(13.0g,53mmol)和三(二甲氨基)甲烷(13.9mL,80mmol)与二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)的溶液在氮气中加热至115℃3小时。冷却至室温,剧烈搅拌下滴加氨基脲盐酸盐(6.26g,56mmol)和浓盐酸(4.8mL)的水(70mL)溶液。将乙醇(25mL)加入该多相混合物中并搅拌2小时。冰浴冷却后,将沉淀过滤,依次用冰水,冷的50%乙醇水溶液、冷乙醇、乙醚洗涤并干燥得到缩氨基脲。将缩氨基脲淤浆(17.64g,54mmol),阮内镍(18g,50%水浆)于1∶1的四氢呋喃∶甲醇(145mL)中加热至55℃。将单水合肼分成四等份(每份2.7mL)并以0.5小时的间隔加入其中。将混合物冷却,并通过小硅胶板用乙醚过滤。将滤液用硫酸镁干燥、过滤、真空浓缩。将残余物用闪式色谱纯化得到4-苄氧基-1H-吲哚,为一低熔点固体。
将三氯乙酰氯(27.1mL,243mmol)的二氯甲烷(50mL)溶液于0℃氮气下滴加到4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚(7.15g,49mmol)和吡啶(19.7mL,243mmol)的二氯甲烷(50mL)溶液中。于0℃再搅拌1.5小时,将混合物真空浓缩。将残余物用尽可能少的甲醇溶解并置于冰箱中过夜。将沉淀过滤,用甲醇洗涤,并干燥得到4-甲氧基-3-三氯乙酰基-1H-吲哚。搅拌下于室温将4-甲氧基-3-三氯乙酰基-1H-吲哚(9.07g,31.0mmol)用0.75小时分批加入到甲醇钠(3.5mL的25重量%的甲醇溶液)的甲醇(200mL)溶液中。再搅拌0.75小时,将混合物用冰浴冷却,用冰水稀释,浓盐酸酸化,真空除去甲醇。将所得多相混合物用冰浴冷却,过滤沉淀,用水洗涤,干燥得到4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-羧酸甲酯。将该酯淤浆(5.6g,27mmol)的50%氢氧化钠水溶液(50mL)及甲醇(50mL)溶液室温下搅拌19小时。将混合物用冰浴冷却,用浓盐酸酸化,过滤沉淀,用冰水洗涤,干燥得到4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-羧酸。
(化合物2)
将用上述方法制备的N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苄氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(1.34g,3.4mmol)在帕尔瓶中悬浮于10%钯碳(134mg)的乙醇(35mL)溶液中并置于氢气(50psi)中5小时。将混合物中加入甲醇(5mL)并再置于氢气中18小时。用Celite过滤溶液,真空浓缩,残余物用闪式色谱纯化得到N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-羟基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物2)为米色固体;mp259-261℃(d)。
实施例8
下列化合物基本上可按照实施例1-6所述方法制备:
(a)N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物3);mp217-218℃。
(b)N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物4);mp259-261℃(d)。
(c)N-(3-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物5)。
(d)N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物6)。
(e)N-(2-氟-4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物7)。
(f)N-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物8)。
(g)N-(2-氟-4-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物9)。
(h)N-(4-氰基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物10);mp287-288℃。
(i)N-(3-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物11);mp220-223℃。
(j)N-(4-乙酰氨基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物12);mp339-341℃。
(k)N-(4-氯苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物13)。
(l)N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苄氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物14)。
(m)N-(4-乙酰基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物15)。
(n)N-(2-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物16)。
(o)N-(6-喹啉基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物17);mp319-321℃。
(p)N-(4-甲氧羰基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物18);mp261-262℃。
(q)N-(4-羧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物19)。
(r)N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-羟基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物20)。
(s)N-(3-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物21)。
(t)N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苄氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物22)。
(u)N-(4-异丙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物23)。
(v)N-(4-氟苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物24)。
(w)N-(4-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物25)。
(x)N-(4-羟基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物26)。
(y)N-(4-氨基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物27)。
(z)N-(3-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物28)。
(aa)N-(4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物29)。
(ab)N-(3-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物30)。
(af)N-(2-氟-4-异丙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物35)。
(ag)N-(4-氟苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物36)。
(ah)N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物37)。
(ai)N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物38)。
(aj)N-(4-甲氧基甲基)苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物39)。
(ak)N-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物40)。
(al)N-(2-甲氧基-5-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物41)。
(am)N-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物42)。
(an)N-苯基-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物43)。
(ao)N-(2-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物44)。
(ap)N-(2-氟-4-羟基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物45)。
(aq)N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物46)。
(ar)N-(2-氟-4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物47)。
(as)N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物48)。
(at)N-(2-氨基-3-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物49)。
(au)N-(4-甲基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物50)。
(av)N-(3-甲基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物51)。
(aw)N-(2-氨基-4-甲基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物52)。
(ax)N-(4-甲基氨基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物53)。
(ay)N-苯基-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物54)。
(az)N-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物55)。
(ba)N-(2-氟苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物56)。
(bb)N-(3-氟苯基)-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物57)。
(bc)N-(4-(2-羟乙氧基)苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物58)。
(bd)N-(2-噻吩基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物59)。
(be)N-(4-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)苯基-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物60)。
(bf)N-(2-(4-羟苯基)乙基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物61)。
(bg)N-(2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物62)。
(bh)(化合物63) (bi)(化合物64) (bj)(化合物65) (bk)(化合物66) (bl)(化合物67) (bm)(化合物68)注:Et为乙基。 (bn)(化合物69)注:Me为甲基。注:Et为乙基。
(bo)N-(4-氟-2-羟苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺(化合物70)。
以上已对本发明,制作和使用本发明的方式和工艺过程,用完整、清晰、简洁而确切的词语作了叙述,使任何发明所属的普通技术人员都能制作和使用本发明。可以理解,前面的叙述是本发明的优选方案并且如权利要求所示的那样不背离本发明精神和范围的改变都是可行的。为了具体指出并清楚主张有关发明的主题,用如下权利要求结束本说明书。
Claims (76)
1、下式化合物或其药学上可接受的无毒盐:其中:
T是卤素、氢原子、羟基、氨基或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基;
X是氢原子,羟基或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;
W是苯基,2或3-噻吩基,2,3或4-吡啶基或者6-喹啉基,其中每个基团均可被如下基团单取代或双取代:卤素、氰基、羟基、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,氨基、单或双烷基氨基其中每个烷基独立地为含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基,或NR1COR2,COR2,CONR1R2或CO2R2其中R1和R2相同或不同并且是氢原子或含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;并且 其中:
Y是氮原子或C-R4;
Z是N-R7或是被R8和R9取代的碳原子,即,C(R8)(R9);
n是1,2,3或4;
R3是氢原子、苯基,2,3或4-吡啶基,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);
R4是卤素或三氟甲基;或
-OR10、-COR10、-CO2R10、-OCOR10或-R10,其中R10是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或是
-CONR11R12或-(CH2)mNR11R12,其中m是0、1或2;R11是氢原子,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;R12是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中烷基是含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或NR11R12形成为吗啉基(morpholyl),哌啶基、吡咯烷基或N-烷基哌嗪基的杂环基。
R5和R6相同或不同并且是氢原子、卤素,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基;
R7是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);
R8是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;并且
R9是-COR13、-CO2R13或-R13,其中R13是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或
-CONR14R15或-(CH2)kNR14R15,其中K是0、1或2;R14是氢原子,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;R15是氢原子,苯基,2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或NR14R15形成为吗啉基、哌啶基、吡咯烷基、或N-烷基哌嗪基的杂环基。
W是苯基,2或3-噻吩基,2,3或4-吡啶基或者6-喹啉基,其中每个基团均可被如下基团单取代或双取代:卤素、氰基、羟基、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,氨基、单或双烷基氨基其中的烷基各自独立地为含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基,或NR1COR2,COR2,CONR1R2或CO2R2其中R1和R2相同或不同并且是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;并且
R8是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;
R9是-COR13、-CO2R13或-R13,其中R13是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶基烷基(其中每个烷基含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或
-CONR14R15或-(CH2)kNR14R15,其中K是0、1或2;R14是氢原子,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;R15是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基。或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或NR14R15形成为吗啉基、哌啶基、吡咯烷基、或N-烷基哌嗪基的杂环基。
W是苯基,2或3-噻吩基,2,3或4-吡啶基或6-喹啉基,其中每个基团可被如下基团单取代或双取代:卤素、氰基、羟基、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,氨基、单或双烷基氨基(其中的烷基各自独立为含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基),含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基,或NR1COR2、COR2、CONR1R2或CO2R2其中R1和R2相同或不同并且是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;
R3是氢原子、苯基,2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中的烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);
R5是氢原子、卤素、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基。
W是苯基,2或3-噻吩基,2,3或4-吡啶基或6-喹啉基,其中每个基团又可被如下基团单取代或双取代:卤素、氰基、羟基、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,氨基、单或双烷基氨基(其中烷基各自独立地是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基),含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基,或NR1COR2、COR2、CONR1R2或CO2R2其中R1和R2相同或不同并且是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;
R3是氢原子,苯基,2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含有1-6碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);
R5是氢原子、卤素、含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基。
W是苯基,2或3-噻吩基,2,3或4-吡啶基或6-喹啉基,其中每个基团均可被如下基团单取代或双取代:卤素、氰基、羟基、含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,氨基,单或双烷基氨基(其中每个烷基各自独立地是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基),含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基,或NR1COR2、COR2、CONR1R2或CO2R2(其中R1和R2相同或不同并且是氢原子或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);
Y是氮原子或C-R4;
R4是卤素或三氟甲基;或
-OR10、-COR10、-CO2R10、-OCOR10或-R10,其中R10是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或
-CONR11R12或-(CH2)mNR11R12,其中m是0、1或2;R11是氢原子,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;并且R12是氢原子、苯基、2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基、或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中的烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或NR11R12形成为吗啉基、哌啶基、吡咯烷基或N-烷基哌嗪基的杂环基。
R5是氢原子、卤素、含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基。
W是苯基,2或3-噻吩基,2,3或4-吡啶基或6-喹啉基,其中的每个基团均可被如下基团单取代或双取代:卤素、氰基、羟基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,氨基,单或双烷基氨基(其中每个烷基各自独立地为含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基),含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基,或NR1COR2、COR2、CONR1R2或CO2R2(其中R1和R2相同或不同并且是氢原子或含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);
R4是卤素或三氟甲基;或
-OR10、-COR10、-CO2R10、-OCOR10或-R10,其中R10是氢原子,苯基,2,3或4-吡啶基,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中每个烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或
-CONR11R12或-(CH2)mNR11R12,其中m是0、1或2;R11是氢原子,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基;并且R12是氢原子,苯基,2,3或4-吡啶基,含1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基、或苯基烷基或2,3或4-吡啶烷基(其中的烷基是含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基);或NR11R12形成为吗啉基、哌啶基、吡咯烷基、或N-烷基哌嗪基的杂环基。
R5是氢原子,卤素,含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷基,或含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链低级烷氧基。
7、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
8、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-羟基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
9、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
10、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
11、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(3-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
12、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
13、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
14、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
15、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
16、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-氰基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
17、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(3-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
18、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-乙酰氨基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
19、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-氯苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
20、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苄氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
21、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-乙酰基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
22、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
23、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(6-喹啉基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
24、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-甲酯基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
25、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-羧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
26、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-羟基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
27、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(3-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
28、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苄氧基-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
29、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-异丙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
30、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-氟苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
31、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
32、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-羟基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
33、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-氨基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
34、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(3-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
35、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-甲氧基甲基)苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
36、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(3-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
40、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是
41、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-异丙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
42、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-氟苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
43、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
44、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
45、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-甲氧基甲基)苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
46、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-5,5-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
47、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-甲氧基-5-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
48、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
49、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-苯基-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
50、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
51、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-羟基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
52、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
53、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟-4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
54、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
55、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氨基-3-吡啶基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
56、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-甲基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
57、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(3-甲基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
58、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氨基-4-甲基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
59、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-甲基氨基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
60、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-苯基-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
61、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
62、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-氟苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
63、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(3-氟苯基)-4-氧代-6,6-二甲基-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
64、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
65、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-噻吩基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
66、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
67、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-(4-羟基苯基)乙基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
68、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
70、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是
71、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是
73、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是
76、按照权利要求1的化合物,该化合物是N-(4-氟-2-羟基苯基)-4-氧代-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲哚-3-甲酰胺。
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US3455943A (en) * | 1966-10-21 | 1969-07-15 | American Cyanamid Co | Certain 5,8-dihydro-beta-carbolines |
DE3029980A1 (de) * | 1980-08-08 | 1982-03-11 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim | Indolderivate und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
JPS57123180A (en) * | 1980-12-17 | 1982-07-31 | Schering Ag | 3-substituted beta-carboline, manufacture and psychotropic drug containing same |
DE3147276A1 (de) * | 1981-11-28 | 1983-06-09 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim | Verfahren zur herstellung von indolderivaten, deren verwendung als wertvolle zwischenprodukte und neue 4-hydroxyindole |
DE3246932A1 (de) * | 1982-12-16 | 1984-06-20 | Schering AG, 1000 Berlin und 4709 Bergkamen | Substituierte 5h-pyrimido(5,4-b)indole |
DE3335323A1 (de) * | 1983-09-27 | 1985-04-04 | Schering AG, 1000 Berlin und 4709 Bergkamen | Substituierte ss-carboline, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als arzneimittel |
DE3535927A1 (de) * | 1985-10-04 | 1987-04-09 | Schering Ag | 3-vinyl- und 3-ethinyl-ss-carbolinderivate, ihre herstellung und ihre verwendung als arzneimittel |
US5243049A (en) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-09-07 | Neurogen Corporation | Certain pyrroloquinolinones: a new class of GABA brain receptor ligands |
-
1993
- 1993-10-27 US US08/144,138 patent/US5484944A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-10-26 EP EP97117241A patent/EP0825193A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-10-26 JP JP51280795A patent/JP3542356B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-26 SK SK524-96A patent/SK282817B6/sk unknown
- 1994-10-26 AT AT95900440T patent/ATE168673T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-26 RU RU96110289/04A patent/RU2125989C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-26 EP EP95900440A patent/EP0725775B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-26 CA CA002175204A patent/CA2175204C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-26 RU RU98115589/04A patent/RU2157367C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-26 CZ CZ19961129A patent/CZ288027B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-26 CN CN94194657A patent/CN1099413C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-26 SK SK290-2001A patent/SK282994B6/sk unknown
- 1994-10-26 PL PL94314136A patent/PL180027B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-26 DE DE69411939T patent/DE69411939T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-26 HU HU9601106A patent/HU219715B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-26 ES ES95900440T patent/ES2122504T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-26 WO PCT/US1994/012300 patent/WO1995011885A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-10-26 AU AU81265/94A patent/AU701151B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-10-26 DK DK95900440T patent/DK0725775T3/da active
- 1994-10-26 NZ NZ275968A patent/NZ275968A/en unknown
- 1994-10-26 NZ NZ330023A patent/NZ330023A/xx unknown
- 1994-10-26 KR KR1019960702266A patent/KR0181383B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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1995
- 1995-06-07 US US08/473,509 patent/US5608079A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1996
- 1996-04-24 SE SE9601563A patent/SE9601563L/xx unknown
- 1996-04-25 NO NO961655A patent/NO306399B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-04-25 FI FI961776A patent/FI961776A/fi unknown
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1999
- 1999-07-09 SE SE9902648A patent/SE9902648D0/xx unknown
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