CN114380809B - 一类含阳离子可聚合基团的离子液体及制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一类含阳离子可聚合基团的离子液体及制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114380809B CN114380809B CN202111662128.0A CN202111662128A CN114380809B CN 114380809 B CN114380809 B CN 114380809B CN 202111662128 A CN202111662128 A CN 202111662128A CN 114380809 B CN114380809 B CN 114380809B
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- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XFUOBHWPTSIEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C1CCCC(C(=O)OCC2OC2)C1C(=O)OCC1CO1 XFUOBHWPTSIEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D305/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D305/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D305/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D305/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明涉及一类含阳离子可聚合基团的离子液体及制备方法和应用。所述的带有含阳离子可聚合基团的离子液体中,可以是单核阳离子体系,也可以是双核阳离子体系,且阳离子为带有可阳离子聚合基团的烷基咪唑阳离子。本发明提供的含有可阳离子聚合的功能化离子液体,这种离子液体作为光固化树脂的活性单体,在涂层中的固化中含有大量可迁移的自由离子保证其具有较高的离子电导率,展现其在抗静电或者导电涂层中的应用潜力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于光固化领域,具体涉及一种含阳离子可聚合的氧杂环丁烷基团的离子液体,及其制备方法和应用,特别是应用在抗静电和导电涂层中的用途。
背景技术
紫外光固化技术由于其聚合速度快,聚合条件温和,因此具有独特的高效、适应性广、经济、节能、环境友好的“5E”特点,在涂料、油墨、胶粘剂、印刷板材等许多领域得到广泛应用。目前,在航天航空、石油化工、通讯、电子器械以及军事工业等领域中,通常会需要使用涂料来提高材料或设备等表面的性能。其中,紫外光固化涂料具有能耗低、无污染、固化快、可涂装对热敏感的基材等优点,具有广阔的市场前景。依据光固化机理的不同,光固化大体上可以分为自由基固化和阳离子固化。其中阳离子固化的单体和树脂主要是乙烯基醚类、环氧类和氧杂环丁烷类化合物,在鎓盐为代表的光生酸剂光激发下产生的超强质子酸的催化下实现聚合。但是,紫外光固化涂料的原料中,采用的常规的高分子材料是优良的绝缘体,导致紫外光固化涂料形成的固化膜也具有良好的绝缘性能,这使其表面往往容易导致静电的累积,进而产生静电隐患。因此上述领域对紫外光固化涂料在应用中提出了抗静电性要求。导电或抗静电型紫外光固化涂料也是相关材料研究的重要方向之一。
导电涂料是伴随现代科学技术而迅速发展起来的特种功能涂料,一般是将导电填料添加到特定的树脂原料中,制成能够喷涂的涂料,经干燥、固化后形成漆膜,由于能起到导电作用,从而具有屏蔽电磁波干扰的功能,已在电子、电器、航空、化工、印刷等多种军用、民用工业领域中得到广泛应用。与此同时,在日常生活中,许多材料在使用过程中容易产生静电积累,造成吸尘、电击等导致恶性事故发生,比如静电会引起生产障碍、爆炸和火灾等。为了消除静电带来的危害,制备抗静电涂料成了研究热点。防静电涂料已被广泛应用于显示屏、保护膜和防静电工作区的各种防护材料上。
从1914年第一种离子液体硝酸乙基铵的发现与成功制备,由于离子液体阴阳离子结构的可设计性和可调节性,离子液体的种类和数量发生了巨大的增加。离子液体又被称为室温熔融盐,是一种完全由阴阳离子组成的液态物质。由于结构中阴阳离子的体积相差较大和结构的不对称性,无法规整排列形成晶体,使其熔点接近室温。
离子液体由于特殊的化学结构,具有良好的离子电导率、溶解性、热稳定性、催化活性和良好的生物相容性以及低蒸气压等,在固态电解质材料、纳米材料分散剂、催化剂、抗菌剂和萃取剂等领域具有广泛的应用。
离子液体具有阳离子结构的可调节性和可修饰性、阴离子和阳离子种类的多样性,因此,功能化离子液体的出现是离子液体发展的一种必然。随着离子液体研究应用的不断深入,常规离子液体已经无法满足需求。因而需要不断开发出大量在常规离子液体阴阳离子上带有特殊功能的官能团,可满足某种性能或应用设计的功能化离子液体。
发明内容
针对现有材料和技术的不足,本发明的首要目的是提供一类带阳离子可聚合的氧杂环丁烷基团的离子液体。原理:把光固化和离子液体结合起来,通过在离子液体中引入阳离子可聚合基团,然后通过光固化的方法来制备抗静电或者导电涂层,在工业领域有广阔的应用潜力。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种上述带阳离子可聚合的氧杂环丁烷基团的离子液体的制备方法。
本发明的第三个目的是提供上述带阳离子可聚合基团的的氧杂环丁烷离子液体的用途。
为达到上述目的,本发明的解决方案是:
一类带阳离子可聚合基团的离子液体,其特征在于这类单体的分子结构如下通式所示,其中单核阳离子体系的离子液体为(A),双核阳离子体系的离子液体为(B);
其中,R1为链接氧杂环丁烷和咪唑氮原子的烷基,任选地,烷基中的一个或多个-CH2-可各自独立地被-O-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-或-O-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-O-所取代。
R2、R3分别独立地选自于单键或C3-12的直链烷基,任选地,其中的一个或多个-CH2-可各自独立地被-O-、-CO-、-COO-或-OCO-或-O-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-O-所取代;
n=1或0,当n=0时,所述结构R2和R3以单键相连;
X-选自于Br-、双(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺根(NTf2 -)、CF3SO3 -、CH3SO3 -、p-MePhSO3 -、BF4 -、B(Ph)4 -、B(PhF5)4 -、PF6 -、SbF6 -、或者、Al(Perfluoro-t-BuO)4 -;中的一种;
进一步优选地,所述X-为NTf2 -;
一种上述单核阳离子体系的离子液体(A),其特征在于制备步骤如下。
首先,制备在有烷基溴结构的中间体(A)-a:
根据R1的不同,会有两种合成方法:
方法1,中间产物(A)-a1:向具有搅拌装置、温度计的玻璃烧瓶中,加入1当量的3-羟甲基-3-乙基氧杂环丁烷、1.2当量三乙胺及甲苯为溶剂,保持温度在5~10℃下,缓缓加入1.1当量的甲磺酰氯,搅拌下在此温度下反应2;随后向烧瓶中加入1.0当量的溴化锂,升温到60~70℃下反应十小时后,追加0.2当量溴化锂,继续在此温度下反应8小时。反应结束后,分液,将所得有机层减压蒸馏,得到中间产物(A)-a1;
方法2,中间体(A)-a2和(A)-a3:在以二氯甲烷为有机溶剂体系中,加入1当量的3-羟甲基-3-乙基氧杂环丁烷,冷却至0℃下加入碱,搅拌10-60分钟后加入双溴取代烷或者是溴代烷基酰溴,反应结束后将混合物用饱和NaHCO3溶液洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分并对残余物进行柱色谱提纯得到中间体。(A)-a2和(A)-a3;(A)-a2优选的碱为NaOH;(A)-a3优选的碱为三乙胺以及4-二甲氨基吡啶。
进一步地,(A)-a2和(A)-a3;(A)-a2优选的碱为NaOH;(A)-a3优选的碱为三乙胺以及4-二甲氨基吡啶。
m1=2~8、m2=1~8
其次,在无水无氧的四氢呋喃体系中,控制反应温度为0℃,将1当量的咪唑的无水四氢呋喃溶液滴加至1当量的NaH(60%)后,室温搅拌2-4小时至无氢气冒出,再将混合物降到0℃,滴加2当量上一步所得中间体(A)-a,30分钟滴加完后75℃反应过夜。反应结束后用二氯甲烷稀释,并用质量分数为5%的NaHCO3溶液洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分并用乙醚洗涤,真空干燥,最后得到无色或淡黄色液体(A)-b,几位溴为阴离子的咪唑盐;
一种上述的双核阳离子体系的离子液体(B),其特征在于制备步骤如下。
首先,将咪唑和氢氧化钠以1:1摩尔比充分混合,在90℃剧烈机械搅拌20小时,然后降至室温,向混合物中加入四氢呋喃,然后加入(A)-a中间体,在70℃反应12-24小时。反应结束后过滤,用四氢呋喃洗涤,蒸发挥发性部分,最后得到中间体(B)-a;
然后,在环己烷为有机溶剂体系中,将得到的(B)-a中间体和双溴代烷或者双溴取代氧杂环丁烷单体在80-100℃反应24小时,反应结束后用乙醚洗涤,真空干燥,最后得到固体产物(B)-b;
一种上述单核和双核阳离子体系的离子液体(A)和(B),其阴离子为其它离子,其特征在于制备步骤如下:
将溴离子为阴离子的(A)-b和(B)-b单体在80℃下溶解于H2O中,按照1:1摩尔比加入LiX,室温反应过夜。反应结束后用二氯甲烷萃取并用水洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分,最后得到产物(A)或(B)。
一类上述带阳离子可聚合基团的离子液体的用途,可以通过光生酸、光生碱引发聚合,实现聚合物的制备。
进一步地,一种带阳离子可聚合基团的离子液体的聚合体系,其特征在于:包括单体(A)和(B)的一种或者两种,和商品化的单体、低聚物和树脂,不同的引发剂以及少量助剂等按照要求适当添加,包括消泡剂、流平剂、染料、无机填料等。
该类光辐射固化配方体系的特征是:
(1)含有至少一种通式(A)或(B)所描述的可阳离子聚合的离子液体;
(2)至少一种可引发体系聚合的光引发剂单独或复配使用作为配方体系中的光引发组分;
(3)含有至少一种含环氧类或氧杂环丁烷类的可聚合化合物。
(4)体系中可聚合组分总量每100份重量计算,上述式(A)或/和(B)所示的离子液体的含量为0.5~20重量份。
优选地,辐射固化光敏引发剂的光源的发生波长选自紫外光和可见光中的一种及以上。
优选地,辐射固化光敏引发剂的光源选自可发射紫外光、可见光的汞灯、LED光源、LDI光源中的一种以上。
实际上,辐射固化光敏引发剂除了包括可阳离子引发聚合的离子液体和可聚合组分之外,还可以含有根据实际需要添加无机填充剂、有机填充剂、着色剂、其他添加剂和溶剂等任意组分。
其中,着色剂选自颜料或染料。
其他添加剂包括紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、阻燃剂、流平剂或消泡剂。
具体步骤如下:(1)按单体和树脂:光引发剂:助剂的质量比100:0.5-1:0-4.5配比原料;(2)搅拌使其充分溶解;(3)以不同波长或者不同光强的光源照射聚合体系;其中:步骤(3)中的光源可为汞灯(高压,中压和低压),以及发射波长是365-450nm的LEDs,LDI光源。
作为前述的具有环氧基的单体,例如可以列举出例如单官能缩水甘油醚类、多官能脂肪族缩水甘油醚类、多官能芳香族缩水甘油醚类、缩水甘油酯类、脂肪族环氧化合物等。
作为单官能缩水甘油醚类,例如可以列举出,烯丙基缩水甘油醚、丁基缩水甘油醚、苯基缩水甘油醚、2-乙基己基缩水甘油醚、仲丁基苯基缩水甘油醚、叔丁基苯基缩水甘油醚、2-甲基辛基缩水甘油醚等。
作为多官能脂肪族缩水甘油醚类,可以列举出例如,1,6-己二醇缩水甘油醚、三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚、新戊二醇二缩水甘油醚、甘油二缩水甘油醚、甘油三缩水甘油醚、乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚等。
作为多官芳香族缩水甘油醚类,可以列举出例如,双酚A缩水甘油醚、双酚F缩水甘油醚、溴化双酚A缩水甘油醚、联苯酚缩水甘油醚、四甲基联苯酚缩水甘油醚、间苯二酚缩水甘油醚等。
作为缩水甘油酯类,可以列举出例如,丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯、六氢邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯等。
作为脂肪族环氧化合物,可以列举出例如,3,4-环氧环己基甲基-3,4-环氧环己基甲酸酯、3,4-环氧环己基乙基-3,4-环氧环己基甲酸酯、乙烯环己烯基二氧化物、丙烯基环己烯基二氧化物、3,4-环氧-4-甲基环己基-2-丙烯基氧化物等。
本发明的光固化组合物中,前述的可聚合成分也可以为低聚物或预聚物等聚合物的形式,或者是由单体、低聚物、预聚物中的至少一种形成的共聚物。另外,也可以是水性分散体的形式。
作为前述的含环氧基的聚合物,例如可以是含有环氧基的聚合物或者树脂,如双酚A环氧树脂、二环戊二烯型环氧树脂、二氨基二苯基甲烷型环氧树脂、氨基苯酚型环氧树脂、萘型环氧树脂、酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、联苯型环氧树脂、氢化联苯型环氧树脂、脂肪式环氧树脂等。
上述无论是环氧单体或低聚物、预聚物、或共聚物,对本专业从业技术人员而言,都是熟知的,并无特别限定。
符合通式(A)和(B)结构的示例性单体的分子结构列举如下:
X=Br-、NTf2 -、CF3SO3 -、CH3SO3 -、p-MePhSO3 -、BF4 -、B(Ph)4 -、B(PhF5)4 -、PF6 -、SbF6 -、Al(Perfluoro-t-BuO)4 -;
由于采用上述方案,本发明的有益效果是:将带阳离子可聚合基团的离子液体作为活性单体应用到光固化的导电涂层中,这种单体制得的涂料导电性能良好、可防静电、固化条件温和,在紫外光照射下无需加热即可固化,且性能良好,具有巨大的应用前景。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1:
阴离子为溴离子的离子液体A-1-Br的制备过程:
(1)向具有搅拌装置、温度计的玻璃烧瓶中,加入3-羟甲基-3-乙基氧杂环丁烷(5.8g,50mmol)、三乙胺(6.07g,60mmol)及200ml甲苯后、保持温度在5~10℃下,缓缓加入甲磺酰氯(6.30g,55mmol),搅拌下在此温度下反应2小时;随后向玻璃瓶中加入溴化锂(4.78g,55mmol),升温到60~70℃下反应十小时后,追加一定量溴化锂(1.26g,10mmol),继续在此温度下反应8小时。反应结束后,分液,将所得有机层减压蒸馏,得到中间产物(A)-a1-1;
(2)在无水无氧体系中,将咪唑(3.40g,50mmol)溶解于20ml无水四氢呋喃中,控制反应温度为0℃,在10min内,将咪唑的无水四氢呋喃溶液滴加至NaH(2.4g(60%矿物油,50mmol)后,室温下搅拌2-4小时至无氢气冒出,再将混合物降到0℃,滴加上一步所得中间体A-a1-1(19.58g,110mmol),30分钟滴加完后75℃反应过夜。反应结束后冷却至室温,用700ml二氯甲烷稀释,并用质量分数为5%的NaHCO3溶液洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分并用乙醚洗涤,真空干燥,最后得到阴离子为溴离子的淡黄色离子液体A-1-Br。
实施例2:
阴离子双(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺根的离子液体A-1-NTf2的制备过程:
将实施例1中得到的溴离子的离子液体产物(1.73g,5mmol)在80℃下溶解于100mlH2O中,添加10ml的LiNTf2(17.21g,60mmol)水溶液,室温反应过夜。反应结束后用50ml二氯甲烷萃取并用水洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分,最后得到阴离子为双(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺根的产物A-1-NTf2。
实施例3:
阴离子为溴离子的离子液体A-3-Br的制备过程:
(1)向装有100ml二氯甲烷三颈圆底烧瓶中加入3-羟甲基-3-乙基氧杂环丁烷(5.8g,50mmol),将混合物冷却至0℃,加入三乙胺(6.07g,60mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(1.22g,10mmol),搅拌10-60分钟后加入2-溴丙酰溴(10.01g,60mmol)。反应结束后将混合物用100ml饱和NaHCO3溶液洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发有机溶剂并对残余物进行柱色谱(乙酸乙酯:己烷=2:1)提纯,得到中间产物A-a3-1。
(2)在无水无氧体系中,将咪唑(3.40g,50mmol)溶解于20ml无水四氢呋喃中,控制反应温度为0℃,在10min内,将咪唑的无水四氢呋喃溶液滴加至NaH(2.4g(60%矿物油,50mmol)后,,室温下搅拌2-4小时至无氢气冒出,再将混合物降到0℃,滴加上一步所得中间体A-a1-1(26.08g,110mmol),30分钟滴加完后75℃反应过夜。反应结束后冷却至室温。用700ml二氯甲烷稀释,并用质量分数为5%的NaHCO3溶液洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分并用乙醚洗涤,真空干燥,最后得到阴离子为溴离子的淡黄色离子液体A-3-Br。
实施例4:
阴离子为双(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺根的离子液体A-3-NTf2的制备过程:
将实施例3中得到的溴离子的离子液体产物(2.31g,5mmol)在80℃下溶解于100mlH2O中,添加10ml的LiNTf2(17.21g,60mmol)水溶液,室温反应过夜。反应结束后用50ml二氯甲烷萃取并用水洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分,最后得到阴离子为双(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺根的产物A-3-NTf2。
实施例5:
阴离子为三氟甲基磺酸根的离子液体A-3-CF3SO3的制备过程:
将实施例3中得到的溴离子的离子液体产物(2.31g,5mmol)在80℃下溶解于100mlH2O中,添加10ml的CF3SO3Li(9.36g,60mmol)水溶液,室温反应过夜。反应结束后用50ml二氯甲烷萃取并用水洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分,最后得到阴离子为三氟甲基磺酸根的产物A-3-CF3SO3。
实施例6:
阴离子为六氟锑酸根的离子液体A-3-SbF6的制备过程:
将实施例3中得到的溴离子的离子液体产物(2.31g,5mmol)在80℃下溶解于100mlH2O中,添加10ml的F6LiSb(14.56g,60mmol)水溶液,室温反应过夜。反应结束后用50ml二氯甲烷萃取并用水洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分,最后得到阴离子为三氟甲基磺酸根的产物A-3-SbF6。
实施例7:
阴离子为溴离子的离子液体B-1-Br的制备过程:
(1)将咪唑(3.40g,50mmol)和氢氧化钠(2.00g,50mmol)充分混合,在90℃剧烈机械搅拌20小时,然后降至室温,向混合物中加入50mL四氢呋喃,然后加入实施例1所得(A)-a-1中间体(11.85g,50mmol),在70℃反应12-24小时。反应结束后过滤,用四氢呋喃洗涤,蒸发挥发性部分,最后得到中间体(B)-a-1;
(2)将中间体(B)-a-1(22.42g,100mmol)和1,3-二溴丙烷(10.80g,50mmol)装入装有一定量环己烷的100ml圆底烧瓶中,在80℃下进行24h。反应结束后用乙醚洗涤,真空干燥,最后得到阴离子为溴离子的固体产物B-1-Br。
实施例8:
阴离子为双(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺根的离子液体B-1-NTf2的制备过程:
将实施例7中得到的溴离子的离子液体产物(3.11g,5mmol)在80℃下溶解于100mlH2O中,添加10ml的LiNTf2(17.21g,60mmol)水溶液,室温反应过夜。反应结束后用50ml二氯甲烷萃取并用水洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分,最后得到阴离子为双(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺根的产物B-1-NTf2。
实施例9:
阴离子为溴离子的离子液体B-3-Br的制备过程:
将中间体(B)-a-1(22.42g,100mmol)和3,3-双溴甲基氧杂环丁烷(10.80g,50mmol)装入装有一定量环己烷的100ml圆底烧瓶中,在80℃下进行24h。反应结束后用乙醚洗涤,真空干燥,最后得到阴离子为溴离子的固体产物B-3-Br。
实施例10:
阴离子为双(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺根的离子液体B-3-NTf2的制备过程:
将实施例9中得到的溴离子的离子液体产物(3.46g,5mmol)在80℃下溶解于100mlH2O中,添加10ml的LiNTf2(17.21g,60mmol)水溶液,室温反应过夜。反应结束后用50ml二氯甲烷萃取并用水洗涤,加入无水MgSO4干燥,蒸发挥发性部分,最后得到阴离子为双(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺根的产物B-3-NTf2。
实施例11:混合配方光聚合实验:
依据下述的重量百分比配制多个聚合测试样品:选取实施例2、4、8、10中不同阳离子结构的离子液体以及实施例4、5、6中不同阴离子结构的离子液体0~30%;树脂6215 10~60%;光生酸型引发剂3%。
取部分上述混合物加热至80℃并充分搅拌至完全溶解后均匀浇铸在白色聚四氟乙烯模具(长×宽×高5cm×0.5cm×0.2cm)中,用365nm LED面光源(Uvata,上海)在距离样品10cm处进行垂直照射60s。指压刮擦法判定样品完全固化情况。
实施例12:光固化涂层机械性能测试实验:
将实施例11中配出的含不同单体的导电涂料刮膜后光固化,制得导电膜(不含其他塑料基材),使用电子万能材料试验机测试导电涂料剪切强度,测试样品为长60mm、宽10mm的矩形,平均厚度约为100μm,测试标准为GB/T7124-2008,拉伸速度10mm/min。具体结果见表1。
实施例9:导电涂层导电性能测试实验:
使用电阻测试仪测定样品的电阻并计算其体积电阻率;
取一尺寸长为75mm,宽为25mm的玻璃板,用清水、丙酮洗净、烘干,然后用刷子均匀涂上涂料,除去多余涂料,固化,在常温固化后即可测量电阻。电阻的测量是用数字式万用表,每一样品测三次取平均值。
导电涂层厚度测量:先用螺旋测微器测量空白玻璃板的厚度d1,然后再测量涂有导电涂料的玻璃板厚度d2,即可算出导电涂层厚度D=d2-d1。
导电涂层长度测量:玻璃样板的长度即为导电涂层的长度L。导电涂层宽度B也是如此。导电涂层电阻率公式如公式所示:
ρ=R×D×B/L
式中:R为导电涂层电阻;
D为导电涂层厚度;
B为导电涂层宽度;
L为导电涂层长度。
具体结果见表1。
表1导电涂料固化后所得导电薄膜的性能。
单体种类 | 单体含量(%) | 剪切强度(Mpa) | 体积电阻率(Ω·cm) |
实施例2 | 5 | 12 | 5.3×10-3 |
实施例2 | 10 | 10.5 | 5.9×10-3 |
实施例2 | 20 | 9 | 7.2×10-3 |
实施例4 | 10 | 11.3 | 6.2×10-3 |
实施例8 | 10 | 10.7 | 6.7×10-3 |
实施例10 | 10 | 11.6 | 6.5×10-3 |
实施例5 | 10 | 11.0 | 6.0×10-3 |
实施例6 | 10 | 10.9 | 6.1×10-3 |
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