CN114315589A - 一种氘代芳香硝基类化合物的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种氘代芳香硝基类化合物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114315589A CN114315589A CN202111625743.4A CN202111625743A CN114315589A CN 114315589 A CN114315589 A CN 114315589A CN 202111625743 A CN202111625743 A CN 202111625743A CN 114315589 A CN114315589 A CN 114315589A
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- silver
- deuterated
- aromatic nitro
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- -1 deuterated aromatic nitro compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZXSQEZNORDWBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CN=C2NC(=O)CC2=C1 ZXSQEZNORDWBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver carbonate Substances [Ag].[O-]C([O-])=O LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001958 silver carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZXKWUYWWVSKKQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXKWUYWWVSKKQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-LIDOUZCJSA-N deuterated ethanol Substances [2H]OC([2H])([2H])C([2H])([2H])[2H] LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-LIDOUZCJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N deuterated methanol Substances [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940071536 silver acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940096017 silver fluoride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monofluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Ag+] REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- VNFWTIYUKDMAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sphos Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 VNFWTIYUKDMAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- QRUBYZBWAOOHSV-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QRUBYZBWAOOHSV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- SFDJOSRHYKHMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitramide Chemical compound N[N+]([O-])=O SFDJOSRHYKHMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N deuterated chloroform Substances [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 12
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical class CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZDFBKZUDCQQKAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZDFBKZUDCQQKAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRZGWLGOYDEZSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1.CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 WRZGWLGOYDEZSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BEKRIKOBKXQDCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N+](=O)([O-])C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[N+](=O)([O-])C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [N+](=O)([O-])C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[N+](=O)([O-])C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BEKRIKOBKXQDCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012038 nucleophile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- URUKSQOZBKQVRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1.[O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 URUKSQOZBKQVRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTWQOGZBHBLFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-nitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 FTWQOGZBHBLFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOVUXLHIVNBVKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitro-4-phenylmethoxybenzene Chemical compound C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 YOVUXLHIVNBVKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XVPXSYPGUHGLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O.CC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O.CC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O XVPXSYPGUHGLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003096 antiparasitic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CZKMPDNXOGQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(triethyl)germane Chemical compound CC[Ge](Cl)(CC)CC CZKMPDNXOGQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- JCYWCSGERIELPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N imes Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1N1C=CN(C=2C(=CC(C)=CC=2C)C)[C]1 JCYWCSGERIELPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006501 nitrophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005935 nucleophilic addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种氘代芳香硝基类化合物的制备方法,以式Ⅰ所示的芳香硝基衍生物为原料,在惰性气氛保护下,经催化体系作用与氘源试剂发生氘代反应,反应产物经过分离提纯而得;所述催化体系包括银催化剂、配体、溶剂和缚酸剂。本发明工艺方法普适性好,可用于多种芳香硝基衍生物氘代产物的制备;具有安全、绿色、廉价的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成技术领域,特别涉及一种氘代芳香硝基类化合物的制备方法。
背景技术
随着对含氘有机物认识的增加,含氘有机物变得越来越重要。在核磁检测中,氘代试剂如CDCl3,氘代DMSO等可以用于避免普通溶剂的氢原子的干扰,从而可以准确地分析出有机分子的氢元素比例;由于氘的质量相对较大,碳氘键比碳氢键更为稳定,所以在药物以及功能材料等方面的氘代研究逐渐发展起来。
芳香硝基衍生物是一种重要的有机化合物,是有机合成的核心砌块之一,通过它可以实现一系列官能团衍生化,因此以氘代的芳香硝基化合物为底物可进一步衍生出一系列氘代有机化合物。芳香硝基衍生物在功能材料、医药以及石油化工等方面有着广泛应用。比如硝基在药物化学中被认为是一种用途广泛且独特的官能团。它具有很强的电子吸引能力,能在分子中形成局部缺电子位点,并与生命系统中存在的生物亲核试剂(如蛋白质、氨基酸、核酸和酶)相互作用。相互作用可以通过涉及氧化和还原的亲核加成和电子转移发生,也可以通过简单的分子络合发生,以诱导所希望的或不希望的生物变化因此,开展了许多药物化学运动,以研究含有硝基的化合物。因此,含有硝基的药物作为抗肿瘤药物、抗生素已有很长的使用历史和抗寄生虫药物。此外,硝基可以被还原,并可能作为前药,因为它们通过酶还原产生活性物种,并最终诱导生物效应。一些硝基芳香族或硝基杂芳香族化合物可以通过不同的黄酮酶或DNA和/或其他细胞亲核试剂的烷基化反应产生的单电子还原循环来诱导治疗效果激活过程。
目前芳香硝基衍生物的芳香环上的氘代研究仍处于起步阶段,多数氘代芳香硝基衍生物采用化学手段进行制备,且多以经典的有机反应为基础从全氘代苯出发经多步骤的反应制备,反应较为繁杂;近年来,过渡金属对芳香环上的氢氘交换反应的催化报到最多的就是Ir,比如[(cod)Ir(IMES)PR3]PF6在氘气条件下有不错的氘代效果;也有脱卤素氘代,比如[Pd(allyl)Cl]2在以碳酸铯为碱甲苯为溶剂下得到不错的氘代效果,且选择性良好;而银盐催化剂是实际工艺中最为常见且回避了贵金属催化剂,价格低廉,其开发相应的方法具有较好的可操作性和稳定性,催化效率高,产物易分离等特点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种氘代芳香硝基类化合物的制备方法,该方法以活泼性氘试剂为氘源,在合适的配体进行邻(间)位活化的基础上,在碱性环境下完成芳香硝基类衍生物邻(间)位氘代产物的生成,具有可操作性高、氘代效果好的优点。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种氘代芳香硝基类化合物的制备方法,以式Ⅰ所示的芳香硝基衍生物为原料,在惰性气氛保护下,经催化体系作用与氘源试剂发生氘代反应,反应产物经过分离提纯而得;所述催化体系包括银催化剂、配体、溶剂和缚酸剂;
作为优选,所述氘源试剂选自重水、单氘代甲醇、单氘代乙醇中一种或两种。
作为优选,所述惰性气氛为由氮气或氩气所构成的气体环境。
作为优选,所述银催化剂选自碳酸银、氯化银、三氟甲磺酸银、溴化银、氟化银、乙酸银、三氟乙酸银、氧化银中的一种或多种。
作为优选,所述配体为三苯基膦、环己基二苯基膦、三环己基膦、2-二环己基膦基-2′,6′-二甲氧基联苯基、2-二环己膦基-2′-(N,N-二甲胺)联苯、2-(二叔丁基膦)联苯、2-二环己基磷-2′-甲基联苯中的一种。
作为优选,所述溶剂为乙腈、甲苯、甲叔醚、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、乙醇、环己烷中的一种。
作为优选,所述缚酸剂为碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、磷酸钠、磷酸钾、碳酸铯中的一种或多种。
作为优选,氘代反应各物料的摩尔用量比为芳香硝基衍生物:氘源试剂:银催化剂:配体:溶剂:缚酸剂=1:10-500:0.05-0.20:0.15-0.60:1.0-2.0:0.4-3.0。
作为优选,氘代反应的反应温度控制为100-120℃。
作为优选,所述R选自氢、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、芳基、硝基、胺基、酯基、醛基、羟基、磺酸基中的一种或多种;R选择邻位、间位或对位。R可以独立地选择邻、间、对位;R可以是一个取代基也可以是两个取代基,取代基种类可以相同,也可以不同;硝基衍生物的母核可以是苯、萘、蒽、芴、吡啶、苯并噻吩、苯并呋喃、吲哚、喹啉,喹喔啉,且硝基的位于苯环上的任意位置。
本发明的有益效果是:在常规条件下即可完成,一锅法反应无需中途替换溶剂,且反应可操作性高,氘代效果好;工艺方法普适性好,可用于多种芳香硝基衍生物氘代产物的制备;具有安全、绿色、廉价的特点。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的具体说明。
本发明中,若非特指,所采用的原料和设备等均可从市场购得或是本领域常用的。下述实施例中的方法,如无特别说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
总实施方案
一种氘代芳香硝基类化合物的制备方法,以式Ⅰ所示的芳香硝基衍生物为原料,在惰性气氛保护下,经催化体系作用与氘源试剂发生氘代反应,反应产物经过分离提纯而得;所述催化体系包括银催化剂、配体和溶剂;
所述氘源试剂选自重水、单氘代甲醇、单氘代乙醇中一种或两种。所述惰性气氛为由氮气或氩气所构成的气体环境。所述银催化剂选自碳酸银、氯化银、三氟甲磺酸银、溴化银、氟化银、乙酸银、三氟乙酸银、氧化银中的一种或多种。所述配体为三苯基膦、环己基二苯基膦、三环己基膦、2-二环己基膦基-2′,6′-二甲氧基联苯基、2-二环己膦基-2′-(N,N-二甲胺)联苯、2-(二叔丁基膦)联苯、2-二环己基磷-2′-甲基联苯中的一种。所述溶剂为乙腈、甲苯、甲叔醚、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、乙醇、环己烷中的一种。氘代反应各物料的摩尔用量比为芳香硝基衍生物:氘源试剂:银催化剂:配体:溶剂:缚酸剂=1:10-500:0.05-0.20:0.15-0.60:1.0-2.0:0.4-3.0。氘代反应的反应温度控制为100-120℃。
所述R选自氢、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、芳基、硝基、胺基、酯基、醛基、羟基、磺酸基中的一种或多种。R选择邻位、间位或对位。
实施例1硝基苯邻位氘代产物的合成
于15mL干燥的封管中,依次加入碳酸银5mol%(13.7mg),三苯基膦15mol%(39.3mg),碳酸氢钾50mol%(50mg),碳酸钾50mol%(79mg),硝基苯1mmol,甲叔醚0.1mL,D2O(99.9%,1mL),在氮气气氛中置于120℃下反应16h。反应结束后,依次加入5mL乙酸乙酯,2mL H2O,在室温下搅拌约1小时。
反应后,反应体系经乙酸乙酯萃取,HPLC分析粗产物收率为97%。粗产物经柱层析分离后的目标化合物。1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.23(dd,0.14H),7.75–7.66(m,1H),7.55(dd,1.95H).MS(EI)125.1。
实施例2硝基苯邻间位氘代产物的合成
于15mL干燥的封管中,依次加入碳酸银40mol%(110mg),三苯基膦120mol%(314mg),碳酸钾100mol%(138mg),硝基苯1mmol,甲叔醚0.1mL,D2O(99.9%,1mL),在氮气气氛中置于140℃下反应24h。反应结束后,依次加入5mL乙酸乙酯,2mL H2O,在室温下搅拌约1小时。
反应后,反应体系经乙酸乙酯萃取,HPLC分析粗产物收率为78%。粗产物经柱层析分离后的目标化合物。1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.23(dd,0.06H),7.75–7.66(m,1H),7.55(dd,0.20H).MS(EI)129.1。
实施例3硝基苯衍生物邻间位氘代产物的合成
于15mL干燥的封管中,依次加入碳酸银20mol%(55mg),三苯基膦60mol%(157mg),碳酸钾100mol%(138mg),硝基苯1mmol,甲叔醚0.2mL,D2O(99.9%,1mL),在氮气气氛中置于120℃下反应24h。反应结束后,依次加入5mL乙酸乙酯,2mL H2O,在室温下搅拌约1小时。
反应后,反应体系经乙酸乙酯萃取,HPLC分析粗产物收率为97%。粗产物经柱层析分离后的目标化合物。
从各取代的芳香硝基衍生物出发,在上述条件下得到芳香硝基衍生物氘代产物,其结果如下表所示:
化合物编号 | 氘代度(%D) | 产率(%) |
2-d | 380 | 64 |
3-d | 257 | 83 |
4-d | 236 | 90 |
5-d | 377 | 66 |
6-d | 318 | 95 |
7-d | 177 | 84 |
8-d | 270 | 94 |
9-d | 279 | 60 |
10-d | 387 | 94 |
11-d | 394 | 66 |
对氯硝基苯(4-Chloronitrobenzene)(2-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.17(s,1H),7.51(s,1H).MS(EI)161.1。
间硝基甲苯(3-Nitrotoluene)(3-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.02(s,0.04H),8.00(d,J=3.5Hz,0.02H),7.52–7.44(m,0.75H),7.41(dd,J=7.7,4.1Hz,0.57H),2.45(s,3H).MS(EI)140.1。
对硝基苯甲醚(4-Nitroanisole)(4-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.19(s,0.08H),6.94(d,J=7.1Hz,0.18H),3.90(s,3H).MS(EI)157.1。
邻硝基甲苯(2-Nitrotoluene)(5-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.99–7.90(m,0.5H),7.49(dd,J=9.6,5.4Hz,1H),7.37–7.29(m,2H),2.65–2.50(m,3H).MS(EI)140.1。
间硝基苯甲醚(3-Nitroanisole)(6-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.82–7.76(m,0.04H),7.69(d,J=5.9Hz,0.04H),7.40(s,0.63H),7.20(dd,J=11.4,7.4Hz,0.09H),3.87(s,3H).MS(EI)156.1。
对硝基二苯甲酮(4-Nitrobenzophenone)(7-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.34(d,J=8.6Hz,0.44H),7.91(d,J=23.8Hz,1.70H),7.80(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.65(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.53(t,J=7.5Hz,2H).MS(EI)229.1。
对苄氧基硝基苯(p-benzyloxynitrobenzene)(8-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.20(t,J=4.4Hz,0.44H),7.47–7.35(m,5H),7.03(t,J=4.4Hz,0.66H).MS(EI)166.1。
对三氟甲基硝基苯(4-Nitrobenzotrifluoride)(9-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.38–8.31(m,0.05H),7.83(s,1.00H).MS(EI)194.1。
对溴硝基苯(1-Bromo-4-nitrobenzene)(10-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.08(s,0.74H),7.69(d,J=10.9Hz,1H).MS(EI)206.1。
对硝基甲苯(4-Nitrotoluene)(11-d).1H NMR(399MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.17–8.05(m,0.98H),7.38–7.27(m,2H),2.44(dd,J=8.4,6.2Hz,0.18H).MS(EI)141.1。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氘源试剂选自重水、单氘代甲醇、单氘代乙醇中一种或两种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述惰性气氛为由氮气或氩气所构成的气体环境。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述银催化剂选自碳酸银、氯化银、三氟甲磺酸银、溴化银、氟化银、乙酸银、三氟乙酸银、氧化银中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述配体为三苯基膦、环己基二苯基膦、三环己基膦、2-二环己基膦基-2′,6′-二甲氧基联苯基、2-二环己膦基-2′-(N,N-二甲胺)联苯、2-(二叔丁基膦)联苯、2-二环己基磷-2′-甲基联苯中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂为乙腈、甲苯、甲叔醚、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、乙醇、环己烷中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述缚酸剂为碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、磷酸钠、磷酸钾、碳酸铯中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,氘代反应各物料的摩尔用量比为芳香硝基衍生物:氘源试剂:银催化剂:配体:溶剂:缚酸剂=1:10-500:0.05-0.20:0.15-0.60:1.0-2.0:0.4-3.0。
9.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,氘代反应的反应温度控制为100-120℃。
10.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述R选自氢、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、芳基、硝基、胺基、酯基、醛基、羟基、磺酸基中的一种或多种;R选择邻位、间位或对位。
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