CN114269867A - 耐磨损性优异的涂料组合物 - Google Patents
耐磨损性优异的涂料组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114269867A CN114269867A CN202080061552.7A CN202080061552A CN114269867A CN 114269867 A CN114269867 A CN 114269867A CN 202080061552 A CN202080061552 A CN 202080061552A CN 114269867 A CN114269867 A CN 114269867A
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010558 suspension polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明为涂料组合物,其含有(A)含氟共聚物和(B)聚碳酸酯二醇。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂料组合物、涂装物品、和固化覆膜的形成方法。
背景技术
为了防止污染物在塑料制品或合成皮革等物品上的附着或其沉积,广泛实施对物品涂布、被覆含有含氟共聚物的耐污染性涂料。另外,在去除污染物时,要求赋予耐磨损性使不因擦拭操作而发生覆膜的剥离或磨损。
日本特开2000-54000号公报中公开了含氟树脂涂装皮革,其是最外层具有含氟树脂涂膜的皮革,其中,去污试验中的JIS L 0805的污染用灰度为4级以上,并且,由使用JISK 6547记载的CrockMeter型摩擦试验仪的耐乙醇试验导致的含氟树脂涂膜的脱落为50%以下。
日本特开2017-78150号公报中公开了涂料用固化性组合物,其含有特定的有机聚异氰酸酯化合物和特定结构的聚碳酸酯二醇。
国际公开第2018/181147号中公开了涂料组合物,其含有:含氟共聚物、溶剂、和满足规定条件的树脂微粒。
发明内容
本发明提供涂料组合物,其维持高水准的防污性,同时可对物品赋予更优异的耐磨损性。
本发明涉及涂料组合物,其含有:(A)含氟共聚物和(B)聚碳酸酯二醇。
另外,本发明还涉及涂装物品,其具有:基材和形成于该基材上的上述本发明的涂料组合物的固化覆膜。
另外,本发明还涉及固化覆膜的形成方法,该形成方法是对基材涂布上述本发明的涂料组合物以形成涂膜,并使该涂膜固化以形成固化覆膜。
以下,以(A)含氟共聚物作为(A)成分、以(B)聚碳酸酯二醇作为(B)成分进行说明。
根据本发明,提供涂料组合物,其维持高水准的防污性,同时可对物品赋予更优异的耐磨损性。另外,本发明的涂料组合物可赋予这些效果而不损及对象物的手感。因此,适合处理像合成皮革这样的软质材料。
本发明的效果通过组合含氟共聚物和聚碳酸酯多元醇而得到。本发明的涂料组合物例如即使在为了将所应用的物品调整至目标光泽值而在该涂料组合物中掺混具有消光效果的微粒的情况下,也可对物品赋予更优异的耐磨损性而不损及高水准的防污性。
具体实施方式
[涂料组合物]
<(A)成分:含氟共聚物>
(A)成分为含氟共聚物。(A)成分优选为固化性含氟共聚物、进一步优选为热固化性含氟共聚物。
作为(A)成分,可列举:含氟共聚物(以下,称为(A1)成分),其包含:15~85摩尔%的氟烯烃、0.001~30摩尔%的选自下述通式(1)所表示的化合物和通式(2)所表示的化合物的1种以上的有机硅化合物作为聚合单元。
[化学式1]
[这里,R1表示碳原子数为1~6的烷基、-(CH2)r-OOC(CH3)C=CH2或-CH=CH2,R2表示-(CH2)r-OOC(CH3)C=CH2或-CH=CH2,n表示1~420的数,r表示1~6的数。]
作为氟烯烃,其是分子中具有一个以上的氟原子的烯烃,例如适合的是偏二氟乙烯、四氟乙烯、氯三氟乙烯、六氟丙烯等。这些氟烯烃可分别单独使用,也可组合2种以上进行使用。
氟烯烃在(A1)成分的总单体单元中占15~85摩尔%、优选占25~85摩尔%。如果是该范围,则可得到长期的足够的防水防油性、防污性,另外,还可得到足够的耐化学药品性、耐候性。另外,也容易制造。
通式(1)中,n优选为1~420、更优选为2~350、进一步优选为5~200的数。
通式(1)或(2)中所示的有机硅化合物在(A1)成分的总单体单元中占0.001~30摩尔%、优选占0.005~25摩尔%。如果是该范围,则可得到长期的足够的防水防油性、防污性,另外,还可得到足够的耐化学药品性、耐候性。另外,也容易制造。
关于通式(1)或(2)中所示的有机硅化合物,适合的是一个末端被甲基丙烯酸改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷、一个末端被丙烯酸改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷、两个末端被甲基丙烯酸改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷等。
通式(1)或(2)中所示的有机硅化合物可分别单独使用,也可组合2种以上。
通式(1)或(2)中所示的有机硅化合物的数均分子量优选200~30,000。
作为通式(1)或(2)中所示的有机硅化合物,可列举:选自下式(3)、(4)、(5)和(6)所表示的化合物的至少1种有机硅化合物。
CH2=C(CH3)-COO-C3H6-Si(CH3)2-[O-Si(CH3)2]m-R3 (3)
(这里,R3表示碳原子数为1~6的烷基,m表示1~250、优选5~200。)
CH2=CH-COO-C3H6-Si(CH3)2-[O-Si(CH3)2]p-R4 (4)
(这里,R4表示碳原子数为1~6的烷基,p表示1~250、优选5~200。)
R5-C3H6-Si(CH3)2-[O-Si(CH3)2]q-C3H6-R5 (5)
(这里,R5表示-OOC(CH3)C=CH2,q表示1~250、优选5~200。)
CH2=C(CH3)COO-C3H6Si[OSi(CH3)3]3 (6)
(A1)成分可包含除上述氟烯烃和上述有机硅化合物以外的化合物(以下,称为其他单体)的聚合单元。其他单体优选为选自烷基乙烯基醚、烷基烯丙基醚、甲基丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸酯中的一种以上的单体(以下,称为单体(I))。
作为烷基乙烯基醚的具体示例,可列举:甲基乙烯基醚、乙基乙烯基醚、异丙基乙烯基醚、正丙基乙烯基醚、正丁基乙烯基醚、异丁基乙烯基醚、正戊基乙烯基醚、异戊基乙烯基醚、叔戊基乙烯基醚、正己基乙烯基醚、异己基乙烯基醚、2-乙基己基乙烯基醚、环己基乙烯基醚、十八烷基乙烯基醚、缩水甘油基乙烯基醚、缩水甘油氧基甲基乙烯基醚、缩水甘油氧基乙基乙烯基醚、缩水甘油氧基丁基乙烯基醚、缩水甘油氧基戊基乙烯基醚、缩水甘油氧基环己基乙烯基醚、羟甲基乙烯基醚、羟乙基乙烯基醚、羟丙基乙烯基醚、羟丁基乙烯基醚、羟戊基乙烯基醚、羟己基乙烯基醚、4-羟基环己基乙烯基醚、2-(全氟己基)乙基乙烯基醚等。
另外,作为烷基烯丙基醚的具体示例,可列举:乙基烯丙基醚、丁基烯丙基醚、环己基烯丙基醚、异丁基烯丙基醚、正丙基烯丙基醚、烯丙基缩水甘油醚、3-烯丙基氧基-1,2-丙二醇、甘油-α-单烯丙基醚、乙二醇单烯丙基醚等。
另外,作为丙烯酸酯的具体示例,可列举:丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯、丙烯酸-2-羟丁酯、丙烯酸-2-(全氟丁基)乙酯、丙烯酸-2-(全氟己基)乙酯等。
另外,作为甲基丙烯酸酯的具体示例,可列举:甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸环己酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸-3-羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-4-羟丁酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸二环戊酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-(全氟丁基)乙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-(全氟己基)乙酯等。
在包含单体(I)的情况下,在(A1)成分的总聚合单元中,单体(I)的聚合单元的比例优选为1~50摩尔%。
另外,作为其他单体,例如可列举:乙烯、丙烯等烯烃;氯乙烯、偏二氯乙烯等卤代烯烃;乙酸乙烯酯、正丁酸乙烯酯、异丁酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯等烷烃羧酸与乙烯基醇的酯。在(A1)成分的总聚合单元中,这些单体的聚合单元优选小于20摩尔%。
(A1)成分可通过使用聚合引发剂使规定比例的单体混合物共聚来制造。作为该聚合引发剂,根据聚合方式或根据需要而使用的溶剂的种类,适当使用水溶性的引发剂或油溶性的引发剂。作为油溶性引发剂,例如使用:过氧化异丁酸叔丁酯、过氧化乙酸叔丁酯等过氧化酯型过氧化物;过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、过氧化二碳酸二正丙酯等过氧化二碳酸二烷基酯;过氧化苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈等。作为水溶性引发剂,例如使用:过硫酸钾等过硫酸盐、过氧化氢、或者由它们与亚硫酸氢钠、硫代硫酸钠等还原剂的组合构成的氧化还原引发剂、以及使少量的铁、亚铁盐、硝酸银等与它们共存的无机系引发剂或过氧化琥珀酸、过氧化二戊二酸、过氧化单琥珀酸等二元酸盐的有机系引发剂等。这些聚合引发剂的使用量根据其种类、共聚反应条件等适当选择,但通常相对于所使用的单体总量为0.005~5质量%、优选为0.1~2质量%的范围。
对聚合方法没有特别限定,例如可采用本体聚合法、悬浮聚合法、乳液聚合法、溶液聚合法等,优选以丁酮等酮类、乙酸丁酯等羧酸酯类、己烷等脂肪族饱和烃类、二甲苯等芳族烃类、异丙醇等醇类、具有一个以上的氟原子的饱和卤代烃类等为溶剂的溶液聚合法或在水性溶剂中的乳液聚合法。而且,作为用于通过溶液聚合法得到含氟共聚物的特别优选的溶剂,可列举:乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、己烷、环己烷、庚烷、二甲苯、甲苯、异丙醇、丁酮。
在水性溶剂中共聚的情况下(乳液聚合法、悬浮聚合法),通常使用悬浮剂或乳化剂作为分散稳定剂,并且希望添加碱性缓冲剂,使聚合中的反应液的pH值达到4以上、优选6以上。
这些共聚反应中的反应温度通常根据聚合引发剂的聚合介质的种类在-30℃~150℃的范围内适当选择。例如在溶剂中进行共聚的情况下,通常为0℃~100℃、优选为10℃~90℃的范围。对反应压力没有特别限定,通常在0.1~10MPa、优选在0.1~5MPa的范围内选择。
而且,该共聚反应可添加适当的链转移剂来进行。
聚合中氟化氢等酸性物质从单体或聚合物脱离而使聚合溶液呈酸性,在包含聚合物的溶液在贮存中发生增稠或凝胶化的情况下、或者在聚合物与多元异氰酸酯共聚物的固化反应中使用固化催化剂的情况下,在这些酸性物质阻碍催化反应的情况下,也可添加二甲胺、二乙胺、二丙胺、二异丙胺、二丁胺、二异丁胺、二戊胺、二异戊胺、二己胺、二庚胺、二辛胺、三甲胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、三异丙胺、三丁胺、三异丁胺、三戊胺、三异戊胺、三己胺、三庚胺、三辛胺、二氮杂双环十一碳烯、1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷等有机胺类、碱性阴离子交换树脂等离子交换树脂、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、磷酸钠等碱金属盐类或碱土金属盐类、氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化钛等金属氧化物、分子筛等沸石类等,来中和氟化氢等酸性物质。添加的时机可为聚合前、聚合中、聚合后的任一种情形,也可分为2次以上。
(A)成分、进一步为(A1)成分优选为具有羟基、环氧基这样的反应性基团的物质,由此成为固化性。例如,通过使用单体(I)中具有羟基或环氧基的单体,(A)成分、进一步为(A1)成分成为固化性含氟共聚物。
在(A)成分为固化性含氟共聚物的情况下,本发明的涂料组合物优选含有(A)成分的固化剂(以下,简称为固化剂)。
作为固化剂,可列举:多元异氰酸酯化合物。具体而言,可列举:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、五亚甲基二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯、苯二甲基二异氰酸酯、甲基环己基二异氰酸酯、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、正戊烷-1,4-二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯等。这些之中,对于在除异氰酸酯基外的结构中具有不饱和键的化合物而言,可以是其氢化物。另外,可以是由上述多元异氰酸酯化合物构成的异氰脲酸酯改性体、缩二脲改性体、加成改性体、脲基甲酸酯改性体、碳化二亚胺改性体、脲改性体、氨基甲酸乙酯改性体这样的改性体。也优选使用未黄变型的多元异氰酸酯化合物。
在(A)成分为固化性含氟共聚物的情况下,也可进一步使用三聚氰胺固化剂、尿素树脂固化剂、多元酸固化剂等使其加热固化。作为该三聚氰胺固化剂,例如可列举:丁基化三聚氰胺、甲基化三聚氰胺、环氧改性三聚氰胺等,根据用途适当使用各种改性度的固化剂,另外自缩合度也可适当选择。作为尿素树脂固化剂,例如可列举:甲基化尿素树脂或丁基化尿素树脂等,作为多元酸固化剂,例如可列举:长链脂肪族二羧酸、芳族多元羧酸类和它们的酸酐等。
而且,封端化多元异氰酸酯类也可适合用作固化剂。另外,在使用三聚氰胺固化剂或尿素树脂固化剂时,也可通过添加酸性催化剂来促进固化。
在本发明的含氟共聚物含有环氧基作为固化部位的情况下,可列举:通常的用于固化性环氧涂料的固化剂、例如二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、四亚乙基五胺等这样的脂肪族胺类或其改性物、间苯二胺、p-p’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、二氨基苯砜等这样的芳族胺类或其改性物、邻苯二甲酸酐、马来酸酐、草酸酐、六氢邻苯二甲酸、庚二酸等多元羧酸或其酸酐等。
在(A)成分为固化性含氟共聚物的情况下,本发明的涂料组合物相对于100质量份的(A)成分含有优选1~300质量份、更优选2~250质量份、进一步优选3~200质量份的固化剂。
(A)成分、进一步为(A1)成分的数均分子量优选为0.5×104~7.0×104、更优选为0.5×104~5.0×104、更优选为1.0×104~3.0×104、更优选为1.0×104~2.0×104。
(A)成分、进一步为(A1)成分的重均分子量优选为0.5×104~5.0×105、更优选为1.0×104~3.0×105、更优选为2.0×104~2.0×105。
这里,(A)成分、进一步为(A1)成分的数均分子量和重均分子量分别为按照以下条件通过凝胶渗透层析测定而得的值。
测定装置:HLC-8320GPC (Tosoh株式会社);
柱:TDgel SuperHZM-M (Tosoh株式会社);
检测器:RI (装置附带的差示折射计);
标准物质:聚苯乙烯;
数据处理:EcoSEC-WS (Tosoh株式会社);
测定条件:柱温(40℃)、溶剂(四氢呋喃)、流速(0.35mL/分钟)、样品浓度(0.14wt%)、样品注入量(20μL)。
本发明中,(A)成分是具有羟基的固化性含氟共聚物,固化剂优选为由多元异氰酸酯化合物构成的改性体、具体而言是多元异氰酸酯化合物的异氰脲酸酯改性体、加成改性体、脲基甲酸酯改性体或作为它们的混合物的组合。这种情况下,(A)成分和后述的(B)成分所具有的羟基(OH)与固化剂所具有的NCO基的当量比以NCO/OH计优选为0.3~2.0、更优选为0.5~1.5。
本发明的涂料组合物含有优选1~90质量%、更优选1~80质量%、进一步优选1~50质量%、更进一步优选1~30质量%、更进一步优选3~30质量%的(A)成分。
<(B)成分:聚碳酸酯二醇>
(B)成分为聚碳酸酯二醇。作为(B)成分,可列举:下述式(1b)所表示的聚碳酸酯二醇。
[化学式2]
[式中,R1b是碳原子数为2~20的2价烃基,n为1~1000的数。]
式(1b)中,R1b的碳原子数优选为2~15、更优选为2~10、进一步优选为2~8、更进一步优选为2~6。R1b的烃基优选亚烷基、进一步为直链亚烷基(聚亚甲基)。
式(1b)中,n为1~1000、优选为1~800、更优选为1~500、更优选为1~300、更优选为1~100、更优选为1~80。
(B)成分例如可在原料中使用HO-R1b-OH (R1b如上所述)所表示的二醇和碳酸酯,通过酯交换来合成。
另外,(B)成分可使用市售品。作为市售品,例如可列举:旭化成株式会社制造的Duranol “G3450J”、“G3452”、“T4691”、“T4692”、“T4671”、“G4672”、“T5650E”、“T5650J”、“T5651”、“T5652”、“T6001”、“T6002”、三菱化学株式会社制造的BENEBiOL “NL1010DB”、“NL2010DB”、“NL3010DB”、“NL1005B”、“NL2005B”、“NL1030B”、“HS0830B”、“HS0840B”、“HS0840H”、“HS0850S”、Tosoh株式会社制造的Nippollan “981”、“980R”、“982R”、“976”、“965”、“963”、“964”、“968”、宇部兴产株式会社制造的ETERNACOLL “UH-50”、“UH-100”、“UH-200”、“UH-300”、“PH-50”、“PH-100”、“PH-200”、“PH-300”、株式会社Kuraray制造的Kuraray Polyol “C-590”、“C-1090”、“C-2090”、“C-3090”等。
(B)成分可以是二醇成分为碳原子数不同的2种以上的二醇的聚碳酸酯二醇。即,(B)成分可以是使用碳原子数不同的2种以上的二醇得到的聚碳酸酯二醇。例如,(B)成分可以是二醇成分为碳原子数2~6的二醇、且包含碳原子数不同的2种以上的二醇成分的聚碳酸酯二醇。需要说明的是,二醇成分相当于式(1b)的-O-R1b-O-部分。
作为(B)成分的一例,可列举:
二醇成分是碳原子数为3的二醇(1,3-丙二醇)和碳原子数为4的二醇(1,4-丁二醇)的聚碳酸酯二醇;
二醇成分是碳原子数为4的二醇(1,4-丁二醇)和碳原子数为6的二醇(1,6-己二醇)的聚碳酸酯二醇;
二醇成分是碳原子数为5的二醇(1,5-戊二醇)和碳原子数为6的二醇(1,6-己二醇)的聚碳酸酯二醇。
(B)成分的数均分子量优选为300~10,000、更优选为500~5,000、更优选为800~5,000、进一步优选为1,000~3,000。该数均分子量是使用下述装置通过凝胶渗透层析测定而得的值。
测定装置:HLC-8320GPC (Tosoh株式会社);
柱:“TSKgel SuperH1000” (Tosoh株式会社);
“TSKgel SuperH2000” (Tosoh株式会社);
“TSKgel SuperH3000” (Tosoh株式会社);
标准物质:聚苯乙烯;
溶剂:四氢呋喃;
检测器:RI (装置附带的差示折射计)。
本发明的涂料组合物含有优选0.1~50质量%、更优选0.5~40质量%、进一步优选1~30质量%的(B)成分。
本发明的涂料组合物相对于100质量份的(A)成分含有优选1~300质量份、更优选3~250质量份、更优选10~250质量份的(B)成分。
<任意成分等>
本发明的涂料组合物优选含有(C)溶剂[以下,称为(C)成分]。(C)成分优选为溶解(A)成分和/或(B)成分、进一步为(A)成分和(B)成分的溶剂。(C)成分优选有机溶剂。作为有机溶剂,可列举:酯、酮、醇、脂肪族烃等。具体而言,可列举:乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸戊酯等羧酸酯类;丁酮、甲基异丁基酮等酮类;甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、甲氧基丙醇、乙氧基丙醇等醇类;正戊烷、异戊烷、正己烷、异己烷、环己烷、正庚烷、异庚烷、2,2,4-三甲基戊烷等烷烃类。另外,也可使用作为SOLVESSO (商品名)、溶剂油(mineral spirits,矿物精)而已知的溶剂。另外,也可使用甲基溶纤剂、乙二醇单甲醚等醚。另外,还可使用苯、甲苯、二甲苯等芳族烃。另外,还可使用N-甲基吡咯烷酮等吡咯烷酮。上述有机溶剂可使用1种或2种以上。
可使用水作为(C)成分的溶剂,这种情况下优选还含有有机溶剂。在含有水的情况下,水/(水+有机溶剂)的质量比优选为0.01~10。
本发明的涂料组合物含有优选1~99质量%、更优选5~99质量%、进一步优选10~98质量%、进一步优选20~95质量%、进一步优选40~95质量%、进一步优选50~95质量%的(C)成分。
本发明的涂料组合物可添加固化催化剂进行使用。作为固化催化剂,可列举:包含Sn、Zn、Zr、Ti、Bi、Al、Li、Ca等金属的金属络合物类、金属盐类、胺类、有机酸类、酸性磷酸酯类等已知催化剂及其混合物。
另外,作为除(A)成分以外的树脂,可含有丙烯酸树脂、氨基甲酸乙酯树脂、有机硅树脂和它们的清漆等。
例如,考虑到给对象物赋予的光泽,本发明的涂料组合物可含有树脂微粒。树脂微粒的平均粒径例如为0.1~50μm。树脂微粒的平均粒径可使用岛津微小压缩试验仪MCT-510和附带的观察套件(株式会社岛津制作所),通过显微镜观察(物镜倍率50倍)进行测定。作为树脂微粒,可列举:由选自甲基丙烯酸树脂、丙烯酸树脂、有机硅树脂、氨基甲酸乙酯树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、氟树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂、聚醚醚酮树脂、聚碳酸酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂和聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂的1种以上的树脂构成的微粒。例如,相对于100质量份的(A)成分,树脂微粒的含量优选为10~200质量份。树脂微粒可参照国际公开第2018/181147号。在本发明的涂料组合物含有树脂微粒的情况下,为了使其分散性变得良好,可进一步含有有机硅系等的表面处理剂。
本发明的涂料组合物在不损及本发明效果的范围内可含有除(A)、(B)成分和任意的(C)成分以外的任意成分。作为任意成分,可列举:分散剂、增塑剂、增稠剂、消泡剂、防沉淀剂、均化剂、防腐剂、抗菌剂、抗病毒剂、防霉剂、防氧化剂、抗氧化剂、阻燃剂、光稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、润滑剂、防冻剂、成膜助剂、色分离防止剂、pH调节剂、表面活性剂、防结皮剂、催化剂类、吸湿剂、颜料、消臭剂、硅烷偶联剂、抗静电剂、防水剂、防油剂、防锈剂(硅油等)等。
本发明的涂料组合物可用作消光涂料、耐污染性涂料等。
[涂装物品]
本发明提供涂装物品,其具有基材和形成于该基材上的上述本发明的涂料组合物的固化覆膜。本发明的涂装物品可适当应用本发明的涂料组合物中所述的事项。
作为基材,例如可列举:铁、不锈钢、铝等及其表面处理物的金属、水泥、石灰、石膏等水泥系基材;聚氨酯、聚酯、聚氯乙烯、聚烯烃、聚碳酸酯、ABS、丙烯酸树脂等塑料等。另外,还可列举:玻璃、木材、陶瓷等。这些基材例如可预先根据基材的种类通过密封剂进行基底调整。另外,可以是通过本发明的涂料组合物以外的各种涂料在表面形成有涂膜的基材。
基材优选包含选自聚氨酯、氯乙烯、聚烯烃、聚酯、玻璃和金属的材料而构成的基材,更优选包含选自聚氨酯、氯乙烯、聚烯烃的材料而构成的基材。基材优选作为所谓的合成皮革而已知的材料。基材例如优选由选自湿式聚氨酯、干式聚氨酯、水性氨基甲酸乙酯发泡合皮(合成皮料)和氯乙烯的材料构成的合成皮革。
基材可列举:膜状基材、片状基材、以及除这些以外的形状的成型体。基材可以是加工成原料用的成型体、加工成产品用的成型体的任一种。具体而言,膜状基材可列举:聚氨酯膜、氯乙烯膜、PET膜、丙烯酸膜类等。另外,片状基材可列举:湿式聚氨酯合皮片材、干式聚氨酯合皮片材、氨基甲酸乙酯橡胶片材、氯乙烯合皮片材类等。上述成型体可列举:任意形状的丙烯酸(类)成型体、聚碳酸酯成型体、ABS成型体、不饱和聚酯成型体、玻璃类等。
本发明的涂装物品的固化覆膜的膜厚优选为0.1~100μm、更优选为0.2~80μm、进一步优选为0.5~60μm。
固化覆膜的60˚光泽值优选为10以下、更优选为5以下、进一步优选为3以下。
固化覆膜的60˚光泽值是通过Micro-Tri-Gloss (BYK Additives &Instruments)以n=3的水准测定而得的值。
[固化覆膜的形成方法]
本发明提供固化覆膜的形成方法,该方法是在基材上涂布上述本发明的涂料组合物以形成涂膜,并使该涂膜固化以形成固化覆膜。本发明的固化覆膜的形成方法可适当应用本发明的涂料组合物和涂装物品中所述的事项。
基材的具体示例与本发明的涂装物品相同,优选方案也相同。基材可以是加工成原料用的成型体、加工成产品用的成型体的任一种。
在基材上涂布本发明的涂料组合物的方法可根据基材的形状、材质等采用已知的方法,例如可列举:凹版涂布机、辊涂机、逆向辊涂机、逗点(comma,缺角轮)涂布机、刮刀涂布机、棒涂机、辊舐式涂布机、辊涂、喷涂、静电喷涂、幕帘涂布、浸涂、旋转丝网印刷、刷涂等方法。涂料组合物的涂布量或涂膜的厚度可考虑目标固化覆膜的膜厚,根据涂料组合物的组成等适当确定。
将已形成于基材上的涂膜优选加热至30~250℃、更优选加热至40~150℃使其固化。
固化覆膜的膜厚或60˚光泽值的优选范围与本发明的涂装物品相同。
本发明的固化覆膜的膜厚通过利用接触式膜厚计、电磁膜厚计、涡电流膜厚计、光干涉膜厚计、分光椭偏仪、显微镜(光学显微镜、显微镜、SEM、TEM等)进行剖面观察等来测量。另外,也可由通过涂布方法或手段确定的推测湿膜厚,根据涂料的固体成分浓度或组合物比重,利用简易的计算值推测固化覆膜的膜厚。例如,在涂布成湿膜厚为46μm的情况下,在涂料固体成分浓度为15质量%、涂料组合物的比重为0.9时,可求得推测干燥膜厚为46μm×0.15×0.9=6.21μm。利用这样的方法可确定涂膜(湿状态)的膜厚。
本发明还提供涂装物品的制造方法,该制造方法是在基材上涂布上述本发明的涂料组合物以形成涂膜,并使该涂膜固化以形成固化覆膜。在该方法中可适当应用本发明的涂料组合物、涂装物品和固化覆膜的形成方法中所述的事项。
实施例
(合成例1)
如下操作,调制固化性含氟共聚物。
在内容积1L的带不锈钢制搅拌机的高压釜(耐压10MPa)中,进行脱气后,装入96g偏二氟乙烯(以下,简记为VDF)、84g四氟乙烯(以下,简记为TFE)、14.9g乙基乙烯基醚(以下,简记为EVE)、52.2g羟丁基乙烯基醚(以下,简记为HBVE)、10.5g下述结构式中所示的甲基丙烯酸改性硅油A (数均分子量约3500)、400ml乙酸丁酯和1.3g过氧化新戊酸叔丁酯,边搅拌边将内温升至60℃。
甲基丙烯酸改性硅油A:
CH2=C(CH3)-COO-C3H6-Si(CH3)2-[O-Si(CH3)2]44-OSi(CH3)3
之后,边搅拌边继续反应,20小时后停止搅拌,结束反应。所得共聚物通过减压干燥进行分离。共聚物的收量为242g,单体的反应率为94%。所得共聚物通过基于乙酸酐的乙酰化法测定而得的羟基值为104mgKOH/g树脂、通过燃烧法测定而得的氟含量为47质量%、通过GPC (凝胶渗透层析)测定而得的数均分子量为1.9×104。将该共聚物溶解于乙酸丁酯,制成浓度为20质量%的乙酸丁酯溶液(清漆),用于调制涂料组合物。
实施例1
(1) 涂料组合物
调制了以表中所示的组成含有固化性含氟共聚物、聚碳酸酯二醇、溶剂、固化剂等的涂料组合物。这里,用于涂料组合物的成分如下。
[(A)成分]
・固化性含氟共聚物:上述合成例1中得到的固化性含氟共聚物
[(A)成分的固化剂]
・固化剂:异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯加成改性体(商品名:Takenate D-140N (三井化学株式会社)、固体成分:75%、NCO含量:10.5质量%);
[(B)成分]
・聚碳酸酯二醇B1:数均分子量:2000g/摩尔、固体成分:100%、OH值:51~61mgKOH/g树脂、熔点:≤-5℃、二醇成分为1,3-丙二醇和1,4-丁二醇的共聚物。产品名:DuranolG3452 (旭化成株式会社)
・聚碳酸酯二醇B2:数均分子量:2000g/摩尔、固体成分:100%、OH值:46~56mgKOH/g树脂、熔点:5~15℃、二醇成分为1,4-丁二醇和1,6-己二醇的共聚物。产品名:DuranolG4672 (旭化成株式会社)
・聚碳酸酯二醇B3:数均分子量:2000g/摩尔、固体成分:100%、OH值:51~61mgKOH/g树脂、熔点:≤-5℃、二醇成分为1,5-戊二醇和1,6-己二醇的共聚物。产品名:DuranolT5652 (旭化成株式会社);
[(C)成分]
・溶剂:乙酸丁酯;
[其他成分]
・树脂微粒X1:有机改性聚合物微粒、平均粒径:5μm、比重:1.25、熔点:175℃
・树脂微粒X2:丙烯酸树脂微粒、平均粒径:3μm、密度(25℃):1.1g/ml、折射率:1.49、热分解温度:300℃ (氮中)
・树脂微粒X3:氟树脂微粒、平均粒径:3μm、比重:2.1~2.2、熔点:310~320℃
・表面调节剂:聚酯改性有机硅系表面调节剂、固体成分:25%、密度(20℃):0.92g/ml、OH值:35mgKOH/g树脂
・硅油:一个末端甲醇改性体、比重(25℃):0.97、折射率(25℃):1.406、平均分子量:4600g/摩尔、OH值:12mgKOH/g树脂。
涂料组合物如下操作进行调制。
相对于由30质量%的(A)成分(羟基值107)和余量的(C)成分构成的100质量份清漆,加入表1所记载的质量份的(B)成分聚碳酸酯二醇和其他成分,再追加1131.2质量份的(C)成分,使用油漆摇动器(paint shaker)振荡30分钟。在其中加入57.7质量份固化剂,制成涂料组合物。以(A)成分和(B)成分的羟基(OH)与固化剂的异氰酸酯基(NCO)的NCO/OH为1.1 (质量比)的量加入固化剂。涂料组合物是表中所示的组成。需要说明的是,表中的质量%是以有效成分换算计的质量%。
(2) 涂装物品的调制
使用棒涂机(第一理化株式会社制造、No.16)在基材上涂布涂料组合物使干燥膜厚为5μm。这里,基材使用市售的湿式氨基甲酸乙酯合皮基材。将涂布有涂料组合物的基材在120℃下热处理1分钟、然后在100℃下热处理24小时。由此,得到了涂装物品(进行了消光耐污染处理的聚氨酯合成皮革)。
(3) 评价
对涂装物品进行了以下的评价。结果见表1。
(3-1) 60˚光泽值
使用Micro-Tri-Gloss (BYK Additives & Instruments),以n=3的水准测定涂膜表面的60˚光泽值。
(3-2) 防污性
使用油性圆珠笔或油性毡笔在刚刚调制后的涂装物品的表面描绘任意的图形,通过目视对使用干纸巾擦拭时的状况进行观察。这里,油性圆珠笔使用Zebra JIM-KNOCK 黑色墨水(Zebra株式会社)。另外,油性毡笔使用记号油墨(magic ink) 黑色墨水(寺西化学工业株式会社)。按以下基准判定去除性,作为防污性,以5个等级进行评价。
*墨水的黑色颜料去除性的判定基准
5:黑色颜料被完全去除,观察不到色素的痕迹;
4:黑色颜料被完全去除,但观察到少许的色素痕迹;
3:黑色颜料被完全去除,但观察到色素的痕迹;
2:观察到黑色颜料的残留,也观察到色素的痕迹;
1:黑色颜料完全未被去除。
(3-3) 耐磨损性
使用Tribogear表面性测定仪TYPE:14FW (新东科学株式会社),用6号帆布在1500g载荷、速度6000m/分钟、移动距离100mm的条件下对涂装物品的表面进行磨损处理,根据直至基材露出的往返次数,评价各自的耐磨损性。测定中进行磨损处理直至往返3000次,在该时间点基材未露出的情形记为“超过3000”。
[表1]
Claims (23)
1.涂料组合物,其含有:(A)含氟共聚物和(B)聚碳酸酯二醇。
3.权利要求1或2所述的涂料组合物,其中,(A)为固化性含氟共聚物,且含有该固化性含氟共聚物的固化剂。
4.权利要求3所述的涂料组合物,其中,(A)为具有羟基的固化性含氟共聚物,且该固化性含氟共聚物的固化剂为多元异氰酸酯化合物。
5.权利要求3或4所述的涂料组合物,其中,相对于100质量份的(A),含有1~300质量份的固化剂。
6.权利要求1~5中任一项所述的涂料组合物,其中,含有1~90质量%的(A)。
7.权利要求1~6中任一项所述的涂料组合物,其中,含有0.1~50质量%的(B)。
8.权利要求1~7中任一项所述的涂料组合物,其中,相对于100质量份的(A),含有1~300质量份的(B)。
10.权利要求1~9中任一项所述的涂料组合物,其中,进一步含有(C)溶剂。
11.权利要求10所述的涂料组合物,其中,(C)为有机溶剂。
12.权利要求10或11所述的涂料组合物,其中,含有1~99质量%的(C)。
13.涂装物品,其具有:基材和形成于该基材上的权利要求1~12中任一项所述的涂料组合物的固化覆膜。
14.权利要求13所述的涂装物品,其中,固化覆膜的膜厚为0.1~100μm。
15.权利要求13或14所述的涂装物品,其中,固化覆膜的60˚光泽值为10以下。
16.权利要求13~15中任一项所述的涂装物品,其中,基材包含选自聚氨酯、氯乙烯、聚酯、聚烯烃、玻璃和金属的材料而构成。
17.权利要求13~16中任一项所述的涂装物品,其中,基材为膜状或片状。
18.固化覆膜的形成方法,该形成方法是在基材上涂布权利要求1~12中任一项所述的涂料组合物以形成涂膜,并使该涂膜固化以形成固化覆膜。
19.权利要求18所述的固化覆膜的形成方法,其中,固化覆膜的膜厚为0.1~100μm。
20.权利要求18或19所述的固化覆膜的形成方法,其中,固化覆膜的60˚光泽值为10以下。
21.权利要求18~20中任一项所述的固化覆膜的形成方法,其中,基材包含选自聚氨酯、氯乙烯、聚酯、聚烯烃、玻璃和金属的材料而构成。
22.权利要求18~21中任一项所述的固化覆膜的形成方法,其中,基材为膜状或片状。
23.权利要求18~22中任一项所述的固化覆膜的形成方法,其中,将上述涂膜加热至30~250℃使其固化。
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PCT/JP2020/032997 WO2021045030A1 (ja) | 2019-09-02 | 2020-09-01 | 耐摩耗性の優れた塗料組成物 |
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WO2018079775A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 車両内装部材用塗料組成物、車両内装部材および車両内装部材の製造方法 |
WO2018193926A1 (ja) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-10-25 | 関東電化工業株式会社 | 含フッ素共重合体 |
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JP3029627B2 (ja) * | 1990-02-20 | 2000-04-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 塗料用樹脂組成物 |
JP3948126B2 (ja) | 1998-08-10 | 2007-07-25 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 含フッ素樹脂塗装皮革 |
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JP4540876B2 (ja) | 2001-04-10 | 2010-09-08 | 中国塗料株式会社 | 硬化性組成物、塗料組成物、その塗膜およびその用途 |
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