CN114158376B

CN114158376B - Fruit vegetables waste compost and cascaded device of integration is planted to photovoltaic light filling

Info

Publication number: CN114158376B
Application number: CN202111359433.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 单莉莉; 罗振宇; 祝泽兵; 赖海涛; 刘雪梅; 张卫风; 鲁秀国
Original assignee: East China Jiaotong University
Current assignee: East China Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2021-11-17
Filing date: 2021-11-17
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-17
Also published as: CN114158376A

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated stepped device for fruit and vegetable garbage composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting, which comprises a metal frame, wherein two ends of the upper surface of the metal frame are respectively provided with a height-adjusting support, a plurality of planting boxes are sequentially arranged between the two height-adjusting supports from top to bottom, light supplementing assemblies are arranged at the top ends of the planting boxes, composting assemblies are arranged in the planting boxes, and water-stop plates are arranged at the bottom ends of the planting boxes; the light supplementing assembly comprises nylon ladder ropes arranged on the surfaces of the two adjacent sides of the height adjusting supports, an LED plant light supplementing lamp arranged between the bottom ends of the two nylon ladder ropes, and a solar photovoltaic panel arranged on one side of the planting box; the compost subassembly includes the joint in the inside mechanism of food of throwing of planting incasement portion to and install in the mechanism that separates soil of throwing food mechanism bottom. The invention combines the novel environment-friendly biological treatment technology of earthworm composting with organic vegetable planting, brings the technology into families, and meets the requirement of practical application.

Description

Fruit vegetables waste compost and cascaded device of integration is planted to photovoltaic light filling

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of planting equipment, in particular to an integrated step type device for composting fruit and vegetable garbage and planting photovoltaic light supplementing.

Background

In recent years, complete harmless treatment of household garbage cannot meet social development requirements, and related technology research and development are developing towards the direction of realizing reduction and resource utilization to the greatest extent. The compost is used as an excellent organic solid garbage treatment mode, the harmless level and the reduction degree are high, and compost products can be used as fertilizers to realize resource utilization. The earthworm is used as a omnivorous animal, contains a large amount of microorganisms in the body, decomposes organic solid waste by using the earthworm and converts the organic solid waste into humus which can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, and is an innovation of the traditional composting process.

Based on the problems, the process development of 'changing waste into valuable' of earthworm compost needs to be greatly promoted. At present, most of the existing biological earthworm composting reactors focus on treatment methods such as sludge, cow dung, landscaping, kitchen waste and the like. The conversion efficiency of the organic fertilizer is improved by physical and chemical means such as crushing, turning, spraying, adding a modifier and the like. However, most of the above operations require a complete motor to drive, which increases the social power consumption to some extent.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an integrated stepped device for composting fruit and vegetable waste and photovoltaic light supplementing planting so as to realize resource recycling to the greatest extent.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, the invention aims to provide an integrated stepped device for fruit and vegetable garbage composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting, which is used for solving the technical problems in the background technology.

The invention provides an integrated stepped device for fruit and vegetable garbage composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting, which comprises a metal frame, wherein two ends of the upper surface of the metal frame are respectively provided with a height-adjusting support, a plurality of planting boxes are sequentially arranged between the two height-adjusting supports from top to bottom, the top ends of the planting boxes are provided with light supplementing assemblies, the interior of each planting box is provided with a composting assembly, and the bottom ends of the planting boxes are provided with water-stop plates;

the light supplementing assembly comprises nylon ladder ropes arranged on the surfaces of one sides, close to each other, of the two height-adjusting supports, an LED plant light supplementing lamp arranged between the bottom ends of the two nylon ladder ropes, and a solar photovoltaic panel arranged on one side of the planting box;

the compost subassembly include the joint in plant the incasement portion throw edible mechanism, and install in throw the soil separating mechanism of edible mechanism bottom, throw edible mechanism include the joint in the spacing part of beating of planting case both sides, and locate two the material bearing cylinder between the spacing part of beating, the surface mounting who holds the material cylinder has the rotation handle.

Further, still including install in heighten the controller on support side surface, and locate and be close to the controller plant the crushing unit of incasement portion, the controller passes through the wire and is a plurality of LED plant light filling lamp is connected, because the controller is connected with the photoswitch of a plurality of LED plant light filling lamps through the wire for vegetable growers regulate and control LED plant light filling lamp light irradiation time through the controller, high-efficient imitative sunshine, extension plant light irradiation time.

Furthermore, crushing unit including peg graft in plant incasement portion soil in the filtrating fill, install in the loading cylinder of filtrating fill upper surface to and the cover is located the hand-pulling type cracker on loading cylinder top drives the rotatory breakage that realizes fruit vegetables rubbish of sword post through the pull ring seesaw that stimulates hand-pulling type cracker top, and granular fruit vegetables rubbish realizes the filtrating separation at the loading cylinder that has the filtration pore.

Furthermore, heightening the support including install in the bracing piece of metal crate upper surface is located from top to bottom in proper order the bracing piece surface, and install in proper order in the support frame of planting the case lower surface. In this embodiment, through fixing the support frame on the bracing piece, the rethread support frame provides the support for planting the case.

Further, heightening the support still including locating support frame surface, and confession the couple that the nylon ladder rope articulated, from top to bottom alternate in proper order a plurality of bolts on the support frame casing to and from top to bottom locate in proper order on the casing of bracing piece and supply the locating hole that the bolt alternated. In this embodiment, the nylon ladder rope has the structure of steel hook for both ends, and wherein the one end of nylon ladder rope is hung on the couple on the bracing piece, and the other end is hung on the horizontal ladder of different positions to in the height and then the control of adjusting LED plant light filling lamp shine the light intensity, prevent that vegetables from burning.

Furthermore, the spacing rapping component comprises a hanging hook clamped on one side of the planting box, a hollow supporting plate fixed on one side of the planting box away from the hanging hook, and a rotating shaft rotatably connected with one end, away from the hanging hook, of the hollow supporting plate through a bearing, wherein one end, away from the hollow supporting plate, of the rotating shaft is installed at one end of the material bearing cylinder. In this embodiment, hold the material cylinder and rotate between two cavity supporting disks, the cavity supporting disk can the joint on planting the case through articulating the hook, accomplishes the fixed of self.

Furthermore, the limiting rapping component also comprises a coil spring fixed at one end of the rotating shaft extending to the inside of the hollow supporting disk, and one end of the coil spring, which is far away from the hollow supporting disk, is arranged on the inner surface of the hollow supporting disk. In the embodiment, after the vegetable grower loosens the rotating handle, the material bearing cylinder returns to the original working position by the energy storage of the coil spring.

Furthermore, spacing rapping component is still including installing in the rotation axis extends to the card post of the surface of the inside one end of cavity supporting disk, and the cover is located the spring of rotation axis one end surface is kept away from to the card post, and the cover is located the hammer of beating that shakes of rotation axis one end surface is kept away from to the spring, shake the hammer and keep away from the one end of spring and the internal surface looks butt of ring gear, the ring gear install in cavity supporting disk internal surface. In this embodiment, the rapping hammer on the spring can constantly strike the ring gear with the help of the energy storage of spring to in the soil separating mechanism can be shaken off fast to the fruit vegetables disintegrating slag in the material bearing column body.

Furthermore, a clamping hook is fixed on the lower surface of one end, close to the hollow supporting disk, of the hanging hook. In this embodiment, because second baffle and first baffle fixed connection, second baffle and first baffle synchronous motion, first baffle promotes the trip for the trip supports on planting the inner wall of case, thereby utilizes to plant the case and provides the support for separating soil mechanism.

Furthermore, it includes the joint in to separate native mechanism the first baffle of trip bottom to and install in the second baffle of first baffle both sides, the bottom of first baffle is equipped with the confession the draw-in groove that the trip alternated. In this embodiment, two rows of round holes are left at the lower end of the second partition plate, and a certain distance is left from the bottom of the planting area, so that earthworm composting is facilitated to the greatest extent.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, the novel environment-friendly biological treatment technology of earthworm compost is combined with organic vegetable planting, the technology is brought into families, the fruit and vegetable garbage recycling work is solved at the starting point of recycling and transportation, organic fertilizer is utilized in time, and meanwhile, the requirements of current people on organic vegetables are combined, so that people can easily accept the novel environment-friendly technology;

secondly, the composting operation is simple, the organic carbon in the fruit and vegetable garbage is converted into the organic fertilizer which can be absorbed by plants without depending on electric drive, and the growth of organic vegetables is promoted. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation board absorbs solar energy to supply power to the LED plant light supplement lamp, so that the illumination time is prolonged, the whole zero-energy-consumption composting of the device is realized, the carbon emission can be reduced to the maximum extent, the device is suitable for popularization, and the carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization targets are met.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention as set forth above.

In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the fruit and vegetable waste composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting integrated stepped device provided by the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a height-adjusting support in the fruit and vegetable waste composting and photovoltaic light-supplementing planting integrated stepped device provided by the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a smashing component in the fruit and vegetable garbage composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting integrated stepped device provided by the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a composting component in the fruit and vegetable waste composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting integrated stepped device provided by the invention;

fig. 5 is an exploded structural view of a composting component in the fruit and vegetable waste composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting integrated stepped device provided by the invention;

FIG. 6 is a structural cross-sectional view of a planting box in the integrated fruit and vegetable waste composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting stepped device provided by the invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural principle diagram of a controller in the integrated stepped device for composting fruit and vegetable waste and planting photovoltaic light supplement provided by the invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a light supplementing assembly in the fruit and vegetable waste composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting integrated stepped device provided by the invention.

Description of the main symbols:

metal frame	10	Clamp column	5115
				Height-adjustable support	20	Spring	5116
Support rod	21	Vibrating hammer	5117
				Supporting frame	22	Clamping hook	5118
Hook for hanging articles	23	Toothed ring	5119
				Locating hole	24	Material bearing cylinder	512
Planting box	30	Rotary handle	513
				Light supplementing assembly	40	Soil separating mechanism	52
Nylon ladder rope	41	First partition board	521
				LED plant light supplement lamp	42	Second partition plate	522
Solar photovoltaic panel	43	Clamping groove	523
				Composting assembly	50	Controller	60
Feeding mechanism	51	Shredding assembly	70
				Spacing rapping component	511	Filter liquid bucket	71
Hanging hook	5111	Charging barrel	72
				Hollow support plate	5112	Hand-pulling type breaker	73
Rotating shaft	5113	Water-stop sheet	80
				Coil spring	5114

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides an integrated stepped device for composting fruit and vegetable waste and planting photovoltaic light supplement, which includes a metal frame 10, wherein two ends of the upper surface of the metal frame 10 are provided with height-adjusting brackets 20. Be equipped with a plurality of planting casees 30 from top to bottom in proper order between two height-adjusting supports 20, the top of planting case 30 is equipped with light filling subassembly 40, and the inside of planting case 30 is equipped with compost subassembly 50, and the water-stop sheet 80 is installed to the bottom of planting case 30.

The light supplement assembly 40 includes two nylon ladder ropes 41 installed on one side surfaces of the two heightening brackets 20 close to each other, an LED plant light supplement lamp 42 installed between the bottom ends of the two nylon ladder ropes 41, and a solar photovoltaic panel 43 installed on one side of the planting box 30.

The composting assembly 50 comprises a feeding mechanism 51 clamped inside the planting box 30 and a soil isolation mechanism 52 arranged at the bottom end of the feeding mechanism 51. The feeding mechanism 51 comprises limit rapping components 511 which are clamped at two sides of the planting box 30, and a material bearing cylinder 512 which is arranged between the two limit rapping components 511, wherein a rotating handle 513 is arranged on the outer surface of the material bearing cylinder 512.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a pair of retractable legs is provided between the solar photovoltaic panel 43 and the planting box 30, so as to adjust the angle for receiving the solar light and absorb the solar energy to the maximum extent, so that the self-sufficiency in the energy consumption of the device is realized after the electric energy generated by the solar photovoltaic panel 43 is converted into the electric energy used by the LED plant light supplement lamp 42 through the dc-ac converter.

Further, the water-stop sheet 80 is a grid plastic sheet with pillar holes to prevent the planting box 30 from collapsing, and is placed at the bottom of each layer of planting box 30 to be combined with the ventilation and drainage channel at the bottom of the planting box 30, so that the bottom of the planting box 30 has good ventilation and drainage effects. Wherein, the water-stop sheet 80 helps the earth bottom to drain water, and the outlet of the ventilation drainage channel is hung with a transparent water box with visible water level, so that the accumulated water condition of the soil layer can be checked and timely treated, and the accumulated water is prevented from overflowing to pollute the vegetables below.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the device further includes a controller 60 installed on a side surface of the height-adjustable support 20, and a crushing assembly 70 disposed near the controller 60 and inside the planting box 30. The controller 60 is connected to the plurality of LED plant light supplement lamps 42 through a wire.

The crushing assembly 70 includes a filtrate hopper 71 inserted into the soil inside the planting box 30, a charging tube 72 mounted on the upper surface of the filtrate hopper 71, and a hand-pulling breaker 73 sleeved on the top end of the charging tube 72.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, because the controller 60 is connected with the photoswitch of the plurality of LED plant light supplement lamps 42 through the wire, the vegetable grower can regulate and control the light irradiation time and height of the LED plant light supplement lamps 42 through the controller 60, so as to efficiently simulate the sunlight and prolong the light irradiation time of the plants.

Further, the pull ring at the top end of the hand-pulling type crusher 73 is pulled to move back and forth to drive the cutter post to rotate so as to crush the fruit and vegetable garbage, the granular fruit and vegetable garbage is subjected to filtrate separation in the charging barrel 72 with the filtering holes, the separated filtrate is collected in the filtrate hopper 71 below, and the charging barrel 72 is detachably connected with the filtrate hopper 71 through threads.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the height-adjustable support 20 includes a support rod 21 mounted on the upper surface of the metal frame 10, and a support frame 22 sequentially sleeved on the outer surface of the support rod 21 and sequentially mounted on the lower surface of the planting box 30 from top to bottom. In addition, heightening support 20 is still including locating support frame 22 surface and supplying couple 23 that nylon ladder rope 41 articulated, from top to bottom in alternate in proper order a plurality of bolts on the support frame 22 casing to and from top to bottom locate in proper order just supply the locating hole 24 that the bolt alternates on the casing of bracing piece 21.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the support frame 22 is fixed on the support rod 21, and then the support frame 22 provides support for the planting box 30, and the bottom of the planting box 30 has a ventilation drain channel leading to the side surface thereof; the water box that has a visual water level is hung in ventilation drain way exit, can look over the ponding condition on soil layer, can prevent simultaneously that ponding from overflowing to influence below LED plant light filling lamp 42's use, improves the device security, and the planting case 30 left side that is close to controller 60 has a window that is used for looking over the interior broken condition of charging barrel 72.

Further, nylon ladder rope 41 is the structure that two have the steel hook, but the different couples 23 on the optional bracing piece 21 to adjust the height and then the control of LED plant light filling lamp 42 and shine the light intensity, prevent that vegetables from burning.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the vibration limiting and beating component 511 includes a hanging hook 5111 fastened to one side of the planting box 30, a hollow supporting plate 5112 fixed to one side of the hanging hook 5111 far away from the planting box 30, and a rotating shaft 5113 rotatably connected to one end of the hollow supporting plate 5112 far away from the hanging hook 5111 through a bearing.

Wherein, the end of the rotation axis 5113 far away from the hollow support disc 5112 is installed on one end of the material bearing cylinder 512. The limit rapping member 511 further comprises a coil spring 5114 fixed to the rotary shaft 5113 and extending to an end inside the hollow supporting plate 5112, wherein an end of the coil spring 5114 remote from the hollow supporting plate 5112 is mounted to an inner surface of said hollow supporting plate 5112.

In addition, the limit rapping component 511 further comprises a clamping column 5115 which is arranged on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft 5113 extending to the inside of the hollow supporting plate 5112, a spring 5116 which is sleeved on the outer surface of one end of the clamping column 5115 far away from the rotating shaft 5113, and a rapping hammer 5117 which is sleeved on the outer surface of one end of the spring 5116 far away from the rotating shaft 5113. Wherein, one end of the rapping hammer 5117 far away from the spring 5116 is abutted against the inner surface of the gear ring 5119, the gear ring 5119 is installed on the inner surface of the hollow supporting disc 5112, and the lower surface of the hooking hook 5111 near one end of the hollow supporting disc 5112 is fixed with a hook 5118.

The soil separating mechanism 52 comprises a first partition plate 521 clamped at the bottom end of the hook 5118 and second partition plates 522 arranged at two sides of the first partition plate 521, wherein a clamping groove 523 for the hook 5118 to penetrate is arranged at the bottom end of the first partition plate 521.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the vegetable grower rotates the material holding cylinder 512 by rotating the handle 513, the material holding cylinder 512 drives the rotating shaft 5113 to rotate, and since the rotating shaft 5113 is rotationally connected with the hollow supporting disc 5112, the material holding cylinder 512 rotates between the two hollow supporting discs 5112, and the hollow supporting disc 5112 is clamped on the planting box 30 by the hooking hook 5111 to complete the fixation thereof;

furthermore, when the vegetable grower rotates the material bearing cylinder 512 by rotating the handle 513, the material bearing cylinder 512 drives the rotating shaft 5113 to rotate, and the coil spring 5114 is connected between the rotating shaft 5113 and the inner wall of the hollow supporting disc 5112, so that after the vegetable grower loosens the rotating handle 513, the material bearing cylinder 512 returns to the original working position by virtue of the energy storage of the coil spring 5114;

further, when a vegetable grower rotates the material-bearing cylinder 512 by rotating the handle 513, the material-bearing cylinder 512 drives the rotating shaft 5113 to rotate, the rotating shaft 5113 drives the clamping column 5115 to rotate, and the clamping column 5115 drives the spring 5116 to revolve around the rotating shaft 5113;

at this time, the rapping hammer 5117 on the spring 5116 continuously impacts the toothed ring 5119 by means of the energy stored by the spring 5116, the toothed ring 5119 transmits the vibration force to the hollow supporting disc 5112, and the hollow supporting disc 5112 transmits the vibration force to the material bearing cylinder 512, so that the fruit and vegetable residues in the material bearing cylinder 512 can be quickly shaken off to the soil separating mechanism 52;

further, the hooking hook 5111 hooks the first partition 521 via the hook 5118, and when the soil-separating mechanism 52 is installed, the first partition 521 is pushed via the second partition 522, and the hook 5118 is pushed by the first partition 521, so that the hook 5118 abuts against the inner wall of the planting box 30, and the planting box 30 is utilized to support the soil-separating mechanism 52;

furthermore, the top of the second partition plate 522 and the top of the first partition plate 521 are tightly attached to the side wall of the material bearing cylinder 512, so that a cavity composting area in a dark environment is formed below the material bearing cylinder 512, the first partition plates 521 on two sides are respectively provided with a strip-shaped clamping groove 523 clamped on a clamping hook 5118, the height of the second partition plate 522 is 16cm, the length of the cavity composting area is the width of each planting area, the width is 8cm, the height is about 12cm, and the average space is about 3800cm ³ Two rows of round holes are reserved at the lower end of the second partition 522, and a height distance of 13cm is reserved from the bottom of the planting area, so that earthworm composting is facilitated to the maximum extent.

The specific operation mode of the invention is as follows:

after being crushed into particles with proper particle size of 1-3 cm by the crushing component 70, the fruit and vegetable garbage is placed on the material containing cylinder 512, and the handle 513 is rotated to drive the material containing cylinder 512 to open downwards so as to throw the fruit and vegetable garbage into a cavity composting area surrounded by the second partition plate 522 and the first partition plate 521; then, in order to ensure that the composting environment is dark, the material bearing cylinder 512 is returned to prevent the sun rays from being emitted into the composting area and prevent the odor of the compost from being emitted to influence the air quality;

along with the aggravation of the rotten smell of the fruits and vegetables, the earthworms are attracted by the smell and gathered to the position close to a cavity formed by the second partition plate 522 and the first partition plate 521, enter a composting area by bypassing the second partition plate 522 and the first partition plate 521 through two rows of round holes at the lower end of the second partition plate 522 or 13cm of height distance at the lower end, swallow fruit and vegetable garbage in the cavity, leave the composting area after part of the earthworms are swallowed and move in the soil of the whole planting box 30, are discharged after a period of time, and stay the earthworm excrement in the soil of the planting box 30, namely organic fertilizer required by the vegetables, so that the transportation is realized by the self-movement of the earthworms, and the nutrition in the fruit and vegetable garbage is transported to the soil of the planting box 30 from the composting area;

in order to improve the activity of the earthworms, each layer of feeding device is fed in a rotating mode, the position of the material bearing cylinder 512 is changed when the next batch of vegetables are planted, and then the position of the cavity composting area is changed, so that the problem that the fertility of soil near the cavity surrounded by the second partition plate 522 and the first partition plate 521 is far larger than that of other parts of the planting area is solved.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: those skilled in the art can still make modifications or changes to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some features, within the scope of the disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The fruit and vegetable garbage composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting integrated stepped device comprises a metal frame (10) and is characterized in that height-adjusting supports (20) are arranged at two ends of the upper surface of the metal frame (10), a plurality of planting boxes (30) are sequentially arranged between the two height-adjusting supports (20) from top to bottom, a light supplementing assembly (40) is arranged at the top ends of the planting boxes (30), a composting assembly (50) is arranged inside the planting boxes (30), and a water-stop plate (80) is arranged at the bottom ends of the planting boxes (30);

the light supplementing assembly (40) comprises nylon ladder ropes (41) which are arranged on the surfaces of one sides, close to each other, of the two height-adjusting supports (20), an LED plant light supplementing lamp (42) which is arranged between the bottom ends of the two nylon ladder ropes (41), and a solar photovoltaic panel (43) which is arranged on one side of the planting box (30);

the composting assembly (50) comprises a feeding mechanism (51) clamped in the planting box (30) and a soil isolation mechanism (52) arranged at the bottom end of the feeding mechanism (51), the feeding mechanism (51) comprises limiting rapping parts (511) clamped at two sides of the planting box (30) and a material bearing cylinder (512) arranged between the two limiting rapping parts (511), and a rotating handle (513) is arranged on the outer surface of the material bearing cylinder (512);

the limiting rapping component (511) comprises a hanging hook (5111) clamped on one side of the planting box (30), a hollow supporting plate (5112) fixed on one side, far away from the planting box (30), of the hanging hook (5111), and a rotating shaft (5113) rotatably connected with one end, far away from the hanging hook (5111), of the hollow supporting plate (5112) through a bearing, wherein one end, far away from the hollow supporting plate (5112), of the rotating shaft (5113) is installed at one end of the material bearing cylinder (512);

the limit rapping component (511) also comprises a coil spring (5114) which is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft (5113) extending to the inner part of the hollow supporting plate (5112), and one end of the coil spring (5114) far away from the hollow supporting plate (5112) is arranged on the inner surface of the hollow supporting plate (5112);

the limiting rapping component (511) further comprises a clamping column (5115) installed on the outer surface of one end of the inner portion of the hollow supporting disc (5112) and extending to the rotating shaft (5113), a spring (5116) sleeved on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft (5113) is far away from the clamping column (5115), and a rapping hammer (5117) sleeved on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft (5113) is far away from the spring (5116), one end of the rapping hammer (5117) far away from the spring (5116) is abutted to the inner surface of the gear ring (5119), and the gear ring (5119) is installed on the inner surface of the hollow supporting disc (5112).

2. The integrated stepped device for fruit and vegetable waste composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a controller (60) mounted on one side surface of the height-adjusting bracket (20), and a crushing assembly (70) arranged inside the planting box (30) close to the controller (60), wherein the controller (60) is connected with the plurality of LED plant light supplementing lamps (42) through conducting wires.

3. The integrated stepped device for composting fruit and vegetable waste and planting according to claim 2 and being characterized in that the smashing assembly (70) comprises a filtrate hopper (71) inserted into soil inside the planting box (30), a charging barrel (72) mounted on the upper surface of the filtrate hopper (71), and a hand-pulling type crusher (73) sleeved on the top end of the charging barrel (72).

4. The integrated stepped device for composting of fruit and vegetable wastes and planting of photovoltaic light supplement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height-adjusting bracket (20) comprises a support rod (21) mounted on the upper surface of the metal frame (10), and support frames (22) sequentially sleeved on the outer surface of the support rod (21) from top to bottom and sequentially mounted on the lower surface of the planting box (30).

5. The fruit and vegetable waste compost and photovoltaic light supplementing planting integrated stepped device according to claim 4, wherein the height-adjusting support (20) further comprises a hook (23) which is arranged on the outer surface of the support frame (22) and used for hooking the nylon ladder rope (41), a plurality of bolts which are sequentially inserted into the shell of the support frame (22) from top to bottom, and positioning holes (24) which are sequentially arranged on the shell of the support rod (21) from top to bottom and used for inserting the bolts.

6. The integrated stepped device for fruit and vegetable waste composting and photovoltaic light supplementing planting according to claim 1, wherein a clamping hook (5118) is fixed to the lower surface of one end, close to the hollow supporting plate (5112), of the hanging hook (5111).

7. The integrated stepped device for composting of fruit and vegetable wastes and planting of photovoltaic light supplement as claimed in claim 6, wherein the soil isolation mechanism (52) comprises a first partition plate (521) clamped at the bottom end of the clamping hook (5118) and second partition plates (522) arranged at two sides of the first partition plate (521), and a clamping groove (523) for the insertion of the clamping hook (5118) is formed at the bottom end of the first partition plate (521).