CN114128569A - Plant seedling raising method - Google Patents
Plant seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114128569A CN114128569A CN202111451634.5A CN202111451634A CN114128569A CN 114128569 A CN114128569 A CN 114128569A CN 202111451634 A CN202111451634 A CN 202111451634A CN 114128569 A CN114128569 A CN 114128569A
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- seedling raising
- seedling
- seedlings
- hardening
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a plant seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps: seedling raising, namely buckling a seedling raising chamber at a sowing position, wherein the seedling raising chamber comprises a supporting part and a film buckling part, the supporting part is connected and arranged at the lower part of the film buckling part and is completely inserted into soil during seedling raising, and the film buckling part is buckled with the soil to form a relatively closed arc-shaped space so as to enable seeds to germinate and grow in the arc-shaped space; hardening seedlings, namely pulling up the upward part of the seedling raising chamber when the seedlings grow to a preset stage to enable the supporting part to be exposed out of the land, enabling the arc-shaped space to be communicated with the outside through a gap between the film buckling part and the land, keeping the state for a period of time, continuously pulling up the supporting part when the seedlings continuously grow to another preset stage, and continuously pulling up the supporting part after the seedlings continuously grow for a period of time to enable the seedling plants to gradually expand the space communicated with the outside, so that the in-situ hardening is realized; and (4) final singling, wherein after the seedlings completely adapt to the external environmental conditions, the seedling raising room is removed, and final singling is realized. The invention realizes the in-situ seedling raising, hardening and final singling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a seedling raising method capable of reducing cost and improving efficiency.
Background
The traditional plant seedling raising method comprises two links of seedling raising and transplanting, wherein the seedling raising is generally carried out by using a cold frame or a greenhouse for direct seeding or a nutrition pot, and the seedling is transplanted to the field after the seedling grows to a proper size and is hardened. The existing plant seedling raising method has the defects of high labor intensity, high investment and the like. Meanwhile, no matter direct seeding or nutrition pot seedling is adopted, when the seedling grows to a proper size, the seedling needs to be transplanted to the field, and the seedling transplanting survival rate problem and the seedling revival process of the transplanted seedling exist after the seedling is transplanted to the field, so that the field seedling shortage, the plant growth period shortening, the flowering phase delaying and the yield influencing are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
One main object of the present invention is to provide a method for growing seedlings of plants, which can reduce the cost and improve the efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant seedling raising method for achieving seedling raising, hardening-seedling and final-seedling of a plant at the same place, comprising the steps of:
the seedling raising room is used for raising seedlings, the seedling raising room is buckled at a sowing position, the seedling raising room comprises a supporting part and a film buckling part, the supporting part is connected with the lower part of the film buckling part and is completely inserted into soil during seedling raising, and the film buckling part is buckled with the soil to form a relatively closed arc-shaped space so that seeds can germinate and grow in the arc-shaped space;
stage hardening, when the seedling grows to a preset stage, pulling up the upward part of the seedling raising chamber to enable the supporting part to be exposed out of the soil, enabling the arc-shaped space to be communicated with the outside through a gap between the film buckling part and the soil, keeping the state for a period of time, continuously pulling up the supporting part when the seedling continuously grows to another preset stage, and continuously pulling up the supporting part after the seedling continuously grows for a period of time to enable the seedling plant to gradually expand the space communicated with the outside, so that the in-situ hardening is realized;
and (4) final singling, wherein after the seedlings completely adapt to the external environmental conditions, the seedling raising room is removed, and final singling is realized.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the film buckling part of the seedling raising chamber comprises a frame and a buckling film, the frame comprises a rectangular frame and an arc-shaped support, the buckling film is attached to the arc-shaped support surface, and the support part of the seedling raising chamber comprises four support legs which are all connected to the top point of the rectangular frame.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fastening film is a PO film with a thickness of 0.08-0.15 mm.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lower end of the buckling film is fixed on four sides of the rectangular frame by a film pressing clip.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the rectangular frame is 15-30 cm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the support leg is 15-25 cm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the seedling plant is luffa, the hardening off includes three stages: in the first stage, the distance between the film buckling part and the ground is 5cm, and the duration time is 2-5 days; the distance between the film buckling part and the ground in the second stage is 10cm, and the duration time is 2-5 days; in the third stage, the distance between the film covering part at daytime and the ground is 10cm, the distance between the film covering part at night and the ground is 5cm, and the duration time is 6-8 days.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the seedling plant is luffa, the seedling growing method includes the following steps:
(1) arranging planting furrows: 3, 20 days after the month, turning soil, and finishing the loofah planting furrows;
(2) sowing: and digging holes according to the specified plant spacing, wherein the hole depth is 3-5 cm. And (5) watering, and sowing after the water is completely infiltrated. 3 seeds are placed in each hole in a dispersed manner, and soil is covered;
(3) soil treatment: the acetochlor and the like are sprayed on soil to prevent and kill off annual gramineous weeds and some dicotyledonous weeds so as to prevent the weeds from growing under the warm and humid environment created in a seedling raising room at the later stage;
(4) the nursery room uses: aligning the seedling raising chamber right above the sowing position, slightly pressing a lifting handle of the seedling raising chamber downwards to enable the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber to penetrate into the soil until four edges of a rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground, and creating a warm and humid environment for the germination and growth of castor seeds through a closed small chamber formed by a PO film covered on an arc-shaped support and the ground through a greenhouse effect;
(5) hardening seedlings: beginning to germinate the towel gourd seeds sequentially in 28 days in 3 months, growing seedlings to a proper size, and exercising the seedlings when the outside temperature is proper;
the first stage seedling exercising begins at 4 months and 6 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 5cm unearthed and the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards at night to enable four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground and keep warm, hardening seedlings for 3 days in the first stage, and not hardening the seedlings in the cooling weather;
and 4, 9 days, starting the second stage of hardening seedlings: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 10cm unearthed and the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards at night to enable four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground and keep warm, hardening seedlings in the second stage for 3 days, and not hardening the seedlings in the cooling weather;
the third stage seedling hardening is started in 4 months and 12 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 10cm unearthed, communicating the small chamber with the external environment, slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards in the evening to ensure that the middle frame of the seedling raising chamber is 5cm unearthed, and hardening the seedlings for 7 days in the third stage, wherein the seedling hardening operation is not carried out in the cooling weather;
(6) isolating and weeding in a seedling raising room: four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground by lightly pressing the lifting handle downwards, and the seedlings are weeded by chemical agents by utilizing the isolation and protection effect of the seedling raising chamber on the seedlings. At this time, the selection of chemical herbicide becomes very easy because of the existence of the nursery;
(7) removing the seedling raising room: removing the seedling raising chamber after chemical weeding is finished, and arranging and storing for next use;
(8) and (3) final singling: and (4) when the seedlings grow to 4 true leaves, fixing the seedlings, reserving one healthy seedling in each hole, and then managing according to a normal mode.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the seedling plant is castor bean, the hardening off includes four stages: in the first stage, the distance between the film buckling part in the daytime and the ground is 2cm, the film buckling part is completely buckled at night, and the duration time is 4-6 days; in the second stage, the distance between the film buckling part in the daytime and the ground is 5cm, the film buckling part is completely buckled at night, and the duration time is 2-5 days; in the third stage, the distance between the film buckling part in the daytime and the ground is 10cm, the film buckling part is completely buckled at night, and the duration time is 2-5 days; in the fourth stage, the distance between the film covering part in the daytime and the ground is 10cm, the distance between the film covering part at night and the ground is 5cm, and the duration time is 6-8 days.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the seedling is castor bean, the seedling growing method comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation: 3, 10 days after the month, carrying out rotary tillage on the land;
(2) sowing: and digging holes according to the row spacing of 125cm and the plant spacing of 80cm, wherein the hole depth is 3-5 cm. And (5) watering, and sowing after the water is completely infiltrated. Placing 3 seeds in each hole, placing the seeds in a dispersed manner, and covering soil;
(3) soil treatment: the acetochlor and the like are sprayed on soil to prevent and kill off annual gramineous weeds and some dicotyledonous weeds so as to prevent the weeds from growing under the warm and humid environment created in a seedling raising room at the later stage;
(4) the nursery room uses: aligning the seedling raising chamber right above the sowing position, slightly pressing a lifting handle of the seedling raising chamber downwards to enable the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber to penetrate into the soil until four edges of a rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground, and creating a warm and humid environment for the germination and growth of castor seeds through a closed small chamber formed by a PO film covered on an arc-shaped support and the ground through a greenhouse effect;
(5) hardening seedlings: the castor seeds germinate continuously from 3 months to 20 days, seedlings grow to a proper size, and hardening the seedlings when the outside temperature is proper;
starting the first stage of hardening off seedlings at 1 day 4 month: after the sun comes out in the morning, the lifting handle is pulled upwards slightly to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber come out of the soil by about 2cm, so that the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; before sunset at night, the four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground by slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards, and heat preservation is carried out, seedling hardening lasts for 5 days in the first stage, and seedling hardening operation is not carried out in the period of cooling weather;
and 4, 6 months, starting the second stage of seedling hardening: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 5cm unearthed and the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards at night to enable four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground and keep warm, hardening seedlings in the second stage for 3 days, and not hardening the seedlings in the cooling weather;
the third stage of hardening off seedlings is started at 4 months and 9 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 10cm unearthed and the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; slightly pressing the handle downwards in the evening to enable four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground and keep warm; in the third stage, hardening seedlings for 3 days, and in the period of cooling weather, the hardening seedlings are not carried out;
and 4, starting a fourth stage of hardening seedlings at 12 days in month 4: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 10cm unearthed, communicating the small chamber with the external environment, slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards in the evening to ensure that the middle frame of the seedling raising chamber is 5cm unearthed, and hardening the seedlings for 7 days in the fourth stage, wherein the seedling hardening operation is not carried out in the cooling weather;
(6) isolating and weeding in a seedling raising room: downwards lightly pressing the lifting handle to enable four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground, and weeding by using a chemical agent by utilizing the isolation protection effect of the seedling raising chamber on seedlings;
(7) removing the seedling raising room: removing the seedling raising chamber after chemical weeding is finished, and arranging and storing for next use;
(8) and (3) final singling: and (4) when the seedlings grow to 3-5 true leaves, fixing the seedlings, reserving one healthy seedling in each hole, and then managing according to a normal mode.
According to the technical scheme, the plant seedling raising method has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention can realize seedling raising, seedling exercising and final singling at the same place without transplanting, saves a large amount of cost and workload, improves the survival rate of plant seedlings, improves the working efficiency, has very high market value and is suitable for popularization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a nursery room according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a nursery room according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a nursery room according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a nursery room according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first state of use of the nursery room according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a second use state of the nursery room according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1. a rectangular frame; 2. arc-shaped support; 3. supporting legs; 4. buckling a membrane; 5. a handle; 6. and (5) seedling plants.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.
In the following description of various examples of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration various example structures, systems, and steps in which aspects of the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other specific arrangements of parts, structures, example devices, systems, and steps may be utilized and structural and functional modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Moreover, although the terms "top," "bottom," "front," "back," "side," and the like may be used in this specification to describe various example features and elements of the invention, these terms are used herein for convenience only, e.g., as to the orientation of the examples described in the figures. Nothing in this specification should be construed as requiring a specific three dimensional orientation of structures in order to fall within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a nursery room according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a nursery room according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a nursery room according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a nursery room according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first state of use of the nursery room according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a second use state of the nursery room according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the plant raising method of the present invention uses a raising chamber including a mulching film formation part and a support part. Wherein, detain the membrane part and include the frame and detain the membrane, the frame includes that rectangle frame 1 and arc support 2, detain 4 pastes of membrane and apply 2 surfaces are supported to the arc, the support part of growing seedlings the room includes four supporting legs 3, four supporting legs 3 all connect on the summit of rectangle frame 1, still connect on rectangle frame 1 and be provided with handle 5 to conveniently draw whole room of growing seedlings.
The buckling membrane 4 is a greenhouse PO membrane, and the lower end of the buckling membrane is fixed on the rectangular frame 1 through a membrane pressing clamp.
The plant seedling raising method and the plant seedling raising device provided by the invention can be used for raising seedlings in the planting process of plants (especially suitable for low-density cultivated crops such as loofah, castor-oil plant and the like). When the rectangular frame is used, the handle 5 is lightly pressed downwards, the seedling raising chamber is inserted into soil from the right upper part of a sowing position, and four sides of the rectangular frame 1 are tightly attached to the ground. At this time, the PO film coated on the arc-shaped support 2 forms a closed cell with the ground, providing a warm and humid environment for the germination of the plant seeds and the growth of the seedlings 6 by the greenhouse effect. When the seeds germinate and grow to a proper size and the outside temperature is proper, slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to enable the small chamber to be communicated with the outside environment for hardening the seedlings; and in the evening, the handle is slightly pressed downwards to ensure that four edges of the rectangular frame 1 are tightly attached to the ground for heat preservation. Hardening seedlings gradually, and the penetration degree of the seedling raising chamber and the external environment can be controlled by adjusting the soil penetration depth of the fixing frame of the seedling raising chamber. Remove the nursery after hardening the seedling process, arrange and accomodate and wait to use next time.
In a preferred embodiment, the rectangular frame 1, the supporting legs 3, the handle 5 and the arc-shaped supports 2 are made of steel bars and steel wires, but not limited to the material and the specification, as long as the frame, the fixing frame and the handle can bear certain pressure to be inserted into soil, and the arc-shaped supports 2 have certain tension to support the buckling films.
The buckling membrane 4 is a greenhouse PO membrane with the thickness of 0.08-0.15 mm, is not limited to the material and the specification, and can be a material with certain toughness, light transmission, heat preservation and good non-dripping performance.
The rectangular frame 1, the supporting legs 3, the lifting handle 5 and the arc-shaped supports 2 are fixedly connected together through welding. Of course, the connection is not limited to welding, and other methods such as wire binding may be adopted, but the wire is prevented from puncturing the PO film of the greenhouse.
The length of the side of the rectangular frame 1 can be set according to the size of the plant seedling. Preferably the rectangular frame 1 has a side length of 15-30 cm. More preferably, the side length of the frame is 20cm, and the frame with the size is suitable for seedling raising of seeds of castor-oil plants, towel gourds and the like.
The distance from the top point of the upper part of the arc-shaped support 2 to the plane of the rectangular frame 1 can be set according to the growth height of the plant seedling. Preferably, the distance between the top point of the arc support 2 and the plane of the rectangular frame 1 is 15-30 cm. More preferably, the distance from the top point of the arc support 2 to the plane of the rectangular frame 1 is about 20cm, and the arc support 2 with the size is suitable for the growth height of plant seedlings such as castor-oil plants, towel gourds and the like.
The length of the support legs 3 can be set according to the wind power. Preferably, the length of the fixing frame is 15-25 cm. More preferably, the length of the fixing frame is about 20cm, and the fixing frame with the size is suitable for seedling culture cultivation of low-density planting crops such as castor-oil plants, towel gourds and the like in North China.
1. The following describes a specific application of the plant seedling raising method and the seedling raising device provided by the invention in the cultivation of towel gourds.
(1) Arranging planting furrows: and 3, 20 days after 3 months, turning soil and finishing the loofah planting ditches.
(2) Sowing: and digging holes according to the specified plant spacing, wherein the hole depth is 3-5 cm. And (5) watering, and sowing after the water is completely infiltrated. 3 seeds are placed in each hole in a dispersed mode, and the soil is covered.
(3) Soil treatment: the acetochlor is sprayed on soil to prevent and kill annual gramineous weeds and some dicotyledonous weeds so as to prevent the weeds from growing in a warm and humid environment created in a seedling raising room at a later stage.
(4) The nursery room uses: the nursery room is aligned to the position right above the sowing position, the lifting handle of the nursery room is lightly pressed downwards, the fixing frame of the nursery room is made to penetrate into the soil until the four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the nursery room are tightly attached to the ground, and the PO film covered on the arc-shaped support 2 and the closed small chamber formed on the ground create a warm and humid environment for the germination and growth of castor seeds through the greenhouse effect.
(5) Hardening seedlings: the towel gourd seeds germinate in sequence starting at 28 days 3 months. And (5) when the seedlings grow to be in proper size and the outside temperature is proper, hardening the seedlings. Hardening seedlings gradually, and controlling the penetration degree of the seedling raising chamber and the external environment by adjusting the soil penetration depth of the fixing frame of the seedling raising chamber, so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the external environment condition until completely adapting to the external environment condition.
Starting the first stage seedling hardening after about 4 months and 6 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the fixing frame of the seedling raising room is excavated by about 5cm and the small room is communicated with the external environment; in the evening, the handles are lightly pressed downwards to ensure that the four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground and heat is preserved. In the first stage, the hardening of seedlings lasts for about 3 days, and the hardening operation is not carried out in the period of cooling weather.
And (3) starting the second stage of seedling hardening after about 4 months and 9 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the fixing frame of the seedling raising room is about 10cm unearthed and the small room is communicated with the external environment; in the evening, the handles are lightly pressed downwards to ensure that the four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground and heat is preserved. In the second stage, the seedling hardening lasts for about 3 days, and the seedling hardening operation is not carried out in the period of cooling weather.
Starting the third stage of hardening off seedlings about 4 months and 12 days: the lifting handle is slightly pulled upwards in the morning to ensure that the fixing frame of the seedling raising chamber is about 10cm unearthed, the small chamber is communicated with the external environment, and the lifting handle is slightly pressed downwards in the evening to ensure that the middle frame of the seedling raising chamber is about 5cm unearthed. In the third stage, the hardening off lasts for about 7 days, and the hardening off operation is not carried out in the period of cooling weather.
Through the process, the seedlings can basically adapt to the external environmental conditions.
(6) Isolating and weeding in a seedling raising room: four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground by lightly pressing the lifting handle downwards, and the seedlings are weeded by chemical agents by utilizing the isolation and protection effect of the seedling raising chamber on the seedlings. At this time, the selection of chemical herbicide becomes very easy because of the existence of the nursery room.
(7) Removing the seedling raising room: remove the nursery after the chemical weeding, arrange and accomodate and wait to use next time.
(8) And (3) final singling: and (4) when the seedlings grow to about 4 true leaves, fixing the seedlings, reserving one healthy seedling in each hole, and then managing according to a normal mode.
2. The following describes a specific application of the plant seedling raising method and the seedling raising device provided by the invention in cultivating castor-oil plants.
(1) Land preparation: and 3, months and 10 days, and carrying out rotary tillage on the land.
(2) Sowing: and digging holes according to the row spacing of 125cm and the plant spacing of 80cm, wherein the hole depth is 3-5 cm. And (5) watering, and sowing after the water is completely infiltrated. 3 seeds are put in each hole, the seeds are scattered and placed, and the soil is covered.
(3) Soil treatment: the acetochlor is sprayed on soil to prevent and kill annual gramineous weeds and some dicotyledonous weeds so as to prevent the weeds from growing in a warm and humid environment created in a seedling raising room at a later stage.
(4) The nursery room uses: the nursery room is aligned to the position right above the sowing position, the lifting handle of the nursery room is lightly pressed downwards, the fixing frame of the nursery room is made to penetrate into the soil until the four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the nursery room are tightly attached to the ground, and the PO film covered on the arc-shaped support 2 and the closed small chamber formed on the ground create a warm and humid environment for the germination and growth of castor seeds through the greenhouse effect.
(5) Hardening seedlings: the castor seeds germinate sequentially from 3 months to 20 days. And (5) when the seedlings grow to be in proper size and the outside temperature is proper, hardening the seedlings. Hardening seedlings gradually, and controlling the penetration degree of the seedling raising chamber and the external environment by adjusting the soil penetration depth of the fixing frame of the seedling raising chamber, so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the external environment condition until completely adapting to the external environment condition.
Starting the first stage seedling hardening after about 4 months and 1 day: after the sun comes out in the morning, the lifting handle is slightly pulled upwards to ensure that the fixing frame of the seedling raising chamber is about 2cm unearthed, so that the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; before sunset in the evening, the lifting handle is slightly pressed downwards to enable the four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground and keep warm. In the first stage, the hardening of seedlings lasts for about 5 days, and the hardening operation is not carried out in the period of cooling weather.
And (3) starting the second stage of seedling hardening after about 4 months and 6 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the fixing frame of the seedling raising room is excavated by about 5cm and the small room is communicated with the external environment; in the evening, the handles are lightly pressed downwards to ensure that the four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground and heat is preserved. In the second stage, the seedling hardening lasts for about 3 days, and the seedling hardening operation is not carried out in the period of cooling weather.
Starting the third stage of hardening off seedlings about 4 months and 9 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the fixing frame of the seedling raising room is about 10cm unearthed and the small room is communicated with the external environment; in the evening, the handles are lightly pressed downwards to ensure that the four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground and heat is preserved. In the third stage, seedling hardening lasts for about 3 days, and during the period, the seedling hardening operation is not carried out in the cooling weather.
Starting the fourth stage of seedling hardening after about 4 months and 12 days: the lifting handle is slightly pulled upwards in the morning to ensure that the fixing frame of the seedling raising chamber is about 10cm unearthed, the small chamber is communicated with the external environment, and the lifting handle is slightly pressed downwards in the evening to ensure that the middle frame of the seedling raising chamber is about 5cm unearthed. And in the fourth stage, the hardening of the seedlings lasts for about 7 days, and the hardening operation is not carried out in the cooling weather.
Through the process, the seedlings can basically adapt to the external environmental conditions.
(6) Isolating and weeding in a seedling raising room: four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground by lightly pressing the lifting handle downwards, and the seedlings are weeded by chemical agents by utilizing the isolation and protection effect of the seedling raising chamber on the seedlings. At this time, the selection of chemical herbicides becomes very easy because of the existence of the nursery room.
(7) Removing the seedling raising room: remove the nursery after the chemical weeding, arrange and accomodate and wait to use next time.
(8) And (3) final singling: and (4) when the seedlings grow to 3-5 true leaves, fixing the seedlings, reserving one healthy seedling in each hole, and then managing according to a normal mode.
It should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the specific constructions and processes illustrated in the foregoing detailed description are exemplary only, and are not limiting. Furthermore, the various features shown above can be combined in various possible ways to form new solutions, or other modifications, by a person skilled in the art, all falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plant seedling raising method is characterized in that the plant seedling raising method is used for realizing seedling raising, seedling hardening and seedling fixing of plants in the same place, and comprises the following steps:
the seedling raising room is used for raising seedlings, the seedling raising room is buckled at a sowing position, the seedling raising room comprises a supporting part and a film buckling part, the supporting part is connected with the lower part of the film buckling part and is completely inserted into soil during seedling raising, and the film buckling part is buckled with the soil to form a relatively closed arc-shaped space so that seeds can germinate and grow in the arc-shaped space;
stage hardening, when the seedling grows to a preset stage, pulling up the upward part of the seedling raising chamber to enable the supporting part to be exposed out of the soil, enabling the arc-shaped space to be communicated with the outside through a gap between the film buckling part and the soil, keeping the state for a period of time, continuously pulling up the supporting part when the seedling continuously grows to another preset stage, and continuously pulling up the supporting part after the seedling continuously grows for a period of time to enable the seedling plant to gradually expand the space communicated with the outside, so that the in-situ hardening is realized;
and (4) final singling, wherein after the seedlings completely adapt to the external environmental conditions, the seedling raising room is removed, and final singling is realized.
2. A plant seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the film covering part of the seedling raising chamber comprises a frame and a covering film, the frame comprises a rectangular frame and an arc-shaped support, the covering film is attached to the arc-shaped support surface, and the support part of the seedling raising chamber comprises four support legs, and the four support legs are all connected to the vertex of the rectangular frame.
3. A plant seedling raising method according to claim 2, wherein the mulching film is a PO film having a thickness of 0.08 to 0.15 mm.
4. A plant seedling raising method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the lower end of the retaining film is fixed to four sides of the rectangular frame by a film-pressing clip.
5. A plant seedling raising method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rectangular frame has a side length of 15 to 30 cm.
6. A plant growth method according to claim 2, wherein the support leg is 15-25cm in length.
7. A plant seedling raising method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, when the seedling plant is a Luffa cylindrica, the seedling exercising comprises three stages: in the first stage, the distance between the film buckling part and the ground is 5cm, and the duration time is 2-5 days; the distance between the film buckling part and the ground in the second stage is 10cm, and the duration time is 2-5 days; in the third stage, the distance between the film covering part at daytime and the ground is 10cm, the distance between the film covering part at night and the ground is 5cm, and the duration time is 6-8 days.
8. A plant seedling raising method according to claim 7, wherein when the seedling plant is luffa, the seedling raising method comprises the steps of:
(1) arranging planting furrows: 3, 20 days after the month, turning soil, and finishing the loofah planting furrows;
(2) sowing: and digging holes according to the specified plant spacing, wherein the hole depth is 3-5 cm. And (5) watering, and sowing after the water is completely infiltrated. 3 seeds are placed in each hole in a dispersed manner, and soil is covered;
(3) soil treatment: the acetochlor and the like are sprayed on soil to prevent and kill off annual gramineous weeds and some dicotyledonous weeds so as to prevent the weeds from growing under the warm and humid environment created in a seedling raising room at the later stage;
(4) the nursery room uses: aligning the seedling raising chamber right above the sowing position, slightly pressing a lifting handle of the seedling raising chamber downwards to enable the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber to penetrate into the soil until four edges of a rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground, and creating a warm and humid environment for the germination and growth of castor seeds through a closed small chamber formed by a PO film covered on an arc-shaped support and the ground through a greenhouse effect;
(5) hardening seedlings: beginning to germinate the towel gourd seeds sequentially in 28 days in 3 months, growing seedlings to a proper size, and exercising the seedlings when the outside temperature is proper;
the first stage seedling exercising begins at 4 months and 6 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 5cm unearthed and the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards at night to enable four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground and keep warm, hardening seedlings for 3 days in the first stage, and not hardening the seedlings in the cooling weather;
and 4, 9 days, starting the second stage of hardening seedlings: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 10cm unearthed and the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards at night to enable four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground and keep warm, hardening seedlings in the second stage for 3 days, and not hardening the seedlings in the cooling weather;
the third stage seedling hardening is started in 4 months and 12 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 10cm unearthed, communicating the small chamber with the external environment, slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards in the evening to ensure that the middle frame of the seedling raising chamber is 5cm unearthed, and hardening the seedlings for 7 days in the third stage, wherein the seedling hardening operation is not carried out in the cooling weather;
(6) isolating and weeding in a seedling raising room: four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground by lightly pressing the lifting handle downwards, and the seedlings are weeded by chemical agents by utilizing the isolation and protection effect of the seedling raising chamber on the seedlings. At this time, the selection of chemical herbicide becomes very easy because of the existence of the nursery;
(7) removing the seedling raising room: removing the seedling raising chamber after chemical weeding is finished, and arranging and storing for next use;
(8) and (3) final singling: and (4) when the seedlings grow to 4 true leaves, fixing the seedlings, reserving one healthy seedling in each hole, and then managing according to a normal mode.
9. A plant seedling raising method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, when the seedling plant is castor bean, the hardening off of the seedling comprises four stages: in the first stage, the distance between the film buckling part in the daytime and the ground is 2cm, the film buckling part is completely buckled at night, and the duration time is 4-6 days; in the second stage, the distance between the film buckling part in the daytime and the ground is 5cm, the film buckling part is completely buckled at night, and the duration time is 2-5 days; in the third stage, the distance between the film buckling part in the daytime and the ground is 10cm, the film buckling part is completely buckled at night, and the duration time is 2-5 days; in the fourth stage, the distance between the film covering part in the daytime and the ground is 10cm, the distance between the film covering part at night and the ground is 5cm, and the duration time is 6-8 days.
10. A plant seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein when the seedling is castor bean, the seedling raising method comprises the steps of:
(1) land preparation: 3, 10 days after the month, carrying out rotary tillage on the land;
(2) sowing: and digging holes according to the row spacing of 125cm and the plant spacing of 80cm, wherein the hole depth is 3-5 cm. And (5) watering, and sowing after the water is completely infiltrated. Placing 3 seeds in each hole, placing the seeds in a dispersed manner, and covering soil;
(3) soil treatment: the acetochlor and the like are sprayed on soil to prevent and kill off annual gramineous weeds and some dicotyledonous weeds so as to prevent the weeds from growing under the warm and humid environment created in a seedling raising room at the later stage;
(4) the nursery room uses: aligning the seedling raising chamber right above the sowing position, slightly pressing a lifting handle of the seedling raising chamber downwards to enable the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber to penetrate into the soil until four edges of a rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground, and creating a warm and humid environment for the germination and growth of castor seeds through a closed small chamber formed by a PO film covered on an arc-shaped support and the ground through a greenhouse effect;
(5) hardening seedlings: the castor seeds germinate continuously from 3 months to 20 days, seedlings grow to a proper size, and hardening the seedlings when the outside temperature is proper;
starting the first stage of hardening off seedlings at 1 day 4 month: after the sun comes out in the morning, the lifting handle is pulled upwards slightly to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber come out of the soil by about 2cm, so that the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; before sunset at night, the four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber are tightly attached to the ground by slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards, and heat preservation is carried out, seedling hardening lasts for 5 days in the first stage, and seedling hardening operation is not carried out in the period of cooling weather;
and 4, 6 months, starting the second stage of seedling hardening: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 5cm unearthed and the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards at night to enable four sides of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground and keep warm, hardening seedlings in the second stage for 3 days, and not hardening the seedlings in the cooling weather;
the third stage of hardening off seedlings is started at 4 months and 9 days: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 10cm unearthed and the small chamber is communicated with the external environment; slightly pressing the handle downwards in the evening to enable four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground and keep warm; in the third stage, hardening seedlings for 3 days, and in the period of cooling weather, the hardening seedlings are not carried out;
and 4, starting a fourth stage of hardening seedlings at 12 days in month 4: slightly pulling the lifting handle upwards in the morning to ensure that the supporting legs of the seedling raising chamber are about 10cm unearthed, communicating the small chamber with the external environment, slightly pressing the lifting handle downwards in the evening to ensure that the middle frame of the seedling raising chamber is 5cm unearthed, and hardening the seedlings for 7 days in the fourth stage, wherein the seedling hardening operation is not carried out in the cooling weather;
(6) isolating and weeding in a seedling raising room: downwards lightly pressing the lifting handle to enable four edges of the rectangular frame 1 of the seedling raising chamber to be tightly attached to the ground, and weeding by using a chemical agent by utilizing the isolation protection effect of the seedling raising chamber on seedlings;
(7) removing the seedling raising room: removing the seedling raising chamber after chemical weeding is finished, and arranging and storing for next use;
(8) and (3) final singling: and (4) when the seedlings grow to 3-5 true leaves, fixing the seedlings, reserving one healthy seedling in each hole, and then managing according to a normal mode.
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