CN114044723A - Tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of plant straw, 40-60 parts of tea seed cake, 30-50 parts of bagasse and 3-6 parts of microbial inoculum. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing 30-50 parts of plant straw, 40-60 parts of tea seed cake and 30-50 parts of bagasse; (2) placing plant straws, tea seed cakes and bagasse in a fermentation tank, adding 3-6 parts of microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be 50-60%, fermenting for 7-15 days at 50-70 ℃, drying and granulating to obtain the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer. The organic matter content and the total nutrient content of the biological organic fertilizer meet the standard requirements of organic fertilizers, can improve soil, effectively kill insects and improve crop yield, and has the advantages of simple preparation process, low production cost, high fertilizer efficiency and good effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biofertilizers, and particularly relates to a tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the past, the chemical fertilizer plays a great role in ensuring high and stable yield of agricultural production for a long time, but a large amount of chemical fertilizer is applied for a long time to cause a plurality of environmental problems, such as soil acidification, hardening, fertility reduction, over-standard nitrate content of underground water, eutrophication of water bodies and the like. The biological organic fertilizer is a fertilizer variety which is rapidly developed in recent years, not only exerts the functions of activating soil and converting soil nutrients by biological bacteria, but also has the characteristics of fertilizing soil and improving soil by using organic matters so as to improve the yield of crops and the quality of agricultural products, and is a fertilizer actively advocated in various places at present.
CN107663142A discloses a bio-organic fertilizer, which is prepared by weighing fruit residues, dried chicken manure, rice bran, furnace ash and edible fungus residues in parts by weight, then crushing one by one, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, mixing, adding functional strains and a compound microbial agent, stirring uniformly, putting into a fermentation tank for fermentation, naturally cooling after fermentation, taking out when the temperature is reduced to room temperature, putting into a granulator for granulation, bagging after the temperature is qualified, and putting into a storehouse for delivery. The biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of dry chicken manure, 20-30 parts of furnace ash, 6-8 parts of functional strains, 10-20 parts of edible fungus residues, 10-20 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 20-30 parts of plant ash and 20-30 parts of fruit residues. CN102491802A discloses a production method of a tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of tea seed cake, 3-7 parts of animal waste and 0.2-0.4 part of microbial inoculum; the tea seed cake is tea seed cake powder, and the animal manure is selected from chicken manure, duck manure, pig manure, cow manure or sheep manure; the microbial inoculum is a composite microbial inoculum of azotobacter and cellulose decomposition bacteria or an EM microbial inoculum; the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) proportionally mixing tea seed cake and animal waste, inoculating microbial inoculum, and performing oxygen-supplementing high-temperature fermentation and turning and humidifying treatment in a fermentation tank for 1-3 times; fermentation conditions are as follows: controlling the water content of the tea seed cake and the animal waste to be 50-60%, firstly carrying out aerobic fermentation until the material temperature reaches 40-50 ℃, and then carrying out anaerobic fermentation at the ambient temperature of more than 25 ℃; the fermented material has no odor and has changed fragrance; 2) and drying, crushing, granulating and screening the fermented and decomposed materials to obtain the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer. Said invention is low in cost of raw material, simple in preparation method, and the obtained fertilizer can improve soil physicochemical properties and raise crop yield and quality, but its defects are remained to be improved: the used animal wastes still cause problems, such as excessive trace element content, excessive pesticide and veterinary drug residues, potential threats to the water body environment and the quality safety of agricultural products, and potential threats to the human health caused by the undegraded animal wastes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of plant straw, 40-60 parts of tea seed cake, 30-50 parts of bagasse and 3-6 parts of microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of plant straw, 50 parts of tea seed cake, 40 parts of bagasse and 5 parts of microbial inoculum.
Furthermore, the plant straw is one or more of soybean straw, wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw.
Further, the microbial inoculum is a composite microbial inoculum of lateral thermophile, bacillus subtilis and cellulose decomposition bacteria, and the ratio of the microbial inoculum is 1: 1: 1.
furthermore, the effective viable count of the composite microbial inoculum is 2.5-3.0 hundred million/g.
On the other hand, the invention provides a preparation method of a tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing plant straws, tea seed cakes and bagasse;
(2) placing plant straws, tea seed cakes and bagasse in a fermentation tank, adding a microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be between 50 and 60 percent, fermenting for 7 to 15 days at the temperature of between 50 and 70 ℃, and then drying and granulating to obtain the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer.
The invention also provides application of the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer in agricultural production.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention is scientific in formula, can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, promotes the growth and development of the crops, improves the soil quality, and also has insect prevention and disinsection effects.
(2) The organic fertilizer and the microorganisms are integrated, the overall advantages of the fertilizer are fully exerted, the nutrients are complete, and after the organic materials are decomposed by the microorganisms, various nutrient elements required by plants can be continuously released, so that the fertilizer is durable, and the organic colloid generated after the decomposition of abundant organic matters is favorable for improving the physical shape of the soil, loosening, preserving water, preserving fertilizer and ventilating the soil, promoting the development of root systems and providing a suitable environment for the growth of crops.
(3) The tea seed cake is green and environment-friendly, has no toxic residue, has no influence on human body, and is safe to use; the problem that the environment quality such as soil, water body and the like and the quality safety of agricultural products are seriously influenced by using a large amount of livestock and poultry manure is solved, and the method for producing the organic fertilizer by using the tea seed cake as the raw material has the advantages of relatively safe production process and overcoming the secondary pollution of the organic fertilizer; the bagasse and the plant straw are all multipurpose renewable biological resources.
(4) The biological organic fertilizer can greatly increase organic matters in soil, the used microbial inoculum can rapidly decompose tea dregs, bagasse and plant straws into the organic matters, so that the soil fertility can be improved, the soil properties can be improved, the biological effectiveness of heavy metals can be better reduced, and the heavy metal ions in the soil can be promoted to form heavy metal organic complexes with the heavy metal ions due to the existence of a large number of functional groups in the organic matters and the large specific surface area, so that the adsorption capacity of the soil on the heavy metals is increased, and the buffering capacity of the soil on the heavy metals is improved.
(5) The active substance tea saponin in the tea seed meal has a good poisoning effect on pests.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The starting materials used in the following examples are all commercially available from conventional sources.
Example 1
A tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of plant straw, 50 parts of tea seed cake, 40 parts of bagasse and 5 parts of microbial inoculum; in this embodiment, the plant straw is soybean straw and wheat straw, and the microbial inoculum is a composite microbial inoculum of sporotrichum thermophilum, bacillus subtilis and cellulose decomposition bacteria, and the ratio of the composite microbial inoculum is 1: 1: 1, the effective viable count of the composite microbial inoculum is 2.8 hundred million/g.
A preparation method of a tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 40 parts of plant straws, 50 parts of tea seed cakes and 40 parts of bagasse;
(2) placing plant straws, tea seed cakes and bagasse in a fermentation tank, adding 5 parts of microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be 55%, fermenting for 11 days at 60 ℃, and then drying and granulating to obtain the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 2
A tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of plant straws, 40 parts of tea seed cakes, 30 parts of bagasse and 3 parts of microbial inoculum; in this embodiment, the plant straw is soybean straw and wheat straw, and the microbial inoculum is a composite microbial inoculum of sporotrichum thermophilum, bacillus subtilis and cellulose decomposition bacteria, and the ratio of the composite microbial inoculum is 1: 1: 1, the effective viable count of the composite microbial inoculum is 2.5 hundred million/g.
A preparation method of a tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 30 parts of plant straws, 40 parts of tea seed cakes and 30 parts of bagasse;
(2) placing plant straws, tea seed cakes and bagasse in a fermentation tank, adding 3 parts of microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be between 50%, fermenting for 15 days at 50 ℃, and then drying and granulating to obtain the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 3
A tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of plant straw, 60 parts of tea seed cake, 50 parts of bagasse and 6 parts of microbial inoculum; in this embodiment, the plant straw is soybean straw and wheat straw, and the microbial inoculum is a composite microbial inoculum of sporotrichum thermophilum, bacillus subtilis and cellulose decomposition bacteria, and the ratio of the composite microbial inoculum is 1: 1: 1, the effective viable count of the composite microbial inoculum is 3.0 hundred million/g.
A preparation method of a tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 50 parts of plant straw, 60 parts of tea seed cake and 50 parts of bagasse;
(2) placing plant straws, tea seed cakes and bagasse in a fermentation tank, adding 6 parts of microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be 60%, fermenting for 7 days at 70 ℃, and then drying and granulating to obtain the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer.
Examples 1-3 were used in agricultural production.
The organic matter content of the biological organic fertilizer is 68%, the total nutrient content is 8.2%, the pH value is 6.8-7.2, and the biological organic fertilizer meets the standards (NY884-2012) issued by the Ministry of agriculture.
The tea-seed meal bio-organic fertilizer prepared in examples 1 to 3 was tested by the fertilizer quality supervision and inspection test center of Ministry of agriculture, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 detection results of the biological organic fertilizer of the present invention
The obtained detection results are all superior to the national standard.
Experimental example 1 soil improvement test
The tea-seed cake bio-organic fertilizer can be widely applied to crops such as rice, vegetables, tobacco, beans, tea, citrus and the like, the application amount is 400-600 kg/mu, taking soil for continuously planting tomatoes as an example, 6 treatments are set in a test, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, the treatments are randomly arranged, 18 cells are formed in total, and each cell is 30m2。
Treatment 1: the application amount of the biological organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 is 500 kg/mu, and the biological organic fertilizer is continuously used for 2 years;
and (3) treatment 2: the application amount of the biological organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention is 500 kg/mu, and the biological organic fertilizer can be continuously used for 2 years;
and (3) treatment: the application amount of the biological organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 3 is 500 kg/mu, and the biological organic fertilizer is continuously used for 2 years;
and (4) treatment: the soil conditions are the same as those in example 1, and the differences from example 1 are that the raw materials are not added with tea seed cakes, and the method is the same as that in example 1;
and (4) treatment 5: the difference from the example 1 is that the applied fertilizer is the tea-seed cake bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the method disclosed in the chinese patent application publication No. CN102491802A, and the others are the same as the example 1;
and (6) treatment: the difference from example 1 is that no fertilizer was applied and a blank control was used.
The fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer, and the other cultivation management measures are the same except that the applied fertilizer is different in each treatment.
Through detection, the pesticide residue, heavy metal content change and root nematode disease incidence in the soil under different treatment conditions are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 the pesticide residue, heavy metal content change and root nematode disease incidence in the soil under different treatment conditions
As can be seen from Table 2, a large amount of pesticide residues, excessive heavy metals and high root nematode morbidity are remained in the soil for continuously planting the tomatoes, and after the fertilizer of 1-5 is used for treating, the pesticide residue inhibition rate, the heavy metal content and the root nematode disease morbidity in the soil are greatly reduced, and the treatment effect of 1-3 is the best; the inhibition rate of the pesticide residue in the treatment step 5 and the content of the heavy metal after fertilization are both higher than those in the treatment step 4, which indicates that the heavy metal and the pesticide residue in the animal manure exceed the standard, and the heavy metal and the pesticide residue in the animal manure are not reduced along with the decomposition and fermentation; the incidence of nematode disease is higher for treatment 4 than for treatment 1-3 and treatment 5, and the good insecticidal effect of the tea seed cake is also proved.
Experimental example 2 Fertilizer effect test
Taking tomatoes as an example, the fertilizers treated by 1-5 in the experimental example 1 are applied to soil as base fertilizers at an application rate of 500 kg/mu, and the commercial compound fertilizers (the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio is 15:15:15) are used as a control for the treatment 6 at an application rate of 500 kg/mu; the additional fertilizer is applied to the plants in the first half month of the flowering period of the plants, the application amount is 120 kg/mu, and the test effect is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 statistical table of tomato yields for different treatments
| Treatment of | Yield (kg/mu) | Yield ratio (%) |
| Process 1 | 8105 | 35.54 |
| Treatment 2 | 7863 | 31.49 |
| Treatment 3 | 8022 | 34.15 |
| Treatment 4 | 7386 | 23.51 |
| Treatment 5 | 7661 | 28.11 |
| Treatment 6 | 5980 | — |
As can be seen from the data in Table 3, the application of the tea meal bio-organic fertilizer of the invention for treatment 1-3 can achieve higher yield of tomatoes, and treatment 4 has lower yield than treatment 1-3 and treatment 5 due to the influence of root nematode disease, while treatment 6 has the lowest yield of tomatoes; the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer has high fertilizer efficiency.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of plant straw, 40-60 parts of tea seed cake, 30-50 parts of bagasse and 3-6 parts of microbial inoculum.
2. The tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of plant straw, 50 parts of tea seed cake, 40 parts of bagasse and 5 parts of microbial inoculum.
3. The tea seed meal bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the plant straw is one or more of soybean straw, wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw.
4. The tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial agent is a composite microbial agent of lateral thermophilic sporotrichum, bacillus subtilis and cellulose decomposition bacteria, and the ratio of the microbial agent to the composite microbial agent is 1: 1: 1.
5. the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the effective viable count of the complex microbial inoculum is 2.5-3.0 hundred million/g.
6. The preparation method of the tea seed meal bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing plant straws, tea seed cakes and bagasse;
(2) placing plant straws, tea seed cakes and bagasse in a fermentation tank, adding a microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be between 50 and 60 percent, fermenting for 7 to 15 days at the temperature of between 50 and 70 ℃, and then drying and granulating to obtain the tea seed cake bio-organic fertilizer.
7. The use of the tea seed meal bio-organic fertilizer of any one of claims 1-5 in agricultural production.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103964937A (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-08-06 | 湖南奇异生物科技有限公司 | Special organic tea seed cake fertilizer for paddy rice |
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2021
- 2021-10-11 CN CN202111182026.9A patent/CN114044723A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103964937A (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-08-06 | 湖南奇异生物科技有限公司 | Special organic tea seed cake fertilizer for paddy rice |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王罗春等: "《农村农药污染及防治》", 31 January 2019, 北京冶金工业出版社 * |
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