CN111004070A - Special biological bacterial fertilizer for citrus and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special biological bacterial fertilizer for citrus and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111004070A CN111004070A CN201911299970.5A CN201911299970A CN111004070A CN 111004070 A CN111004070 A CN 111004070A CN 201911299970 A CN201911299970 A CN 201911299970A CN 111004070 A CN111004070 A CN 111004070A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special biological bacterial fertilizer for citrus and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fertilizer comprises 40% of inorganic nutrition, 10% of water and 50% of microbial strains, the inorganic nutrition comprises 15-20 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of calcium chloride, 5-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1 part of iron, manganese, copper, magnesium, boron and molybdenum and 55-60 parts of biomass ash, 5-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10-20 parts of self-generated azotobacter, 20-25 parts of azotobacter, 25-30 parts of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and 13-30 parts of potassium-solubilizing microorganisms. The biological bacterial fertilizer can improve soil activity, improve soil quality by using nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-fixing microorganisms, improve soil fertility, and has important positive effects on citrus fruit quality and taste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizer production, in particular to a biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Fertilization, especially the application of fertilizers, is an important method to increase per unit yield. According to the statistics of the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United nations, the fertilizer accounts for 40% -60% of the crop yield increasing effect, but when the fertilizer is applied in large quantity, serious harm is generated, such as soil hardening and fertility reduction, and even the health of human beings is threatened. The biological bacterial fertilizer just makes up the deficiency of the fertilizer, contains various microorganisms, enables the soil to provide nutrient materials for crops, improves the physical structure of the soil, enables the crops to resist stress and produce high yield, enables the pesticides in the soil to be decomposed, makes up the deficiency of the fertilizer, and is increasingly paid attention to the research of the biological bacterial fertilizer for realizing the sustainable development of agriculture.
The microbial fertilizer is a non-toxic and pollution-free biological fertilizer prepared by fermenting one or more beneficial microbial bacteria, contains beneficial microbial flora, active enzyme, organic matters and multiple trace elements, can obviously improve the physical and chemical properties of facility cultivation soil, protects the environment, promotes the growth of plants, increases the yield and improves the quality, and is a novel high-tech fertilizer for developing green ecological agriculture.
Chinese patent document CN 105461368A (application No. 201510992786.4) provides a preparation method of a microbial fertilizer, kitchen waste is used as an organic matter, and the prepared biological bacterial fertilizer takes the renewable resources and the interaction between biological bacteria and the organic matter waste into consideration, but contains harmful substances, substances which are difficult to degrade and decompose and the like as the kitchen waste, and the complete degradation of the kitchen waste needs more time, so that the investment of time and funds is increased, and the fertilizer cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus, aiming at solving a plurality of problems caused by soil hardening, change of a soil microorganism system and the like generated in the use of chemical fertilizers. The biological bacterial fertilizer special for the citrus improves the activity and the fertility of soil through the decomposition and the metabolism of microorganisms, increases the disease and insect resistance of plants and improves the quality of citrus fruits.
The biological bacterial fertilizer special for the citrus comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40% of inorganic nutrients, 10% of water and 50% of microbial strains:
the inorganic nutrient raw material proportion is as follows: 15-20 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of calcium chloride, 5-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5-1 part of iron, manganese, copper, magnesium, boron and molybdenum and 55-60 parts of biomass ash. The proportion of the microbial strain raw materials is as follows: 5-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10-20 parts of free-living azotobacter, 20-25 parts of combined azotobacter, 25-30 parts of phosphate solubilizing microorganism and 13-30 parts of potassium solubilizing microorganism.
Further, the microelements of iron, manganese, copper, magnesium, boron and molybdenum are respectively selected from ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper chloride, magnesium sulfate, boric acid and ammonium molybdate, wherein 0.05-0.1% of Fe, 0.05-0.1% of Mn, 0.05-0.1% of Cu, 0.05-0.1% of Mg, 0.05-0.08% of B and 0.05-0.08% of Mo are contained in the trace elements.
Further, the biomass ash is solid ash with the particle size distribution within the range of 0.1-1 mm, which is obtained by burning agricultural wastes such as straws and chaffs at the high temperature of 800-900 ℃ to form ash.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the biological bacterial fertilizer special for the citrus is prepared by dissolving 15-20 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of calcium chloride, 5-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 0.5-1 part of trace elements such as iron, manganese, copper, magnesium, boron and molybdenum in 10 parts of water to prepare a solution for later use;
step two: burning agricultural wastes such as straws, chaffs and the like at a high temperature of 800-900 ℃ to obtain ash, screening solid ash with the particle size distribution within the range of 0.1-1 mm, and placing for later use;
step three: mixing the prepared solution and ash-slag mixture according to the proportion of 1: 4-1: 5, mixing, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic fertilizer for later use;
step four: adding 5-10 parts of bacillus subtilis into the prepared inorganic fertilizer, uniformly mixing, adding 10-20 parts of free-living azotobacter and 20-25 parts of combined azotobacter, uniformly mixing, adding 25-30 parts of phosphate solubilizing microorganism and 13-30 parts of potassium solubilizing microorganism, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into a granulator to obtain the finished product of the granular biological bacterial fertilizer.
The application method comprises the following steps:
(1) in the germination stage of the citrus, the citrus is applied by a basal application method, and 90-120kg of the citrus is applied per mu;
(2) in the fruit setting period of the citrus, the citrus is applied by adopting a broadcast application method, and 70-90kg of the citrus is applied per mu;
(3) in the citrus fruit expanding period, the application is carried out by adopting a broadcast application method, the application is carried out once every 30 days, the application is carried out for 2-3 times, and 70-90kg is applied to each mu each time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following excellent effects:
(1) after the biomass ash is burned at high temperature, the biomass ash has the characteristics of loose texture, small volume weight, strong water absorption capacity, rich nutrient elements and the like, and has positive effects on improving soil and reducing soil-borne diseases. The biomass ash is also beneficial to the recycling of resources, so that the environmental pollution is reduced, and the cost of the fertilizer is reduced;
(2) after the biological bacterial fertilizer is applied, the soil releases various nutrients and indissolvable mineral nutrients under the action of functional strains, the nutrients are absorbed and utilized by crops, the growth of the crops can be promoted, and the microorganisms in the bacterial fertilizer secrete antibiotics, insecticides and plant growth hormone substances in the soil, so that the improvement of the plant defense capacity is positively influenced;
(3) the biological bacterial fertilizer provided by the invention is produced according to fertilizer requirement rules of the citrus at different growth stages, has a reasonable formula, and can meet various nutrient elements required by the citrus at different growth stages. Meanwhile, the preparation method of the microbial fertilizer, which is simple to operate and easy to produce, is also provided.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the raw material of the biological bacterial fertilizer special for the citrus and the preparation process thereof are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: the biological bacterial fertilizer special for the citrus is prepared by dissolving 16 parts of urea, 5 parts of calcium chloride, 5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 0.1 part of trace elements such as iron, manganese, copper, magnesium, boron and molybdenum in 10 parts of water to prepare a solution for later use;
step two: burning agricultural wastes such as straws, chaffs and the like at a high temperature of 850 ℃ to obtain ash, screening solid ash with the particle size distribution within the range of 0.1-1 mm, and placing for later use;
step three: mixing the prepared solution and ash-slag mixture according to the proportion of 1: 4, mixing, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic fertilizer for later use;
step four: and adding 5 parts of bacillus subtilis into the prepared inorganic fertilizer, uniformly mixing, adding 10 parts of free-living azotobacter and 20 parts of combined azotobacter, uniformly mixing, adding 25 parts of phosphate-solubilizing microorganism and 14 parts of potassium-solubilizing microorganism, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into a granulator to obtain the finished product of the biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus.
A field test of one year is carried out in 2 mu of citrus orchard in the east slope area of Meishan city in Sichuan, and 1 mu of orchard is set for comparison and application of the special biological fertilizer for citrus. In the germination period of the citrus, 100kg of citrus special biological bacterial fertilizer is applied to each mu of base, in the fruit setting period of the citrus, 80kg of biological bacterial fertilizer is applied to each mu of base by adopting a spreading method, in the fruit expansion period of the citrus, 80kg of citrus special biological bacterial fertilizer is applied to each mu of base, the application is carried out for 3 times totally, and the application interval is 1 month. The test results are shown below.
As can be seen from table 1, the content of microorganisms in the soil after the citrus-dedicated biological bacterial fertilizer is applied to the citrus orchard is higher than that of the control (the citrus-dedicated biological bacterial fertilizer is not applied), and the increase of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil improves the capability of the soil in decomposing substances such as cellulose and lignin, thereby being beneficial to improving the soil structure and improving the soil fertility.
TABLE 1 influence of biological bacterial manure specially used for citrus on microorganisms in citrus garden
As can be seen from the table 2, the biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus has an obvious promotion effect on the growth of citrus plants, the plant height, the main root length and the specific leaf weight of the citrus plants are higher than those of a control, and compared with the control, the biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus is increased by 26%, 22%, 81% and 47% respectively, so that the overall growth vigor of the citrus plants is obviously promoted.
TABLE 2 Effect of biological bacterial manure specially used for Citrus on Citrus growth characteristics
As can be seen from Table 3, the biological bacterial fertilizer specially used for citrus has a positive effect on fruit quality. The application of the biological bacterial fertilizer special for the citrus has positive effects on the water content, the soluble solid content, the soluble acid content, the sugar content, the solid-acid ratio, the vitamin C and the total flavone content of the citrus, thereby improving the quality and the taste of the citrus.
TABLE 3 influence of biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus on citrus fruit quality
| Treatment of | Fruit moisture content (%) | Soluble solids content (%) | Soluble acid content (%) | Acid fixation ratio | Vitamin C (mg/kg) | Total Flavonoids content (mg/kg) | Sugar content (%) |
| Control | 78.23 | 15.36 | 0.23 | 66.78 | 35.14 | 9.56 | 7.25 |
| Biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus | 86.38 | 17.56 | 0.53 | 33.13 | 47.89 | 13.16 | 11.04 |
Claims (6)
1. A biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that the biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus is composed of 40% of inorganic nutrients, 10% of water and 50% of microbial strains.
2. The biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus comprise: inorganic nutrient raw materials, 15-20 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of calcium chloride, 5-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5-1 part of iron, manganese, copper, magnesium, boron and molybdenum and 55-60 parts of biomass ash;
the microbial strains consist of the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10-20 parts of free-living azotobacter, 20-25 parts of combined azotobacter, 25-30 parts of phosphate solubilizing microorganism and 13-30 parts of potassium solubilizing microorganism.
3. The biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: dissolving 15-20 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of calcium chloride, 5-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 0.5-1 part of iron, manganese, copper, magnesium, boron and molybdenum in 10 parts of water to prepare a solution for later use;
step two: burning agricultural wastes such as straws, chaffs and the like at a high temperature of 800-900 ℃ to obtain ash, screening solid ash with the particle size distribution within the range of 0.1-1 mm, and placing for later use;
step three: mixing the prepared solution and ash-slag mixture according to the proportion of 1: 4-1: 5, mixing, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic fertilizer for later use;
step four: adding 5-10 parts of bacillus subtilis into the prepared inorganic fertilizer, uniformly mixing, adding 10-20 parts of free-living azotobacter and 20-25 parts of combined azotobacter, uniformly mixing, adding 25-30 parts of phosphate solubilizing microorganism and 13-30 parts of potassium solubilizing microorganism, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into a granulator to obtain the finished product of the granular biological bacterial fertilizer.
4. The biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein the microelements of iron, manganese, copper, magnesium, boron and molybdenum are respectively selected from ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper chloride, magnesium sulfate, boric acid and ammonium molybdate, wherein Fe is 0.05% -0.1%, Mn is 0.05% -0.1%, Cu is 0.05% -0.1%, Mg is 0.05% -0.1%, B is 0.05% -0.08%, and Mo0.05% -0.08%.
5. The biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus and the preparation method thereof according to claim 2, wherein the straw is mainly selected from common straw such as rice straw, wheat straw and the like.
6. The biological bacterial fertilizer special for citrus and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the application method of the biological bacterial fertilizer is as follows:
(1) in the germination stage of the citrus, the citrus is applied by a basal application method, and 90-120kg of the citrus is applied per mu;
(2) in the fruit setting period of the citrus, the citrus is applied by adopting a broadcast application method, and 70-90kg of the citrus is applied per mu;
(3) in the citrus fruit expanding period, the application is carried out by adopting a broadcast application method, the application is carried out once every 30 days, the application is carried out for 2-3 times, and 70-90kg is applied to each mu each time.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111606748A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-01 | 华中农业大学 | Sugar orange special package fertilizer for increasing yield and improving quality of southern acid soil and application method thereof |
| CN113248309A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-13 | 勤耕生态农业(武汉)有限公司 | Organic fertilizer microbial inoculum formula special for citrus |
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| CN107805115A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-16 | 广西万里顺机械制造有限公司 | A kind of citrus compound fertilizer special |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102850136A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-02 | 上海孚祥生物科技有限公司 | Citrus specialized slow release fertilizer using biomass granular carbon as substrate and preparation method of citrus specialized slow release fertilizer |
| CN103787748A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-05-14 | 沈阳农业大学 | Fertilizer special for modified charcoal flue-cured tobacco and preparation method of fertilizer |
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| CN107162812A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-09-15 | 舒兰市田喜生物有机肥有限公司 | A kind of method that maize straw prepares charcoal fertilizer |
| CN107805115A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-16 | 广西万里顺机械制造有限公司 | A kind of citrus compound fertilizer special |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111606748A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-01 | 华中农业大学 | Sugar orange special package fertilizer for increasing yield and improving quality of southern acid soil and application method thereof |
| CN113248309A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-13 | 勤耕生态农业(武汉)有限公司 | Organic fertilizer microbial inoculum formula special for citrus |
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