CN113980946A - 一种γ-氨基丁酸高产生物制备法 - Google Patents
一种γ-氨基丁酸高产生物制备法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种γ‑氨基丁酸高产生物制备法。γ‑氨基丁酸的生物合成方法具有后处理简便、产品安全性能高的优点。为了提供一种γ‑氨基丁酸的高产生物制备法,本发明设计对野生型谷氨酸脱羧酶进行优化,通过物理诱导获得谷氨酸脱羧酶的正向突变体,并筛选其中的高活性区域以获得一种序列更加简短的谷氨酸脱羧酶突变体。基于上述设计思路,本发明提供了SEQ ID NO:1‑6所示氨基酸序列的谷氨酸脱羧酶突变体,相比野生型在酶催化效率、稳定性等方面具有显著的提升,应用于γ‑氨基丁酸的工业生产具有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于γ-氨基丁酸合成技术领域,具体涉及一种用于γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶及所述生物合成酶在γ-氨基丁酸生物制备中的应用。
背景技术
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
γ-氨基丁酸(别名4-氨基丁酸,γ-aminobutyric acid,简称GABA),是一种重要的中枢神经系统抑制性神经递质,其拥有良好的水溶性与热稳定性,具备改善机体睡眠质量、降血压等生理功效,可用于饮料等食品的添加。
γ-氨基丁酸的生物合成方法以谷氨酸(Glu)或其盐类为底物通过谷氨酸脱羧酶合成GABA为主。目前,谷氨酸脱羧酶主要来源于微生物,其中,乳酸菌属于食品安全级别的微生物,并且具有促进营养吸收、改善肠道内环境及抑制致病菌增殖等生理活性,成为γ-氨基丁酸合成的首选。针对上述研究背景,发明人认为,采用微生物发酵合成涉及较为复杂的后处理步骤,并且对微生物的热稳定性具有较高的要求,生物酶催化法能够显著提高GABA的安全性,更加适用于食品、药品行业。
发明内容
基于上述研究背景,本发明目的在于提供一种γ-氨基丁酸高产生物制备法,基于该技术目的,本发明针对谷氨酸脱羧酶进行了优化。在针对谷氨酸脱羧酶的优化思路中,本发明除了筛选有益的突变位点外,还联想到对谷氨酸脱羧酶中高活性区域进行筛选,以期望获得一种高催化活性,同时序列更短的酶产品。
基于上述技术目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明第一方面,提供一种用于γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶,所述生物合成酶具有如下的氨基酸序列:
(1)如SEQ ID NO:1-6任一项所示的氨基酸序列;
(2)SEQ ID NO:1-6任一项所示氨基酸序列经一个或多个氨基酸增加、缺失或替换后还具有相同或相似生理活性的氨基酸序列。
上述(1)所述氨基酸序列的生物合成酶中,优选的生物合成酶具有SEQ ID NO:3-6中任一项所述的氨基酸序列;进一步优选的方案中,为SEQ ID NO:5或6所示的氨基酸序列。
本发明设计通过物理诱变的方式诱导短杆乳酸菌突变,并筛选发生在谷氨酸脱羧酶中可稳定遗传的突变位点构建谷氨酸脱羧酶突变体,以期望获得一种性能改进的γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶。
另外,考虑到获得一种序列更加简短的多肽产品在工业生产方面具有诸多优势:获得小分子肽能够显著提高制备效率,甚至可通过固相合成、液相合成等更加精确的手段进行制备;在制备固定化酶产品时,同样比表面积的载体,采用小分子肽可以结合更多的酶产品,提高催化效率等。本发明还尝试对谷氨酸脱羧酶中具有催化活性的位点进行筛选,将野生型谷氨酸脱羧酶中的高活性区域作为生物合成酶加以应用,以期望获得一种序列更加简短的生物酶产品。上述序列中的SEQ ID NO:5或6其催化性能相比野生酶具有显著的提升,并且氨基酸序列长度显著降低,应用于工业生产具有更大的应用优势。
上述(2)所述的生物合成酶相比SEQ ID NO:1-6任一项所示氨基酸序列的多肽具有一个或多个氨基酸增加、缺失或替换;优选的,所述多个为2~50个,进一步的,为2~30个;更进一步的,为2~10个。
一种实施方式中,所述增加、缺失或替换后的氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:1-6任一项所示的氨基酸序列具有90%及以上的相似性,所述相似性的可采用blast进行判断。
本发明第二方面,提供编码第一方面所述生物合成酶的基因序列。
本发明第三方面,提供一种表达盒,所述表达盒包括第二方面所述基因序列。
本发明第四方面,提供一种重组载体,所述重组载体中包括第三方面所述表达盒或第二方面所述基因序列的完整编码阅读框序列。
优选的,所述载体包括本领域熟知的细菌质粒、噬菌体、酵母质粒、植物细胞病毒、哺乳动物细胞病毒或其他载体。
进一步优选的,所述病毒载体为慢病毒载体、腺相关病毒载体或腺病毒载体。
本发明第五方面,提供一种表达第一方面所述γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶的宿主细胞。
所述宿主细胞优选高表达谷氨酸脱羧酶的菌株,如短乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、副干酪乳杆菌、布氏乳杆菌或德式乳杆菌;进一步的,为短乳杆菌。
本发明第六方面,提供一种γ-氨基丁酸高产生物制备方法,所述制备方法包括采用第一方面所述用于γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶转化L-谷氨酸。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
正如背景技术所介绍的,提供一种γ-氨基丁酸的生物催化方法具有使用安全、高效等技术优势,为了解决如上的技术问题,本发明针对乳酸菌的谷氨酸脱酸酶进行了优化,获得一种性能更加优化的谷氨酸脱羧酶。
为了使得本领域技术人员能够更加清楚地了解本发明的技术方案,以下将结合具体的实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
本实施例中所述诱变菌株的出发菌株购自中国工业微生物菌种保藏管理中心,为短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis),菌株保藏编号为CICC 20014。
1、高产γ-氨基丁酸菌株诱变及突变位点筛选
MRS液体培养基:蛋白胨8g/L,牛肉膏8g/L,酵母膏3.5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温-80 1g/L,柠檬酸三钠2g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,硫酸锰0.1g/L,余量为水,pH值为6.0~7.0;120℃,15min灭菌备用。
MRS固体培养基:蛋白胨8g/L,牛肉膏8g/L,酵母膏3.5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温-80 1g/L,柠檬酸三钠2g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,硫酸锰0.1g/L,余量为水,pH值为6.0~7.0;120℃,15min灭菌备用即MRS液体培养基中加入2%琼脂粉;
发酵培养基:葡萄糖12g/L、蛋白胨16g/L、酵母粉9g/L、丁二酸钠3.9g/L,磷酸二氢钾3.1g/L、硫酸镁0.71g/L、L谷氨酸钠6g/L,配料后调节pH=5.1,中间过程补料。经64小时发酵的转化率达到94.47%,产酸42.5g/L。
(1)一次诱变
将活化后的短乳杆菌以10%(v/v)接种量接种于MRS种子培养基中,37℃静置培养1d。以50g/L的L-谷氨酸为原料进行发酵培养发酵36小时,发酵完成后测量发酵体系中γ-氨基丁酸浓度为22g/L。
离心收集菌体,采用生理盐水稀释成107/mL浓度的菌悬液,分装于10只试管中,每只5mL,分别加入0.05mol/L甲磺酸乙酯0.2mL,混均后放入恒温培养箱中培育1h,加入硫代硫酸钠终止诱导。
首选通过平板培养挑选抗性突变株,将筛选获得抗性突变株进行摇瓶发酵,36h后测定发酵产物中γ-氨基丁酸含量,其中56株菌株发酵36小时后产酸达到34g/L以上,比诱变前产酸率增加至少54.45%。
(2)二次诱变
将一次诱变后获得的56株高产菌株在MRS固体培养基上进行扩培养,37℃培养36h后选取其中的单菌落进行纯化培养,收集纯化后的菌种重新稀释成107/mL浓度的菌悬液。上述菌悬液经紫外灯照射诱变4分30秒,再置于功率800w的微波炉中,辐照10s进行二次诱导。
将二次诱导的菌株涂布于MRS固体培养基中,37℃培养48h后再次进行γ-氨基丁酸发酵测试,其中11株发酵36小时产酸达到40g/L以上,较一次诱变前平均提高17.64%以上,传代培育10代后产酸率仍不低于40g/L。
对上述11株正向突变菌株中的谷氨酸脱羧酶进行测序,在其中三株突变株中检测到谷氨酸脱酸酶序列突变,突变情况如下表1所示:
表1正向突变株氨基酸突变位点
菌株编号 | 突变位点 | 二次诱变产酸提高率 |
A1 | V72I | 25.49% |
A7 | Q58H | 35.41% |
A12 | K143N | 29.73% |
2、谷氨酸脱羧酶突变体制备及表达
为比较上述突变位点对谷氨酸脱羧酶的影响,本实施例中,以短乳酸杆菌(Levilactobacillus brevis)CGMCC 1306的谷氨酸脱羧酶(EcGAD1,GenBank:GU987102.1)作为出发酶构建谷氨酸脱羧酶突变体。本实施例除构建含有上述突变位点的酶之外,还尝试将突变后的酶序列进行截短,尝试获得一种序列更短的酶产品,构建得到的突变体如下:
表2所述谷氨酸脱羧酶突变体
突变体名称 | 突变方式 | 序列长度 |
LB-Q58H(SEQ ID NO:1) | Q58H | 466个氨基酸 |
LB-V72I(SEQ ID NO:2) | V72I | 466个氨基酸 |
LB-K143N(SEQ ID NO:3) | K143N | 466个氨基酸 |
LB-V/Q/K(SEQ ID NO:4) | V72I/Q58H/K143N | 466个氨基酸 |
LB-V/Q/K<sub>1-300</sub>(SEQ ID NO:5) | V72I/Q58H/K143N | 300个氨基酸 |
LB-V/Q/K<sub>1-356</sub>(SEQ ID NO:6) | V72I/Q58H/K143N | 356个氨基酸 |
上述表2中,所述LB-Q58H、LB-V72I、LB-K143N分别将58位谷氨酰胺突变为组氨酸、72位缬氨酸突变为异亮氨酸、143位赖氨酸突变为天冬氨酸后获得的序列,所述LB-V/Q/K为包含上述三种突变的全长序列,而LB-V/Q/K1-300为LB-V/Q/K序列中N端1-300的氨基酸的酶产品,LB-V/Q/K1-356为LB-V/Q/K序列中N端1-356的氨基酸的酶产品。
重组质粒pET24a-EcGAD1gad构建:根据谷氨酸脱羧酶蛋白氨基酸序列(如SEQIDNO:1所示),合成其谷氨酸脱羧酶编码基因片段gad,并连接至pET24a质粒的酶切位点之间,获得重组质粒pET24a-EcGAD1gad。以pET24a-EcGAD1gad为模板进行定点突变,获得突变体并构建含有编码突变体基因的重组菌,进行发酵培养和表达纯化,获得纯化后的出发酶及突变体酶,并进行性能测定。
表3突变体酶性能测定结果
注:所述“相对酶活力”以出发酶活力为100%,测定突变体酶将L-谷氨酸转化为γ-氨基丁酸的能力。
所述“最适pH”表示达到80%以上酶活时所处的pH值环境;
所述“γ-氨基丁酸转化率(50mg/L)”表示底物中L-谷氨酸浓度为50mg/L时,转化形成的γ-氨基丁酸与L-谷氨酸的摩尔转化比。
从表3显示的结果可以看出,出发酶的最适pH值处于酸性条件,在温度45℃左右时酶的催化活性较好,这意味着采用出发酶进行生物合成需要对反应体系进行调节pH以及适当的加热。LB-Q58H、LB-V72I、LB-K143N三种突变体在催化效率方面与出发酶基本接近,但是其最适反应温度降低,可适应的pH范围变大,热稳定性提高(75℃半衰期),说明上述突变体均产生了正向突变效果。其中,LB-K143N突变体的适宜pH范围显著增大,能够适应中性、乃至碱性工作环境,耐受较高的环境温度,并且催化产酸的能力也表现出显著的提高。
进一步的,本发明还构建了包含上述三种突变位点的LB-V/Q/K,可以看出,LB-V/Q/K相比LB-K143N在适宜温度方面适当降低,而截短后的LB-V/Q/K1-300、LB-V/Q/K1-356则表现出了酶活力和热稳定性的进一步提升。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 枣庄市杰诺生物酶有限公司
<120> 一种γ-氨基丁酸高产生物制备法
<130> 2010
<160> 6
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
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Phe Gly Val Thr Tyr Thr Gly Asn Tyr Glu Phe Pro Gln Pro Leu His
210 215 220
Asp Ala Leu Asp Lys Phe Gln Ala Asp Thr Gly Ile Asp Ile Asp Met
225 230 235 240
His Ile Asp Ala Ala Ser Gly Gly Phe Leu Ala Pro Phe Val Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asp Ile Val Trp Asp Phe Arg Leu Pro Arg Val Lys Ser Ile Ser Ala
260 265 270
Ser Gly His Lys Phe Gly Leu Ala Pro Leu Gly Cys Gly Trp Val Ile
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Trp Arg Asp Glu Glu Ala Leu Pro Gln Glu Leu Val
290 295 300
<210> 6
<211> 349
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<400> 6
Met Asp Lys Lys Gln Val Thr Asp Leu Arg Ser Glu Leu Leu Asp Ser
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Arg Phe Gly Ala Lys Ser Ile Ser Thr Ile Ala Glu Ser Lys Arg Phe
20 25 30
Pro Leu His Glu Met Arg Asp Asp Val Ala Phe Gln Ile Ile Asn Asp
35 40 45
Glu Leu Tyr Leu Asp Gly Asn Ala Arg His Asn Leu Ala Thr Phe Cys
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Gln Thr Trp Asp Asp Glu Asn Ile His Lys Leu Met Asp Leu Ser Ile
65 70 75 80
Asn Lys Asn Trp Ile Asp Lys Glu Glu Tyr Pro Gln Ser Ala Ala Ile
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Asp Leu Arg Cys Val Asn Met Val Ala Asp Leu Trp His Ala Pro Ala
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Pro Lys Asn Gly Gln Ala Val Gly Thr Asn Thr Ile Gly Ser Ser Glu
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Ala Cys Met Leu Gly Gly Met Ala Met Lys Trp Arg Trp Arg Asn Arg
130 135 140
Met Glu Ala Ala Gly Lys Pro Thr Asp Lys Pro Asn Leu Val Cys Gly
145 150 155 160
Pro Val Gln Ile Cys Trp His Lys Phe Ala Arg Tyr Trp Asp Val Glu
165 170 175
Leu Arg Glu Ile Pro Met Arg Pro Gly Gln Leu Phe Met Asp Pro Lys
180 185 190
Arg Met Ile Glu Ala Cys Asp Glu Asn Thr Ile Gly Val Val Pro Thr
195 200 205
Phe Gly Val Thr Tyr Thr Gly Asn Tyr Glu Phe Pro Gln Pro Leu His
210 215 220
Asp Ala Leu Asp Lys Phe Gln Ala Asp Thr Gly Ile Asp Ile Asp Met
225 230 235 240
His Ile Asp Ala Ala Ser Gly Gly Phe Leu Ala Pro Phe Val Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asp Ile Val Trp Asp Phe Arg Leu Pro Arg Val Lys Ser Ile Ser Ala
260 265 270
Ser Gly His Lys Phe Gly Leu Ala Pro Leu Gly Cys Gly Trp Val Ile
275 280 285
Trp Arg Asp Glu Glu Ala Leu Pro Gln Glu Leu Val Phe Asn Val Asp
290 295 300
Tyr Leu Gly Gly Gln Ile Gly Thr Phe Ala Ile Asn Phe Ser Arg Pro
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Ala Gly Gln Val Ile Ala Gln Tyr Tyr Glu Phe Leu Arg Leu Gly Arg
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Glu Gly Tyr Thr Lys Val Gln Asn Ala Ser Tyr Gln Val
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Claims (10)
1.一种用于γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶,其特征在于,所述生物合成酶具有如下的氨基酸序列:
(1)如SEQ ID NO:1-6任一项所示的氨基酸序列;
(2)SEQ ID NO:1-6任一项所示氨基酸序列经一个或多个氨基酸增加、缺失或替换后还具有相同或相似生理活性的氨基酸序列。
2.如权利要求1所述用于γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶,其特征在于,所述生物合成酶具有SEQ ID NO:3-6中任一项所述的氨基酸序列;优选的,为SEQ ID NO:5或6所示的氨基酸序列。
3.如权利要求1所述用于γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶,其特征在于,所述“多个”为2~50个,进一步的,为2~30个;更进一步的,为2~10个。
4.如权利要求3所述用于γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶,其特征在于,所述增加、缺失或替换后的氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:1-6任一项所示的氨基酸序列具有90%及以上的相似性,所述相似性的采用blast进行判断。
5.编码权利要求1-4任一项所述生物合成酶的基因序列。
6.一种表达盒,其特征在于,所述表达盒包括权利要求5所述基因序列。
7.一种重组载体,其特征在于,所述重组载体中包括权利要求6所述表达盒或权利要求5所述基因序列的完整编码阅读框序列。
8.如权利要求7所述重组载体,其特征在于,所述载体包括本领域熟知的细菌质粒、噬菌体、酵母质粒、植物细胞病毒、哺乳动物细胞病毒或其他载体;
优选的,所述病毒载体为慢病毒载体、腺相关病毒载体或腺病毒载体。
9.一种表达权利要求1-4任一项所述γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶的宿主细胞;
所述宿主细胞优选高表达谷氨酸脱羧酶的菌株,如短乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、副干酪乳杆菌、布氏乳杆菌或德式乳杆菌;进一步的,为短乳杆菌。
10.一种γ-氨基丁酸高产生物制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括采用权利要求1-4任一项所述用于γ-氨基丁酸生物合成酶转化L-谷氨酸。
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