CN1139514C - 抗碰撞双层结构 - Google Patents

抗碰撞双层结构 Download PDF

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CN1139514C
CN1139514C CNB998155713A CN99815571A CN1139514C CN 1139514 C CN1139514 C CN 1139514C CN B998155713 A CNB998155713 A CN B998155713A CN 99815571 A CN99815571 A CN 99815571A CN 1139514 C CN1139514 C CN 1139514C
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约翰内斯·威廉默斯·吕贝特斯·卢多尔菲基
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
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    • B63B3/20—Shells of double type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/62—Double bottoms; Tank tops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/18—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for preventing collision or grounding; reducing collision damage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/26—Frames
    • B63B2003/265—Frames comprising open profiles, e.g. U- or gutter-shaped, and forming substantially closed channels together with the plate to which they are attached
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3444—Corrugated sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3472—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets with multiple layers of profiled spacer sheets

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Abstract

一种抗碰撞双层结构，如双层船只侧部，包括一外部壳板(1)和一内部壳板(2)。一组由可延展材料制成、并设置成彼此并靠或上下叠置的通道(3)通过它们侧壁(4，5)的端部固定到结构外部壳板(1)的内表面。每个通道的基部(6)至少通过一个基本垂直于所述基部的纵梁(7)连接到结构内部壳板(1)或者连接到其上的一个结构上。

Description

抗碰撞双层结构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗碰撞双层结构，如双层船的侧部。
背景技术
在油轮发生碰撞或者搁浅的情况下，如果船身被穿孔就会导致严重的环境污染。对于在内陆水路上行驶的化学品运输船来讲也是这样。现有的渡船在发生碰撞情况下在侧面有被穿孔的危险，这在某些情况下会对乘客产生相当大的安全风险。因此，改进船只、近海设施以及用于加工业的装备的双层结构的抗冲击和爆炸能力是非常重要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种有相当大改进的抗碰撞和爆炸的双层结构。为此，根据本发明，该结构包括：
一组由可延展材料制成、并设置成彼此并靠或上下叠置的通道，通道通过它们侧壁的端部固定到结构外部壳板内表面，每个通道的基部至少通过一个基本垂直于上述基部的纵梁连接到结构内部壳板或者连接到结构内部壳板上的一个结构上。
有相当大改进的抗穿洞性能是通过下述方式获得的，即在发生碰撞的情况下，在相当大的宽度上呈现出凹痕，获得了理想的薄膜应力，而抗穿洞能力最大。
如果连续通道的基部借助于条板或纵梁连接在一起，则将获得更好的结果。在碰撞开始时，条板或纵梁在通道两侧壁形成对称的变形。条板或纵梁然后折断。如果条板或纵梁不存在，在碰撞中就会发生通道的其中一个侧壁被基本上连续扭曲到一侧，而另一侧壁紧随第一侧壁的危险。通道侧壁的这种非对称位移导致抗穿洞能力的降低。
所期望的是，朝向船只侧部外部壳板内表面的通道部或侧壁与上述外部壳板成小于90度的α角。
可使用单独的通道。除此之外，通道还可以连接在一起，以形成一单一波纹板。
在特殊结构的情况下，通道还设置在内部壳板的内表面上，该通道通过侧壁端部连接到上述内表面上，上述纵梁在设置于外部壳板上的通道与设置于内部壳板上的通道之间延伸。
这种结构的材料必须有延展性。已经证明37号钢是一种极好的材料。但也可以使用一些塑料和具有所谓塌缩通道的材料，如某些合成和夹层材料。
附图描述
现在在附图描述的基础上对本发明进行解释。
图1显示根据本发明第一实施例的双层船侧部的局部透视图。
图2显示根据图1的船侧部的垂直剖视图。
图3显示根据图1的船侧部在发生严重碰撞后的垂直剖视图。
图4显示船侧部第二实施例的垂直剖视图。
图5显示船侧部第三实施例的垂直剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2中所示双层结构包括一外部壳板1和一内部壳板2。通道3安装到外部壳板1的内表面。该通道具有两个与外部壳板1成45度角的侧壁4、5，以及一将两侧壁4、5连接在一起的基部6。一纵梁7垂直于上述基部从通道的基部6延伸到内部壳板2的内表面。连续通道的基部6通过条板8连接在一起。上述部件1至8的材料有延展性并由例如37号钢制成。
图3显示了一种情况，即根据图1和图2的双层船侧部的一部分已经遭受严重碰撞。外部壳板1已略微向内移动，通道的侧壁4、5已经弯曲，纵梁7变得弯曲。在碰撞过程中没有孔产生。事实上，这是一种薄膜应力的问题。
在根据图4的实施例中通道是半圆柱形结构。
图5显示一实施例，其中通道3安装到外部壳板内表面和内部壳板内表面，而纵梁7在彼此相对设置的通道基部之间延伸。
现在对用于具有双层船身的船中的本发明结构进行了测试，结果令人吃惊。发现与冲头船发生严重碰撞时由该结构吸收能量是如此有效，以至于船的外部壳板在很大面积上呈现出浅的凹痕(外部壳板作用如同一薄膜)而没有穿孔。

Claims (6)

1.一种抗碰撞双层结构，具有一外部壳板和一内部壳板，该结构包括：
一组由可延展材料制成、并设置成彼此并靠或上下叠置的通道(3)，通道通过它们侧壁(4，5)的端部固定到结构外部壳板(1)的内表面，每个通道的基部(6)至少通过一个基本垂直于所述基部的纵梁(7)连接到结构内部壳板或者连接在结构内部壳板上的一个部件上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的结构，其特征在于，连续通道的基部(6)借助于条板(8)或一纵梁连接在一起。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的结构，其特征在于，朝向船侧部外部壳板内表面的这些通道部件(4，5)与所述外部壳板成一小于90度的α角。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的结构，其特征在于，通道(3)也设置在内部壳板(2)的内表面上，这些通道(3)通过侧壁端部固定到所述内表面上，所述纵梁(7)在设置于外部壳板(1)上的通道(3)与设置于内部壳板(2)上的通道(3)之间延伸。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的结构，其特征在于，每组通道(3)彼此连接，从而形成一波纹板。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的结构，其特征在于，结构是由37号钢制成的。
CNB998155713A 1998-12-11 1999-12-10 抗碰撞双层结构 Expired - Lifetime CN1139514C (zh)

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NL1010794A NL1010794C2 (nl) 1998-12-11 1998-12-11 Botsbestendige dubbelwandige structuur.
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DE19914420A1 (de) 1999-03-30 2000-10-05 Basf Ag Verbundelemente enthaltend Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukte
WO2001012499A2 (en) 1999-08-12 2001-02-22 Schelde Maritiem B.V. Collision-resistant structure
DE19953240A1 (de) 1999-11-04 2001-05-10 Basf Ag Verbundelemente
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DE102004041593B4 (de) 2004-08-26 2007-02-15 Lindenau Gmbh Schiffswerft Und Maschinenfabrik Doppelhüllenschiff
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DE102007058060B3 (de) * 2007-11-30 2009-05-07 Universität Rostock Hüllenstruktur für Seeschiffe
RU2448014C2 (ru) * 2010-06-10 2012-04-20 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (Минпромторг России) Двойной борт судна
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CN102953324B (zh) * 2012-12-04 2015-04-29 南京联众建设工程技术有限公司 一种桥梁桥墩的防撞装置
CN103968237A (zh) * 2014-05-26 2014-08-06 张家港市山牧新材料技术开发有限公司 一种防撞击车用天然气瓶
CN104787262B (zh) * 2015-04-16 2017-09-15 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 一种不倒翁船型
CN105501390A (zh) * 2015-10-10 2016-04-20 贺健元 双层船体防沉固定浮力舱和活动浮力舱密封门
CN105416520B (zh) * 2015-11-17 2017-11-07 湖北海洋工程装备研究院有限公司 一种滩涂储油罐
RU170099U1 (ru) * 2016-08-23 2017-04-13 Федеральное Государственное Автономное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Дальневосточный Федеральный Университет" (Двфу) Корпус судна
RU168880U1 (ru) * 2016-08-23 2017-02-22 Федеральное Государственное Автономное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Дальневосточный Федеральный Университет" (Двфу) Корпус судна
CN106638526B (zh) * 2016-11-14 2019-01-11 重庆交通大学 一种v形防爆炸冲击保护板
RU2652374C1 (ru) * 2017-04-03 2018-04-25 Владимир Александрович Карташев Корпус судна
PL240509B1 (pl) * 2017-08-16 2022-04-19 Marek Siemaszko Pomieszczenie użytkowe z zewnętrznymi oknami poniżej lustra wody
CN107792294A (zh) * 2017-09-29 2018-03-13 中国船级社 一种全宽平内底液货船设计方法
CN113879456A (zh) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-04 哈尔滨工程大学 一种大型船舶舷侧吸收液舱泄爆装置

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WO2000035746A1 (en) 2000-06-22
NO20012884D0 (no) 2001-06-11
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PL348258A1 (en) 2002-05-20
TR200102224T2 (tr) 2002-03-21
ATE286473T1 (de) 2005-01-15
BG64462B1 (bg) 2005-03-31
CN1333725A (zh) 2002-01-30
EE200100311A (et) 2002-08-15
CA2356848A1 (en) 2000-06-22
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CA2356848C (en) 2008-07-29
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EP1137571A1 (en) 2001-10-04
JP4456277B2 (ja) 2010-04-28
AU1896800A (en) 2000-07-03
HK1040676B (zh) 2005-04-29
HK1040676A1 (en) 2002-06-21
NL1010794C2 (nl) 2000-06-19
DK1137571T5 (da) 2005-08-15
PT1137571E (pt) 2005-05-31
RU2231471C2 (ru) 2004-06-27
AU756330B2 (en) 2003-01-09
PL191039B1 (pl) 2006-03-31
EE04363B1 (et) 2004-10-15
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NO20012884L (no) 2001-08-07
KR20010101175A (ko) 2001-11-14
DE69923083T2 (de) 2005-12-15

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