CN113943159B - 一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113943159B CN113943159B CN202111557861.6A CN202111557861A CN113943159B CN 113943159 B CN113943159 B CN 113943159B CN 202111557861 A CN202111557861 A CN 202111557861A CN 113943159 B CN113943159 B CN 113943159B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- sintering
- parts
- boron carbide
- composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/563—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on boron carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63488—Polyethers, e.g. alkylphenol polyglycolether, polyethylene glycol [PEG], polyethylene oxide [PEO]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3284—Zinc oxides, zincates, cadmium oxides, cadmiates, mercury oxides, mercurates or oxide forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
- C04B2235/404—Refractory metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/658—Atmosphere during thermal treatment
- C04B2235/6581—Total pressure below 1 atmosphere, e.g. vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/66—Specific sintering techniques, e.g. centrifugal sintering
- C04B2235/661—Multi-step sintering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,属于陶瓷制备技术领域,本发明的制备方法包括制备复合粉体,复合粉体改性,造粒,注射成型,真空脱脂,一次烧结,二次烧结;通过本发明的制备方法,能够在获得高密度,高硬度的同时,解决碳化硼陶瓷的高温氧化问题,减少在制备碳化硼陶瓷过程中粉体团聚问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制备技术领域,具体涉及一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
碳化硼陶瓷是一种仅次于金刚石和立方氮化硼的超硬材料,碳化硼具有超硬、高熔点、低密度等一系列优良的物理化学性能。碳化硼陶瓷的显著特点是非常坚硬,其显微硬度约为50000MPa,仅次于金刚石和立方氮化硼,它的研磨效率可达到金刚石的60-70%,是碳化硅的1倍,是刚玉研磨能力的1-2倍,它耐酸碱性能好,热膨胀系数小,因而它有较好的热稳定性,能吸收热中子,但抗冲击性能差,脆性大。此外,碳化硼在1000℃时能抵抗空气的腐蚀,不过在较高的温度时它在氧化气氛中很容易氧化。
为了获得致密的碳化硼陶瓷,一般采用热压烧结法来制取碳化硼陶瓷。热压烧结的碳化硼陶瓷可以达到理论密度的98%,制备时在真空热压炉或普通热压炉中进行,热压温度为2100℃,压力为80-100MPa,保温数分钟后降温,降温时需要保持压力。但是由于碳化硼陶瓷的抗热震性较差,因此降温要缓慢,而且热压温度不宜过高,到2150℃会出现B4C-C共晶液相,影响碳化硼陶瓷的硬度,但温度过低,就会导致产品密度低,虽然采用碳化硼超细粉原料,可以获得密度和硬度均高的碳化硼陶瓷制品,但是使用碳化硼超细粉原料制备碳化硼陶瓷时会出现团聚问题,而且使用碳化硼超细粉原料并不能解决碳化硼陶瓷的高温氧化问题;因此,研发一种碳化硼陶瓷的制备方法,能够在获得高密度,高硬度的同时,解决碳化硼陶瓷的高温氧化问题,减少在制备碳化硼陶瓷过程中粉体团聚问题,是目前急需解决的问题。
专利CN108821772B公开了一种添加氧化铝粉制备碳化硼铝系复合陶瓷粉的方法,该制备方法如下:先将碳质还原剂破碎成粉料;将破碎好的碳质还原剂粉,硼酸粉和Al2O3粉按一定的配比进行配料、混料、并压制成球团,再将球团进行烘干;将球团放入加热炉内进行高温冶炼制备碳化硼复合陶瓷粗粉;将得到的粗粉破碎并进行分级除杂;得到的渣粉进行回收再利用,碳化硼复合陶瓷精粉用于制作碳化硼复合陶瓷烧结原料;该专利的不足:制备的复合陶瓷材料抗高温氧化性能差。
专利CN106854080B公开了一种致密超细晶碳化硼陶瓷材料降低烧结温度的制备方法,选取平均粒度小于20μm的粗碳化硼粉末进行球磨、沉降,得到粒径小于1μm的碳化硼超细粉末;将碳化硼超细粉末与MnNiCoCrFex高熵合金粉末混合进行球磨,得到B4C-MnNiCoCrFex混合粉末;将该混合粉末进行加压烧结,得到烧结温度降低的致密超细晶碳化硼陶瓷材料;该专利的不足:在制备致密超细晶碳化硼陶瓷材料时碳化硼超细粉末易发生团聚。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明提供了一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,能够在获得高密度,高硬度的同时,解决碳化硼陶瓷的高温氧化问题,减少在制备碳化硼陶瓷过程中粉体团聚问题。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明采取的技术方案如下:
一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,包括制备复合粉体,复合粉体改性,造粒,注射成型,真空脱脂,一次烧结,二次烧结。
所述制备复合粉体,将碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体混合均匀后置于球磨机中,在球磨前先将球磨罐内抽真空,然后通入纯度为99.6-99.9%的氧气,控制球磨罐内氧气的气体压力为0.04-0.05MPa,球磨过程中控制球磨温度为25-30℃,球料比为5-6:1,转速为280-300rpm,球磨时间为3-4h,球磨结束后得到初级混合粉,然后向初级混合粉表面喷淋活性液,喷淋结束后进行微波震荡,控制微波震荡的强度为80-100W,微波震荡的时间为4-6min,微波震荡结束得到初混料,将初混料置于真空干燥箱中进行真空干燥,控制真空干燥箱的真空度为0.04-0.06MPa,温度为70-80℃,真空干燥时间为1.5-2h,真空干燥结束得到复合粉体。
所述碳化硼粉体的纯度为99-99.5%,粒径为20-40μm。
所述活性液的组成,按重量份计,包括:30-35份无水乙醇,3-4份三乙胺,2-3份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,1-3份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠,1-2份丙烯酰胺。
其中,碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体的质量比为35-40:5-8:7-9:2-3:1-3。
所述初级混合粉与活性液的质量比为1:3-4。
所述复合粉体改性,将复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼混合均匀后置于球磨机中,在球磨前先将球磨罐内抽真空,然后通入氮气作为保护气体,控制球磨罐内氮气的气体压力为0.05-0.06MPa,控制球磨温度为40-50℃,球料比为8-10:1,转速为200-250rpm,球磨时间为3-5h,球磨结束得到混合粉体,然后将混合粉体置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,控制吸收剂量为80-100KGy,辐照结束得到改性后的复合粉体。
其中,复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼的质量比为25-30:2-3:3-5:1-2。
所述造粒,将改性后的复合粉体置于造粒机中造粒,将造粒机的温度控制在130-140℃,获得粒径为30-50目的圆形粉料。
所述注射成型,将圆形粉料置于注射机料盒中,控制加热温度为150-160℃,通过注射机成型后得到生坯。
所述真空脱脂,将生坯置于真空脱脂炉中,控制真空度为50-60Pa,以1-3℃/min的升温速率升至300-350℃,保温1-2h,得到脱脂后的坯体。
所述一次烧结,将脱脂后的坯体置于真空烧结炉中,以单质硅掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,控制真空度为0.02-0.03MPa,烧结温度为1500-1550℃,烧结时间为1-1.5h,然后自然冷却至室温后得到一次烧结后的复合陶瓷。
所述二次烧结,将一次烧结后的复合陶瓷置于真空烧结炉中,以渗钛助剂掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,控制真空度为0.02-0.03MPa,首先以0.5-1℃/min的升温速度升至500-600℃,在500-600℃下保温2.5-3h,然后以2-3℃/min的升温速度升至1500-1550℃,在1500-1550℃保温1-1.5h,然后自然冷却至室温后得到碳化硼复合陶瓷。
所述渗钛助剂的组成,按重量份计,包括:60-70份钛粉,10-12份氯化铝,5-10份氧化锌,2-5份氧化钙。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明的碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,通过在制备复合粉体步骤中喷淋活性液和微波震荡,以及在复合粉体改姓步骤中将混合粉置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,能够解决在烧结过程中粉体易发生团聚的问题;
(2)本发明的碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,通过在制备复合粉体步骤中喷淋活性液和微波震荡,在复合粉体改姓步骤中将混合粉置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,以及进行二次烧结,能提高碳化硼复合陶瓷的致密度,维氏硬度,弹性模量,抗拉强度,抗弯强度,抗压强度,本发明制备的碳化硼复合陶瓷的密度为3.25-3.29g/cm3,致密度为98.7-99.2%,维氏硬度为26-28GPa,弹性模量为445-451GPa,抗拉强度为317-321MPa,抗弯强度为437-441MPa,抗压强度为1950-2010MPa;
(3)本发明的碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,通过在制备复合粉体步骤中喷淋活性液和微波震荡,在复合粉体改姓步骤中将混合粉置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,以及进行二次烧结,能降低碳化硼复合陶瓷的脆性,提高碳化硼陶瓷的断裂韧性,本发明制备的碳化硼陶瓷的断裂韧性为5.5-5.7 MPa·m1/2;
(4)本发明的碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,通过在制备复合粉体步骤中喷淋活性液和微波震荡,在复合粉体改姓步骤中将混合粉置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,以及进行二次烧结,能提高碳化硼复合陶瓷的高温抗氧化性能,按照JC/T 2530-2019标准对本发明制备的碳化硼复合陶瓷的抗氧化性进行测试,将试样放入炉子中,于1400℃中氧化60h后的质量变化为0.25-0.28g/cm3。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解,现说明本发明的具体实施方式。
实施例1
一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,具体为:
1.制备复合粉体:将碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体混合均匀后置于球磨机中,在球磨前先将球磨罐内抽真空,然后通入纯度为99.6%的氧气,控制球磨罐内氧气的气体压力为0.04MPa,球磨过程中控制球磨温度为25℃,球料比为5:1,转速为280rpm,球磨时间为3h,球磨结束后得到初级混合粉,然后向初级混合粉表面喷淋活性液,喷淋结束后进行微波震荡,控制微波震荡的强度为80W,微波震荡的时间为4min,微波震荡结束得到初混料,将初混料置于真空干燥箱中进行真空干燥,控制真空干燥箱的真空度为0.04MPa,温度为70℃,真空干燥时间为1.5h,真空干燥结束得到复合粉体;
所述碳化硼粉体的纯度为99%,粒径为20μm。
所述活性液的组成,按重量份计,包括:30份无水乙醇,3份三乙胺,2份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,1份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠,1份丙烯酰胺。
其中,碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体的质量比为35:5:7:2:1。
所述初级混合粉与活性液的质量比为1:3。
2.复合粉体改性:将复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼混合均匀后置于球磨机中,在球磨前先将球磨罐内抽真空,然后通入氮气作为保护气体,控制球磨罐内氮气的气体压力为0.05MPa,控制球磨温度为40℃,球料比为8:1,转速为200rpm,球磨时间为3h,球磨结束得到混合粉体,然后将混合粉体置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,控制吸收剂量为80KGy,辐照结束得到改性后的复合粉体;
其中,复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼的质量比为25:2:3:1。
3.造粒:将改性后的复合粉体置于造粒机中造粒,将造粒机的温度控制在130℃,获得粒径为30目的圆形粉料。
4.注射成型:将圆形粉料置于注射机料盒中,控制加热温度为150℃,通过注射机成型后得到生坯。
5.真空脱脂:将生坯置于真空脱脂炉中,控制真空度为50Pa,以1℃/min的升温速率升至300℃,保温1h,得到脱脂后的坯体。
6.一次烧结:将脱脂后的坯体置于真空烧结炉中,以单质硅掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,控制真空度为0.02MPa,烧结温度为1500℃,烧结时间为1h,然后自然冷却至室温后得到一次烧结后的复合陶瓷。
7.二次烧结:将一次烧结后的复合陶瓷置于真空烧结炉中,以渗钛助剂掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,控制真空度为0.02MPa,首先以0.5℃/min的升温速度升至500℃,在500℃下保温2.5h,然后以2℃/min的升温速度升至1500℃,在1500℃保温1h,然后自然冷却至室温后得到碳化硼复合陶瓷;
所述渗钛助剂的组成,按重量份计,包括:60份钛粉,10份氯化铝,5份氧化锌,2份氧化钙。
本实施例的制备过程中未出现粉体团聚问题。
实施例2
一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,具体为:
1.制备复合粉体:将碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体混合均匀后置于球磨机中,在球磨前先将球磨罐内抽真空,然后通入纯度为99.8%的氧气,控制球磨罐内氧气的气体压力为0.04MPa,球磨过程中控制球磨温度为27℃,球料比为5:1,转速为290rpm,球磨时间为3.5h,球磨结束后得到初级混合粉,然后向初级混合粉表面喷淋活性液,喷淋结束后进行微波震荡,控制微波震荡的强度为90W,微波震荡的时间为5min,微波震荡结束得到初混料,将初混料置于真空干燥箱中进行真空干燥,控制真空干燥箱的真空度为0.05MPa,温度为75℃,真空干燥时间为1.7h,真空干燥结束得到复合粉体;
所述碳化硼粉体的纯度为99.2%,粒径为30μm。
所述活性液的组成,按重量份计,包括:32份无水乙醇,3份三乙胺,2份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,3份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠,2份丙烯酰胺。
其中,碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体的质量比为37:7:8:2:3。
所述初级混合粉与活性液的质量比为1:3.5。
2.复合粉体改性:将复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼混合均匀后置于球磨机中,在球磨前先将球磨罐内抽真空,然后通入氮气作为保护气体,控制球磨罐内氮气的气体压力为0.05MPa,控制球磨温度为45℃,球料比为9:1,转速为220rpm,球磨时间为4h,球磨结束得到混合粉体,然后将混合粉体置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,控制吸收剂量为90KGy,辐照结束得到改性后的复合粉体。
其中,复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼的质量比为27:2:4:1。
3.造粒:将改性后的复合粉体置于造粒机中造粒,将造粒机的温度控制在135℃,获得粒径为40目的圆形粉料。
4.注射成型:将圆形粉料置于注射机料盒中,控制加热温度为155℃,通过注射机成型后得到生坯。
5.真空脱脂:将生坯置于真空脱脂炉中,控制真空度为55Pa,以2℃/min的升温速率升至320℃,保温1.5h,得到脱脂后的坯体。
6.一次烧结:将脱脂后的坯体置于真空烧结炉中,以单质硅掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,控制真空度为0.02MPa,烧结温度为1520℃,烧结时间为1.2h,然后自然冷却至室温后得到一次烧结后的复合陶瓷。
7.二次烧结:将一次烧结后的复合陶瓷置于真空烧结炉中,以渗钛助剂掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,控制真空度为0.02MPa,首先以0.7℃/min的升温速度升至550℃,在550℃下保温2.7h,然后以2.5℃/min的升温速度升至1520℃,在1520℃保温1.2h,然后自然冷却至室温后得到碳化硼复合陶瓷。
所述渗钛助剂的组成,按重量份计,包括:65份钛粉,11份氯化铝,8份氧化锌,3份氧化钙。
本实施例的制备过程中未出现粉体团聚问题。
实施例3
一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,具体为:
1.制备复合粉体:将碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体混合均匀后置于球磨机中,在球磨前先将球磨罐内抽真空,然后通入纯度为99.9%的氧气,控制球磨罐内氧气的气体压力为0.05MPa,球磨过程中控制球磨温度为30℃,球料比为6:1,转速为300rpm,球磨时间为4h,球磨结束后得到初级混合粉,然后向初级混合粉表面喷淋活性液,喷淋结束后进行微波震荡,控制微波震荡的强度为100W,微波震荡的时间为6min,微波震荡结束得到初混料,将初混料置于真空干燥箱中进行真空干燥,控制真空干燥箱的真空度为0.06MPa,温度为80℃,真空干燥时间为2h,真空干燥结束得到复合粉体;
所述碳化硼粉体的纯度为99.5%,粒径为40μm。
所述活性液的组成,按重量份计,包括:35份无水乙醇,4份三乙胺,3份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,3份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠,2份丙烯酰胺。
其中,碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体的质量比为40:8:9:3:3。
所述初级混合粉与活性液的质量比为1:4。
2.复合粉体改性:将复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼混合均匀后置于球磨机中,在球磨前先将球磨罐内抽真空,然后通入氮气作为保护气体,控制球磨罐内氮气的气体压力为0.06MPa,控制球磨温度为50℃,球料比为10:1,转速为250rpm,球磨时间为5h,球磨结束得到混合粉体,然后将混合粉体置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,控制吸收剂量为100KGy,辐照结束得到改性后的复合粉体。
其中,复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼的质量比为30:3:5:2。
3.造粒:将改性后的复合粉体置于造粒机中造粒,将造粒机的温度控制在140℃,获得粒径为50目的圆形粉料。
4.注射成型:将圆形粉料置于注射机料盒中,控制加热温度为160℃,通过注射机成型后得到生坯。
5.真空脱脂:将生坯置于真空脱脂炉中,控制真空度为60Pa,以3℃/min的升温速率升至350℃,保温2h,得到脱脂后的坯体。
6.一次烧结:将脱脂后的坯体置于真空烧结炉中,以单质硅掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,控制真空度为0.03MPa,烧结温度为1550℃,烧结时间为1.5h,然后自然冷却至室温后得到一次烧结后的复合陶瓷。
7.二次烧结:将一次烧结后的复合陶瓷置于真空烧结炉中,以渗钛助剂掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,控制真空度为0.03MPa,首先以1℃/min的升温速度升至600℃,在600℃下保温3h,然后以3℃/min的升温速度升至1550℃,在1550℃保温1.5h,然后自然冷却至室温后得到碳化硼复合陶瓷。
所述渗钛助剂的组成,按重量份计,包括:70份钛粉,12份氯化铝,10份氧化锌,5份氧化钙。
本实施例的制备过程中未出现粉体团聚问题。
对比例1
采用实施例1所述的碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,其不同之处在于:第1步制备复合粉体步骤中省略喷淋活性液和微波震荡,即将第1步的初级混合粉作为复合粉体用于第2步复合粉体改性。
本对比例在烧结过程中出现了粉体团聚问题。
对比例2
采用实施例1所述的碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,其不同之处在于:第2步复合粉体改性中省略将混合粉置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,即将第2步的混合粉体作为改性后的复合粉体用于第3步造粒。
本对比例在烧结过程中出现了粉体团聚问题。
对比例3
采用实施例1所述的碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,其不同之处在于:省略第7步二次烧结步骤。
本对比例在烧结过程中出现了粉体团聚问题。
对实施例1-3和对比例1-3制备的碳化硼复合陶瓷的密度,致密度,维氏硬度,弹性模量,抗拉强度,抗弯强度,抗压强度,断裂韧性进行检测,检测结果如下所示:
按照JC/T 2530-2019标准对实施例1-3和对比例1-3制备的碳化硼复合陶瓷的抗氧化性进行测试,将试样放入炉子中,于1400℃中氧化60h,测质量变化,测试结果如下:
除非另有说明,本发明中所采用的百分数均为质量百分数。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,包括制备复合粉体,复合粉体改性,造粒,注射成型,真空脱脂,一次烧结,二次烧结;
所述制备复合粉体,将碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体混合均匀后置于球磨机中进行球磨,球磨结束后得到初级混合粉,然后向初级混合粉表面喷淋活性液,喷淋结束后进行微波震荡,微波震荡结束得到初混料,将初混料置于真空干燥箱中进行真空干燥,真空干燥结束得到复合粉体;
其中,碳化硼粉体,氧化锌粉体,二氧化硅粉体,二水硫酸钙粉体,一水硫酸镁粉体的质量比为35-40:5-8:7-9:2-3:1-3;
所述初级混合粉与活性液的质量比为1:3-4;
所述活性液的组成,按重量份计,包括:30-35份无水乙醇,3-4份三乙胺,2-3份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,1-3份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠,1-2份丙烯酰胺;
所述复合粉体改性,将复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼混合均匀后置于球磨机中,在球磨前先将球磨罐内抽真空,然后通入氮气作为保护气体后进行球磨,球磨结束得到混合粉体,然后将混合粉体置于γ-射线辐射场中进行辐照,控制吸收剂量为80-100KGy,辐照结束得到改性后的复合粉体;
其中,复合粉体,黄原胶,硅藻土,纳米氮化硼的质量比为25-30:2-3:3-5:1-2;
所述造粒,将改性后的复合粉体置于造粒机中造粒,将造粒机的温度控制在130-140℃,获得粒径为30-50目的圆形粉料;
所述一次烧结,将脱脂后的坯体置于真空烧结炉中,以单质硅掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,控制真空度为0.02-0.03MPa,烧结温度为1500-1550℃,烧结时间为1-1.5h,然后自然冷却至室温后得到一次烧结后的复合陶瓷;
所述二次烧结,将一次烧结后的复合陶瓷置于真空烧结炉中,以渗钛助剂掩埋后在真空下进行烧结,烧结结束后自然冷却至室温后得到碳化硼复合陶瓷;
所述渗钛助剂的组成,按重量份计,包括:60-70份钛粉,10-12份氯化铝,5-10份氧化锌,2-5份氧化钙。
2.根据权利要求1所述的碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述注射成型,将圆形粉料置于注射机料盒中,控制加热温度为150-160℃,通过注射机成型后得到生坯。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111557861.6A CN113943159B (zh) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | 一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111557861.6A CN113943159B (zh) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | 一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113943159A CN113943159A (zh) | 2022-01-18 |
CN113943159B true CN113943159B (zh) | 2022-02-25 |
Family
ID=79339227
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111557861.6A Active CN113943159B (zh) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | 一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113943159B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116143522B (zh) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-08-01 | 山东金鸿新材料股份有限公司 | 一种气压烧结碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法 |
CN116639981B (zh) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-10-13 | 山东金鸿新材料股份有限公司 | 一种无压碳化硼陶瓷的制备方法 |
CN117430424B (zh) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-03-19 | 山东金鸿新材料股份有限公司 | 一种复合碳化硼陶瓷的制备方法及其在防弹陶瓷插板中的应用 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105503192A (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 山东大学 | 一种注射成型反应烧结B4C/SiC复合陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
CN106399923A (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-15 | 大连圣洁真空技术开发有限公司开发区分公司 | 渗钛表面处理工艺 |
CN108675793A (zh) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-10-19 | 北京清核材料科技有限公司 | 一种碳化硼陶瓷的二次烧结方法 |
CN110950597A (zh) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-03 | 淮南昂瑞新型墙材有限责任公司 | 一种蒸压加气混凝土砌砖的生产工艺 |
CN112778013A (zh) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-05-11 | 上海召明实业有限公司 | 一种无压烧结碳化硼防弹陶瓷及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102364295B1 (ko) * | 2020-02-28 | 2022-02-21 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 탄화붕소 복합재료 및 그의 제조방법 |
-
2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111557861.6A patent/CN113943159B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105503192A (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 山东大学 | 一种注射成型反应烧结B4C/SiC复合陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
CN106399923A (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-15 | 大连圣洁真空技术开发有限公司开发区分公司 | 渗钛表面处理工艺 |
CN108675793A (zh) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-10-19 | 北京清核材料科技有限公司 | 一种碳化硼陶瓷的二次烧结方法 |
CN110950597A (zh) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-03 | 淮南昂瑞新型墙材有限责任公司 | 一种蒸压加气混凝土砌砖的生产工艺 |
CN112778013A (zh) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-05-11 | 上海召明实业有限公司 | 一种无压烧结碳化硼防弹陶瓷及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113943159A (zh) | 2022-01-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN113943159B (zh) | 一种碳化硼复合陶瓷的制备方法 | |
US4123286A (en) | Silicon carbide powder compositions | |
CN110606749A (zh) | 一种高熵硼化物陶瓷材料及其制备方法 | |
CA1272581A (en) | Nitriding silicon powder articles using high temperature and pressure dwells | |
US4332755A (en) | Sintered silicon carbide - aluminum nitride articles and method of making such articles | |
CN112030026B (zh) | 一种高硬度、高致密度复合稀土氧化物掺杂钨基复合材料的制备方法 | |
CN108546093B (zh) | 一种氧化铝短纤增强氧化镁基坩埚及其制备方法 | |
WO2019037688A1 (zh) | 碳化铀芯块及其制备方法、燃料棒 | |
CN101734918A (zh) | 一种致密富10b碳化硼陶瓷及其制备方法 | |
CN113480318A (zh) | 一种高热导氮化硅陶瓷及其制备方法 | |
CN111499386A (zh) | 一种复合陶瓷材料及其制备方法 | |
CN108727058A (zh) | 一种有机硅改性中空陶瓷微珠及其制备和应用 | |
CN109231972B (zh) | 轻质电熔刚玉砖 | |
CN115321969A (zh) | 一种熔融石英陶瓷坩埚的制作方法 | |
CN111574214B (zh) | 一种六铝酸钙复相材料及其制备方法 | |
CN107417271A (zh) | 一种稀土铝(硅)酸盐棒状晶增强镁铝尖晶石材料的制备方法 | |
CN113896537A (zh) | 一种碳化硼与碳化硅复合陶瓷的制备方法 | |
CN108439959B (zh) | 一种二氧化锆短纤与碱式硫酸镁晶须复合增强氧化镁基坩埚及其制备方法 | |
CN111793823B (zh) | 高纯度六硼化钆多晶及其制备方法 | |
CN116926399B (zh) | 一种特种陶瓷材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN110330349A (zh) | 一种氮化硅纳米纤维增强氮化硼陶瓷及其制备方法 | |
CN116041068B (zh) | 一种低氧铜杆冶炼熔炉用的抗氧化氧氮化硅结合碳化硅砖 | |
CN117550901B (zh) | 一种采用核壳结构Si3N4@MgSiN2粉体制备高导热高强度氮化硅陶瓷的方法 | |
CN115231572A (zh) | 一种纳米碳化钛粉体的制备方法 | |
CN117383944A (zh) | 一种(TiCrVNbTa)(C0.66N0.33)高熵陶瓷及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: A Preparation Method of Boron Carbide Composite Ceramics Effective date of registration: 20230509 Granted publication date: 20220225 Pledgee: Bank of Communications Ltd. Weifang branch Pledgor: SHANDONG JINHONG NEW MATERIAL Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980040073 |