CN113909676A

CN113909676A - Multi-station synchronous machining method and device for increasing and decreasing materials of space thin-wall parts

Info

Publication number: CN113909676A
Application number: CN202111205380.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨钦文; 肖罡; 戴璐祎; 仪传明; 邓辉; 李时春
Original assignee: Hunan University
Current assignee: Hunan University
Priority date: 2021-10-15
Filing date: 2021-10-15
Publication date: 2022-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-15
Also published as: CN113909676B

Abstract

The invention discloses a material-increasing and material-reducing multi-station synchronous machining device for a space thin-wall part, which comprises a fixed base, a gantry crane, a material-increasing module, a grinding material-reducing module, a composite workbench and the like; the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane upright post, a composite workbench and a base, wherein the composite workbench comprises an upper workbench and a lower workbench, and the upper workbench and the lower workbench can move horizontally; the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane beam and a gantry crane upright post, the gantry crane beam comprises a first beam and a second beam, and the grinding material reduction module and the material increase module respectively move horizontally relative to the first beam and the second beam. The invention has the advantages of compact structure and the like.

Description

Multi-station synchronous machining method and device for increasing and decreasing materials of space thin-wall parts

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of desktop type laser processing equipment, in particular to a material adding and reducing multi-station synchronous processing method and device for a space thin-wall part.

Background

In traditional laser processing equipment, carry out increase material processing earlier, subtract material processing again, increase and decrease material processing can not accomplish simultaneously, need go up unloading operation and relocation again, though there is partial increase and decrease material equipment complex at present, but there is the interference problem between each station, leads to increase and decrease material equipment complex to have certain limitation.

With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry in China, the customization demand of novel mechanical equipment is increasing day by day, and the structural integration and structural complexity degree of various parts are continuously improved. Meanwhile, in the aspect of processing high-performance complex parts, various requirements such as customization, high precision, high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, integration and integration are correspondingly provided. This provides a broad platform for development and technological improvement for additive/subtractive composite manufacturing techniques.

In order to further improve the processing precision and the surface quality of the additive forming part, a grinding processing link is required to be arranged in the material reducing process of the additive/material reducing composite manufacturing equipment. Moreover, a large amount of abrasive dust is generated during grinding, and under the condition that the sealing performance of the transmission system is insufficient, key transmission components such as a ball screw and a guide rod of the equipment are easy to accumulate abrasive dust and are seriously worn (at the moment, the abrasive dust acts as abrasive particles), so that the subsequent working precision of the equipment and the service life of the transmission system of the equipment are seriously influenced.

The existing desktop type increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing equipment lacks the consideration of protecting the inert gas in the laser material increasing process. At present, a large proportion of high-performance complex parts are all made of metal materials, and the metal materials have relatively high requirements on oxidation resistance of a specific gas environment in the process of laser additive rapid forming. Therefore, when the workpiece raw material is made of a metal material, the metal material is easily oxidized due to the lack of the protection of inert gas in the laser material increasing process, so that the forming quality of the metal material is influenced, and the method is narrow in application range and not suitable for processing the metal material. In addition, when the material is ground and cut, the splashed metal material may cause a safety hazard to an operator. The additive processing equipment of the existing additive/subtractive composite manufacturing equipment is only used for forming and manufacturing a specific or appointed material, and the consideration of composite material parts is lacked. Particularly, the material reducing processing link is really developed comprehensively with diversity and diversification. Generally, the material reducing part is only used for cutting (mainly milling) one surface in the material forming process. For part of complex parts, the parts need to be further ground after material increasing/reducing processing, but the material reducing function is not complete, so that the flexibility of the material reducing processing is lower under special working conditions. In summary, the existing material increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing technology and equipment design still have many defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multi-station synchronous machining method and device for increasing and decreasing materials of a spatial thin-wall part.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a multi-station synchronous machining device for material increase and decrease of space thin-wall parts comprises a fixed base, a gantry crane, a material increase module, a grinding material decrease module and a composite workbench; the fixed base comprises an inner base, an upper base and a lower base, the inner base and the upper base are positioned on the lower base, and the upper base is sleeved outside the inner base; a sixth driving mechanism is arranged in the fixed base, the upper base rotates relative to the inner base under the driving of the sixth driving mechanism, the gantry crane upright is fixed on the upper base, and the composite workbench is arranged at the inner base; the composite workbench comprises an upper workbench and a lower workbench, the lower workbench is connected below the upper workbench, a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism are arranged in the inner base, and the upper workbench and the lower workbench respectively horizontally move under the driving of the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism; the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane beam and a gantry crane upright post, the gantry crane beam is positioned above the compound workbench, the gantry crane beam comprises a first beam and a second beam, the second beam is symmetrically arranged relative to the first beam, one end of the second beam is connected to the side wall of the first beam, and the gantry crane upright posts are arranged at two ends of the first beam and the other end of the second beam; a fifth driving mechanism is arranged in the gantry crane upright column and used for driving the gantry crane beam to move up and down; and a fourth driving mechanism and a third driving mechanism are respectively arranged in the first cross beam and the second cross beam, the fourth driving mechanism and the third driving mechanism are respectively used for driving the grinding reduction material module and the material increase module to move horizontally, and the material increase module and the grinding material decrease module respectively perform material increase processing and material decrease processing on parts on the composite workbench.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

the laser material reducing module is arranged below the end part of one side, close to the gantry crane upright post, of the gantry crane beam and is used for reducing the material of the side face of a workpiece.

The grinding material reducing module and the material increasing module are detachably connected with the fourth driving mechanism and the third driving mechanism respectively.

The grinding material reducing module comprises a grinding wheel upright post, a small grinding wheel, a grinding wheel motor, a grinding wheel swing shaft and a grinding wheel swing post, wherein the small grinding wheel is located outside the grinding wheel upright post and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, the grinding wheel motor, the grinding wheel swing shaft and the grinding wheel swing post are located in the grinding wheel upright post, the grinding wheel motor drives the horizontally arranged grinding wheel swing shaft to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing post are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft and the small grinding wheel.

The grinding material cutting module also comprises two conical gears which are in meshed transmission with each other, wherein one conical gear is fixed on the grinding wheel oscillating shaft, and the grinding wheel motor drives one conical gear to rotate so as to drive the grinding wheel oscillating shaft to rotate; the bottom of the grinding wheel upright post is provided with a wedge-shaped groove.

The vibration material disk piece includes the laser head, send a first to send the raw materials to the laser head below to melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to combined working table upper surface of laser head just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a first, satisfies 0 < alpha < 90.

Second actuating mechanism is including being fixed in second servo motor and at least one X of interior base lower part to ball, the workstation includes dull and stereotyped and a plurality of connecting plates that are located dull and stereotyped below down, interior base is equipped with the X that supplies the connecting plate to pass to the bar hole, the lower part and the X of connecting plate are connected to ball, at least one X is driven by second servo motor to ball, the X of connecting plate lower part is to ball and the corresponding X of connecting plate to bar hole dislocation set.

The lower base comprises an inner boss and an outer boss arranged at an interval with the inner boss, the space between the outer boss and the inner boss is an accommodating space, an inner gear is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the upper base, the inner gear and a sixth driving mechanism are located in the accommodating space, the sixth driving mechanism comprises a sixth driving motor and a sixth driving gear connected to the output end of the sixth driving motor, and the sixth driving gear is in meshing transmission with the inner gear.

The device also comprises a telescopic rod and telescopic rod fixing blocks, wherein the telescopic rod fixing blocks are oppositely arranged on two sides of the inner base, and the upper workbench is connected with the upper parts of the telescopic rod fixing blocks through the telescopic rod;

first actuating mechanism includes first servo motor and Y to ball, and interior base is seted up the Y that supplies the telescopic link fixed block to pass to the bar hole, first servo motor Y is fixed in to ball in the base, first servo motor is used for driving Y and rotates to ball, Y is to ball and telescopic link fixed block sub-unit connection and drive the telescopic link fixed block along Y to removing, Y is to ball and Y to bar hole dislocation set.

The device still includes telescopic baffle, telescopic baffle is located between workstation and the telescopic link fixed block and is located interior base, telescopic baffle includes that middle part baffle and cover locate the outer both ends baffle of middle part baffle, the telescopic link passes the middle part baffle and is connected with the telescopic link fixed block.

The grinding material cutting module further comprises two conical gears which are in meshed transmission with each other, one of the conical gears is fixed on the grinding wheel swinging shaft, and the grinding wheel motor drives one of the conical gears to rotate so as to drive the grinding wheel swinging shaft to rotate.

And two ends of the grinding wheel swinging shaft are fixed on the inner side wall of the grinding wheel upright post.

The grinding wheel upright column side wall is provided with a storage opening convenient to maintain and a storage door, and the storage door is used for opening and closing the storage opening.

As a general inventive concept, the invention also provides a processing method of the space thin-wall part material-adding and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device, which comprises the following steps: placing a workpiece on a composite workbench, starting a material increase module to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the composite workbench, the material increase module and the grinding material reduction module, moving the material increase module upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the change of the relative positions of the workpiece on the composite workbench, the material adding module and the material reducing module comprises the following modes:

mode A: opening a sixth driving mechanism to drive the gantry crane beam to rotate;

mode B: starting a third driving mechanism to drive the additive module to move horizontally;

mode C: starting a fourth driving mechanism to drive the grinding material reduction module to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a first driving mechanism to drive the upper workbench to horizontally move;

mode E: starting a second driving mechanism to drive the lower workbench to horizontally move;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: and rotating the small grinding wheel of the grinding material reduction module until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece.

The concrete steps of moving the material increase module upwards are as follows: and opening a fifth driving mechanism in the gantry crane column to drive the gantry crane beam to move upwards.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the invention adopts a third driving mechanism and a fourth driving mechanism to respectively drive an additive module and a grinding and material reducing module to horizontally move, the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism drive an upper workbench and a lower workbench to horizontally move, the sixth driving mechanism drives a portal crane beam to rotate, and the additive module and the grinding and material reducing module are rotated to any position of a workpiece, thereby meeting the requirement of multi-directional processing of the complex part, processing various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces, particularly processing and forming a space thin-wall component containing the complex curved surfaces or a revolving body with a central axis being a curve and a variable diameter, realizing the rotation of a small grinding wheel by swinging a grinding wheel shaft of the grinding and material reducing module, realizing the attachment of the side wall of the part at any angle under the rotation of the grinding and material reducing module, and removing the constraint of the complex structure part on the traditional grinding process, the production flexibility of the equipment is further improved.

2. The invention adopts a novel multi-shaft linkage transmission composite working platform, and arranges a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism for controlling single-shaft transmission below an inner base, and an upper working table and a lower working table form a multi-shaft composite transmission movement form through the sliding fit of a lower sliding block and a guide groove. On one hand, the mass of parts such as the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and the like is concentrated under the base, the gravity center of the whole equipment device is reduced, the motion load of the workbench is reduced, and the efficiency of high efficiency and energy saving is realized while the stability of the equipment device is improved; on the other hand, the independent uniaxial movement of the composite workbench is adopted to realize the positioning of the workpiece at any point in the working plane, so that the current situation of single-degree-of-freedom movement of the traditional working platform is broken through, and the design of a driving system of a processing module is simplified.

3. The invention designs a more perfect sealing structure of the transmission system by combining the transmission characteristics of the equipment. A transmission systems such as the first actuating mechanism that is used for under the drive workstation and second actuating mechanism place under the base, and X is to bar hole dislocation set rather than corresponding X to ball, Y is to bar hole dislocation set rather than the Y that corresponds to ball, even if the abrasive dust enters into the bar downthehole and drops downwards, do not influence X to ball or Y to ball's transmission yet, transmission parts's life has been prolonged, meanwhile the outer sleeve of installation outside the inner guide arm of telescopic link, the inner skleeve, realize complicated transmission system's totally closed lubrication, prevent the infiltration and the piling up of abrasive dust. On one hand, the abrasive dust is prevented from being accumulated in a transmission system, the transmission system is prevented from being worn, and the service life of the transmission system is prolonged; on the other hand, the equipment transmission and the machining precision are improved, and integrated machining is realized.

4. The invention designs the air-tight protective cover (namely the outer cover) with proper size performance, pays attention to the integral air tightness and protection performance of the equipment, ensures the integral air tightness of the device while completely not influencing the stability of a transmission system, is suitable for forming and processing various material parts capable of being processed by laser additive materials including metal materials, has extremely strong work adaptability aiming at diversified processing objects, and greatly expands the working service range of the equipment. The outer cover is isolated from the external environment, and can form a protective gas environment in a negative pressure state, so that the safety of operators is protected while the high-temperature oxidation of materials is prevented.

5. This device is for once installation increase and decrease material synchronous processing, compares with traditional multistation substep processing mode, and this equipment has saved dismantlement many times and installation work piece to and steps such as artifical transport work piece, greatly shortened operating time, improved work efficiency, reduced time cost and cost of labor.

6. The device adopts a desktop design, has a small integral structure and limited occupied space, can save a large amount of position space in work, and simultaneously has higher portability and flexibility, thereby realizing greater popularization in production.

7. During the operation of the device, the working moving path of each processing part is shorter, so that the whole processing flow is shortened, the production period of the workpiece is further shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Under the processing advantages of short flow and short period, the energy consumed by the equipment for producing a single part is synchronously reduced along with the reduction of the production period, so that the energy consumption period in the part production process is correspondingly shortened, and the requirements of low energy consumption and low emission are indirectly met.

8. The material increasing module and the material reducing module are modularized devices, so that the device is simple and convenient to replace and maintain. The device adopts the paraxial wire feeding laser melting additive manufacturing technology (the additive module is provided with a wire feeding head and a laser head, and the wire feeding head and the laser head are provided with included angles) to be compounded with the grinding wheel grinding technology (small grinding wheels for grinding the additive module and the like), the production flexibility is high, and the device has extremely high conformity with the mixed flow assembly line which is widely applied in the current manufacturing industry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention with the outer cover removed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane and a material adding and reducing module in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another view angle of the gantry crane and the material adding and reducing module in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front view of a gantry crane and a material adding and reducing module (with parts removed) in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the gantry crane and the material adding and reducing module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention (with parts removed).

Fig. 7 is a front view (with parts removed) of a gantry crane beam and its driving mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive module and a driving mechanism thereof in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a ground material cutting module and a driving mechanism thereof in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a ground material module in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a grinding stock removal block (grinding wheel column removed) in example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive module in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a fixed base and a composite workbench in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a fixing base in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of an upper base and a sixth driving mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of an upper base in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a lower base in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a plan view of the lower base in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 19.

Fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of a composite table and a driving mechanism thereof in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a schematic structural view (another view) of the composite table and its driving mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a plan view of the composite table and its driving mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic rod in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Figure 25 is a schematic view of the connection of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve of the telescopic rod in the embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 26 is a schematic structural view of a lower table in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural view of an upper table in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of typical parts of the device of embodiment 1 of the present invention, which can be processed at one time.

Fig. 29 is a schematic structural view (with the cover removed) of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane and a material adding and reducing module in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 31 is a schematic structural diagram (another view) of a gantry crane and a material adding and reducing module in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 32 is a front view of a gantry crane and a material adding and reducing module in embodiment 2 of the present invention (with parts removed).

FIG. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of a typical part of the device of example 2 of the present invention, which can be processed at one time.

The reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. a fixed base; 101. an inner base; 1011. an X-direction strip-shaped hole; 1012. a Y-direction strip-shaped hole; 102. a lower base plate; 103. an upper base; 1031. a roller support; 1032. an internal gear; 1033. an upper cover; 104. a lower base; 1041. an inner boss; 1042. an outer flange; 10421. a sliding track; 105. a sliding roller; 2. a housing; 3. a sixth drive mechanism; 301. a sixth drive gear; 302. a sixth drive motor; 4. a gantry crane; 41. a gantry crane beam; 411. a first cross member; 412. a second cross member; 42. a gantry crane upright post; 43. a connecting ring; 5. an upper working table; 501. an upper flat plate; 5011. a plate through hole; 502. a lower slide block; 6. a lower working table; 601. a lower flat plate; 6011. a guide groove; 6012. a limiting block; 602. a connecting plate; 6021. a vertical plate; 6022. a transverse plate; 60221. a limiting hole; 7. an additive module; 71. a laser head; 72. feeding a filament head; 73. laser joint; 74. a material increase slide block; 75. laser upright post; 8. grinding and cutting the material module; 81. a small grinding wheel; 82. a grinding wheel column; 821. a wedge-shaped groove; 84. a column joint; 85. a grinding wheel motor; 86. a grinding wheel swing shaft; 87. a grinding wheel swing column; 88. a bevel gear; 89. a material reducing slide block; 10. a telescopic rod; 1001. an outer sleeve; 1002. an inner sleeve; 1003. an inner guide rod; 11. a telescopic baffle; 111. a middle baffle; 112. an end baffle; 12. the telescopic rod fixing block; 15. a first drive mechanism; 151. a first servo motor; 152. a Y-direction ball screw; 17. a second drive mechanism; 171. a second servo motor; 172. an X-direction ball screw; 23. a wire feeding module; 231. a large wire feeding roller; 232. a large roller support; 26. a material fixing mechanism; 261. a small roller; 262. a small roller support; 31. a third drive mechanism; 311. a third drive motor; 312. a third support seat; 313. a third ball screw; 32. a fourth drive mechanism; 321. a fourth drive motor; 322. a fourth supporting seat; 323. a fourth ball screw; 50. a fifth drive mechanism; 5001. a fifth drive motor; 5002. a Z-direction ball screw; 5003. a lead screw connector; 5004. a ball screw supporting seat; 100. supporting a positioning block; 70. laser subtracts material module.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 27, the multi-station synchronous machining device for material increase and decrease of a spatial thin-wall part comprises a fixed base 1, a gantry crane 4, a material increase module 7, a grinding material decrease module 8 and a composite workbench; the fixed base 1 comprises an inner base 101, an upper base 103 and a lower base 104, wherein the inner base 101 and the upper base 103 are positioned on the lower base 104, and the upper base 103 is sleeved outside the inner base 101; a sixth driving mechanism 3 is arranged in the fixed base 1, the upper base 103 rotates relative to the inner base 101 under the driving of the sixth driving mechanism 3, the gantry crane upright column 42 is fixed on the upper base 103, and the composite workbench is arranged at the inner base 101; the composite workbench comprises an upper workbench 5 and a lower workbench 6, the lower workbench 6 is connected below the upper workbench 5, a first driving mechanism 15 and a second driving mechanism 17 are arranged in the inner base 101, and the upper workbench 5 and the lower workbench 6 horizontally move under the driving of the first driving mechanism 15 and the second driving mechanism 17 respectively; the gantry crane 4 comprises a gantry crane beam 41 and a gantry crane upright post 42, the gantry crane beam 41 is positioned above the workbench, the gantry crane beam 41 comprises a first beam 411 and a second beam 412, the second beam 412 is symmetrically arranged relative to the first beam 411, one end of the second beam 412 is connected to the side wall of the first beam 411, and the gantry crane upright post 42 is arranged at two ends of the first beam 411 and the other end of the second beam 412; a fourth driving mechanism 32 and a third driving mechanism 31 are respectively arranged in the first cross beam 411 and the second cross beam 412, the fourth driving mechanism 32 and the third driving mechanism 31 are respectively used for driving the grinding material reduction module 8 and the material increase module 7 to synchronously and horizontally move, and the material increase module 7 and the grinding material reduction module 8 respectively perform material increase processing and material reduction processing on parts on the composite workbench.

According to the invention, the horizontal movement of the upper workbench 5 and the lower workbench 6 is adopted, the sixth driving mechanism 3 drives the upper base 103 to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to rotate, the third driving mechanism 31 and the fourth driving mechanism 32 respectively drive the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to horizontally move, and the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are rotated to any direction of a workpiece, so that the requirement of multi-direction machining of complex parts is met, and various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces, especially space thin-wall parts can be machined.

The grinding material reducing module 8 and the additive material module 7 are detachably connected with a fourth driving mechanism 32 and a third driving mechanism 31 respectively.

As shown in fig. 8, the third driving mechanism 31 includes a third driving motor 311, a third support seat 312 and a third ball screw 313, the third driving motor 311 is used for driving the third ball screw 313 to rotate, and the third support seat 312 is supported at two ends of the third support seat 312.

As shown in fig. 9, the fourth driving mechanism 32 includes a fourth driving motor 321, a fourth supporting seat 322, and a fourth ball screw 323, the fourth driving motor 321 is used for driving the fourth ball screw 323 to rotate, and the fourth supporting seat 322 is supported at two ends of the fourth supporting seat 322.

As shown in fig. 2-7, a wire feeding module 23 is disposed above the gantry crane beam 41, the wire feeding module 23 includes a large wire feeding roller 231 and a large roller support 232, the large wire feeding roller 231 is disposed above the second beam 412, the large roller support 232 is disposed between the two second beams 412, one end of the large wire feeding roller 231 is connected to the gantry crane column 42, and the other end is connected to the large roller support 232.

A connecting ring 43 is connected between the outer ends of the first cross member 411 and the second cross member 412, and the connecting ring 43 is used for further fixing the first cross member 411 and the second cross member 412 and connecting the two cross members into a whole.

In this embodiment, the first cross beam 411 and the second cross beam 412 are in a cross ring shape, so that the possibility of multiple stations is provided, the number of the additive modules 7 and the number of the grinding and subtractive modules 8 can be adjusted (four stations can be provided in this embodiment), the machining efficiency is further improved, and the connecting ring 43 is annularly connected between the outer ends of the cross gantry crane beams 41, so that the rotational rigidity is ensured, and the safety and the stability of the gantry crane 4 are ensured.

As shown in fig. 12, the additive module 7 includes a laser head 71 and a wire feeding head 72, the wire feeding head 72 feeds the raw material to a position below the laser head 71 for melting, a laser emission direction of the laser head 71 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the compound workbench and forms an included angle α with a wire feeding direction of the wire feeding head 72, and α is greater than 0 and less than 90 °.

As shown in fig. 8 and 12, a material fixing mechanism 26 is disposed above the feeding port of the wire feeding head 72, the material fixing mechanism 26 includes a small roller support 262 and two small rollers 261, and the two small rollers 261 are supported on the small roller support 262 for positioning the raw material wires. And a round groove with the size equivalent to that of the wire is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261 of the sizing mechanism 26, so that the accuracy is enhanced.

As shown in fig. 12, the additive module 7 includes a laser head 71, a wire feeding head 72, a laser joint 73, an additive slider 74, and a laser upright 75, the additive slider 74 is connected and matched with the third ball screw 313, the laser joint 73 is connected between the additive slider 74 and the laser upright 75, and the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 are located below the laser upright 75. In this embodiment, the additive slider 74 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with a thread, the third ball screw 313 is sleeved with the thread, and the additive slider 74 penetrates through the second beam 412 from the third ball screw 313 to be connected with the laser joint 73.

As shown in fig. 12, a certain included angle α is formed between a laser emission direction of the laser head 71 (the laser emission direction is perpendicular to the upper surface of the compound workbench) and a wire feeding direction of the wire feeding head 72, and the included angle α between the laser emission direction and the wire feeding direction is 45 ° (in other embodiments, α is greater than 0 and less than 90 ° can achieve the same or similar technical effects). A small roller 261 is arranged on the wire feeding head 72, a round groove equivalent to wires is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261, accuracy is enhanced, and wire feeding holes for raw wires to pass through are formed in the upper portion of the wire feeding head 72 below the two small rollers 261.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the grinding material reducing module 8 includes a small grinding wheel 81, a grinding wheel upright 82, an upright joint 84, a grinding wheel swing shaft 86, a grinding wheel swing column 87, two bevel gears 88 and a material reducing slide block 89 which are meshed with each other for transmission, the material reducing slide block 89 is connected with a fourth ball screw 323, the upper end of the upright joint 84 is connected with the material reducing slide block 89, the lower end of the upright joint 84 is connected with the grinding wheel upright 82, a grinding wheel motor 85 is coaxial with one of the bevel gears 88, the other bevel gear 88 is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel upright 82 through the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 which is transversely arranged, the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 is vertically connected with the grinding wheel swing column 87, and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column 87 is connected with the small grinding wheel 81, so that the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 is driven to realize the swing of the small grinding wheel 81, thereby enhancing the milling precision of the curved surface to meet the angle of the side surface of the workpiece for grinding processing. In this embodiment, the material reducing slider 89 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads, the fourth ball screw 323 is sleeved with the material reducing slider 89, and the material reducing slider 89 passes through the first cross beam 411 from the fourth ball screw 323 to be connected with the column joint 84. The bottom of the grinding wheel column 82 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove 821, which not only ensures the rotation of the small grinding wheel 81, but also plays a certain sealing role.

The laser upright column 75 and the grinding wheel upright column 82 are in modular design, and are convenient to install, maintain and replace. In the invention, the distance between the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing module 8 is firstly adjusted on the beam, and then the gantry is driven to rotate by the rotation of the gantry, thereby realizing synchronous processing.

As shown in fig. 13 to 27, the second driving mechanism 17 includes a second servo motor 171 fixed on the lower portion of the inner base 101 and at least one X-direction ball screw 172, the lower table 6 includes a lower plate 601 and a plurality of connecting plates 602 located below the lower plate 601, the inner base 101 is provided with an X-direction bar-shaped hole 1011 for the connecting plate 602 to pass through, the lower portion of the connecting plate 602 is connected with the X-direction ball screw 172, at least one X-direction ball screw 172 is driven by the second servo motor 171, and the X-direction ball screw 172 on the lower portion of the connecting plate 602 is arranged in a staggered manner with the X-direction bar-shaped hole 1011 corresponding to the connecting plate 602; the upper workbench 5 comprises an upper flat plate 501 and a lower sliding block 502 positioned below the upper flat plate 501, a guide groove 6011 is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate 601, and the lower sliding block 502 is in sliding fit with the guide groove 6011. The upper table 5 and the lower table 6 form a multi-axial compound transmission motion form through the sliding fit of the lower slide block 502 and the guide groove 6011.

As shown in fig. 18 to 20, the lower base 104 includes an inner boss 1041 and an outer boss 1042 arranged at an interval with the inner boss 1041, a space between the outer boss 1042 and the inner boss 1041 is a receiving space, the height of the inner boss 1041 is lower than that of the outer boss 1042, and a sliding rail 10421 is arranged on the inner sidewall of the outer boss 1042. In this embodiment, the upper base 103 is annular, an internal gear 1032 is disposed on the inner side of the bottom of the upper base 103, the internal gear 1032 and the sixth driving mechanism 3 are located in the accommodating space, the sixth driving mechanism 3 includes a sixth driving motor 302 and a sixth driving gear 301 connected to an output end of the sixth driving motor 302, the sixth driving gear 301 is driven by the sixth driving motor 302, and the sixth driving gear 301 and the internal gear 1032 are in meshing transmission, so as to realize the rotation motion of the upper base 103 relative to the lower base 104.

A roller support 1031 is disposed on the outer side wall of the upper base 103, the roller support 1031 is used for supporting the sliding roller 105, the sliding roller 105 slides on the sliding rail 10421, an upper cover 1033 is disposed on the upper portion of the upper base 103, the upper cover 1033 is disposed on the outer flange 1042, and separates the sliding roller 105 and the sliding rail 10421 from the outside, so as to prevent the wear debris from entering the sliding rail 10421.

As shown in fig. 15, the fixing base 1 further includes a lower plate 102, the lower plate 102 is located between the inner base 101 and the inner boss 1041, on one hand, separates and seals the mechanism of the sixth driving mechanism 3 and the like in the accommodating space from the mechanism of the second servo motor 171 and the like at the lower part of the inner base 101, and on the other hand, provides support for the inner base 101.

According to the invention, parts such as the second servo motor 171 and the X-direction ball screw 172 are arranged at the lower part of the inner base 101 in a moving manner, so that the mass is concentrated under the inner base 101, the gravity center of the whole device of the device is lowered, the moving load of a workbench is reduced, and the effects of high efficiency and energy saving are realized while the stability of the device is improved; the independent single-axial movement of the composite double-layer workbench is adopted to realize the positioning of the workpiece at any point in the working plane, the current situation of single-degree-of-freedom movement of the traditional working platform is broken through, and the design of a driving system of a processing module is simplified; furthermore, the X-direction ball screw 172 and the X-direction strip-shaped hole 1011 corresponding to the connecting plate 602 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that even if grinding chips fall into the X-direction strip-shaped hole 1011 during grinding, the grinding chips fall down along with the X-direction strip-shaped hole 1011, the movement of the X-direction ball screw 172 for transmission is not influenced, and the service life of the transmission part is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 26, in the present embodiment, the connecting plate 602 includes a horizontal plate 6022 and a vertical plate 6021, one end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to the lower plate 601, the other end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to one end of the horizontal plate 6022, the other end of the horizontal plate 6022 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 172, and the second servo motor 171 is connected to one end of one of the X-direction ball screws 172 and drives the X-direction ball screw 172 to rotate, so as to drive the horizontal plate 6022 to move in the X direction. The horizontal plate 6022 has a stopper hole 60221 formed on the side thereof closer to the X-direction ball screw 172, and the stopper hole 60221 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 172 in a concave-convex fit. In this embodiment, there is a common X-direction ball screw 172, the X-direction ball screw 172 located in the middle is connected to the second servo motor 171 and driven by the second servo motor 171, and serves as a driving member, and the X-direction screw screws located on both sides serve as driven members, and play a certain supporting role. In this embodiment, the output end of the second servomotor 171 directly drives the X-direction ball screw 172. In other embodiments, the output end of the second servo motor 171 is connected with a gear, and the end of the X-direction ball screw 172 is provided with a gear, so that transmission is realized through the cooperation of the gear and the gear.

The X-direction ball screw 172 is fixed below the inner base 101 by a support/positioning block 100. In this embodiment, the supporting and positioning block 100 is made of rubber material.

The lower working table 6 further includes a limiting block 6012, and the limiting block 6012 is installed at one end of the guide groove 6011 and is used to block the movement of the lower slider 502. In this embodiment, the guide groove 6011 is a dovetail groove, the lower slider 502 is a dovetail slider, and the dovetail groove and the dovetail slider are connected to help the guide positioning and the supporting, and the limiting block 6012 is a rubber block.

The device also comprises a telescopic rod 10 and a telescopic rod fixing block 12, wherein the telescopic rod fixing block 12 is oppositely arranged at two sides of the inner base 101, and the upper workbench 5 is connected with the upper part of the telescopic rod fixing block 12 through the telescopic rod 10; the first driving mechanism 15 comprises a first servo motor 151 and a Y-direction ball screw 152, a Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012 for the telescopic rod fixing block 12 to pass through is formed in the inner base 101, the first servo motor 151 and the Y-direction ball screw 152 are fixed in the inner base 101, the first servo motor 151 is used for driving the Y-direction ball screw 152 to rotate, the Y-direction ball screw 152 is connected with the lower portion of the telescopic rod fixing block 12 and drives the telescopic rod fixing block 12 to move along the Y direction, the Y-direction ball screw 152 and the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012 are arranged in a staggered mode, even if grinding dust falls into the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012, the grinding dust falls down along with the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012, the movement of the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012 for transmission cannot be influenced, and the service life of the transmission part is prolonged. In this embodiment, the output end of the first servo motor 151 is connected to a bevel gear, the end of the Y-direction ball screw 152 is connected to a bevel gear, and the two bevel gears are in meshing transmission.

The Y-direction ball screw 152 is disposed under the inner base 101 to extend the stroke, and the nut is slidably coupled to the cross plate 6022. X is to strip hole 1011, Y to strip hole 1012 to clamp through two rubbers and realize sealed relatively, between last workstation 5 and telescopic link fixed block 12, is equipped with telescopic baffle 11 in interior base 101, and telescopic link 10 passes telescopic baffle 11 from last workstation 5 and is connected with telescopic link fixed block 12. The retractable baffle 11 comprises a middle baffle 111 and two end baffles 112 sleeved outside the middle baffle 111, in this embodiment, the end baffles 112 are hollow, the retractable rod 10 penetrates through the middle baffle 111, so that the retractable rod 10 can also seal the middle baffle 111 while driving the middle baffle 111 to move, and abrasive dust is prevented from falling into the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012.

As shown in fig. 24 and 25, the telescopic rod 10 includes an inner guide rod 1003, a plurality of outer sleeves 1001 and an inner sleeve 1002, the outer sleeves 1001 and the inner sleeve 1002 are both sleeved outside the inner guide rod 1003 and symmetrically arranged along the upper workbench 5, the inner guide rod 1003 passes through the upper workbench 5 and is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, one end of the outer sleeve 1001 is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, the other end is sleeved outside or inside the inner sleeve 1002 and is in sliding fit with the inner sleeve 1002, and the other end of the inner sleeve 1002 is connected with one side of the upper workbench 5. In this embodiment, the inner sleeve 1002 and the outer sleeve 1001 of the telescopic rod 10 are both hollow to realize sleeve joint, and the outer sleeve 1001 and the inner sleeve 1002 are installed outside the inner guide rod 1003 of the telescopic rod 10 to realize totally-enclosed lubrication of a complex transmission system, so that the inner guide rod 1003 coated with lubricating oil is isolated from the external working environment, and infiltration and accumulation of abrasive dust are prevented. On one hand, the abrasive dust is prevented from being accumulated in a transmission system, the transmission system is prevented from being worn, and the service life of the transmission system is prolonged; on the other hand, the equipment transmission and the machining precision are improved, and integrated machining is realized.

As shown in fig. 27, in this embodiment, two sides of the upper plate 501 are provided with plate through holes 5011 through which the telescopic rod 10 passes.

The lower table 6 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 172 by a second servo motor 171 below the fixed base 1 for transmission, and drives the upper table 5 to move along the X-axis direction. The upper table 5 and the lower table 6 are fixed relative to each other in the X-axis direction. The upper workbench 5 and the lower workbench 6 are matched and fixed with the dovetail slide block through two dovetail grooves, the upper workbench 5 is driven by a telescopic rod 10 in the X-axis direction to realize the motion in the Y-axis direction, and the dovetail grooves of the lower workbench 6 play a role in guiding. The telescopic rod 10 driving the upper working table 5 is fixed on the telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 on both sides, and is respectively located on both sides of the moving section of the lower working table 6, and the telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 are driven by a first servo motor 151 and a Y-direction ball screw 152 below the fixed base 1. The upper workbench 5 is used for fixing a workpiece, and the workpiece moves in the X, Y axial direction in the plane of the base through the transmission mechanism, so that the workpiece can be positioned at any position in the plane of the processing area.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the device includes a fifth driving mechanism 50 installed in the gantry crane column 42, the fifth driving mechanism 50 includes a fifth driving motor 5001, a plurality of Z-direction ball screws 5002, and a screw connection member 5003, wherein one Z-direction ball screw 5002 is driven by the fifth driving motor 5001 to rotate, one end of the screw connection member 5003 is fixedly connected to the gantry crane beam 41, the other end of the screw connection member 5003 is sleeved with the Z-direction ball screw 5002 and driven by the Z-direction ball screw 5002 to move in the Z-direction, and ball screw supporting seats 5004 for fixing the Z-direction ball screw 5002 in the gantry crane column 42 are provided at two ends of the Z-direction ball screw 5002. The movement of the gantry crane beam 41 in the Z-axis direction is controlled by a fifth driving motor 5001 in the gantry crane column 42. The gantry crane beam 41 drives the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move up and down in the Z-axis direction under the fixing and driving action of the screw rod connecting pieces 5003 on the two sides. In this embodiment, the fifth driving mechanism 50 is located at the upper half of the gantry crane column 42, and the fifth driving motor 5001 is a servo motor and drives two Z-direction ball screws 5002 respectively. An upright column inner hole is formed in the upper half part of the upright column 42 of the gantry crane, the fifth driving mechanism 50 is located in the upright column inner hole, a front groove for the lead screw connecting piece 5003 to pass through is formed in one side, close to the cross beam 41 of the gantry crane, of the upright column 42 of the gantry crane, and the front groove is communicated with the upright column inner hole. The inner hole of the upright post is divided into two parts by a horizontally arranged partition plate, one part accommodates the fifth driving motor 5001, and the other part accommodates other important parts of the fifth driving mechanism 50. In other embodiments, the output end of the fifth driving motor 5001 is connected to a gear, and one end of the Z-direction ball screw 5002 is also provided with a gear, and the gears are in fit transmission.

As shown in fig. 1, the device further comprises a housing 2, wherein the housing 2 is fixed on the fixed base 1 and separates the upper workbench 5, the lower workbench 6, the grinding material reducing module 8 and the material increasing module 7 from the outside. In this embodiment, unable adjustment base 1 top cover is equipped with dustcoat 2, has seted up on dustcoat 2 and has put the thing mouth (not shown in the figure), puts and installs the thing door of putting that can close and open the thing mouth on putting the thing mouth. In this embodiment, dustcoat 2 is the translucent cover, is convenient for observe the behavior of core unit, and on the other hand, dustcoat 2 is used for sealed protection core unit, and operational environment and external environment in isolated equipment improve processingquality and operating personnel security.

The outer cover 2 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet for vacuumizing or introducing protective gas into the outer cover 2. In this embodiment, the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively and oppositely disposed on the sidewall of the housing 2 and respectively disposed near the upper portion and the lower portion of the housing 2. Generally, inert gas or protective gas such as carbon dioxide is heavier than air, an air inlet is arranged at the lower part, an air outlet is arranged at the upper part, slow air inlet is kept during the processing, and the inside of the outer cover 2 is in a negative high-pressure state.

In the present invention, the longitudinal direction of the X-direction ball screw 172 is defined as the X-direction, the longitudinal direction of the Y-direction ball screw 152 is defined as the Y-direction, and the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the compound table is defined as the Z-direction (i.e., the longitudinal direction of the gantry crane column 42).

The invention discloses a processing method of a space thin-wall part material-increasing and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device, which comprises the following steps of:

placing a workpiece on a composite workbench, starting a material increase module 7 to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module 7, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module 8 to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the composite workbench, the material increase module 7 and the grinding material reduction module 8, moving the material increase module 7 upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the composite workbench, the additive module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 comprises the following modes:

mode A: opening a sixth driving mechanism 3 to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to rotate;

mode B: starting a third driving mechanism 31 to drive the additive module 7 to move horizontally;

mode C: starting a fourth driving mechanism 32 to drive the grinding material reduction module 8 to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a first driving mechanism 15 to drive the upper workbench 5 to move horizontally;

mode E: starting a second driving mechanism 17 to drive the lower workbench 6 to move horizontally;

the material reducing processing specifically comprises: and rotating the small grinding wheel 81 of the grinding material cutting module 8 until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side surface of the workpiece to grind the side surface of the workpiece.

The concrete steps of moving the additive module 7 upwards are as follows: and opening a fifth driving mechanism 50 in the gantry crane upright post 42 to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to move upwards.

The parts which can be processed at one time in the invention comprise space thin-wall parts with complex curved surfaces or base parts with complex shapes, and can also be processed into complex curved surface revolving bodies with variable or multi-axis centers, and the typical part structure schematic diagram is shown in fig. 28, fig. 28(a) is the structure schematic diagram of the parts, fig. 28(b) is the top view of the parts, and fig. 28(c) is the section view of the parts.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 29 to 32, the multi-station synchronous machining apparatus for increasing and decreasing material of a thin-walled space component according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

in the embodiment, the laser material reducing module 70 is arranged below the end part of the gantry crane beam 41 close to the gantry crane column 42, and the laser material reducing module 70 is used for reducing the material of the side surface of the workpiece.

The laser material reducing module 70 is arranged at the end part of the gantry crane beam 41 (comprising the first beam 411 and the second beam 412) and comprises a material reducing laser head and a material reducing support piece, one end of the material reducing support piece is connected to the gantry crane beam 41, the other end of the material reducing support piece is connected with the material reducing laser head, the material reducing laser head can rotate on a YZ plane (the invention refers to a vertical plane, and the plane where the gantry crane beam 41 and the gantry crane upright post 42 are located) relative to the material reducing support piece, the angle between the laser emission direction of the material reducing laser head and the horizontal direction is in a range of-90 degrees, and the material reducing module can perform laser material reducing on the part where the grinding material reducing module 8 cannot grind, especially when the outer surface of a target product is provided with a groove with a downward opening and the material reducing needs to be performed on the surface of the groove.

When the outer surface of the target product is provided with a groove or a side hole with a downward opening and the surface of the groove needs to be subjected to material reduction, the laser emission direction of the material reduction laser head is adjusted, and the material reduction laser head is opened to emit laser to perform laser material reduction processing on the side surface of the workpiece.

Fig. 33 shows a typical part, fig. 33(a) is a schematic view of a main structure of the part, fig. 33(b) is a front view of the part, fig. 33(b) is a plan view of the part, and fig. 33(d) is a side view of the part.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a space thin wall spare part material increase and decrease multistation synchronous processing device which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed base (1), a gantry crane (4), a material increasing module (7), a grinding material reducing module (8) and a composite workbench;

the gantry crane (4) comprises a gantry crane beam (41) and gantry crane columns (42), the gantry crane beam (41) is located above the compound workbench, the gantry crane beam (41) comprises a first beam (411) and a second beam (412), the second beam (412) is symmetrically arranged relative to the first beam (411), one end of the second beam (412) is connected to the side wall of the first beam (411), and the gantry crane columns (42) are arranged at two ends of the first beam (411) and the other end of the second beam (412); a fifth driving mechanism (50) is arranged in the gantry crane upright post (42), and the fifth driving mechanism (50) is used for driving the gantry crane beam (41) to move up and down;

the fixed base (1) comprises an inner base (101), an upper base (103) and a lower base (104), the inner base (101) and the upper base (103) are positioned on the lower base (104), and the upper base (103) is sleeved outside the inner base (101);

a sixth driving mechanism (3) is arranged in the fixed base (1), the upper base (103) rotates relative to the inner base (101) under the driving of the sixth driving mechanism (3), the gantry crane upright column (42) is fixed on the upper base (103), and the composite workbench is arranged at the inner base (101);

the composite workbench comprises an upper workbench (5) and a lower workbench (6), the lower workbench (6) is connected below the upper workbench (5), a first driving mechanism (15) and a second driving mechanism (17) are arranged in the inner base (101), and the upper workbench (5) and the lower workbench (6) horizontally move under the driving of the first driving mechanism (15) and the second driving mechanism (17) respectively;

be equipped with fourth actuating mechanism (32), third actuating mechanism (31) in first crossbeam (411), second crossbeam (412) respectively, fourth actuating mechanism (32), third actuating mechanism (31) are used for the drive respectively to grind and cut down material module (8), vibration material disk module (7) horizontal migration, vibration material disk module (7), grinding vibration material disk module (8) carry out vibration material disk and subtract material disk to the part on the composite working platform respectively.

2. The material-increasing and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device for the space thin-wall parts according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the laser material reducing module (70) is arranged below the end part of one side, close to the gantry crane upright post (42), of the gantry crane beam (41), and the laser material reducing module (70) is used for reducing the material of the side face of a workpiece.

3. The material-increasing and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device for the space thin-wall parts according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the grinding material reducing module (8) comprises a grinding wheel upright post (82), a small grinding wheel (81) which is positioned outside the grinding wheel upright post (82) and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, a grinding wheel motor (85), a grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and a grinding wheel swing column (87) which are positioned in the grinding wheel upright post (82), wherein the grinding wheel motor (85) drives the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) horizontally arranged to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel (81) to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column (87) are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and the small grinding wheel (81).

4. The material-increasing and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device for the space thin-wall parts according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the grinding material cutting module (8) further comprises two conical gears (88) which are in meshed transmission with each other, one conical gear (88) is fixed on the grinding wheel swinging shaft (86), and the grinding wheel motor (85) drives one conical gear (88) to rotate to drive the grinding wheel swinging shaft (86) to rotate; the bottom of the grinding wheel upright post (82) is provided with a wedge-shaped groove (821).

5. The material-increasing and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device for the space thin-wall parts according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the vibration material disk module (7) includes laser head (71), send a first (72) of silk to send the raw materials to laser head (71) below and melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to combined working platform upper surface of laser head (71) just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a silk of sending a first (72), satisfies 0 < alpha < 90 degrees.

6. The space thin-wall part material-adding and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: second actuating mechanism (17) are including being fixed in second servo motor (171) and at least one X of interior base (101) lower part to ball (172), lower workstation (6) are dull and stereotyped (601) and are located a plurality of connecting plates (602) of dull and stereotyped (601) below down including down, interior base (101) are equipped with and supply X that connecting plate (602) passed to bar hole (1011), the lower part and the X of connecting plate (602) are connected to ball (172), at least one X is driven by second servo motor (171) to ball (172), X of connecting plate (602) lower part is to ball (172) and the corresponding X of connecting plate (602) to bar hole (1011) dislocation set.

7. The space thin-wall part material-adding and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the lower base (104) comprises an inner boss (1041) and an outer flange (1042) arranged at an interval with the inner boss (1041), a space between the outer flange (1042) and the inner boss (1041) is an accommodating space, an inner gear (1032) is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the upper base (103), the inner gear (1032) and a sixth driving mechanism (3) are located in the accommodating space, the sixth driving mechanism (3) comprises a sixth driving motor (302) and a sixth driving gear (301) connected to the output end of the sixth driving motor (302), and the sixth driving gear (301) and the inner gear (1032) are in meshing transmission.

8. The space thin-wall part material-adding and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the device further comprises a telescopic rod (10) and a telescopic rod fixing block (12), wherein the telescopic rod fixing block (12) is oppositely arranged on two sides of the inner base (101), and the upper workbench (5) is connected with the upper part of the telescopic rod fixing block (12) through the telescopic rod (10);

first actuating mechanism (15) include first servo motor (151) and Y to ball (152), set up Y that supplies telescopic link fixed block (12) to pass to bar hole (1012) in base (101), first servo motor (151) Y is fixed in base (101) to ball (152), first servo motor (151) are used for driving Y and rotate to ball (152), Y is to ball (152) and telescopic link fixed block (12) sub-unit connection and drive telescopic link fixed block (12) along Y to removing, Y is to ball (152) and Y to bar hole (1012) dislocation set.

9. The material-increasing and material-reducing multi-station synchronous processing device for the space thin-wall parts according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the device still includes telescopic baffle (11), telescopic baffle (11) are located between workstation (5) and telescopic link fixed block (12) and are located interior base (101), telescopic baffle (11) include middle part baffle (111) and cover locate middle part baffle (111) outer both ends baffle (112), telescopic link (10) pass middle part baffle (111) and are connected with telescopic link fixed block (12).

10. A machining method of the space thin-walled component material-increasing and material-reducing multi-station synchronous machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a composite workbench, starting a material increase module (7) to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module (7), melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module (8) to synchronously reduce the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the composite workbench, the material increase module (7) and the grinding material reduction module (8), moving the material increase module (7) upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the change of the relative positions of the workpiece on the composite workbench, the additive module (7) and the grinding and material reducing module (8) comprises the following modes:

mode A: opening a sixth driving mechanism (3) to drive a gantry crane beam (41) to rotate;

mode B: starting a third driving mechanism (31) to drive the additive module (7) to move horizontally;

mode C: starting a fourth driving mechanism (32) to drive the grinding material cutting module (8) to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a first driving mechanism (15) to drive the upper workbench (5) to horizontally move;

mode E: starting a second driving mechanism (17) to drive the lower workbench (6) to horizontally move;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating a small grinding wheel (81) of the grinding material cutting module (8) until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece;

the concrete steps of moving the additive module (7) upwards are as follows: and opening a fifth driving mechanism (50) in the gantry crane upright post (42) to drive the gantry crane beam (41) to move upwards.