CN114454055A

CN114454055A - Method and device for synchronously machining space revolving body at material increasing and decreasing positions

Info

Publication number: CN114454055A
Application number: CN202110745063.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖罡; 杨钦文; 仪传明; 戴璐祎; 李时春; 刘旭飞
Original assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2021-06-30
Publication date: 2022-05-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for synchronously processing a space revolving body at material increasing and reducing double stations, which comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a gantry crane, a workbench, an electric hydraulic push rod, a material increasing module, a grinding material reducing module and the like; the working table is arranged above the fixed base at intervals; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench are respectively and correspondingly provided with a first upright post; the gantry crane beam can move up and down relative to the gantry crane column; each end part of the workbench can move up and down relative to the first upright post to enable the workbench to incline; a linkage beam which can rotate relative to the gantry crane beam is arranged below the gantry crane beam, and the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module synchronously and horizontally move relative to the linkage beam. The invention has the advantages of compact structure and the like.

Description

Method and device for synchronously machining space revolving body at material increasing and decreasing positions

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of desktop type laser processing equipment, in particular to a method and a device for synchronously processing a space revolving body at material adding and reducing double stations.

Background

In traditional laser processing equipment, carry out increase material processing earlier, subtract material processing again, increase and decrease material processing can not accomplish simultaneously, need go up unloading operation and relocation again, though there is partial increase and decrease material equipment complex at present, but there is the interference problem between each station, leads to increase and decrease material equipment complex to have certain limitation.

With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry in China, the customization demand of novel mechanical equipment is increasing day by day, and the structural integration and structural complexity degree of various parts are continuously improved. Meanwhile, in the aspect of processing high-performance complex parts, various requirements such as customization, high precision, high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, integration and integration are correspondingly provided. This provides a wide development platform and technical improvement space for the material increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing technology.

In order to further improve the processing precision and the surface quality of the additive forming part, a grinding processing link is required to be arranged in the material reducing process of the additive/material reducing composite manufacturing equipment. Moreover, a large amount of abrasive dust is generated during grinding, and under the condition that the sealing performance of the transmission system is insufficient, key transmission components such as a ball screw and a guide rod of the equipment are easy to accumulate abrasive dust and are seriously worn (at the moment, the abrasive dust acts as abrasive particles), so that the subsequent working precision of the equipment and the service life of the transmission system of the equipment are seriously influenced.

The existing desktop type increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing equipment lacks the consideration of protecting the inert gas in the laser material increasing process. At present, a large proportion of high-performance complex parts are all made of metal materials, and the metal materials have relatively high requirements on oxidation resistance of a specific gas environment in the process of laser additive rapid forming. Therefore, when the workpiece raw material is made of a metal material, the metal material is easily oxidized due to the lack of the protection of inert gas in the laser material increasing process, so that the forming quality of the metal material is influenced, and the method is narrow in application range and not suitable for processing the metal material. In addition, when the material is ground and cut, the splashed metal material may cause a safety hazard to an operator. The additive processing equipment of the existing additive/subtractive composite manufacturing equipment is only used for forming and manufacturing a specific or appointed material, and the consideration of composite material parts is lacked. In particular to the material reducing processing link, which is really developed comprehensively in diversity and diversification. Generally, the material reducing part is only used for cutting (mainly milling) one surface in the material forming process. For part of complex parts, the parts need to be further ground after material increasing/reducing processing, but the material reducing function is not complete, so that the flexibility of the material reducing processing is lower under special working conditions. In summary, the existing material increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing technology and equipment design still have many defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method and a device for synchronously machining a space revolving body at material increasing and reducing double stations.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a device for synchronously processing a space revolving body at material adding and reducing double stations comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a gantry crane, a workbench, an electric hydraulic push rod, a material adding module, a grinding material reducing module, a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism, a third driving mechanism and a fourth driving mechanism; the gantry crane comprises gantry crane columns, gantry crane beams are positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beams, the gantry crane columns and the first column are mounted on the fixed base, and the workbench is arranged above the fixed base at intervals; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench are respectively provided with the first upright posts; the first driving mechanism is positioned in the gantry crane upright post and is used for driving the gantry crane beam to move up and down; the second driving mechanism is positioned in the first upright column and is used for driving the end part of the workbench to move up and down, the second driving mechanism is connected with the end part of the workbench through an electric hydraulic push rod, and the different end parts of the workbench do not move up or down with unequal displacement, so that the workbench inclines; a linkage beam is arranged below the gantry crane beam, a fourth driving mechanism is arranged in the gantry crane beam, the linkage beam rotates relative to the gantry crane beam under the driving of the fourth driving mechanism, and the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module are arranged below the linkage beam; and the third driving mechanism is positioned in the linkage beam and is used for driving the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the linkage beam, and the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module are used for respectively performing material increasing processing and material reducing processing on parts on the workbench.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the device further comprises a ball pin seat, one end of the electric hydraulic push rod is connected with one end of the workbench, a ball pin is arranged at the other end of the electric hydraulic push rod, the ball pin is connected with one end of the ball pin seat in a matched mode, and the other end of the ball pin seat is connected with the second driving mechanism in a matched mode.

At least two ends of the workbench are provided with extension rods, and the extension rods are connected with the push rod ends of the electric hydraulic push rods in a matched mode.

The second driving mechanism comprises a second motor, a second supporting seat, a second ball screw and a second screw connecting piece, the second ball screw is vertically arranged, the second motor is used for driving the second ball screw to rotate, the second supporting seat is supported at two ends of the second ball screw, the second screw connecting piece is sleeved outside the second ball screw, and the second screw connecting piece extends to the outside of the first stand from the inside of the first stand and is connected with the ball pin seat.

The third driving mechanism comprises a third motor, a third supporting seat, a third ball screw and a coupler, the third ball screws with opposite rotating directions are horizontally arranged and are connected through the coupler, the third motor is used for driving the third ball screw to rotate, the third supporting seat is supported at the end part of the third ball screw, and the material adding module and the material grinding and reducing module are respectively sleeved outside the two third ball screws.

The gantry crane beam comprises a beam shell, the beam shell is provided with a rotating cavity penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the beam shell, and the bottom of the rotating cavity is horizontally provided with a suspension fixing ring in the circumferential direction;

the fourth driving mechanism comprises a disc bevel gear, a driving bevel gear, a suspension frame, a rolling bearing and a fourth driving motor, the suspension frame is placed on the suspension fixing ring, the outer wall of the suspension frame is connected with the inner wall of the rotating cavity in a matched mode through the rolling bearing, the disc bevel gear is fixed on the suspension frame and matched with the driving bevel gear, the fourth driving motor drives the driving bevel gear to rotate to drive the suspension frame to rotate, and the linkage beam is fixed on the lower portion of the suspension frame.

The suspension bracket comprises a suspension supporting part, wherein an upper supporting circular table part and a lower supporting circular table part are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the suspension supporting part, the linkage cross beam is fixed at the bottom of the lower supporting circular table part, an inner hole sleeve of the disc bevel gear is arranged outside the upper supporting circular table part and fixed, the suspension supporting part is placed on a suspension fixing ring, and the outer wall of the suspension supporting part is matched with the inner wall of a rotating cavity through a rolling bearing, so that the rotation of the suspension bracket is realized.

The grinding material reducing module comprises a grinding wheel upright post, a small grinding wheel, a grinding wheel motor, a grinding wheel swing shaft and a grinding wheel swing post, wherein the small grinding wheel is located outside the grinding wheel upright post and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, the grinding wheel motor, the grinding wheel swing shaft and the grinding wheel swing post are located in the grinding wheel upright post, the grinding wheel motor drives the horizontally arranged grinding wheel swing shaft to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing post are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft and the small grinding wheel.

The vibration material disk piece includes the laser head, send a first to send the raw materials to the laser head below to melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to workstation upper surface of laser head just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a first, satisfies 0 < alpha < 90.

The grinding material cutting module further comprises two conical gears which are in meshed transmission with each other, one of the conical gears is fixed on the grinding wheel swinging shaft, and the grinding wheel motor drives one of the conical gears to rotate so as to drive the grinding wheel swinging shaft to rotate.

The bottom of the grinding wheel upright post is provided with a wedge-shaped groove.

And two ends of the grinding wheel swinging shaft are fixed on the inner side wall of the grinding wheel upright post.

The grinding wheel upright column side wall is provided with a storage opening convenient to maintain and a storage door, and the storage door is used for opening and closing the storage opening.

As a general inventive concept, the present invention further provides a machining method of the device for synchronously machining a space revolving body with material increase and decrease double stations, which comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench, starting a material increase module to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench, the material increase module and the grinding material reduction module, moving the material increase module upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench, the material adding module and the material reducing module by grinding comprise the following modes:

mode A: starting a second driving mechanism to drive the workbench to incline;

mode B: starting a third driving mechanism to drive the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module to synchronously and horizontally move;

mode C: starting a fourth driving mechanism to drive the linkage beam to rotate;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating a small grinding wheel of the grinding material reducing module until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece;

the specific steps of moving the additive module upwards comprise: and opening a first driving mechanism in the vertical column of the gantry crane to drive the beam of the gantry crane to move upwards.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module are integrated by the linkage beam, the linkage beam rotates to drive the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module to rotate, the workbench tilts, the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module rotate to any position of a workpiece, the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module synchronously and horizontally move, and therefore the requirement of multi-direction machining of complex parts is met, various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces can be machined, particularly space revolving body parts with curved central shafts, the rotation of a small grinding wheel is achieved by swinging of a grinding wheel shaft of the grinding material reducing module, the side walls of the parts at any angle can be attached under the rotation of the grinding material reducing module, the constraint of the complex structure parts on the traditional grinding process is relieved, and the production flexibility of equipment is further improved.

2. The invention designs the air-tight protective cover (namely the outer cover) with proper size performance, pays attention to the integral air tightness and protection performance of the equipment, ensures the integral air tightness of the device while completely not influencing the stability of a transmission system, is suitable for forming and processing various material parts capable of being processed by laser additive materials including metal materials, has extremely strong work adaptability aiming at diversified processing objects, and greatly expands the working service range of the equipment. The outer cover is isolated from the external environment, and can form a protective gas environment in a negative pressure state, so that the safety of operators is protected while the high-temperature oxidation of materials is prevented.

3. This device is for once installation increase and decrease material synchronous processing, compares with traditional multistation substep installation processing mode, and this equipment has saved dismantlement many times and installation work piece to and steps such as artifical transport work piece, greatly shortened operating time, improved work efficiency, reduced time cost and cost of labor.

4. The device adopts a desktop design, has a small integral structure and limited occupied space, can save a large amount of position space in work, and simultaneously has higher portability and flexibility, thereby realizing greater popularization in production.

5. During the operation of the device, the working moving path of each processing part is shorter, so that the whole processing flow is shortened, the production period of the workpiece is further shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Under the processing advantages of short flow and short period, the energy consumed by the equipment for producing a single part is synchronously reduced along with the reduction of the production period, so that the energy consumption period in the part production process is correspondingly shortened, and the requirements of low energy consumption and low emission are indirectly met.

6. The material increasing module and the material reducing module are modularized devices, so that the device is simple and convenient to replace and maintain. The device combines a paraxial wire feeding laser melting additive manufacturing technology (the additive module is provided with a wire feeding head and a laser head, and the wire feeding head and the laser head are provided with included angles) with a grinding wheel grinding technology (a small grinding wheel for grinding the additive module and the like), has high production flexibility, and has extremely high conformity with a mixed flow assembly line which is widely applied in the current manufacturing industry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the device with the cover removed according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane, an additive material module and a grinding material reducing module.

Fig. 4 is an exploded and exploded schematic view of the inside of a gantry crane beam.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the additive module, the grinding subtractive module, and the structure within the gantry beam (with the beam cover and gear guard removed).

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the hanger.

Fig. 8 is a top view of the hanger.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a gantry crane beam (beam cover removed).

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a linkage beam and an additive material module and a grinding and material reducing module.

Fig. 12 is a schematic connection diagram of a third driving mechanism and an additive material module and a grinding and material reducing module.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the ground material module.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the grinding stock removal module (grinding wheel post removed).

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive module.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the first drive mechanism.

Fig. 17 is a structural diagram of the position of the first driving mechanism in the upright post of the gantry crane.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the first column and the table.

Fig. 19 is a front view of the installation of the first upright and the table (with parts removed).

Fig. 20 is a plan view of the first column and the table when they are mounted.

Fig. 21 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of the table.

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the electro-hydraulic push rod and the second lead screw connection.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a typical part capable of being processed at one time according to the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a schematic structural view of another exemplary part capable of being processed at one time according to the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a fixed base; 2. a housing; 3. a first upright post; 4. a gantry crane; 41. a gantry crane beam; 411. a beam cover; 412. a beam housing; 4121. a rotating chamber; 4122. a fixed cavity; 4123. hanging a fixed ring; 42. a gantry crane upright post; 5. a work table; 51. an extension rod; 6. an electric hydraulic push rod; 61. a ball stud; 7. an additive module; 71. a laser head; 72. feeding a filament head; 73. laser joint; 74. a material increase slide block; 75. laser upright post; 8. grinding and cutting the material module; 81. a small grinding wheel; 82. a grinding wheel column; 821. a wedge-shaped groove; 84. a column joint; 85. a grinding wheel motor; 86. a grinding wheel swing shaft; 87. a grinding wheel swing column; 88. a bevel gear; 89. a material reducing slide block; 9. a linkage beam; 11. a first drive mechanism; 111. a first motor; 112. a first support base; 113. a first ball screw; 114. a first lead screw connection; 12. a second drive mechanism; 121. a second motor; 122. a second support seat; 123. a second ball screw; 124. a second lead screw connector; 13. a third drive mechanism; 131. a third motor; 132. a third support seat; 133. a third ball screw; 134. a coupling; 26. a material fixing mechanism; 261. a small roller; 262. a small roller support; 21. a gear guard; 22. a fourth drive mechanism; 221. a disc bevel gear; 222. a driving bevel gear; 223. a fourth drive motor; 224. a suspension bracket; 2241. a suspension support; 2242. an upper support circular table portion; 2243. a lower support circular table portion; 22431. a beam groove; 225. a rolling bearing; 23. a wire feeding module; 231. a large wire feeding roller; 232. a large roller support; 24. a ball pin seat.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 23, the device for synchronously machining a space revolving body at two stations of material increase and decrease of the embodiment includes a fixed base 1, a first upright column 3, a gantry crane 4, a workbench 5, an electric hydraulic push rod 6, a material increasing module 7, a material grinding and reducing module 8, a first driving mechanism 11, a second driving mechanism 12, a third driving mechanism 13 and a fourth driving mechanism 22; the gantry crane 4 comprises gantry crane columns 42, gantry crane beams 41 are positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beams 41, the gantry crane columns 42 and the first column 3 are arranged on the fixed base 1, and the workbench 5 is arranged above the fixed base 1 at intervals; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench 5 are respectively provided with a first upright post 3; the first driving mechanism 11 is positioned in the gantry crane upright post 42 and is used for driving the gantry crane beam 41 to move up and down; the second driving mechanism 12 is positioned in the first upright post 3 and is used for driving the end part of the workbench 5 to move up and down, the second driving mechanism 12 is connected with the end part of the workbench 5 through an electric hydraulic push rod 6, and the displacement of different end parts of the workbench 5 moving upwards or downwards is unequal, so that the workbench 5 inclines; a linkage beam 9 is arranged below the gantry crane beam 41, a fourth driving mechanism 22 is arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, the linkage beam 9 rotates relative to the gantry crane beam 41 under the driving of the fourth driving mechanism 22, and the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 are arranged below the linkage beam 9; and the third driving mechanism 13 is positioned in the linkage cross beam 9 and is used for driving the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the linkage cross beam 9, and the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on parts on the workbench 5.

In the invention, the end part of the working table 5 is driven to move upwards or downwards by the second driving mechanism 12 in the first upright post 3, the second driving mechanism 12 respectively controls the displacement of different end parts of the working table 5, and when the displacements are unequal, the working table 5 tilts.

According to the invention, the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 are integrated by the linkage beam 9, the workbench 5 moves obliquely, the linkage beam 9 drives the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 to rotate, the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 are rotated to any position of a workpiece, and the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 synchronously move horizontally, so that the requirement of multi-direction processing of complex parts is met, various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces can be processed, and especially space parts with curved central shafts and unequal heights can be processed. The material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 on the linkage cross beam 9 can move along the linkage cross beam 9, so that the degree of freedom of the working module is greatly widened, and the production flexibility of the whole equipment is improved.

As shown in fig. 3-6, the gantry crane beam 41 includes a beam housing 412, the beam housing 412 is provided with a rotating cavity 4121 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the beam housing 412 and a fixing cavity 4122 communicated with the rotating cavity 4121, and a suspension fixing ring 4123 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the rotating cavity 4121 in the circumferential direction; the fourth driving mechanism 22 comprises a disc bevel gear 221, a driving bevel gear 222, a suspension frame 224 and a rolling bearing 225 which are positioned in the rotating cavity 4121, and a fourth driving motor 223 which is positioned in the fixing cavity 4122, the suspension frame 224 is placed on the suspension fixing ring 4123, the outer wall of the suspension frame 224 is in fit connection with the inner wall of the rotating cavity 4121 through the rolling bearing 225, the disc bevel gear 221 is fixed on the suspension frame 224 and is matched with the driving bevel gear 222, the fourth driving motor 223 drives the driving bevel gear 222 to rotate to drive the suspension frame 224 to rotate, and the linkage beam 9 is fixed at the lower part of the suspension frame 224. In this embodiment, the gantry crane beam 41 further includes a beam cover 411, and the beam cover 411 is covered on the beam housing 412 to seal the rotating cavity 4121 and the fixing cavity 4122.

As shown in fig. 7-9, the suspension frame 224 includes a suspension support 2241, an upper support circular platform part 2242 and a lower support circular platform part 2243 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the suspension support 2241, the linkage cross beam 9 is fixed at the bottom of the lower support circular platform part 2243, an inner hole of the disc bevel gear 221 is sleeved outside the upper support circular platform part 2242 and is fixed, the suspension support 2241 is placed on the suspension fixing ring 4123, the outer wall of the suspension support 2241 is matched with the inner wall of the rotating cavity 4121 through the rolling bearing 225, the rotation of the suspension frame 224 is realized, and the sliding friction is reduced. The lower supporting circular table part 2243 is provided with a beam groove 22431 for placing the fixed linkage beam 9, and disassembly and maintenance are convenient.

As shown in fig. 4-6, the rotating chamber 4121 is further provided with a wire feeding module 23, the wire feeding module 23 includes a large wire feeding roller 231 and a large roller support 232, and the large roller support 232 is located at two ends of the large wire feeding roller 231 and fixed on the web of the disc bevel gear 221. The wire feeding module 23 is used for storing the wire of the processing material and synchronously feeding the wire during work. In this embodiment, the wire feeding large rollers 231 are symmetrically arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, so that the wire feeding is ensured not to be wound when the disc bevel gear 221 is rotated, and the centrifugal force can be mutually offset. In this embodiment, a through hole is formed in the suspension bracket 224, and the wire feeding module 23 feeds the wire to the through hole and reaches the additive module 7 for additive processing.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a gear protection cover 21 is further disposed in the rotation chamber 4121, the gear protection cover 21 is disposed between the wire feeding module 23 and the gear portion of the disc bevel gear 221 to isolate the wire feeding module 23 from the gear portion of the disc bevel gear 221, and the gear protection cover 21 has a lower end disposed on the web of the disc bevel gear 221 and an upper end abutting against the cross-beam cover 411 to stabilize the disc bevel gear 221.

As shown in fig. 10, the rotating cavity 4121 is located in the middle of the gantry crane beam 41 and is disc-shaped, the fourth driving motor 223 on one side of the gantry crane beam 41 drives the disc bevel gear 221 in the rotating cavity 4121 of the gantry crane beam 41 to rotate, the suspension bracket 224 is connected with the inner wall of the rotating cavity 4121 by the rolling bearing 225, and the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 below the suspension bracket 224 rotate around the Z axis relative to the gantry crane beam 41.

As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the first driving mechanism 11 includes a first motor 111, a first supporting base 112, a first ball screw 113, and a first screw connecting member 114, the first ball screw 113 is vertically disposed, the first motor 111 is used for driving the first ball screw 113 to rotate, the first supporting base 112 is supported at an end of the first ball screw 113, the first screw connecting member 114 is sleeved outside the first ball screw 113, and the first screw connecting member 114 extends from inside of the gantry crane column 42 to outside of the gantry crane column 42 and is connected with an end of the gantry crane beam 41.

The movement of the gantry beam 41 in the Z-axis direction is controlled by a first ball screw 113 in the gantry column 42. The gantry crane beam 41 drives the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move up and down in the vertical direction under the fixing and driving action of the first lead screw connectors 114 on the two sides. In this embodiment, the first driving mechanism 11 is located at the upper half of the gantry crane upright 42, and the first motor 111 is a servo motor and drives two first ball screws 113 respectively. The upper half part of a gantry crane upright post 42 is provided with an upright post inner hole, the first driving mechanism 11 is positioned in the upright post inner hole, one side of the gantry crane upright post 42 close to a gantry crane beam 41 is provided with a front groove for a first screw rod connecting piece 114 to pass through, the front groove is communicated with the upright post inner hole, and the front groove and the first ball screw rod 113 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that abrasive dust is prevented from directly entering the front groove to influence transmission of the first driving mechanism 11. The inner hole of the upright post is divided into two parts by a horizontally arranged partition plate, one part accommodates the first motor 111, and the other part accommodates other important parts of the first driving mechanism 11.

As shown in fig. 12, the third driving mechanism 13 includes a third motor 131, a third support seat 132, a third ball screw 133 and a coupler 134, the two third ball screws 133 with opposite rotation directions are horizontally arranged and connected through the coupler 134, the third motor 131 is used for driving the third ball screw 133 to rotate, the third support seat 132 is supported at an end of the third ball screw 133, and the two third ball screws 133 are respectively connected with the material adding module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8.

In other embodiments, the additive module 7 and the grinding and subtractive module 8 share the same third drive mechanism 13 of the same gantry beam 41. When the third motor 131 is activated, the additive module 7 and the subtractive grinding module 8 move closer to or further away from each other, and move towards or towards each other as a whole. Each third driving mechanism 13 includes a third ball screw 133, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively assembled on the third ball screws 133 with opposite rotation directions, the third ball screw 133 includes two horizontal screws and an elastic coupling for connecting the two horizontal screws, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively mounted on the two horizontal screws through third screw nuts, and the rotation directions of the two third screw nuts are opposite (the rotation directions of the third screw nuts are the same as those of the respective horizontal screws). The third motor 131 drives one of the horizontal lead screws to rotate, and transmits torque to the other horizontal lead screw through an elastic coupling. When the third motor 131 rotates forward, the two third screw nuts on the horizontal screw gradually approach to each other; when the third motor 131 rotates reversely, the two horizontal screw nuts on the horizontal screw gradually move away. The gantry crane beam 41 is connected with the horizontal lead screw through the third motor 131 in a transmission manner, and two third lead screw nuts which are in reverse fit are controlled to move in opposite directions, so that the linkage effect of the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 is realized.

In other embodiments, two third motors 131 are used to drive the additive material module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 on the same linkage beam 9, the third ball screws 133 of the two third driving mechanisms 13 have opposite rotating directions and do not have couplings 134, and the movement of the additive material module 7 or the grinding material reducing module 8 in the horizontal direction is controlled by the third motors 131 in the linkage beam 9. Two groups of third driving mechanisms 13 are arranged in one linkage beam 9 and used for controlling the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively, and compared with the method that the same third driving mechanisms 13 are adopted to drive the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 simultaneously, the two groups of third driving mechanisms 13 reduce the bearing capacity of each third ball screw 133 and enhance the positioning accuracy and stability in the process of working.

As shown in fig. 15, the additive module 7 includes a laser head 71 and a wire feeding head 72, the wire feeding head 72 feeds the raw material to a position below the laser head 71 for melting, a laser emission direction of the laser head 71 is perpendicular to an upper surface of the worktable 5 and forms an included angle α with a wire feeding direction of the wire feeding head 72, and the included angle α satisfies 0 < α < 90 °.

Additive module 7 also includes laser joint 73, additive slider 74 and laser stand 75, and additive slider 74 is connected the cooperation with third ball 133, and laser joint 73 is connected between additive slider 74 and laser stand 75, and laser head 71, wire feed head 72 are located laser stand 75 below. In this embodiment, the additive slider 74 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with a thread, the additive slider 74 is directly sleeved on the third ball screw 133, and the additive slider 74 passes through the gantry crane beam 41 from the third ball screw 133 to be connected with the laser joint 73.

As shown in FIG. 15, a material fixing mechanism 26 is disposed above the feeding port of the wire feeding head 72, the material fixing mechanism 26 includes a small roller bracket 262 and two small rollers 261, and the two small rollers 261 are supported on the small roller bracket 262 for positioning the raw material wires. And a round groove with the size equivalent to that of the wire is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261 of the sizing mechanism 26, so that the accuracy is enhanced.

When the laser emitter emits laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of a workpiece, the wire feeding module 23 synchronously feeds wires, and materials are fed into the molten pool, so that the processing efficiency is improved, and the synchronous wire feeding during material increase processing is realized. A small roller 261 is arranged on the wire feeding head 72, a round groove equivalent to wires is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261, accuracy is enhanced, and wire feeding holes for raw wires to pass through are formed in the upper portion of the wire feeding head 72 below the two small rollers 261.

According to the invention, through the tilting motion of the workbench 5, the synchronous horizontal motion of the material adding module 7 and the material reducing module 8, the rotation motion of the linkage beam 9 and the reasonable matching of the angle alpha adjustment of the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 in the material adding module 7, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 only need to perform short-distance horizontal movement on the gantry crane beam 41 (the two modules can perform synchronous linkage and also can perform respective independent motion, and the relative motion mode is very flexible), and the real-time synchronous processing of two material adding and material reducing stations (the two stations keep the distance of a half revolving body rotation period, and do not need additional station adjustment) of a complex structural part can be effectively realized. The synchronous processing mode can flexibly and efficiently finish high-precision material reduction processing of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of a complex structural member, strictly controls the height of the mass center of the whole equipment to improve the stability under the reasonable motion matching and transmission arrangement design of independent control of multiple degrees of freedom, basically realizes gapless fusion of two stations, saves a large amount of working hours and energy consumption required by station conversion, further shortens the processing flow and the production period, and highlights the advantages of short flow and near-net forming of the synchronous composite processing method of multi-station integration.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the grinding material reducing module includes a grinding wheel column 82, a small grinding wheel 81 located outside the grinding wheel column 82 and used for milling or grinding the side surface of the workpiece, and a grinding wheel motor 85, a grinding wheel swing shaft 86 and a grinding wheel swing column 87 located inside the grinding wheel column 82, wherein the grinding wheel motor 85 drives the horizontally arranged grinding wheel swing shaft 86 to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel 81 to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column 87 are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 and the small grinding wheel 81.

The grinding material reducing module 8 further comprises a stand column joint 84, two conical gears 88 and a material reducing sliding block 89 which are in meshed transmission with each other, the material reducing sliding block 89 is connected with a third ball screw 133, the upper end of the stand column joint 84 is connected with the material reducing sliding block 89, the lower end of the stand column joint 84 is connected with the grinding wheel stand column 82, the grinding wheel motor 85 is coaxial with one conical gear 88, the other conical gear 88 is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel stand column 82 through a transversely arranged grinding wheel swinging shaft 86, the grinding wheel swinging shaft 86 is vertically connected with the grinding wheel swinging column 87, and the lower end of the grinding wheel swinging column 87 is connected with the small grinding wheel 81.

Subtract material slider 89 and be equipped with the through-hole, the through-hole inner wall is equipped with the screw thread, directly overlaps and establish outside third ball 133, subtracts material slider 89 and passes portal crane crossbeam 41 and be connected with stand joint 84 from third ball 133. The bottom of the grinding wheel column 82 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove 821, which not only ensures the rotation of the small grinding wheel 81, but also plays a certain sealing role.

The laser upright column 75 and the grinding wheel upright column 82 are in modular design, and are convenient to install, maintain and replace.

As shown in fig. 18 to 23, the device further includes a ball pin seat 24, one end of the electric hydraulic push rod 6 is connected with one end of the workbench 5, the other end is provided with a ball pin 61, the ball pin 61 is connected with one end of the ball pin seat 24 in a matching manner, and the other end of the ball pin seat 24 is connected with the second driving mechanism 12.

As shown in fig. 22, at least two ends of the table 5 are provided with extension rods 51, and the extension rods 51 are connected with the rod ends of the electro-hydraulic push rods 6 in a matching manner. In this embodiment, contain four first stands 3, all be equipped with the second actuating mechanism 12 that is used for driving four tip of workstation 5 respectively in each first stand 3, the second actuating mechanism 12 is independent drive respectively and corresponds workstation 5 extension rod 51, through the removal of different extension rods 51 in the different distances in the direction of height, makes workstation 5 slope different angles, and extension rod 51 is cylindricly, is convenient for cooperate with the push rod of electronic hydraulic push rod 6. In other embodiments, the worktable 5 may be provided with different numbers of the extension rods 51 to achieve different inclination angles according to the complexity of the parts.

As shown in fig. 19, the second driving mechanism 12 includes a second motor 121, a second support seat 122, a second ball screw 123 and a second screw connecting member 124, the second ball screw 123 is vertically disposed, the second motor 121 is used for driving the second ball screw 123 to rotate, the second support seat 122 is supported at two ends of the second ball screw 123, the second screw connecting member 124 is sleeved outside the second ball screw 123, and the second screw connecting member 124 extends from the inside of the first upright 3 to the outside of the first upright 3 and is connected to the ball pin seat 24.

In this embodiment, a column front groove is formed in one side of the first column 3 close to the workbench 5, the column front groove is used for the second screw rod connecting piece 124 to pass through, the column front groove is communicated with the inner hole of the first column 3, and the column front groove and the second ball screw 123 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the transmission of the second driving mechanism 12 is prevented from being influenced by the abrasive dust.

In this embodiment, a ball pin 61 is disposed at a side of the fixed end of the electro-hydraulic push rod 6 close to the second screw rod connecting member 124, the ball pin 61 is matched with the ball pin seat 24, and the second screw rod connecting member 124 is connected with the ball pin seat 24 at the fixed end of the electro-hydraulic push rod 6.

When a revolving body part, particularly a bent pipe revolving body part is manufactured, after the second driving mechanism 12 is driven to incline the workbench 5, the actual revolving central axis line can deviate from the preset central axis, the workbench 5 is pushed by the electric hydraulic push rod 6, and the position of the workbench 5 is finely adjusted, so that the actual central axis line is superposed with the preset central axis line.

As shown in fig. 1, the device further comprises a housing 2, wherein the housing 2 is fixed on the fixed base 1 and separates the grinding material reduction module 8 and the material increase module 7 of the workbench 5 from the outside. In this embodiment, unable adjustment base 1 top cover is equipped with dustcoat 2, has seted up on dustcoat 2 and has put the thing mouth (not shown in the figure), puts and installs the thing door of putting that can close and open the thing mouth on putting the thing mouth. In this embodiment, dustcoat 2 is the translucent cover, is convenient for observe the behavior of core unit, and on the other hand, dustcoat 2 is used for sealed protection core unit, and operational environment and external environment in isolated equipment improve processingquality and operating personnel security.

The outer cover 2 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet for vacuumizing or introducing protective gas into the outer cover 2. In this embodiment, the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively and oppositely disposed on the sidewall of the housing 2 and respectively disposed near the upper portion and the lower portion of the housing 2. Generally, inert gas or protective gas such as carbon dioxide is heavier than air, an air inlet is arranged at the lower part, an air outlet is arranged at the upper part, slow air inlet is kept during the processing, and the inside of the outer cover 2 is in a negative high-pressure state.

The machining method of the device for synchronously machining the space revolving body at the material adding and reducing double stations in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:

placing a workpiece on a workbench 5, starting a material increase module 7 to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module 7, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module 8 to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench 5, the material increase module 7 and the grinding material reduction module 8, moving the material increase module 7 upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench 5 and the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 comprise the following modes:

mode A: the second driving mechanism 12 is started to drive the workbench 5 to incline;

mode B: starting a third driving mechanism 13 to drive the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 to synchronously and horizontally move;

mode C: the fourth driving mechanism 22 is started to drive the linkage beam 9 to rotate;

the material reducing processing specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel 81 of the grinding material cutting module 8 until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side surface of the workpiece to grind the side surface of the workpiece;

the specific steps of moving additive module 7 upward include: and opening a first driving mechanism 11 in the gantry crane upright post 42 to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to move upwards.

The invention can process space revolving body components with central axes of curve space revolving body parts or even multi-axial crankshaft central axes at one time, wherein a typical part structure diagram is shown in fig. 24, wherein fig. 24(a) is the typical part structure diagram, fig. 24(b) is the side view of the typical part, another typical part structure diagram is shown in fig. 25, fig. 25(a) is the another typical part structure diagram, fig. 25(b) is the front view of the part, and fig. 25(c) is the top view of the part.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a device of synchronous processing space solid of revolution of increase and decrease material duplex position which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed base (1), a first upright post (3), a gantry crane (4), a workbench (5), an electric hydraulic push rod (6), an additive module (7), a grinding and material reducing module (8), a first driving mechanism (11), a second driving mechanism (12), a third driving mechanism (13) and a fourth driving mechanism (22);

the gantry crane (4) comprises gantry crane uprights (42) with gantry crane beams (41) positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beams (41), the gantry crane uprights (42) and the first upright (3) are mounted on the fixed base (1), and the workbench (5) is arranged above the fixed base (1) at intervals;

the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench (5) are respectively provided with the first upright posts (3);

the first driving mechanism (11) is positioned in a gantry crane upright post (42) and is used for driving a gantry crane beam (41) to move up and down; the second driving mechanism (12) is positioned in the first upright post (3) and is used for driving the end part of the workbench (5) to move up and down, the second driving mechanism (12) is connected with the end part of the workbench (5) through an electric hydraulic push rod (6), and the upward or downward movement displacement of different end parts of the workbench (5) is unequal, so that the workbench (5) is inclined;

a linkage cross beam (9) is arranged below the gantry crane cross beam (41), a fourth driving mechanism (22) is arranged in the gantry crane cross beam (41), the linkage cross beam (9) is driven by the fourth driving mechanism (22) to rotate relative to the gantry crane cross beam (41), and the material increasing module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) are arranged below the linkage cross beam (9);

and the third driving mechanism (13) is positioned in the linkage cross beam (9) and is used for driving the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the linkage cross beam (9), and the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on parts on the workbench (5).

2. The material-increasing and material-reducing double-station synchronous machining space revolving body device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device further comprises a ball pin seat (24), one end of the electric hydraulic push rod (6) is connected with one end of the workbench (5), the other end of the electric hydraulic push rod is provided with a ball pin (61), the ball pin (61) is connected with one end of the ball pin seat (24) in a matched mode, and the other end of the ball pin seat (24) is connected with the second driving mechanism (12).

3. The material-increasing and material-reducing double-station synchronous machining space revolving body device according to claim 2, characterized in that: at least two ends of the workbench (5) are provided with extension rods (51), and the extension rods (51) are connected with the electric hydraulic push rod (6) in a matched mode.

4. The material-increasing and material-reducing double-station synchronous machining space revolving body device according to claim 2, characterized in that: second actuating mechanism (12) include second motor (121), second supporting seat (122), second ball (123) and second screw connecting piece (124), second ball (123) vertical setting, second motor (121) are used for driving second ball (123) rotatory, second supporting seat (122) support at second ball (123) both ends, second screw connecting piece (124) cover is established outside second ball (123), second screw connecting piece (124) extend to outside first stand (3) and are connected with ball round pin seat (24) in first stand (3).

5. The material-adding and material-reducing double-station synchronous machining space revolving body device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: third actuating mechanism (13) include third motor (131), third supporting seat (132), third ball (133) and shaft coupling (134), and two opposite third ball (133) levels of direction of rotation set up and connect through shaft coupling (134), third motor (131) are used for driving third ball (133) and rotate, third supporting seat (132) support is in third ball (133) tip, material increase module (7) and grinding subtract material module (8) and overlap respectively and establish outside two third ball (133).

6. The material-adding and material-reducing double-station synchronous machining space revolving body device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the gantry crane beam (41) comprises a beam shell (412), the beam shell (412) is provided with a rotating cavity (4121) penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the beam shell (412), and the bottom of the rotating cavity (4121) is circumferentially and horizontally provided with a suspension fixing ring (4123);

the fourth driving mechanism (22) comprises a disc bevel gear (221), a driving bevel gear (222), a suspension bracket (224), a rolling bearing (225) and a fourth driving motor (223), the suspension bracket (224) is placed on a suspension fixing ring (4123), the outer wall of the suspension bracket (224) is connected with the inner wall of a rotating cavity (4121) in a matched mode through the rolling bearing (225), the disc bevel gear (221) is fixed on the suspension bracket (224) and matched with the driving bevel gear (222), the fourth driving motor (223) drives the driving bevel gear (222) to rotate to drive the suspension bracket (224) to rotate, and the linkage beam (9) is fixed to the lower portion of the suspension bracket (224).

7. The material-increasing and material-reducing double-station synchronous machining space revolving body device according to claim 6, characterized in that: hanger (224) includes suspension support portion (2241) upper and lower surface is equipped with support circular base portion (2242) and lower support circular base portion (2243) respectively on suspension support portion (2241), linkage crossbeam (9) are fixed in lower support circular base portion (2243) bottom, the interior pot head of disc bevel gear (221) is located support circular base portion (2242) and outside and fixed, suspension support portion (2241) is placed on hanging solid fixed ring (4123), suspension support portion (2241) outer wall passes through antifriction bearing (225) and rotatory chamber (4121) inner wall cooperation, has realized the rotation of hanger (224).

8. The material-adding and material-reducing double-station synchronous machining space revolving body device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the grinding material reducing module comprises a grinding wheel upright post (82), a small grinding wheel (81) which is positioned outside the grinding wheel upright post (82) and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, a grinding wheel motor (85) which is positioned inside the grinding wheel upright post (82), a grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and a grinding wheel swing post (87), wherein the grinding wheel motor (85) drives the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) which is horizontally arranged to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel (81) to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing post (87) are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and the small grinding wheel (81).

9. The material-adding and material-reducing double-station synchronous machining space revolving body device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the vibration material disk module (7) includes laser head (71), send a head (72) to send raw materials to laser head (71) below and melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to workstation (5) upper surface of laser head (71) just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a silk of sending a head (72), satisfies 0 < alpha < 90.

10. A machining method of the device for synchronously machining the space revolving body with the increased and decreased material positions according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench (5), starting a material increase module (7) to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module (7), melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module (8) to synchronously reduce the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (5), the material increase module (7) and the grinding material reduction module (8), moving the material increase module (7) upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (5), the additive module (7) and the grinding and material reducing module (8) comprise the following modes:

mode A: starting a second driving mechanism (12) to drive the workbench (5) to incline;

mode B: starting a third driving mechanism (13) to drive the material increasing module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) to synchronously and horizontally move;

mode C: a fourth driving mechanism (22) is started to drive the linkage beam (9) to rotate;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating a small grinding wheel (81) of the grinding material cutting module (8) until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece;

the specific step of moving the additive module (7) upwards comprises: a first driving mechanism (11) in a gantry crane upright post (42) is started to drive a gantry crane beam (41) to move upwards.