CN114453902A

CN114453902A - Near-net forming method and device for multi-axis and axis-variable part

Info

Publication number: CN114453902A
Application number: CN202110742117.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖罡; 仪传明; 杨钦文; 李时春; 戴璐祎; 詹海鸿
Original assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2021-06-30
Publication date: 2022-05-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a near-net forming device of a multi-axis and axis variable component, which comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a gantry crane, a composite moving platform, a workbench, a rotating beam, a linkage beam, a laser material reducing module and the like; the rotating beam moves horizontally relative to the gantry crane beam; the linkage beam rotates relative to the rotating beam; the material adding module and the grinding material reducing module synchronously and horizontally move relative to the linkage beam; a gantry crane beam moves up and down relative to a gantry crane upright post; but compound moving platform horizontal migration for the unable adjustment base, the workstation is provided with first stand in two at least tip outsides, and first stand is fixed on compound moving platform, and the workstation is the tilting motion relative to first stand. The invention has the advantages of compact structure and the like.

Description

Near-net forming method and device for multi-axis and axis-variable part

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of desktop type laser material increasing/decreasing processing equipment, in particular to a near-net forming method and device for a multi-axis and axis variable part.

Background

With the near-net development of the economic system in China, the usage amount of the revolving body type parts serving as an important foundation for the development of the mechanical industry (from daily life to aviation, aerospace, navigation and national defense industries) is gradually increased year by year. From the perspective of specific processing techniques and methods: the method has the advantages that the machining precision of the thinning material is high, but the energy consumption, the time consumption and the material consumption degree are also high, and the yield is low when the thin-wall part is machined; secondly, the efficiency of material processing is high, the energy consumption is low, the loss of raw materials is low, but the blank preparation process is complex, the design and manufacturing cost of the die is high, and the small-batch customized service requirement of a special structure is difficult to meet; the material increase manufacturing technology can meet a large number of special requirements of part machining, efficient forming of complex structures can be completed, and the problems of machining precision and machining surface quality are still difficult to solve. Therefore, the material increasing/reducing composite manufacturing technology is developed to meet the comprehensive requirements of high efficiency, high precision, low loss, low cost, high flexibility and the like in the forming process of the complex revolving body component.

The existing desktop type material increasing/reducing composite manufacturing equipment is often divided into two independent links by material increasing and material reducing processing. Although the clamping frequency of parts can be reduced, the processing flow can be shortened, and the processing precision and efficiency can be improved, the problem of interference between two processing procedures of material increase and material reduction is avoided to a certain extent. However, this causes the overall size of the equipment to be too large, a higher proportion of the total energy consumption and the total time consumption of the machining is lost in the reciprocating conversion link of the stations, and it is also difficult to realize the precise machining of the inner wall of the component with a large axial size and the surfaces of the inner and outer walls of the complex component with a non-linear change characteristic of the radius of the revolving body.

In the material increasing/reducing composite machining process, the workbench can only realize translation or rotation movement, and the operation is complex when machining the special revolving body parts with variable diameters, and the machining efficiency is low. On the other hand, a large amount of fine chips are generated at the time of cutting or grinding. If the complex transmission system comprising the multi-station composite manufacturing equipment is not subjected to targeted sealing design, a large amount of scraps are easy to adsorb, accumulate and block the meshing parts among transmission parts along with lubricating oil, so that severe abrasion is caused, the transmission and machining precision is reduced, the service life of key precision parts and equipment is shortened, the maintenance cost is increased, and even seizure of a working platform occurs in severe cases.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a near-net forming method and device for multi-axis and axis variable parts, the device has the advantages of compact structure, moderate size, convenient movement, various and flexible processing modes, reasonable layout, realization of mutual noninterference of material increasing/reducing multi-station synchronous processing, and full consideration of the reliability and safety problems of the whole operation process of a transmission system and the whole material increasing/reducing processing process.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a near-net forming device of a multi-axis and axis variable component comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a gantry crane, a material adding module, a composite moving platform, a laser material reducing module, a grinding material reducing module, a workbench, a first connecting piece, a linkage beam and a rotating beam; the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane beam and gantry crane columns, and the gantry crane columns are positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam and fixed on the fixed base; a first driving mechanism for driving the gantry crane beam to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright post; the composite moving platform comprises an upper moving platform and a lower moving platform, a second driving mechanism and a third driving mechanism are arranged in the fixed base, the lower moving platform is connected below the upper moving platform and can horizontally move relative to the fixed base under the driving of the third driving mechanism, the upper moving platform can horizontally move relative to the fixed base under the driving of the second driving mechanism, and the horizontal moving directions of the upper moving platform and the lower moving platform are mutually vertical; a seventh driving mechanism is arranged in the gantry crane beam, and the rotating beam horizontally moves relative to the gantry crane beam under the driving of the seventh driving mechanism; the linkage cross beam is arranged below the rotating cross beam, a fourth driving mechanism is arranged in the rotating cross beam, and the fourth driving mechanism is used for driving the linkage cross beam to rotate relative to the rotating cross beam; the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module are arranged below the linkage cross beam, a sixth driving mechanism is arranged in the linkage cross beam and used for driving the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the linkage cross beam, and the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on workpieces on the workbench; the laser material reducing module is connected below a gantry crane beam and used for reducing the material of the side surface of a workpiece on the workbench; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench are provided with the first upright posts which are fixed on the upper moving table; the first upright post is internally provided with a fifth driving mechanism for driving the end part of the workbench to move up and down, the fifth driving mechanism is connected with the end part of the workbench through a first connecting piece, and the different end parts of the workbench move up or down with unequal displacement, so that the workbench inclines.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the fixed base comprises an upper base, the third driving mechanism is positioned in the upper base and comprises a third driving motor and an X-direction ball screw; the lower moving table comprises a lower flat plate and a plurality of connecting plates positioned below the lower flat plate, the upper base is provided with strip-shaped holes for the connecting plates to pass through, the lower parts of the connecting plates are connected with X-direction ball screws, one of the X-direction ball screws is driven by a third driving motor, and the X-direction ball screws at the lower parts of the connecting plates and the strip-shaped holes corresponding to the connecting plates are arranged in a staggered mode;

the upper moving platform comprises an upper flat plate and a lower sliding block located below the upper flat plate, a guide groove is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate, and the lower sliding block is in sliding fit with the guide groove.

The first connecting piece comprises a ball pin seat, a ball pin and a connecting rod, one end of the ball pin seat is connected with one end of the workbench, the other end of the ball pin seat is connected and matched with the ball pin, the connecting rod is sleeved outside the ball pin, and the fifth driving mechanism is connected with the connecting rod.

The fifth driving mechanism comprises a fifth driving motor, a fifth supporting seat, a fifth ball screw and a fifth screw connecting piece, the fifth ball screw is vertically arranged, the fifth driving motor is used for driving the fifth ball screw to rotate, the fifth supporting seat is supported at two ends of the fifth ball screw, the fifth screw connecting piece is sleeved outside the fifth ball screw, and the fifth screw connecting piece extends from the inside of the first upright post to the outside of the first upright post and is connected with the first connecting piece; the first stand is close to workstation one side and has been seted up the front slot, fifth screw rod connecting piece passes the front slot and is articulated with the connecting rod, fifth ball and front slot dislocation set.

The device also comprises at least two telescopic rods, a telescopic rod fixing block, a side plate and a fixing plate, wherein the second driving mechanism comprises a second driving motor and a Y-direction ball screw, the telescopic rod fixing block, the fixing plate and the second driving mechanism are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the upper base, and the upper moving table is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block through the telescopic rods; the two ends of the telescopic rod fixing block are respectively sleeved with the fixing plate, the second driving motor is fixed in the side digging hole of the upper base and seals the side digging hole through the fixing plate, the second driving motor is connected with the Y-direction ball screw and drives the Y-direction ball screw to rotate, and the Y-direction ball screw drives the telescopic rod fixing block to horizontally move.

The sixth driving mechanism comprises a sixth driving motor, a sixth supporting seat, a sixth ball screw and a coupler, the two sixth ball screws with opposite rotating directions are horizontally arranged and are connected through the coupler, the sixth driving motor is used for driving the sixth ball screw to rotate, the sixth supporting seat is supported at the end of the sixth ball screw, and the material adding module and the grinding material reducing module are respectively connected to the two sixth ball screws.

The grinding material reducing module comprises a grinding wheel upright post, a small grinding wheel, a grinding wheel motor, a grinding wheel swing shaft and a grinding wheel swing post, wherein the small grinding wheel is located outside the grinding wheel upright post and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, the grinding wheel motor, the grinding wheel swing shaft and the grinding wheel swing post are located in the grinding wheel upright post, the grinding wheel motor drives the horizontally arranged grinding wheel swing shaft to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing post are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft and the small grinding wheel.

The rotating beam is provided with a rotating cavity penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the rotating beam, and the bottom of the rotating cavity is horizontally provided with a suspension fixing ring in the circumferential direction; the fourth driving mechanism comprises a disc bevel gear, a driving bevel gear, a suspension frame, a rolling bearing and a fourth driving motor, the suspension frame is placed on the suspension fixing ring, the outer wall of the suspension frame is connected with the inner wall of the rotating cavity in a matched mode through the rolling bearing, the disc bevel gear is fixed on the suspension frame and matched with the driving bevel gear, the fourth driving motor drives the driving bevel gear to rotate to drive the suspension frame to rotate, and the linkage beam is fixed on the lower portion of the suspension frame.

The suspension bracket comprises a suspension supporting part, wherein an upper supporting circular table part and a lower supporting circular table part are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the suspension supporting part, the linkage cross beam is fixed at the bottom of the lower supporting circular table part, an inner hole sleeve of the disc bevel gear is arranged outside the upper supporting circular table part and fixed, the suspension supporting part is placed on a suspension fixing ring, and the outer wall of the suspension supporting part is matched with the inner wall of a rotating cavity through a rolling bearing, so that the rotation of the suspension bracket is realized.

The grinding material cutting module further comprises two conical gears which are in meshed transmission with each other, one of the conical gears is fixed on the grinding wheel swinging shaft, and the grinding wheel motor drives one of the conical gears to rotate so as to drive the grinding wheel swinging shaft to rotate.

And two ends of the grinding wheel swinging shaft are fixed on the inner side wall of the grinding wheel upright post.

The grinding wheel upright column side wall is provided with a storage opening convenient to maintain and a storage door, and the storage door is used for opening and closing the storage opening.

The vibration material disk piece includes the laser head, send a first to send the raw materials to the laser head below to melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to workstation upper surface of laser head just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a first, satisfies 0 < alpha < 90.

The processing method of the near-net forming device of the multi-axis and axis variable component comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench, starting a material increase module to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench, the material increase module and the grinding material reduction module, moving the material increase module upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the change work piece on the workstation and the relative position of increase material module, grinding subtract material module includes the following mode:

mode A: starting a fifth driving mechanism to drive the workbench to incline;

mode B: starting a sixth driving mechanism to drive the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module to synchronously and horizontally move;

mode C: starting a second driving mechanism to drive the upper moving platform to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a third driving mechanism to drive the lower moving platform to move horizontally;

mode E: starting a fourth driving mechanism to drive the linkage beam to rotate;

mode F: starting a seventh driving mechanism to drive the rotating beam to horizontally move;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel of the grinding material reduction module until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece; adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module, and starting the laser material reducing module to emit laser to reduce the material of the side surface of the workpiece;

the specific steps of moving the additive module upwards comprise: and opening a first driving mechanism in the vertical column of the gantry crane to drive the beam of the gantry crane to move upwards.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. according to the invention, through the tilting motion of the workbench, the vertical movement of the gantry crane beam, the horizontal movement of the rotating beam, the rotating motion of the linkage beam, the synchronous horizontal motion of the material increasing module and the material reducing module, and the horizontal motion of the upper moving table and the lower moving table are matched to drive the workbench to horizontally move, so that the requirement of multi-directional processing of complex parts is met, various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces, especially parts with space curved surfaces can be processed, the rotation of the grinding wheel is realized through the swinging of the grinding wheel shaft of the grinding material reducing module, the side wall of the part at any angle can be attached under the rotation of the grinding material reducing module, the constraint of the complex structure parts on the traditional grinding process is relieved, and the production flexibility of the equipment is further improved. And then the laser material reducing module is combined to perform laser material reducing on the part which cannot be ground by the grinding material reducing module, particularly when the outer surface of a target product is provided with a groove or a side hole which is opened downwards and the surface of the groove needs to be subjected to material reducing.

2. The invention designs the air-tight protective cover (namely the outer cover) with proper size performance, pays attention to the integral air tightness and protection performance of the equipment, ensures the integral air tightness of the device while completely not influencing the stability of a transmission system, is suitable for forming and processing various material parts capable of being processed by laser additive materials including metal materials, has extremely strong work adaptability aiming at diversified processing objects, and greatly expands the working service range of the equipment. The outer cover is isolated from the external environment, and can form a protective gas environment in a negative pressure state, so that the safety of operators is protected while the high-temperature oxidation of materials is prevented.

3. This device is for once installation increase and decrease material synchronous processing, compares with traditional multistation processing mode, and this equipment has saved dismantlement many times and installation work piece to and steps such as artifical transport work piece, greatly shortened operating time, improved work efficiency, reduced time cost and cost of labor.

4. The device adopts a desktop design, has a small integral structure and limited occupied space, can save a large amount of position space in work, and simultaneously has higher portability and flexibility, thereby realizing greater popularization in production.

5. During the operation of the device, the working moving path of each processing part is shorter, so that the whole processing flow is shortened, the production period of the workpiece is further shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Under the processing advantages of short flow and short period, the energy consumed by the equipment for producing a single part is synchronously reduced along with the reduction of the production period, so that the energy consumption period in the part production process is correspondingly shortened, and the requirements of low energy consumption and low emission are indirectly met.

6. The material increasing module and the material reducing module are modularized devices, so that the device is simple and convenient to replace and maintain. The device adopts the paraxial wire feeding laser melting additive manufacturing technology (the additive module is provided with a wire feeding head and a laser head, and the wire feeding head and the laser head are provided with included angles) to be compounded with the grinding wheel grinding technology (small grinding wheels for grinding the additive module and the like), the production flexibility is high, and the device has extremely high conformity with the mixed flow assembly line which is widely applied in the current manufacturing industry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the device body with the cover parts removed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a driving mechanism and a rotating beam in a gantry crane beam.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the drive mechanism in the rotating beam (with the gear guard removed).

Fig. 5 is a top view of the rotating beam (with the beam cover and like parts removed).

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 5 (with a new gear guard added).

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the hanger.

Fig. 8 is a top view of the hanger.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the rotating beam.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the rotating beam, the linkage beam and the material increasing and decreasing module.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the connection between the material addition and removal module and the third driving mechanism in the linkage beam.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the ground material module.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the grinding stock removal module (grinding wheel post removed).

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive module.

Fig. 16 is a schematic connection diagram of the gantry crane beam and the fifth driving mechanism.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the installation of the fifth driving mechanism in the column of the gantry crane.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner beam of the gantry crane.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a device such as a fixed base and an upper moving table.

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of the upper and lower moving stages and their driving mechanisms.

Fig. 21 is a plan view of the upper and lower moving tables and their driving mechanisms.

Fig. 22 is a structural diagram of another view angle of the upper moving stage, the lower moving stage and their driving mechanisms.

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of the upper base.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic rod.

Fig. 25 is a sectional view at C in fig. 21.

Fig. 26 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower moving stage.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural view of the upper moving stage.

FIG. 28 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixed support and the components thereon.

Fig. 29 is a front view of the stationary support and the parts thereon (with the column cover of the first column removed).

FIG. 30 is a top view of the stationary support base and the components thereon.

Fig. 31 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 30.

Fig. 32 is a partial enlarged view at E in fig. 31.

Fig. 33 is an exploded view of the first connector.

Fig. 34 is a schematic structural view of the table.

Fig. 35 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser material reducing module.

FIG. 36 is a schematic view of a disposable forming part according to the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. a fixed base; 101. an upper base; 1011. a strip-shaped hole; 102. a lower bottom shell; 2. a housing; 3. a first upright post; 4. a gantry crane; 41. a gantry crane beam; 411. a separation support plate; 412. a horizontal drive mounting hole; 413. a strip-shaped groove; 42. a gantry crane upright post; 43. a seventh drive mechanism; 431. a seventh motor; 432. a seventh support seat; 433. a seventh horizontal ball screw; 434. a seventh lead screw connection; 5. an upper mobile station; 501. an upper flat plate; 5011. a plate through hole; 502. a lower slide block; 6. a lower mobile station; 601. a lower flat plate; 6011. a guide groove; 6012. a limiting block; 602. a connecting plate; 6021. a vertical plate; 6022. a transverse plate; 60221. a limiting hole; 7. an additive module; 71. a laser head; 72. feeding a filament head; 73. laser joint; 74. a material increase slide block; 75. a laser upright post; 8. grinding and cutting the material module; 81. a small grinding wheel; 82. a grinding wheel column; 821. a wedge-shaped groove; 84. a column joint; 85. a grinding wheel motor; 86. a grinding wheel swing shaft; 87. a grinding wheel swing column; 88. a bevel gear; 89. a material reducing slide block; 9. a work table; 91. an extension rod; 10. a telescopic rod; 1001. an outer sleeve; 1002. an inner sleeve; 1003. an inner guide rod; 11. a telescopic baffle; 111. a middle baffle; 112. an end baffle; 12. the telescopic rod fixing block; 13. a side plate; 14. a fixing plate; 15. a second drive mechanism; 151. a second drive motor; 152. a second support seat; 153. a Y-direction ball screw; 16. a third drive mechanism; 161. a third drive motor; 162. an X-direction ball screw; 163. a third support seat; 17. a first drive mechanism; 171. a first drive motor; 172. a first support base; 173. a first ball screw; 174. a first lead screw connection; 18. a sixth drive mechanism; 181. a sixth drive motor; 182. a sixth supporting seat; 183. a sixth ball screw; 184. a coupling; 19. a fifth drive mechanism; 191. a fifth drive motor; 192. a fifth supporting seat; 193. a fifth ball screw; 194. a fifth lead screw connector; 20. a first connecting member; 201. a ball pin seat; 202. a ball stud; 203. a connecting rod; 21. fixing the supporting seat; 22. a fourth drive mechanism; 221. a disc bevel gear; 222. a driving bevel gear; 223. a fourth drive motor; 224. a suspension bracket; 2241. a suspension support; 2242. an upper support circular table portion; 2243. a lower support circular table portion; 22431. a beam groove; 225. a rolling bearing; 23. a wire feeding module; 231. a large wire feeding roller; 232. a large roller support; 24. a gear guard; 26. a material fixing mechanism; 261. a small roller; 262. a small roller support; 27. a linkage beam; 90. rotating the cross beam; 901. a rotating chamber; 902. a fixed cavity; 903. hanging a fixed ring; 70. laser subtracts material module.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 35, the near-net forming apparatus for multi-axis and axis-variable components of the present embodiment includes a fixed base 1, a first column 3, a gantry crane 4, an additive module 7, a composite moving platform, a laser material reducing module 70, a grinding material reducing module 8, a workbench 9, a first connecting piece 20, a linkage beam 27, and a rotating beam 90; the gantry crane 4 comprises a gantry crane beam 41 and gantry crane columns 42, and the gantry crane columns 42 are positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam 41 and fixed on the fixed base 1; a first driving mechanism 17 for driving the gantry crane beam 41 to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright post 42; the composite moving platform comprises an upper moving platform 5 and a lower moving platform 6, a second driving mechanism 15 and a third driving mechanism 16 are arranged in the fixed base 1, the lower moving platform 6 is connected below the upper moving platform 5 and can horizontally move relative to the fixed base 1 under the driving of the third driving mechanism 16, the upper moving platform 5 can horizontally move relative to the fixed base 1 under the driving of the second driving mechanism 15, and the horizontal moving directions of the upper moving platform 5 and the lower moving platform 6 are mutually vertical; a seventh driving mechanism 43 is arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, and the rotating beam 90 horizontally moves relative to the gantry crane beam 41 under the driving of the seventh driving mechanism 43; the linkage beam 27 is arranged below the rotating beam 90, a fourth driving mechanism 22 is arranged in the rotating beam 90, and the fourth driving mechanism 22 is used for driving the linkage beam 27 to rotate relative to the rotating beam 90; the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are arranged below the linkage cross beam 27, a sixth driving mechanism 18 is arranged in the linkage cross beam 27, the sixth driving mechanism 18 is used for driving the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the linkage cross beam 27, and the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on a workpiece on the workbench 9; the laser material reducing module 70 is connected below the gantry crane beam 41 and is used for reducing the material of the workpiece on the workbench 9; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench 9 are respectively and correspondingly provided with a first upright post 3, the third upright post 3 is fixed on the upper moving platform 5, and the first upright post 3 is connected with the end part of the workbench 9 through a first connecting piece 20; a fifth driving mechanism 19 for driving the end part of the working table 9 to move up and down is arranged in the first upright post 3, the fifth driving mechanism 19 is connected with the end part of the working table 9 through a first connecting piece 20, and the displacement of different end parts of the working table 9 moving up or down is unequal, so that the working table 9 is inclined.

In the invention, the fifth driving mechanism 19 in the first upright post 3 drives the end part of the workbench 9 to move upwards or downwards, the fifth driving mechanism 19 respectively controls the displacement of different end parts of the workbench 9, and when the displacements are unequal, the workbench 9 inclines.

According to the invention, the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are integrated by the linkage beam 27, the workbench 9 moves obliquely, the rotating beam 90 moves horizontally, the linkage beam 27 drives the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move rotationally, the upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table move horizontally, the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 rotate to any position of a workpiece, and the laser material reducing module 70 performs laser material reduction on the surface of a part, which cannot be ground, of the grinding material reducing module 8 in cooperation with the synchronous horizontal movement of the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8, so that the requirement of multi-direction processing of the complex part is met, and various complex parts with curved surfaces in different shapes can be processed, especially parts with curved central axes and unequal heights. The material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 on the linkage cross beam 27 can move along the linkage cross beam 27, so that the degree of freedom of the working module is greatly widened, and the production flexibility of the whole equipment is improved.

As shown in fig. 4, the seventh driving mechanism 43 includes a seventh motor 431, a seventh supporting seat 432, a seventh horizontal ball screw 433, and a seventh screw connector 434, wherein the seventh motor 431 is used for driving the seventh horizontal ball screw 433 to rotate, the seventh horizontal ball screw 433 is supported in the gantry crane beam 41 through the seventh supporting seat 432, and the rotating beam 90 is connected with the seventh horizontal ball screw 433 through the seventh screw connector 434. As shown in fig. 18, in the present embodiment, the gantry crane beam 41 is hollow and is provided with a horizontal driving installation hole 412, the horizontal driving installation hole 412 is separated into two parts by a vertically arranged partition support plate 411, and when the seventh motor 431 is started, the rotating beam 90 is driven by the seventh horizontal ball screw 433 to move horizontally. The gantry crane beam 41 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 413 at one side close to the rotating beam 90, the strip-shaped groove 413 and the seventh horizontal ball screw 433 are arranged in a staggered mode, and abrasion chips are prevented from being directly adhered to the seventh horizontal ball screw 433 to affect transmission. When a revolving body with a curved central axis is machined, the movement of the rotating beam 90 along the direction of the gantry crane beam 41 can also be adjusted and ensure that the working center after the worktable 9 is inclined is superposed with the material-increasing and reducing machining center, so that the positioning error caused by the inclination of the worktable 9 is avoided.

As shown in fig. 4-10, the rotating beam 90 includes a rotating cavity 901 formed through the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating beam 90 and a fixing cavity 902 communicated with the rotating cavity 901, and a suspension fixing ring 903 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the rotating cavity 901 along the circumferential direction; the fourth driving mechanism 22 comprises a disc bevel gear 221, a driving bevel gear 222, a suspension bracket 224 and a rolling bearing 225 which are positioned in the rotating cavity 901, and a fourth driving motor 223 which is positioned in the fixing cavity 902, the suspension bracket 224 is placed on the suspension fixing ring 903, the outer wall of the suspension bracket 224 is in fit connection with the inner wall of the rotating cavity 901 through the rolling bearing 225, the disc bevel gear 221 is fixed on the suspension bracket 224 and is matched with the driving bevel gear 222, the fourth driving motor 223 drives the driving bevel gear 222 to rotate to drive the suspension bracket 224 to rotate, and the linkage beam 27 is fixed at the lower part of the suspension bracket 224.

As shown in fig. 7-9, the suspension frame 224 includes a suspension support 2241, an upper support circular platform part 2242 and a lower support circular platform part 2243 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the suspension support 2241, the linkage cross beam 27 is fixed at the bottom of the lower support circular platform part 2243, an inner hole of the disc bevel gear 221 is sleeved outside the upper support circular platform part 2242 and is fixed, the suspension support 2241 is placed on the suspension fixing ring 903, the outer wall of the suspension support 2241 is matched with the inner wall of the rotating cavity 901 through a rolling bearing 225, the rotation of the suspension frame 224 is realized, and the sliding friction is reduced. The lower supporting circular table part 2243 is provided with a beam groove 22431 for placing the fixed linkage beam 27, and disassembly and maintenance are convenient.

As shown in fig. 4-6, the rotating chamber 901 is further provided with a wire feeding module 23, the wire feeding module 23 includes a large wire feeding roller 231 and a large roller support 232, and the large roller support 232 is located at two ends of the large wire feeding roller 231 and fixed on the web of the bevel disk gear 221. The wire feeding module 23 is used for storing the wire of the processing material and synchronously feeding the wire during work. In this embodiment, the wire feeding large rollers 231 are symmetrically arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, so that the wire feeding is ensured not to be wound when the disc bevel gear 221 is rotated, and the centrifugal force can be mutually offset. In this embodiment, a through hole is formed on the suspension bracket 224, and the wire feeding module 23 feeds the wire to the through hole and reaches the additive module 7 for additive processing.

In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a gear protection cover 24 is further disposed in the rotation chamber 901, the gear protection cover 24 is disposed between the wire feeding module 23 and the gear portion of the disc bevel gear 221 to isolate the gear portions of the wire feeding module 23 and the disc bevel gear 221, and the gear protection cover 24 has a lower end disposed on the web of the disc bevel gear 221 and an upper end abutting against the beam cover to stabilize the disc bevel gear 221.

As shown in fig. 10, the rotating cavity 901 is located in the middle of the rotating beam 90 and is in a disc shape, the fourth driving motor 223 on one side of the rotating beam 90 drives the disc bevel gear 221 in the rotating cavity 901 of the rotating beam 90 to rotate, the suspension bracket 224 is connected with the inner wall of the rotating cavity 901 by the rolling bearing 225, and the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 below the suspension bracket 224 rotate around the Z axis relative to the gantry crane beam 41.

As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the first driving mechanism 17 includes a first driving motor 171, a first supporting base 172, a first ball screw 173, and a first screw connector 174, the first ball screw 173 is vertically disposed, the first driving motor 171 is used for driving the first ball screw 173 to rotate, the first supporting base 172 is supported at an end of the first ball screw 173, the first screw connector 174 is sleeved outside the first ball screw 173, and the first screw connector 174 extends from inside the gantry crane column 42 to outside the gantry crane column 42 and is connected with an end of the gantry crane beam 41.

The movement of the gantry beam 41 in the Z-axis direction is controlled by a first ball screw 173 in the gantry column 42. The gantry crane beam 41 drives the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move up and down in the Z-axis direction under the fixing and driving action of the first lead screw connectors 174 on the two sides. In this embodiment, the first driving mechanism 17 is located at the upper half of the gantry crane column 42, and the first driving motor 171 is a servo motor and drives two first ball screws 173, respectively. The upper half part of a gantry crane upright post 42 is provided with an upright post inner hole, the first driving mechanism 17 is positioned in the upright post inner hole, one side of the gantry crane upright post 42, which is close to a gantry crane beam 41, is provided with a front groove for a first screw rod connecting piece 174 to pass through, the front groove is communicated with the upright post inner hole, and the front groove and a first ball screw rod 173 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that abrasive dust is prevented from directly entering the front groove to influence the transmission of the first driving mechanism 17. The column bore is divided into two sections by a horizontally disposed partition, one section accommodating the first drive motor 171 and the other section accommodating other important parts of the first drive mechanism 17.

As shown in fig. 12, the sixth driving mechanism 18 includes a sixth driving motor 181, a sixth supporting seat 182, a sixth ball screw 183, a sixth screw nut and a coupling 184, the two sixth ball screws 183 with opposite rotation directions are horizontally disposed and connected by the coupling 184, the sixth driving motor 181 is configured to drive the sixth ball screw 183 to rotate, the sixth supporting seat 182 is supported at an end of the sixth ball screw 183, the two sixth screw nuts are respectively sleeved outside the sixth ball screw 183, and the sixth screw nut is respectively connected to the material adding module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8.

In other embodiments, the additive module 7 and the grinding and subtractive module 8 share the same sixth drive mechanism 18 of the same linkage beam 27. When the sixth driving motor 181 is activated, the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 move close to or away from each other, and move towards or away from each other as a whole. Each sixth driving mechanism 18 includes a sixth ball screw 183, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively assembled on the sixth ball screws 183 with opposite rotation directions, the sixth ball screws 183 include two horizontal screws, the coupling 184 is an elastic coupling, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively mounted on the two horizontal screws through sixth screw nuts, and the rotation directions of the two sixth screw nuts are opposite (the rotation directions of the sixth screw nuts are the same as the rotation directions of the respective horizontal screws). The sixth driving motor 181 drives one of the horizontal lead screws to rotate, and transmits torque to the other horizontal lead screw through the elastic coupling. When the sixth driving motor 181 rotates forward, the two sixth screw nuts on the horizontal screw gradually approach to each other; when the sixth driving motor 181 rotates reversely, the two sixth screw nuts on the horizontal screw gradually move away. The gantry crane beam 41 is connected with the horizontal lead screw through a sixth driving motor 181 in a transmission manner, and two sixth lead screw nuts which are in reverse fit are controlled to move in opposite directions, so that the linkage effect of the material increase module 7 and the material grinding and reduction module 8 is realized.

In other embodiments, two sixth driving motors 181 are used to drive the additive module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 respectively on the same linkage beam 27, the sixth ball screws 183 of the two sixth driving mechanisms 18 have opposite rotation directions and do not have couplings 184, and the sixth driving motors 181 in the linkage beam 27 are used to control the movement of the additive module 7 or the grinding and material reducing module 8 in the horizontal direction. Two sets of sixth driving mechanisms 18 are arranged in one linkage cross beam 27 and used for controlling the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively, and compared with the method that the same sixth driving mechanisms 18 are used for driving the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 simultaneously, the two sets of sixth driving mechanisms 18 reduce the bearing capacity of each sixth ball screw 183 and enhance the positioning accuracy and stability in the process of working.

As shown in fig. 15, the additive module 7 includes a laser head 71 and a wire feeding head 72, the wire feeding head 72 feeds the raw material to a position below the laser head 71 for melting, a laser emission direction of the laser head 71 is perpendicular to an upper surface of the worktable 9 and forms an included angle α with a wire feeding direction of the wire feeding head 72, and the included angle α satisfies 0 < α < 90 °.

The additive module 7 further comprises a laser joint 73, an additive slider 74 and a laser upright post 75, the additive slider 74 is connected and matched with the sixth ball screw 183, the laser joint 73 is connected between the additive slider 74 and the laser upright post 75, and the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 are located below the laser upright post 75. In this embodiment, the additive slider 74 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with a thread, the additive slider 74 is directly sleeved on the sixth ball screw 183, and the additive slider 74 passes through the linkage cross beam 27 from the sixth ball screw 183 to be connected with the laser connector 73.

As shown in FIG. 15, a material fixing mechanism 26 is disposed above the feeding port of the wire feeding head 72, the material fixing mechanism 26 includes a small roller bracket 262 and two small rollers 261, and the two small rollers 261 are supported on the small roller bracket 262 for positioning the raw material wires. And a round groove with the size equivalent to that of the wire is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261 of the sizing mechanism 26, so that the accuracy is enhanced.

When the laser emitter emits laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of a workpiece, the wire feeding module 23 synchronously feeds wires, and materials are fed into the molten pool, so that the processing efficiency is improved, and the synchronous wire feeding during material increase processing is realized. A small roller 261 is arranged on the wire feeding head 72, a round groove equivalent to wires is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261, accuracy is enhanced, and wire feeding holes for raw wires to pass through are formed in the upper portion of the wire feeding head 72 below the two small rollers 261.

According to the invention, through the tilting motion of the workbench 9, the synchronous horizontal motion of the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8, the horizontal motion of the rotating beam 90, the rotating motion of the linkage beam 27 and the reasonable matching of the angle alpha adjustment of the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 in the material adding module 7, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 only need to perform short-distance horizontal motion on the gantry crane beam 41 (the two modules can perform synchronous linkage and also can perform respective independent motion, and the relative motion mode is very flexible), and the real-time synchronous processing of two material adding stations and two material reducing stations (the two stations keep the distance of half revolution period of the revolution body, and no extra station adjustment) of a complex structural member can be effectively realized. The synchronous processing mode can flexibly and efficiently finish high-precision material reduction processing of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of a complex structural member, strictly controls the height of the mass center of the whole equipment to improve the stability under the reasonable motion matching and transmission arrangement design of independent control of multiple degrees of freedom, basically realizes gapless fusion of two stations, saves a large amount of working hours and energy consumption required by station conversion, further shortens the processing flow and the production period, and highlights the advantages of short flow and near-net forming of the synchronous composite processing method of multi-station integration.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the grinding material reducing module 8 includes a grinding wheel column 82, a small grinding wheel 81 located outside the grinding wheel column 82 and used for milling or grinding the side surface of the workpiece, and a grinding wheel motor 85, a grinding wheel swing shaft 86 and a grinding wheel swing column 87 located inside the grinding wheel column 82, wherein the grinding wheel motor 85 drives the horizontally arranged grinding wheel swing shaft 86 to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel 81 to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column 87 are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 and the small grinding wheel 81.

The grinding material reducing module 8 further comprises a stand column joint 84, two conical gears 88 and a material reducing sliding block 89 which are in meshed transmission with each other, the material reducing sliding block 89 is connected with a sixth ball screw 183, the upper end of the stand column joint 84 is connected with the material reducing sliding block 89, the lower end of the stand column joint 84 is connected with the grinding wheel stand column 82, a grinding wheel motor 85 is coaxial with one conical gear 88, the other conical gear 88 is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel stand column 82 through a grinding wheel swinging shaft 86 which is transversely arranged, the grinding wheel swinging shaft 86 is vertically connected with the grinding wheel swinging column 87, and the lower end of the grinding wheel swinging column 87 is connected with the small grinding wheel 81.

Subtract material slider 89 and be equipped with the through-hole, the through-hole inner wall is equipped with the screw thread, directly overlaps and establish outside sixth ball 183, subtracts material slider 89 and passes linkage crossbeam 27 and be connected with stand joint 84 from sixth ball 183. The bottom of the grinding wheel column 82 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove 821, which not only ensures the rotation of the small grinding wheel 81, but also plays a certain sealing role.

The laser upright column 75 and the grinding wheel upright column 82 are in modular design, and are convenient to install, maintain and replace.

As shown in fig. 19 to 27, the composite moving platform includes an upper moving stage 5 and a lower moving stage 6, and the lower moving stage 6 is attached below the upper moving stage 5; the fixed base 1 comprises an upper base 101, the device further comprises a third driving mechanism 16 fixed on the lower portion of the upper base 101, the third driving mechanism 16 comprises a third driving motor 161 and at least one X-direction ball screw 162, the lower moving table 6 comprises a lower flat plate 601 and a plurality of connecting plates 602 positioned below the lower flat plate 601, the upper base 101 is provided with strip-shaped holes 1011 for the connecting plates 602 to pass through, the lower portions of the connecting plates 602 are connected with the X-direction ball screws 162, one X-direction ball screw 162 is driven by the third driving motor 161, and the X-direction ball screws 162 on the lower portions of the connecting plates 602 are arranged in a staggered mode with the strip-shaped holes 1011 corresponding to the connecting plates 602; the upper moving table 5 comprises an upper flat plate 501 and a lower sliding block 502 positioned below the upper flat plate 501, a guide groove 6011 is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate 601, and the lower sliding block 502 is in sliding fit with the guide groove 6011. The upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table 6 form a multi-axial compound transmission motion form through the sliding fit of the lower slide block 502 and the guide groove 6011.

In this embodiment, the fixing base 1 further includes a lower base shell 102, the lower base shell 102 is located below the upper base 101, and is used for sealing and fixing devices such as a third driving motor 161 at the lower part of the upper base 101. On one hand, the third driving motor 161 of the third driving mechanism 16, the X-direction ball screw 162 and other parts are arranged at the lower part of the upper base 101 in a moving way, so that the mass is concentrated under the upper base 101, the gravity center of the whole device is lowered, the moving load of the moving platform is reduced, and the efficiency of high efficiency and energy saving is realized while the stability of the device is improved; on the other hand, the independent uniaxial movement of the composite moving platform is adopted to realize the positioning of the workpiece at any point in the working plane, so that the current situation of single-degree-of-freedom movement of the traditional working platform is broken through, and the design of a driving system of a processing module is simplified; moreover, the strip-shaped holes 1011 of the X-direction ball screw 162 corresponding to the connecting plate 602 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that even if grinding chips fall into the strip-shaped holes 1011 during grinding, the grinding chips fall down along with the strip-shaped holes 1011, the movement of the X-direction ball screw 162 for transmission is not influenced, and the service life of the transmission part is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 26, in the present embodiment, the connecting plate 602 includes a horizontal plate 6022 and a vertical plate 6021, one end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to the lower plate 601, the other end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to one end of the horizontal plate 6022, the other end of the horizontal plate 6022 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 162, and the third driving motor 161 is connected to one end of one of the X-direction ball screws 162 and drives the X-direction ball screw 162 to rotate, so as to drive the horizontal plate 6022 to move in the X direction.

The horizontal plate 6022 has a stopper hole 60221 on the side closer to the X-direction ball screw 162, and the stopper hole 60221 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 162 in a concave-convex fit. In this embodiment, there are three X-direction ball screws 162, wherein the X-direction ball screw 162 located in the middle is connected to the third driving motor 161 and driven by the third driving motor 161, and is a driving member, and the X-direction ball screws 162 located on both sides are driven members, and play a certain supporting role. In this embodiment, the output end of the third driving motor 161 directly drives the X-direction ball screw 162. In other embodiments, the output end of the third driving motor 161 is connected with a gear, and the end of the X-direction ball screw 162 is provided with a gear, so that transmission is realized through the cooperation of the gear and the gear.

Two ends of the three X-direction ball screws 162 are fixed below the upper base 101 through third support seats 163, respectively. In this embodiment, the third supporting seat 163 is made of a rubber material.

The lower moving stage 6 further includes a stopper 6012, and the stopper 6012 is installed at one end of the guide groove 6011 and is used to block the movement of the lower slider 502. In this embodiment, the guide groove 6011 is a dovetail groove, the lower slider 502 is a dovetail slider, and the dovetail groove and the dovetail slider are connected to facilitate guiding and positioning and support, and the limiting block 6012 is a rubber block.

The device further comprises at least two telescopic rods 10, a telescopic rod fixing block 12, a side plate 13, a fixing plate 14 and a second driving mechanism 15, wherein the second driving mechanism 15 comprises a second driving motor 151, a second supporting seat 152 and a Y-direction ball screw 153, the telescopic rod fixing block 12, the fixing plate 14 and the second driving mechanism 15 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the upper base 101, and the upper moving platform 5 is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12 through the telescopic rods 10; the two ends of the telescopic rod fixing block 12 are respectively sleeved with the fixing plate 14, the second driving motor 151 is fixed in a side hole of the upper base 101, the side hole is sealed through the fixing plate 14, the second driving motor 151 is connected with the Y-direction ball screw 153 and drives the Y-direction ball screw 153 to rotate, the Y-direction ball screw 153 drives the telescopic rod fixing block 12 to move along the Y-direction, and the second supporting seat 152 is used for supporting the two ends of the Y-direction ball screw 153.

The Y-direction ball screw 153 is disposed under the side of the upper base 101 to extend the stroke, and a nut is coupled to the cross plate 6022 to be slidable therein. The strip-shaped hole 1011 is clamped by two pieces of rubber to realize relative sealing, a telescopic baffle 11 is arranged on the upper base 101 between the upper moving platform 5 and the telescopic rod fixing block 12, and the telescopic rod 10 penetrates through the telescopic baffle 11 from the upper moving platform 5 to be connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12. The retractable baffle 11 comprises a middle baffle 111 and two end baffles 112 sleeved outside the middle baffle 111, and the end baffles 112 are hollow, so that the retractable rod 10 can drive the middle baffle 111 to move and can also seal the middle baffle 111.

As shown in fig. 24 and 25, the telescopic rod 10 includes an inner guide rod 1003, a plurality of outer sleeves 1001 and an inner sleeve 1002, the outer sleeves 1001 and the inner sleeve 1002 are both sleeved outside the inner guide rod 1003 and symmetrically arranged along the upper moving stage 5, the inner guide rod 1003 passes through the upper moving stage 5 and is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, one end of the outer sleeve 1001 is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, the other end is sleeved outside or inside the inner sleeve 1002 and is in sliding fit with the inner sleeve 1002, and the other end of the inner sleeve 1002 is connected with one side of the upper moving stage 5. In this embodiment, the inner sleeve 1002 and the outer sleeve 1001 of the telescopic rod 10 are both hollow to realize sleeve joint, and the outer sleeve 1001 and the inner sleeve 1002 are installed outside the inner guide rod 1003 of the telescopic rod 10 to realize totally-enclosed lubrication of a complex transmission system, so that the inner guide rod 1003 coated with lubricating oil is isolated from the external working environment, and infiltration and accumulation of abrasive dust are prevented. On one hand, the abrasive dust is prevented from being accumulated in a transmission system, the transmission system is prevented from being worn, and the service life of the transmission system is prolonged; on the other hand, the equipment transmission and the machining precision are improved, and integrated machining is realized.

As shown in fig. 27, in this embodiment, two sides of the upper plate 501 are provided with plate through holes 5011 through which the telescopic rod 10 passes.

The lower moving stage 6 is driven by a third driving motor 161 connected to the X-direction ball screw 162 under the stationary base 1, and drives the upper moving stage 5 to move in the X-axis direction. The upper and lower moving

stages

5 and 6 are fixed relatively in the X-axis direction. The upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table 6 are matched and fixed with the dovetail slide block through two dovetail grooves, the upper moving table 5 is driven by a telescopic rod 10 in the X-axis direction to realize the motion in the Y-axis direction, and the dovetail grooves of the lower moving table 6 play a role in guiding. The telescopic rods 10 driving the upper moving table 5 are fixed on the telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 at both sides, and are respectively located at both sides of the moving interval of the lower moving table 6, and the telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 are driven by a second driving motor 151 and a Y-direction ball screw 153 below the fixed base 1. The upper moving table 5 fixes the workpiece, and on the one hand, the workpiece is moved in the X, Y axial direction in the base plane through the above transmission mechanism, so that the workpiece can be located at any position in the processing area plane. On the other hand, X, Y axial direction motion in the base plane can adjust and guarantee the coincidence of the work center after workstation 9 inclines and increase and decrease material machining center, avoids causing the location to make mistakes after workstation 9 inclines.

As shown in fig. 28 to 34, the first connecting member 20 includes a ball pin seat 201, a ball pin 202, and a connecting rod 203, one end of the ball pin seat 201 is connected to one end of the workbench 9, the other end is connected to and matched with the ball pin 202, the connecting rod 203 is sleeved outside the ball pin 202, and the fifth driving mechanism 19 is connected to the connecting rod 203. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 203 is made of an elastic material, can elastically extend along the length direction, and is in threaded connection with the ball stud 202.

As shown in fig. 34, extension bars 91 are provided at least at both ends of the table 9, and the extension bars 91 are connected to the ball pin base 201. In this embodiment, four first columns 3 are included, a fifth driving mechanism 19 for driving four end portions of the working table 9 is respectively disposed in each first column 3, the fifth driving mechanism 19 independently drives the extension rods 91 corresponding to the working table 9, and the working table 9 is inclined at different angles by moving different extension rods 91 in different distances in the height direction. In other embodiments, the workbench 9 may be provided with different numbers of extension rods 91 to achieve different inclination angles according to the complexity of the parts.

In this embodiment, be fixed in last mobile station 5 through a fixed bolster 21 on, first stand 3 bottom is connected fixedly with fixed bolster 21, workstation 9 sets up and sets up about machining center symmetry with fixed bolster 21 interval, workstation 9 sets up with fixed bolster 11 interval, prevent on the one hand that the mobile station 5 size undersize, be not enough to place a plurality of first stands 3 and workstation 9, broken through the restriction of last mobile station 5 size, on the other hand is convenient for wholly replace not equidimension first stand 3 and workstation 9.

As shown in fig. 29, the fifth driving mechanism 19 includes a fifth driving motor 191, a fifth supporting seat 192, a fifth ball screw 193 and a fifth screw connection element 194, the fifth ball screw 193 is vertically disposed, the fifth driving motor 191 is used for driving the fifth ball screw 193 to rotate, the fifth supporting seat 192 is supported at two ends of the fifth ball screw 193, the fifth screw connection element 194 is sleeved on the fifth ball screw 193, and the fifth screw connection element 194 extends from the first vertical column 3 to the outside of the first vertical column 3 and is connected to the first connection element 20.

In this embodiment, the first column 3 has a column front groove on one side close to the working table 9, the column front groove is used for the fifth screw rod connecting piece 194 to pass through, the column front groove is communicated with the inner hole of the first column 3, and the column front groove and the fifth ball screw rod 193 are arranged in a staggered manner, so as to prevent the grinding dust from affecting the transmission of the fifth driving mechanism 19.

The fifth screw rod connecting piece 194 is hinged with the connecting rod 203.

The movement of each end of the table 9 in the Z-axis direction is controlled by the fifth ball screw 193 in the first column 3, and the tilt movement of the table 9 is realized by the difference in the movement distance of the different ends in the Z-axis direction. The fixing and driving action of the fifth screw rod connecting piece 194 drives each end of the workbench 9 to move up and down in the Z-axis direction. In this embodiment, the fifth driving motor 191 is a servo motor and drives the fifth ball screw 193. An inner hole is formed in the first upright post 3, the fifth driving mechanism 19 is located in the inner hole, a front groove for the fifth screw rod connecting piece 194 to pass through is formed in one side, close to the workbench 9, of the first upright post 3, the front groove is communicated with the inner hole, the front groove and the fifth ball screw rod 193 are arranged in a staggered mode, and grinding dust is prevented from directly entering the front groove to affect transmission of the fifth driving mechanism 19. The bore is divided into two parts by a horizontally disposed partition plate, one part accommodating the fifth drive motor 191 and the other part accommodating other important parts of the fifth drive mechanism 19.

As shown in fig. 1, the device further comprises a housing 2, wherein the housing 2 is fixed on the fixed base 1 and separates the workbench 9, the grinding material reducing module 8 and the material increasing module 7 from the outside. In this embodiment, unable adjustment base 1 top cover is equipped with dustcoat 2, has seted up on dustcoat 2 and has put the thing mouth (not shown in the figure), puts and installs the thing door of putting that can close and open the thing mouth on putting the thing mouth. In this embodiment, dustcoat 2 is the translucent cover, is convenient for observe the behavior of core unit, and on the other hand, dustcoat 2 is used for sealed protection core unit, and operational environment and external environment in isolated equipment improve processingquality and operating personnel security.

The outer cover 2 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet for vacuumizing or introducing protective gas into the outer cover 2. In this embodiment, the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively and oppositely disposed on the sidewall of the housing 2 and respectively disposed near the upper portion and the lower portion of the housing 2. Generally, inert gas or protective gas such as carbon dioxide is heavier than air, an air inlet is arranged at the lower part, an air outlet is arranged at the upper part, slow air inlet is kept during the processing, and the inside of the outer cover 2 is in a negative high-pressure state.

As shown in fig. 35, the laser material reducing module 70 includes a material reducing laser head and a material reducing support member at two end portions of the gantry crane beam 41, one end of the material reducing support member is connected to the gantry crane beam 41, the other end of the material reducing laser head is connected to the material reducing laser head, the material reducing laser head can rotate on a YZ plane relative to the material reducing support member, an angle between a laser emission direction of the material reducing laser head and a horizontal direction is in a range of-90 ° to 90 °, and can perform laser material reduction on a place where the material reducing module 8 cannot be ground, especially when a groove or a side hole with a downward opening is formed on an outer surface of a target product and the material reduction needs to be performed on the surface of the groove.

In the present invention, the X-direction ball screw 162 and the Y-direction ball screw 153 are vertically provided, with the longitudinal direction of the X-direction ball screw 162 being the X-direction, the longitudinal direction of the Y-direction ball screw 153 being the Y-direction, and the longitudinal direction of the first ball screw 173 being the Z-direction.

The method for processing the near-net-shape forming device comprises the following steps

Placing a workpiece on a workbench 9, starting an additive module 7 to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the additive module 7, melting the raw materials in the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten pool on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module 8 to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench 9, the additive module 7 and the grinding material reduction module 8, moving the additive module 7 upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting the additive processing of the next thickness layer;

changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the worktable 9 and the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 comprises the following modes:

mode A: the fifth driving mechanism 19 is started to drive the workbench 9 to incline;

mode B: starting a sixth driving mechanism 18 to drive the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 to synchronously move horizontally;

mode C: starting a second driving mechanism 15 to drive the upper moving table 5 to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a third driving mechanism 16 to drive the lower moving platform 6 to move horizontally;

mode E: the fourth driving mechanism 22 is started to drive the linkage beam 27 to rotate;

mode F: the seventh driving mechanism 43 is started to drive the rotating beam 90 to move horizontally;

the material reducing processing specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel 81 of the grinding material cutting module 8 until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side surface of the workpiece to grind the side surface of the workpiece; and

adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module 70, and starting the laser material reducing module 70 to emit laser to reduce the material of the side surface of the workpiece;

the specific steps of moving additive module 7 upward include: and opening the first driving mechanism 17 in the gantry crane upright post 42 to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to move upwards.

The invention can process multi-axis and axis variable components at one time, and can also process parts of a partial revolving body repeated array type or process small complex curved surface components at one time in small batch, in particular to parts with side holes or grooves on the side surface needing grinding treatment, a typical part drawing is shown in fig. 36, fig. 36(a) is a structural schematic diagram of the typical part, and fig. 36(b) is a front view of the typical part.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. A near-net-shape forming device for multi-axis and axis variable components is characterized in that: comprises a fixed base (1), a first upright post (3), a gantry crane (4), a material increasing module (7), a composite moving platform, a laser material reducing module (70), a grinding material reducing module (8), a workbench (9), a first connecting piece (20), a linkage beam (27) and a rotating beam (90)

The gantry crane (4) comprises a gantry crane beam (41) and gantry crane columns (42), wherein the gantry crane columns (42) are positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam (41) and fixed on the fixed base (1);

a first driving mechanism (17) for driving the gantry crane beam (41) to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright column (42);

the composite moving platform comprises an upper moving platform (5) and a lower moving platform (6), a second driving mechanism (15) and a third driving mechanism (16) are arranged in the fixed base (1), the lower moving platform (6) is connected below the upper moving platform (5) and can horizontally move relative to the fixed base (1) under the driving of the third driving mechanism (16), the upper moving platform (5) can horizontally move relative to the fixed base (1) under the driving of the second driving mechanism (15), and the horizontal moving directions of the upper moving platform (5) and the lower moving platform (6) are perpendicular to each other;

a seventh driving mechanism (43) is arranged in the gantry crane beam (41), and the rotating beam (90) horizontally moves relative to the gantry crane beam (41) under the driving of the seventh driving mechanism (43);

the linkage beam (27) is arranged below the rotating beam (90), a fourth driving mechanism (22) is arranged in the rotating beam (90), and the fourth driving mechanism (22) is used for driving the linkage beam (27) to rotate relative to the rotating beam (90);

the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) are arranged below a linkage cross beam (27), a sixth driving mechanism (18) is arranged in the linkage cross beam (27), the sixth driving mechanism (18) is used for driving the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the linkage cross beam (27), and the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on a workpiece on a workbench (9); the laser material reducing module (70) is connected below the gantry crane beam (41) and is used for reducing the material of the side surface of a workpiece on the workbench (9);

the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench (9) are respectively and correspondingly provided with the first upright posts (3), and the first upright posts (3) are fixed on the upper moving platform (5); and a fifth driving mechanism (19) for driving the end part of the workbench (9) to move up and down is arranged in the first upright post (3), the fifth driving mechanism (19) is connected with the end part of the workbench (9) through a first connecting piece (20), and the displacement of different end parts of the workbench (9) moving upwards or downwards is unequal, so that the workbench (9) is inclined.

2. The near net-shape forming device of claim 1, wherein: the fixed base (1) comprises an upper base (101), the third driving mechanism (16) is positioned in the upper base (101) and comprises a third driving motor (161) and an X-direction ball screw (162); the lower moving table (6) comprises a lower flat plate (601) and a plurality of connecting plates (602) located below the lower flat plate (601), the upper base (101) is provided with strip-shaped holes (1011) for the connecting plates (602) to pass through, the lower portions of the connecting plates (602) are connected with X-direction ball screws (162), one of the X-direction ball screws (162) is driven by a third driving motor (161), and the X-direction ball screws (162) at the lower portions of the connecting plates (602) and the strip-shaped holes (1011) corresponding to the connecting plates (602) are arranged in a staggered mode;

the upper moving platform (5) comprises an upper flat plate (501) and a lower sliding block (502) located below the upper flat plate (501), a guide groove (6011) is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate (601), and the lower sliding block (502) is in sliding fit with the guide groove (6011).

3. The near net-shape forming device of claim 1, wherein: the first connecting piece (20) comprises a ball pin seat (201), a ball pin (202) and a connecting rod (203), one end of the ball pin seat (201) is connected with one end of the workbench (9), the other end of the ball pin seat is connected and matched with the ball pin (202), the connecting rod (203) is sleeved outside the ball pin (202), and the fifth driving mechanism (19) is connected with the connecting rod (203).

4. The near net shape forming device of claim 3, wherein: the fifth driving mechanism (19) comprises a fifth driving motor (191), a fifth supporting seat (192), a fifth ball screw (193) and a fifth screw connecting piece (194), the fifth ball screw (193) is vertically arranged, the fifth driving motor (191) is used for driving the fifth ball screw (193) to rotate, the fifth supporting seat (192) is supported at two ends of the fifth ball screw (193), the fifth screw connecting piece (194) is sleeved outside the fifth ball screw (193), and the fifth screw connecting piece (194) extends from the inside of the first upright column (3) to the outside of the first upright column (3) and is connected with the first connecting piece (20); the first upright post (3) is provided with a front groove at one side close to the workbench (9), the fifth screw rod connecting piece (194) penetrates through the front groove to be hinged with the connecting rod (203), and the fifth ball screw rod (193) and the front groove are arranged in a staggered mode.

5. The near net shape device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the device further comprises at least two telescopic rods (10), a telescopic rod fixing block (12), a side plate (13) and a fixing plate (14), wherein the second driving mechanism (15) comprises a second driving motor (151) and a Y-direction ball screw (153), the telescopic rod fixing block (12), the fixing plate (14) and the second driving mechanism (15) are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the upper base (101), and the upper moving platform (5) is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block (12) through the telescopic rods (10); the two ends of the telescopic rod fixing block (12) are respectively sleeved with the fixing plate (14), the second driving motor (151) is fixed in a side hole of the upper base (101) and seals the side hole through the fixing plate (14), the second driving motor (151) is connected with the Y-direction ball screw (153) and drives the Y-direction ball screw (153) to rotate, and the Y-direction ball screw (153) drives the telescopic rod fixing block (12) to move horizontally.

6. The near net shape device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the sixth driving mechanism (18) comprises a sixth driving motor (181), a sixth supporting seat (182), a sixth ball screw (183) and a coupler (184), the two sixth ball screws (183) with opposite rotating directions are horizontally arranged and are connected through the coupler (184), the sixth driving motor (181) is used for driving the sixth ball screw (183) to rotate, the sixth supporting seat (182) is supported at the end part of the sixth ball screw (183), and the material adding module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) are respectively connected to the two sixth ball screws (183).

7. The near net shape device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the grinding material reducing module (8) comprises a grinding wheel upright post (82), a small grinding wheel (81) which is positioned outside the grinding wheel upright post (82) and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, a grinding wheel motor (85), a grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and a grinding wheel swing column (87) which are positioned in the grinding wheel upright post (82), wherein the grinding wheel motor (85) drives the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) horizontally arranged to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel (81) to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column (87) are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and the small grinding wheel (81).

8. The near net shape device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the rotating beam (90) is provided with a rotating cavity (901) penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the rotating beam (90), and the bottom of the rotating cavity (901) is horizontally provided with a suspension fixing ring (903) in the circumferential direction;

the fourth driving mechanism (22) comprises a disc bevel gear (221), a driving bevel gear (222), a suspension bracket (224), a rolling bearing (225) and a fourth driving motor (223), the suspension bracket (224) is placed on a suspension fixing ring (903), the outer wall of the suspension bracket (224) is connected with the inner wall of the rotating cavity (901) in a matched mode through the rolling bearing (225), the disc bevel gear (221) is fixed on the suspension bracket (224) and matched with the driving bevel gear (222), the fourth driving motor (223) drives the driving bevel gear (222) to rotate to drive the suspension bracket (224) to rotate, and the linkage beam (27) is fixed to the lower portion of the suspension bracket (224).

9. The near net-shape forming device of claim 8, wherein: suspension bracket (224) are including suspension support portion (2241) upper and lower surface is equipped with support circular platform portion (2242) and lower support circular platform portion (2243) respectively, linkage crossbeam (27) are fixed in lower support circular platform portion (2243) bottom, the interior pot head of disc bevel gear (221) is located support circular platform portion (2242) outside and fixed, suspension support portion (2241) is placed on hanging solid fixed ring (903), suspension support portion (2241) outer wall passes through antifriction bearing (225) and rotatory chamber (901) inner wall cooperation, has realized the rotation of suspension bracket (224).

10. A method of manufacturing a near-net-shape forming apparatus for a multi-axis and axis variable part according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench (9), starting a material increase module (7) to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module (7), melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module (8) to synchronously reduce the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (9), the material increase module (7) and the grinding material reduction module (8), moving the material increase module (7) upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (9), the additive module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) are changed in the following modes:

mode A: a fifth driving mechanism (19) is started to drive the workbench (9) to incline;

mode B: starting a sixth driving mechanism (18) to drive the material increasing module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) to synchronously and horizontally move;

mode C: starting a second driving mechanism (15) to drive the upper moving platform (5) to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a third driving mechanism (16) to drive the lower moving platform (6) to move horizontally;

mode E: a fourth driving mechanism (22) is started to drive the linkage beam (27) to rotate;

mode F: a seventh driving mechanism (43) is started to drive the rotating beam (90) to move horizontally;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating a small grinding wheel (81) of the grinding material cutting module (8) until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece; and

adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module (70), and starting the laser material reducing module (70) to emit laser to reduce the material of the side surface of the workpiece;

the specific step of moving the additive module (7) upwards comprises: a first driving mechanism (17) in a gantry crane upright post (42) is started to drive a gantry crane beam (41) to move upwards.