CN114453599A

CN114453599A - Method and device for multi-station synchronous near-net forming of spatial curved surface by increasing and decreasing materials

Info

Publication number: CN114453599A
Application number: CN202110752161.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖罡; 仪传明; 杨钦文; 李时春; 戴璐祎; 詹海鸿
Original assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2021-06-30
Publication date: 2022-05-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for multi-station synchronous near-net forming of a spatial curved surface by increasing and decreasing materials, which comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a material increasing module, a grinding material decreasing module, a laser material decreasing module and the like; the gantry crane beam can move up and down relative to the gantry crane column and can rotate relative to the inner base; the lower moving table can move horizontally relative to the lower moving table, the upper moving table can move horizontally relative to the inner base, and the moving directions of the upper moving table and the lower moving table are vertical; the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module can synchronously and horizontally move relative to a gantry crane beam; at least two first stand columns are respectively arranged on the outer sides of two end parts of the workbench and fixed on the composite moving platform, and the workbench can incline relative to the first stand columns. The invention has the advantages of compact structure and the like.

Description

Method and device for multi-station synchronous near-net forming of spatial curved surface by increasing and decreasing materials

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of desktop type laser processing equipment, in particular to a method and a device for multi-station synchronous near-net forming of a spatial curved surface by increasing and decreasing materials.

Background

In traditional laser processing equipment, carry out increase material processing earlier, subtract material processing again, increase and decrease material processing can not accomplish simultaneously, need go up unloading operation and relocation again, though there is partial increase and decrease material equipment complex at present, but there is the interference problem between each station, leads to increase and decrease material equipment complex to have certain limitation.

With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry in China, the customization demand of novel mechanical equipment is increasing day by day, and the structural integration and structural complexity degree of various parts are continuously improved. Meanwhile, in the aspect of processing high-performance complex parts, various requirements such as customization, high precision, high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, integration and integration are correspondingly provided. This provides a broad platform for development and technological improvement for additive/subtractive composite manufacturing techniques.

In order to further improve the processing precision and the surface quality of the additive forming part, a grinding processing link is required to be arranged in the material reducing process of the additive/material reducing composite manufacturing equipment. Moreover, a large amount of abrasive dust is generated during grinding, and under the condition that the sealing performance of the transmission system is insufficient, key transmission components such as a ball screw and a guide rod of the equipment are easy to accumulate abrasive dust and are seriously worn (at the moment, the abrasive dust acts as abrasive particles), so that the subsequent working precision of the equipment and the service life of the transmission system of the equipment are seriously influenced.

The existing desktop type increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing equipment lacks the consideration of protecting the inert gas in the laser material increasing process. At present, a large proportion of high-performance complex parts are all made of metal materials, and the metal materials have relatively high requirements on oxidation resistance of a specific gas environment in the process of laser additive rapid forming. Therefore, when the workpiece raw material is made of a metal material, the metal material is easily oxidized due to the lack of the protection of inert gas in the laser material increasing process, so that the forming quality of the metal material is influenced, and the method is narrow in application range and not suitable for processing the metal material. In addition, when the material is ground and cut, the splashed metal material may cause a safety hazard to an operator. The additive processing equipment of the existing additive/subtractive composite manufacturing equipment is only used for forming and manufacturing a specific or appointed material, and the consideration of composite material parts is lacked. Particularly, the material reducing processing link is really developed comprehensively with diversity and diversification. Generally, the material reducing part is only used for cutting (mainly milling) one surface in the material forming process. For part of complex parts, the parts need to be further ground after material increasing/reducing processing, but the material reducing function is not complete, so that the flexibility of the material reducing processing is lower under special working conditions. Particularly, when the parts are irregular in shape and inconsistent in height, the material increasing and decreasing processing cannot be synchronously performed, the material increasing processing and the material decreasing processing need to be separately performed, the time and the process of repeated positioning are increased, and the production efficiency is low. In summary, the existing material increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing technology and equipment design still have many defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method and a device for increasing and decreasing material multi-station synchronous near-net-shape space curved surface.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a device for multi-station synchronous near-net forming of a spatial curved surface by increasing and decreasing materials comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a gantry crane, a material increasing module, a composite moving platform, a laser material decreasing module, a grinding material decreasing module, a workbench and a first connecting piece; the fixed base comprises an inner base, an upper base and a lower base, the inner base and the upper base are positioned on the lower base, the upper base is sleeved outside the inner base, a fourth driving mechanism is arranged in the fixed base, the upper base rotates relative to the inner base under the driving of the fourth driving mechanism, the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane cross beam and a gantry crane upright, and the gantry crane upright is positioned at two ends of the gantry crane cross beam and is fixed on the upper base; the composite workbench is arranged at the inner base; a first driving mechanism for driving the gantry crane beam to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright; the composite moving platform comprises an upper moving platform and a lower moving platform, a second driving mechanism and a third driving mechanism are arranged in the inner base, the lower moving platform is connected below the upper moving platform and can horizontally move relative to the fixed base under the driving of the third driving mechanism, the upper moving platform can horizontally move relative to the fixed base under the driving of the second driving mechanism, and the horizontal moving directions of the upper moving platform and the lower moving platform are mutually vertical; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench are respectively provided with the first upright post, and the first upright posts are fixed on the upper moving table; a fifth driving mechanism for driving the end part of the workbench to move up and down is arranged in the first upright post, the fifth driving mechanism is connected with the end part of the workbench through a first connecting piece, and the different end parts of the workbench do not move up or down with unequal displacement, so that the workbench inclines; the material increasing module, the laser material reducing module and the grinding material reducing module are arranged below a gantry crane beam, a sixth driving mechanism is arranged in the gantry crane beam and used for driving the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam, and the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on a workpiece on the workbench; the laser material reducing module is used for reducing the material of the side face of the workpiece on the workbench.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the third driving mechanism comprises a third driving motor and an X-direction ball screw; the lower moving table comprises a lower flat plate and a plurality of connecting plates positioned below the lower flat plate, the upper base is provided with X-direction strip-shaped holes for the connecting plates to pass through, the lower parts of the connecting plates are connected with X-direction ball screws, one of the X-direction ball screws is driven by a third driving motor, and the X-direction ball screws at the lower parts of the connecting plates and the X-direction strip-shaped holes corresponding to the connecting plates are arranged in a staggered mode;

the upper moving platform comprises an upper flat plate and a lower sliding block located below the upper flat plate, a guide groove is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate, and the lower sliding block is in sliding fit with the guide groove.

The device also comprises a telescopic rod and telescopic rod fixing blocks, wherein the telescopic rod fixing blocks are oppositely arranged on two sides of the inner base, and the upper mobile station is connected with the upper parts of the telescopic rod fixing blocks through the telescopic rod;

second actuating mechanism includes second driving motor and Y to ball, second driving motor is used for driving Y and rotates to ball, Y is to ball and telescopic link fixed block sub-unit connection and drive telescopic link fixed block horizontal migration, interior base is seted up and is supplied the Y that the telescopic link fixed block passed to the bar hole, Y is to ball and Y to bar hole dislocation set.

The lower base comprises an inner boss and an outer boss arranged at an interval with the inner boss, the space between the outer boss and the inner boss is an accommodating space, an inner gear is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the upper base, the inner gear and a fourth driving mechanism are located in the accommodating space, the fourth driving mechanism comprises a fourth driving motor and a fourth driving gear connected to the output end of the fourth driving motor, and the fourth driving gear is in meshing transmission with the inner gear.

The sixth driving mechanism comprises a sixth driving motor, a sixth supporting seat, a sixth ball screw and a coupler, the two sixth ball screws with opposite rotating directions are horizontally arranged and are connected through the coupler, the sixth driving motor is used for driving the sixth ball screw to rotate, the sixth supporting seat is supported at the end part of the sixth ball screw, and the material adding module and the material grinding and reducing module are respectively connected onto the two sixth ball screws.

The first connecting piece comprises a ball pin seat, a ball pin and a connecting rod, one end of the ball pin seat is connected with one end of the workbench, the other end of the ball pin seat is connected and matched with the ball pin, the connecting rod is sleeved outside the ball pin, and the fifth driving mechanism is connected with the connecting rod.

The fifth driving mechanism comprises a fifth driving motor, a fifth supporting seat, a fifth ball screw and a fifth screw connecting piece, the fifth ball screw is vertically arranged, the fifth driving motor is used for driving the fifth ball screw to rotate, the fifth supporting seat is supported at two ends of the fifth ball screw, the fifth screw connecting piece is sleeved outside the fifth ball screw, and the fifth screw connecting piece extends from the inside of the first upright column to the outside of the first upright column and is connected with the first connecting piece; the first stand is close to workstation one side and has been seted up the front slot, fifth screw rod connecting piece passes the front slot and is articulated with the connecting rod, fifth ball and front slot dislocation set.

The grinding material reducing module comprises a grinding wheel upright post, a small grinding wheel, a grinding wheel motor, a grinding wheel swing shaft and a grinding wheel swing post, wherein the small grinding wheel is located outside the grinding wheel upright post and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, the grinding wheel motor, the grinding wheel swing shaft and the grinding wheel swing post are located in the grinding wheel upright post, the grinding wheel motor drives the horizontally arranged grinding wheel swing shaft to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing post are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft and the small grinding wheel.

The grinding material cutting module further comprises two conical gears which are in meshed transmission with each other, one of the conical gears is fixed on the grinding wheel swinging shaft, and the grinding wheel motor drives one of the conical gears to rotate so as to drive the grinding wheel swinging shaft to rotate.

The bottom of the grinding wheel upright post is provided with a wedge-shaped groove.

And two ends of the grinding wheel swinging shaft are fixed on the inner side wall of the grinding wheel upright post.

The grinding wheel upright column side wall is provided with a storage opening convenient to maintain and a storage door, and the storage door is used for opening and closing the storage opening.

The vibration material disk piece includes the laser head, send a first to send the raw materials to the laser head below to melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to workstation upper surface of laser head just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a first, satisfies 0 < alpha < 90.

The machining method of the device for synchronously forming the space curved surface in the near-net shape at multiple stations by increasing and decreasing materials comprises the following steps of:

placing a workpiece on a workbench, starting a material increase module to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench, the material increase module and the grinding material reduction module, moving the material increase module upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the change work piece on the workstation and the relative position of increase material module, grinding subtract material module includes the following mode:

mode A: starting a fifth driving mechanism to drive the workbench to incline;

mode B: starting a sixth driving mechanism to drive the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module to synchronously and horizontally move;

mode C: starting a second driving mechanism to drive the upper moving platform to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a third driving mechanism to drive the lower moving platform to move horizontally;

mode E: opening a fourth driving mechanism to drive the upper base to rotate so as to drive the gantry crane beam to rotate;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel of the grinding material reduction module until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece; and

adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module, and starting the laser material reducing module to emit laser to reduce the material on the side surface of the workpiece;

the specific steps of moving the additive module upwards comprise: and opening a first driving mechanism in the vertical column of the gantry crane to drive the beam of the gantry crane to move upwards.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. according to the invention, through the inclined motion of the workbench, the vertical movement of the gantry crane beam, the rotary motion of the upper base drives the rotary motion of the gantry crane beam, the synchronous horizontal motion of the material increasing module and the material reducing module is matched with the horizontal motion of the upper moving platform and the lower moving platform to drive the workbench to horizontally move, and the material is reduced on the side surface of the laser material reducing module, so that the requirement of multi-direction processing of a complex part is met, various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces, especially parts with space curved surfaces, can be processed, the rotation of a small grinding wheel is realized through the swinging of a grinding wheel shaft of the grinding material reducing module, the side wall of the part at any angle can be attached under the rotation of the grinding material reducing module, the constraint of the complex structure part on the traditional grinding process is removed, and the production flexibility of the equipment is further improved.

2. The invention designs the air-tight protective cover (namely the outer cover) with proper size performance, pays attention to the integral air tightness and protection performance of the equipment, ensures the integral air tightness of the device while completely not influencing the stability of a transmission system, is suitable for forming and processing various material parts capable of being processed by laser additive materials including metal materials, has extremely strong work adaptability aiming at diversified processing objects, and greatly expands the working service range of the equipment. The outer cover is isolated from the external environment, and can form a protective gas environment in a negative pressure state, so that the safety of operators is protected while the high-temperature oxidation of materials is prevented.

3. This device is for once installation increase and decrease material synchronous processing, compares with traditional multistation substep installation processing mode, and this equipment has saved dismantlement many times and installation work piece to and steps such as artifical transport work piece, greatly shortened operating time, improved work efficiency, reduced time cost and cost of labor.

4. The device adopts a desktop design, has a small integral structure and limited occupied space, can save a large amount of position space in work, and simultaneously has higher portability and flexibility, thereby realizing greater popularization in production.

5. During the operation of the device, the working moving path of each processing part is shorter, so that the whole processing flow is shortened, the production period of the workpiece is further shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Under the processing advantages of short flow and short period, the energy consumed by the equipment for producing a single part is synchronously reduced along with the reduction of the production period, so that the energy consumption period in the part production process is correspondingly shortened, and the requirements of low energy consumption and low emission are indirectly met.

6. The material increasing module and the material reducing module are modularized devices, so that the device is simple and convenient to replace and maintain. The device adopts the paraxial wire feeding laser melting additive manufacturing technology (the additive module is provided with a wire feeding head and a laser head, and the wire feeding head and the laser head are provided with included angles) to be compounded with the grinding wheel grinding technology (small grinding wheels for grinding the additive module and the like), the production flexibility is high, and the device has extremely high conformity with the mixed flow assembly line which is widely applied in the current manufacturing industry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the device with the cover removed according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the first driving mechanism and the gantry crane beam.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first driving mechanism in a gantry crane upright.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth driving mechanism and an additive material module and a grinding and material reducing module.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane beam.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive module.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the ground material module.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the grinding material reducing module with the grinding wheel post removed.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the fixing base and the fixing support.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixed support and the parts thereon.

Fig. 12 is a side view of the stationary support and the parts thereon (with the column cover of the first column removed).

Fig. 13 is a top view of the stationary support base and the components thereon.

Fig. 14 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is an exploded view of the first connector.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the table.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a device such as a fixed base and an upper moving table.

Fig. 19 is a top view of the stationary base.

Fig. 20 is a sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 19.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the upper base and the fourth driving mechanism.

Fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of the upper base.

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of the lower base.

Fig. 24 is a top view of the lower base.

Fig. 25 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 24.

Fig. 26 is a schematic structural view of the upper and lower moving tables and their driving mechanisms.

Fig. 27 is a structural view of another view angle of the upper and lower moving stages and their driving mechanisms.

Fig. 28 is a plan view of the upper and lower moving tables and their driving mechanisms.

Fig. 29 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic rod.

Fig. 30 is a cross-sectional view of a telescoping rod portion.

Fig. 31 is a schematic structural view of the lower moving stage.

Fig. 32 is a schematic structural view of the upper moving stage.

Fig. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser material reducing module.

FIG. 34 is a schematic view of the structure of another embodiment of the apparatus.

FIG. 35 is a schematic view of the structure of a part capable of being formed by one-time machining according to the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a fixed base; 101. an inner base; 1011. an X-direction strip-shaped hole; 1012. a Y-direction strip-shaped hole; 102. a lower base plate; 103. an upper base; 1031. a roller support; 1032. an internal gear; 1033. an upper cover; 104. a lower base; 1041. an inner boss; 1042. an outer flange; 10421. a sliding track; 105. a sliding roller; 2. a housing; 3. a first upright post; 4. a gantry crane; 41. a gantry crane beam; 411. a beam cover; 412. a mounting cavity; 413. a support plate; 414. a strip-shaped groove; 42. a gantry crane upright post; 5. an upper mobile station; 501. an upper flat plate; 5011. a plate through hole; 502. a lower slide block; 6. a lower mobile station; 601. a lower flat plate; 6011. a guide groove; 6012. a limiting block; 602. a connecting plate; 6021. a vertical plate; 6022. a transverse plate; 60221. a limiting hole; 7. an additive module; 71. a laser head; 72. feeding a filament head; 73. laser joint; 74. a material increase slide block; 75. laser upright post; 8. grinding and cutting the material module; 81. a small grinding wheel; 82. a grinding wheel column; 821. a wedge-shaped groove; 84. a column joint; 85. a grinding wheel motor; 86. a grinding wheel swing shaft; 87. a grinding wheel swing column; 88. a bevel gear; 89. a material reducing slide block; 9. a work table; 91. an extension rod; 10. a telescopic rod; 1001. an outer sleeve; 1002. an inner sleeve; 1003. an inner guide rod; 12. the telescopic rod fixing block; 15. a second drive mechanism; 151. a second drive motor; 152. a second support seat; 153. a Y-direction ball screw; 16. a third drive mechanism; 161. a third drive motor; 162. an X-direction ball screw; 163. a third support seat; 17. a first drive mechanism; 171. a first drive motor; 172. a first support base; 173. a first ball screw; 174. a first lead screw connection; 18. a sixth drive mechanism; 181. a sixth drive motor; 182. a sixth supporting seat; 183. a sixth ball screw; 184. a coupling; 19. a fifth drive mechanism; 191. a fifth drive motor; 192. a fifth supporting seat; 193. a fifth ball screw; 194. a fifth lead screw connector; 20. a first connecting member; 201. a ball pin seat; 202. a ball stud; 203. a connecting rod; 21. fixing the supporting seat; 23. a wire feeding module; 24. a fourth drive mechanism; 241. a fourth drive motor; 242. a fourth drive gear; 26. a material fixing mechanism; 261. a small roller; 262. a small roller support; 70. laser subtracts material module.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 33, the device for increasing and decreasing material multi-station synchronous near-net-shape forming of a spatial curved surface in this embodiment includes a fixed base 1, a first column 3, a gantry crane 4, a material increasing module 7, a composite moving platform, a laser material decreasing module 70, a grinding material decreasing module 8, a workbench 9, and a first connecting member 20; the fixed base 1 comprises an inner base 101, an upper base 103 and a lower base 104, the inner base 101 and the upper base 103 are positioned on the lower base 104, the upper base 103 is sleeved outside the inner base 101, a fourth driving mechanism 24 is arranged in the fixed base 1, the upper base 103 rotates relative to the inner base 101 under the driving of the fourth driving mechanism 24, the gantry crane 4 comprises a gantry crane cross beam 41 and a gantry crane upright post 42, and the gantry crane upright post 42 is positioned at two ends of the gantry crane cross beam 41 and is fixed on the upper base 103; the composite mobile platform is arranged at the inner base 101; a first driving mechanism 17 for driving the gantry crane beam 41 to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright post 42; the composite moving platform comprises an upper moving platform 5 and a lower moving platform 6, a second driving mechanism 15 and a third driving mechanism 16 are arranged in an inner base 101, the lower moving platform 6 is connected below the upper moving platform 5 and can horizontally move relative to the fixed base 1 under the driving of the third driving mechanism 16, the upper moving platform 5 can horizontally move relative to the fixed base 1 under the driving of the second driving mechanism 15, and the horizontal moving directions of the upper moving platform 5 and the lower moving platform 6 are perpendicular to each other; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench 9 are respectively provided with a first upright post 3, and the first upright posts 3 are fixed on a fixed supporting seat 21; a fifth driving mechanism 19 for driving the end part of the workbench 9 to move up and down is arranged in the first upright post 3, the fifth driving mechanism 19 is connected with the end part of the workbench 9 through a first connecting piece 20, and the displacement of different end parts of the workbench 9 moving up or down is unequal, so that the workbench 9 is inclined; the material increasing module 7, the laser material reducing module 70 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are arranged below a gantry crane beam 41, a sixth driving mechanism 18 is arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, the sixth driving mechanism 18 is used for driving the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam 41, and the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on a workpiece on the workbench 9; the laser material reducing module 70 is used for reducing the material of the side surface of the workpiece.

The invention depends on the inclined motion of the workbench 9, the rotary motion of the upper base 103 drives the gantry crane beam 41 to rotate so as to drive the additive module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to rotate, the horizontal motion of the upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table rotates the additive module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to any direction of a workpiece, and the synchronous horizontal motion of the additive module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 and the laser material reducing of the laser material reducing module 70 are matched, so that the requirement of multi-direction processing of complex parts is met, and various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces, in particular to parts containing space curved surfaces, can be processed. The material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 on the gantry crane beam 41 can move along the gantry crane beam 41, so that the degree of freedom of the working module is greatly widened, and the production flexibility of the whole equipment is improved.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a first driving mechanism 17 is installed in the gantry crane column 42, and the first driving mechanism 17 is used for driving the gantry crane beam 41 to move up and down. The first driving mechanism 17 includes a first driving motor 171, a first supporting base 172, a first ball screw 173, a first screw connecting piece 174, the first ball screw 173 is vertically disposed, the first driving motor 171 is used for driving the first ball screw 173 to rotate, the first supporting base 172 is supported at the end of the first ball screw 173, the first screw connecting piece 174 is sleeved outside the first ball screw 173, and the first screw connecting piece 174 extends from inside the gantry crane column 42 to outside the gantry crane column 42 and is connected with the end of the gantry crane beam 41.

The movement of the gantry beam 41 in the Z-axis direction is controlled by a first ball screw 173 in the gantry column 42. The gantry crane beam 41 drives the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move up and down in the Z-axis direction under the fixing and driving action of the first lead screw connectors 174 on the two sides. In this embodiment, the first driving mechanism 17 is located at the upper half of the gantry crane column 42, and the first driving motor 171 is a servo motor and drives two first ball screws 173, respectively. The upper half part of a gantry crane upright post 42 is provided with an upright post inner hole, the first driving mechanism 17 is positioned in the upright post inner hole, one side of the gantry crane upright post 42, which is close to a gantry crane beam 41, is provided with a front groove for a first screw rod connecting piece 174 to pass through, the front groove is communicated with the upright post inner hole, and the front groove and a first ball screw rod 173 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that abrasive dust is prevented from directly entering the front groove to influence the transmission of the first driving mechanism 17. The column bore is divided into two sections by a horizontally disposed partition, one section accommodating the first drive motor 171 and the other section accommodating other important parts of the first drive mechanism 17.

As shown in fig. 5, a sixth driving mechanism 18 is arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, and the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 are mounted at the lower part of the gantry crane beam 41 and synchronously horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam 41 under the driving of the sixth driving mechanism 18.

The sixth driving mechanism 18 includes a sixth driving motor 181, a sixth supporting seat 182, a sixth ball screw 183, a sixth screw nut and a coupling 184, the two sixth ball screws 183 with opposite rotation directions are horizontally disposed and connected through the coupling 184, the sixth driving motor 181 is configured to drive the sixth ball screw 183 to rotate, the sixth supporting seat 182 is supported at the end of the sixth ball screw 183, the two sixth screw nuts are respectively sleeved outside the sixth ball screw 183, and the sixth screw nut is respectively connected to the material adding module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8.

As shown in fig. 7, a hollow installation cavity 412 is arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, a support plate 413 is vertically arranged in the installation cavity 412, the support plate 413 is used for supporting the coupler 184, the gantry crane beam 41 is provided with a beam cover 411 at one side far away from the material increase module 7 and the grinding material decrease module 8, one side close to the material increase module 7 and the grinding material decrease module 8 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 414, the strip-shaped groove 414 and the sixth ball screw 183 are arranged in a staggered manner, and abrasion chips are prevented from directly entering the installation cavity 412 and being adhered to the sixth ball screw 183 to affect transmission.

The additive material module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 share the same sixth driving mechanism 18 of the same gantry crane beam 41. When the sixth driving motor 181 is activated, the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 move close to or away from each other, and move towards or away from each other as a whole. Each sixth driving mechanism 18 includes a sixth ball screw 183, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively assembled on the sixth ball screws 183 with opposite rotation directions, the sixth ball screws 183 include two horizontal screws, the coupling 184 is an elastic coupling, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively mounted on the two horizontal screws through sixth screw nuts, and the rotation directions of the two sixth screw nuts are opposite (the rotation directions of the sixth screw nuts are the same as the rotation directions of the respective horizontal screws). The sixth driving motor 181 drives one of the horizontal lead screws to rotate, and transmits torque to the other horizontal lead screw through the elastic coupling. When the sixth driving motor 181 rotates forward, the two sixth screw nuts on the horizontal screw gradually approach to each other; when the sixth driving motor 181 rotates reversely, the two sixth lead screw nuts on the horizontal lead screw gradually move away. The gantry crane beam 41 is connected with the horizontal lead screw through a sixth driving motor 181 in a transmission manner, and two sixth lead screw nuts which are in reverse fit are controlled to move in opposite directions, so that the linkage effect of the material increase module 7 and the material grinding and reduction module 8 is realized.

In other embodiments, two sixth driving motors 181 are used to drive the additive material module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 on the same gantry crane beam 41, the sixth ball screws 183 of the two sixth driving mechanisms 18 have opposite rotation directions and do not have couplings 184, and the sixth driving motors 181 in the gantry crane beam 41 are used to control the movement of the additive material module 7 or the grinding material reducing module 8 in the horizontal direction. Two sets of sixth driving mechanisms 18 are arranged in one gantry crane beam 41 and used for controlling the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively, and compared with the method that the same sixth driving mechanism 18 is adopted to drive the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 simultaneously, the two sets of sixth driving mechanisms 18 reduce the bearing capacity of each sixth ball screw 183 and enhance the positioning accuracy and stability in the process of working.

As shown in fig. 7, the additive module 7 includes a laser head 71, a wire feeding head 72, a laser joint 73, an additive slider 74, and a laser column 75, the additive slider 74 is connected and matched with a sixth screw nut on a sixth ball screw 183, the laser joint 73 is connected between the additive slider 74 and the laser column 75, and the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 are located below the laser column 75. In other embodiments, the additive slider 74 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads, the through hole is sleeved on the sixth ball screw 183, and the additive slider 74 passes through the gantry crane beam 41 from the sixth ball screw 183 to be connected with the laser joint 73.

The material fixing mechanism 26 is arranged above the feeding port of the wire feeding head 72, the material fixing mechanism 26 comprises a small roller bracket 262 and two small rollers 261, and the two small rollers 261 are supported on the small roller bracket 262 and used for positioning the raw material wires. And a round groove with the size equivalent to that of the wire is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261 of the sizing mechanism 26, so that the accuracy is enhanced.

When the laser emitter emits laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of a workpiece, the wire feeding module 23 synchronously feeds wires, and materials are fed into the molten pool, so that the processing efficiency is improved, and the synchronous wire feeding during material increase processing is realized. A small roller 261 is arranged on the wire feeding head 72, a round groove equivalent to wires is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261, accuracy is enhanced, and wire feeding holes for raw wires to pass through are formed in the upper portion of the wire feeding head 72 below the two small rollers 261.

According to the invention, through the circular motion executed by the gantry crane beam 41, the translational motion of the upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table 6, the tilting motion of the workbench 9, the laser material reduction of the laser material reduction module 70 and the reasonable matching of the angle alpha adjustment of the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 in the material increase module 7, the horizontal motion of the material increase module 7 and the grinding material reduction module 8 on the gantry crane beam 41 (synchronous linkage can be executed between the two modules, and independent motion of the two modules can also be executed, and the relative motion mode is very flexible), and the real-time synchronous processing of two material increase and material reduction stations (the two stations keep the distance of half revolution period of the revolution body, and extra station adjustment is not needed) of a complex structural part can be effectively realized. The synchronous processing mode can flexibly and efficiently finish high-precision material reduction processing of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of a complex structural member, strictly controls the height of the mass center of the whole equipment to improve the stability under the reasonable motion matching and transmission arrangement design of independent control of multiple degrees of freedom, basically realizes gapless fusion of two stations, saves a large amount of working hours and energy consumption required by station conversion, further shortens the processing flow and the production period, and highlights the advantages of short flow and near-net forming of the synchronous composite processing method of multi-station integration.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the grinding material reducing module 8 includes a small grinding wheel 81, a grinding wheel upright 82, an upright joint 84, a grinding wheel swing shaft 86, a grinding wheel swing column 87, two bevel gears 88 and a material reducing slide block 89 which are meshed with each other for transmission, the material reducing slide block 89 is connected with a sixth ball screw 183, the upper end of the upright joint 84 is connected with the material reducing slide block 89, the lower end of the upright joint 84 is connected with the grinding wheel upright 82, a grinding wheel motor 85 is coaxial with one of the bevel gears 88, the other bevel gear 88 is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel upright 82 through the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 which is transversely arranged, the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 is vertically connected with the grinding wheel swing column 87, and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column 87 is connected with the small grinding wheel 81, so that the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 is driven to realize the swing of the small grinding wheel 81, thereby enhancing the milling precision of a curved surface to meet the angle of the side surface of a workpiece for grinding processing.

In other embodiments, the material reducing sliding block 89 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads, the through hole is sleeved outside the sixth ball screw 183, and the material reducing sliding block 89 passes through the gantry crane beam 41 from the sixth ball screw 183 to be connected with the column joint 84. The bottom of the grinding wheel column 82 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove 821, which not only ensures the rotation of the small grinding wheel 81, but also plays a certain sealing role.

The laser upright column 75 and the grinding wheel upright column 82 are in modular design, and are convenient to install, maintain and replace.

As shown in fig. 18 to 32, the third driving mechanism 16 includes a third driving motor 161 fixed at a lower portion of the inner base 101 and at least one X-direction ball screw 162, the lower moving stage 6 includes a lower plate 601 and a plurality of connecting plates 602 located below the lower plate 601, the inner base 101 is provided with an X-direction strip-shaped hole 1011 for the connecting plate 602 to pass through, a lower portion of the connecting plate 602 is connected with the X-direction ball screw 162, the at least one X-direction ball screw 162 is driven by the third driving motor 161, and the X-direction ball screw 162 at the lower portion of the connecting plate 602 is disposed in a staggered manner with the X-direction strip-shaped hole 1011 corresponding to the connecting plate 602; the upper moving table 5 comprises an upper flat plate 501 and a lower sliding block 502 positioned below the upper flat plate 501, a guide groove 6011 is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate 601, and the lower sliding block 502 is in sliding fit with the guide groove 6011. The upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table 6 form a multi-axial compound transmission motion form through the sliding fit of the lower slide block 502 and the guide groove 6011.

As shown in fig. 23 to 25, the lower base 104 includes an inner boss 1041 and an outer boss 1042 arranged at an interval with the inner boss 1041, a space between the outer boss 1042 and the inner boss 1041 is a receiving space, the height of the inner boss 1041 is lower than that of the outer boss 1042, and a sliding rail 10421 is arranged on the inner sidewall of the outer boss 1042. In this embodiment, the upper base 103 is annular, an inner gear 1032 is disposed at the inner side of the bottom of the upper base 103, the inner gear 1032 and the fourth driving mechanism 24 are located in the accommodating space, the fourth driving mechanism 24 includes a fourth driving motor 241 and a fourth driving gear 242 connected to the output end of the fourth driving motor 241, the fourth driving gear 242 is driven by the fourth driving motor 241, and the fourth driving gear 242 and the inner gear 1032 are engaged for transmission, so as to realize the rotation motion of the upper base 103 relative to the lower base 104.

A roller support 1031 is disposed on the outer side wall of the upper base 103, the roller support 1031 is used for supporting the sliding roller 105, the sliding roller 105 slides on the sliding rail 10421, an upper cover 1033 is disposed on the upper portion of the upper base 103, the upper cover 1033 is disposed on the outer flange 1042, and separates the sliding roller 105 and the sliding rail 10421 from the outside, so as to prevent the wear debris from entering the sliding rail 10421.

As shown in fig. 20, the fixing base 1 further comprises a lower base plate 102, the lower base plate 102 is located between the inner base 101 and the inner boss 1041, on one hand, separates and seals the fourth driving mechanism 24 and other mechanisms in the accommodating space from the second driving mechanism 15 and the third driving mechanism 16 and other mechanisms in the inner base 101, and on the other hand, provides support for the inner base 101.

According to the invention, parts such as the third driving motor 161, the X-direction ball screw 162 and the like are arranged in the inner base 101 in a moving manner, so that the mass is concentrated under the inner base 101, the gravity center of the whole device of the device is lowered, the moving load of a workbench is reduced, and the effects of high efficiency and energy saving are realized while the stability of the device is improved; the independent uniaxial movement of the composite moving platform is adopted to realize the positioning of the workpiece at any point in the working plane, the current situation of single-degree-of-freedom movement of the traditional moving platform is broken through, and the design of a driving system of a processing module is simplified; furthermore, the X-direction strip-shaped holes 1011 of the X-direction ball screw 162 corresponding to the connecting plate 602 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that even if grinding chips fall into the X-direction strip-shaped holes 1011 during grinding, the grinding chips fall down along with the X-direction strip-shaped holes 1011, the movement of the X-direction ball screw 162 for transmission is not influenced, and the service life of the transmission part is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 31, in the present embodiment, the connecting plate 602 includes a horizontal plate 6022 and a vertical plate 6021, one end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to the lower plate 601, the other end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to one end of the horizontal plate 6022, the other end of the horizontal plate 6022 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 162, and the third driving motor 161 is connected to one end of one of the X-direction ball screws 162 and drives the X-direction ball screw 162 to rotate, so as to drive the horizontal plate 6022 to move in the X direction.

The horizontal plate 6022 has a stopper hole 60221 formed on a side thereof closer to the X-direction ball screw 162, and the stopper hole 60221 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 162 in a concave-convex engagement. In this embodiment, there is a common X-direction ball screw 162, the X-direction ball screw 162 located in the middle is connected to the third driving motor 161 and driven by the third driving motor 161, and serves as a driving member, and the X-direction screw screws located on both sides serve as driven members and play a certain supporting role. In this embodiment, the output end of the third driving motor 161 directly drives the X-direction ball screw 162. In other embodiments, the output end of the third driving motor 161 is connected with a gear, and the end of the X-direction ball screw 162 is provided with a gear, so that transmission is realized through the cooperation of the gear and the gear.

The X-direction ball screw 162 is fixed below the inner base 101 by a third support base 163. In this embodiment, the third supporting seat 163 is made of a rubber material.

The lower moving stage 6 further includes a stopper 6012, and the stopper 6012 is installed at one end of the guide groove 6011 and is used to block the movement of the lower slider 502. In this embodiment, the guide groove 6011 is a dovetail groove, the lower slider 502 is a dovetail slider, and the dovetail groove and the dovetail slider are connected to help the guide positioning and the supporting, and the limiting block 6012 is a rubber block.

The device also comprises a telescopic rod 10 and a telescopic rod fixing block 12, wherein the telescopic rod fixing block 12 is oppositely arranged at two sides of the inner base 101, and the upper moving platform 5 is connected with the upper part of the telescopic rod fixing block 12 through the telescopic rod 10; the second driving mechanism 15 comprises a second driving motor 151 and a Y-direction ball screw 153, a Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012 for the telescopic rod fixing block 12 to pass through is formed in the inner base 101, the second driving motor 151 and the Y-direction ball screw 153 are fixed in the inner base 101, the second driving motor 151 is used for driving the Y-direction ball screw 153 to rotate, the Y-direction ball screw 153 is connected with the lower portion of the telescopic rod fixing block 12 and drives the telescopic rod fixing block 12 to move along the Y direction, the Y-direction ball screw 153 and the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012 are arranged in a staggered mode, even if grinding dust falls into the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012, the grinding dust falls down along with the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012, the movement of the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012 for transmission cannot be influenced, and the service life of the transmission part is prolonged. In this embodiment, a bevel gear is connected to an output end of the second driving motor 151, a bevel gear is connected to an end of the Y-direction ball screw 153, and the two bevel gears are in meshing transmission.

The Y-direction ball screw 153 is disposed below the inner base 101, has an extended stroke, and is slidable therein. In this embodiment, the Y-direction ball screw 153 is fixed below the inner base 101 through the second support seat 152. In this embodiment, the second supporting seat 152 is made of rubber material. The X-direction strip-shaped hole 1011 and the Y-direction strip-shaped hole 1012 are clamped by two pieces of rubber to realize relative sealing.

As shown in fig. 29 and 30, the telescopic rod 10 includes an inner guide rod 1003, a plurality of outer sleeves 1001 and inner sleeves 1002, the outer sleeves 1001 and the inner sleeves 1002 are both sleeved outside the inner guide rod 1003 and symmetrically arranged along the upper moving stage 5, the inner guide rod 1003 passes through the upper moving stage 5 and is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, one end of the outer sleeve 1001 is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, the other end is sleeved outside or inside the inner sleeve 1002 and is in sliding fit with the inner sleeve 1002, and the other end of the inner sleeve 1002 is connected with one side of the upper moving stage 5. In this embodiment, the inner sleeve 1002 and the outer sleeve 1001 of the telescopic rod 10 are both hollow to realize sleeve joint, and the outer sleeve 1001 and the inner sleeve 1002 are installed outside the inner guide rod 1003 of the telescopic rod 10 to realize totally-enclosed lubrication of a complex transmission system, so that the inner guide rod 1003 coated with lubricating oil is isolated from the external working environment, and infiltration and accumulation of abrasive dust are prevented. On one hand, the abrasive dust is prevented from being accumulated in a transmission system, the transmission system is prevented from being worn, and the service life of the transmission system is prolonged; on the other hand, the equipment transmission and the machining precision are improved, and integrated machining is realized.

As shown in fig. 32, in this embodiment, two sides of the upper plate 501 are provided with plate through holes 5011 for the telescopic rod 10 to pass through.

The lower moving stage 6 is driven by a third driving motor 161 connected to an X-direction ball screw 162 below the stationary base 1, and drives the upper moving stage 5 to move in the X-axis direction. The upper and lower moving

stages

5 and 6 are fixed relatively in the X-axis direction. The upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table 6 are matched and fixed with the dovetail slide block through two dovetail grooves, the upper moving table 5 is driven by a telescopic rod 10 in the X-axis direction to realize the motion in the Y-axis direction, and the dovetail grooves of the lower moving table 6 play a role in guiding. The telescopic rods 10 driving the upper moving table 5 are fixed on the telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 at both sides, and are respectively located at both sides of the moving interval of the lower moving table 6, and the telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 are driven by a second driving motor 151 and a Y-direction ball screw 153 below the fixed base 1. The upper moving table 5 fixes the workpiece, and on the one hand, the workpiece is moved in the X, Y axial direction in the base plane through the above transmission mechanism, so that the workpiece can be located at any position in the processing area plane. On the other hand, when a revolving body part with a curve central axis is machined, X, Y axis direction movement in the base plane can adjust and ensure the superposition of the work center after the worktable 9 inclines and the material adding and reducing machining center, and avoid positioning errors caused after the worktable 9 inclines.

As shown in fig. 11 to 17, the first connecting member 20 includes a ball pin seat 201, a ball pin 202, and a connecting rod 203, one end of the ball pin seat 201 is connected to one end of the workbench 9, the other end is connected to and matched with the ball pin 202, the connecting rod 203 is sleeved outside the ball pin 202, and the fifth driving mechanism 19 is connected to the connecting rod 203. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 203 is made of an elastic material, can elastically extend along the length direction, and is in threaded connection with the ball stud 202.

As shown in fig. 17, extension bars 91 are provided at least at both ends of the table 9, and the extension bars 91 are connected to the ball pin base 201. In this embodiment, four first columns 3 are included, a fifth driving mechanism 19 for driving four end portions of the working table 9 is respectively disposed in each first column 3, the fifth driving mechanism 19 independently drives the extension rods 91 corresponding to the working table 9, and the working table 9 is inclined at different angles by moving different extension rods 91 in different distances in the height direction. In other embodiments, the workbench 9 may be provided with different numbers of extension rods 91 to achieve different inclination angles according to the complexity of the parts.

In this embodiment, be fixed in on the mobile station 5 through a fixed support seat 21, first stand 3 bottom is connected fixedly with fixed support seat 21, workstation 9 sets up and sets up about machining center symmetry with fixed support seat 21 interval, workstation 9 sets up with fixed support seat 21 interval, prevent on the one hand that mobile station 5 size undersize is gone up, be not enough to place a plurality of first stands 3 and workstation 9, the restriction of mobile station 5 size has been broken through on the other hand, on the other hand be convenient for whole replacement not equidimension first stand 3 and workstation 9.

As shown in fig. 12, the fifth driving mechanism 19 includes a fifth driving motor 191, a fifth supporting seat 192, a fifth ball screw 193 and a fifth screw connection element 194, the fifth ball screw 193 is vertically disposed, the fifth driving motor 191 is used for driving the fifth ball screw 193 to rotate, the fifth supporting seat 192 is supported at two ends of the fifth ball screw 193, the fifth screw connection element 194 is sleeved on the fifth ball screw 193, and the fifth screw connection element 194 extends from the first vertical column 3 to the outside of the first vertical column 3 and is connected to the first connection element 20.

In this embodiment, the first column 3 has a column front groove on one side close to the working table 9, the column front groove is used for the fifth screw rod connecting piece 194 to pass through, the column front groove is communicated with the inner hole of the first column 3, and the column front groove and the fifth ball screw rod 193 are arranged in a staggered manner, so as to prevent the grinding dust from affecting the transmission of the fifth driving mechanism 19.

The fifth screw rod connecting piece 194 is hinged with the connecting rod 203.

The movement of each end of the table 9 in the Z-axis direction is controlled by the fifth ball screw 193 in the first column 3, and the tilt movement of the table 9 is realized by the difference in the movement distance of the different ends in the Z-axis direction. The fixing and driving action of the fifth screw rod connecting piece 194 drives each end of the workbench 9 to move up and down in the Z-axis direction. In this embodiment, the fifth driving motor 191 is a servo motor and drives the fifth ball screw 193. An inner hole is formed in the first upright post 3, the fifth driving mechanism 19 is located in the inner hole, a front groove for the fifth screw rod connecting piece 194 to pass through is formed in one side, close to the workbench 9, of the first upright post 3, the front groove is communicated with the inner hole, the front groove and the fifth ball screw rod 193 are arranged in a staggered mode, and grinding dust is prevented from directly entering the front groove to affect transmission of the fifth driving mechanism 19. The bore is divided into two parts by a horizontally disposed partition plate, one part accommodating the fifth drive motor 191 and the other part accommodating other important parts of the fifth drive mechanism 19.

As shown in fig. 1, the device further comprises an outer cover 2, wherein the outer cover 2 is fixed on the fixed base 1, and separates the upper moving table 5, the lower moving table 6, the grinding material reducing module 8, the material increasing module 7 and the gantry crane 4 from the outside. In this embodiment, unable adjustment base 1 top cover is equipped with dustcoat 2, has seted up on dustcoat 2 and has put the thing mouth (not shown in the figure), puts and installs the thing door of putting that can close and open the thing mouth on putting the thing mouth. In this embodiment, dustcoat 2 is the translucent cover, is convenient for observe the behavior of core unit, and on the other hand, dustcoat 2 is used for sealed protection core unit, and operational environment and external environment in isolated equipment improve processingquality and operating personnel security.

The outer cover 2 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet for vacuumizing or introducing protective gas into the outer cover 2. In this embodiment, the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively and oppositely disposed on the sidewall of the housing 2 and respectively disposed near the upper portion and the lower portion of the housing 2. Generally, inert gas or protective gas such as carbon dioxide is heavier than air, an air inlet is arranged at the lower part, an air outlet is arranged at the upper part, slow air inlet is kept during the processing, and the inside of the outer cover 2 is in a negative high-pressure state.

The wire feeding module 23 is arranged above the gantry crane beam 41, the wire feeding module 23 comprises a feeding roller, two ends of the feeding roller are supported on the gantry crane upright post 42, raw wire materials are wound on the feeding roller in working, and the raw wire materials are synchronously conveyed to the material increasing module 7 according to the processing progress.

As shown in fig. 33, the laser material reducing module 70 includes a material reducing laser head and a material reducing support member at two end portions of the gantry crane beam 42, one end of the material reducing support member is connected to the gantry crane beam 41, the other end of the material reducing laser head is connected to the material reducing laser head, the material reducing laser head can rotate on the YZ plane relative to the material reducing support member, an angle between a laser emission direction of the material reducing laser head and a horizontal direction is in a range of-90 ° to 90 °, and can perform laser material reduction on a place where the material reducing module 8 cannot be ground, especially when a groove with a downward opening is formed on an outer surface of a target product and the material reduction needs to be performed on the groove surface.

When the outer surface of the target product is provided with a groove or a side hole with a downward opening and the surface of the groove needs to be subjected to material reduction, the laser emission direction of the material reduction laser head is adjusted, and the material reduction laser head is opened to emit laser to perform laser material reduction processing on the side surface of the workpiece.

In the present invention, the longitudinal direction of the X-direction ball screw 162 is defined as the X-direction, the longitudinal direction of the Y-direction ball screw 153 is defined as the Y-direction, and the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the hybrid moving platform is defined as the Z-direction (i.e., the longitudinal direction of the gantry crane column 42).

The processing method of the device for increasing and decreasing the material multi-station synchronous near-net-shape space curved surface comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench 9, starting a material increase module 7 to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module 7, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module 8 to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench 9, the material increase module 7 and the grinding material reduction module 8, moving the material increase module 7 upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the worktable 9 and the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 comprises the following modes:

mode A: the fifth driving mechanism 19 is started to drive the workbench 9 to incline;

mode B: starting a sixth driving mechanism 18 to drive the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 to synchronously move horizontally;

mode C: starting a second driving mechanism 15 to drive the upper moving table 5 to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a third driving mechanism 16 to drive the lower moving platform 6 to move horizontally;

mode E: the fourth driving mechanism 24 is started to drive the upper base 103 to rotate so as to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to rotate;

the material reducing processing specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel 81 of the grinding material cutting module 8 until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side surface of the workpiece to grind the side surface of the workpiece; and

and adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module 70, and starting the laser material reducing module 70 to emit laser to reduce the material of the side surface of the workpiece.

The specific steps of moving additive module 7 upward include: and opening the first driving mechanism 17 in the gantry crane upright post 42 to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to move upwards.

The invention can synchronously process and form complex parts with space curved surfaces at one time or comprises circular arc curved surface type parts which are difficult to process, in particular parts with side holes or grooves on the side surfaces, the structural schematic diagram of the parts is shown in fig. 35, fig. 35(a) is the structural schematic diagram of a typical part, fig. 35(b) is the front view of the typical part, fig. 35(c) is the top view of the typical part, fig. 35(d) is the structural schematic diagram of another typical part, fig. 35(e) is the half-section front view of another typical part, and fig. 35(f) is the bottom view of another typical part.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 34, the apparatus of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1 except that:

the number of the gantry crane cross beams 41 in this embodiment is two, the material increase module 7 and the material grinding and reduction module 8 are respectively driven by two independent sixth driving mechanisms 18, and two first driving mechanisms 17 are arranged in the gantry crane upright column 42 and are respectively used for driving the gantry crane cross beams 41 to move up and down.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a device of synchronous nearly net shaping space curved surface of increase and decrease material multistation which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed base (1), a first upright post (3), a gantry crane (4), a material increasing module (7), a composite moving platform, a laser material reducing module (70), a grinding material reducing module (8), a workbench (9), a first connecting piece (20) and a fixed support seat (21);

the fixed base (1) comprises an inner base (101), an upper base (103) and a lower base (104), the inner base (101) and the upper base (103) are located on the lower base (104), the upper base (103) is sleeved on the outer side of the inner base (101), a fourth driving mechanism (24) is arranged in the fixed base (1), the upper base (103) rotates relative to the inner base (101) under the driving of the fourth driving mechanism (24), the gantry crane (4) comprises a gantry crane cross beam (41) and a gantry crane upright column (42), and the gantry crane upright column (42) is located at two ends of the gantry crane cross beam (41) and is fixed on the upper base (103); the composite workbench is arranged at the inner base (101); a first driving mechanism (17) for driving the gantry crane beam (41) to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright column (42);

the composite moving platform comprises an upper moving platform (5) and a lower moving platform (6), a second driving mechanism (15) and a third driving mechanism (16) are arranged in the inner base (101), the lower moving platform (6) is connected below the upper moving platform (5) and can horizontally move relative to the fixed base (1) under the driving of the third driving mechanism (16), the upper moving platform (5) can horizontally move relative to the fixed base (1) under the driving of the second driving mechanism (15), and the horizontal moving directions of the upper moving platform (5) and the lower moving platform (6) are perpendicular to each other;

the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench (9) are respectively provided with the first upright posts (3), and the first upright posts (3) are fixed on the upper moving platform (5); a fifth driving mechanism (19) for driving the end part of the workbench (9) to move up and down is arranged in the first upright post (3), the fifth driving mechanism (19) is connected with the end part of the workbench (9) through a first connecting piece (20), and the displacement of the different end parts of the workbench (9) moving upwards or downwards is unequal, so that the workbench (9) is inclined;

the material increasing module (7), the laser material reducing module (70) and the grinding material reducing module (8) are arranged below a gantry crane beam (41), a sixth driving mechanism (18) is arranged in the gantry crane beam (41), the sixth driving mechanism (18) is used for driving the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam (41), and the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on a workpiece on the workbench (9); the laser material reducing module (70) is used for reducing the material of the side face of a workpiece on the workbench (9).

2. The device for synchronously forming a space curved surface by increasing or decreasing materials in a multi-station manner according to claim 1, wherein: the third driving mechanism (16) comprises a third driving motor (161) and an X-direction ball screw (162); the lower moving table (6) comprises a lower flat plate (601) and a plurality of connecting plates (602) located below the lower flat plate (601), the upper base (103) is provided with X-direction strip-shaped holes (1011) for the connecting plates (602) to pass through, the lower portions of the connecting plates (602) are connected with X-direction ball screws (162), one of the X-direction ball screws (162) is driven by a third driving motor (161), and the X-direction ball screws (162) at the lower portions of the connecting plates (602) are arranged in a staggered mode with the X-direction strip-shaped holes (1011) corresponding to the connecting plates (602);

the upper moving platform (5) comprises an upper flat plate (501) and a lower sliding block (502) located below the upper flat plate (501), a guide groove (6011) is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate (601), and the lower sliding block (502) is in sliding fit with the guide groove (6011).

3. The device for synchronously forming a space curved surface in a near-net shape by increasing or decreasing material multi-stations according to claim 2, wherein: the device further comprises a telescopic rod (10) and telescopic rod fixing blocks (12), wherein the telescopic rod fixing blocks (12) are oppositely arranged on two sides of the inner base (101), and the upper moving platform (5) is connected with the upper parts of the telescopic rod fixing blocks (12) through the telescopic rod (10);

second actuating mechanism (15) include second driving motor (151) and Y to ball (153), second driving motor (151) are used for driving Y to ball (153) rotation, Y is to ball (153) and telescopic link fixed block (12) sub-unit connection and drive telescopic link fixed block (12) horizontal migration, interior base (101) are seted up and are supplied Y that telescopic link fixed block (12) passed to bar hole (1012), Y is to ball (153) and Y to bar hole (1012) dislocation set.

4. The device for synchronously forming a space curved surface in a near-net shape by increasing or decreasing material multi-stations according to claim 1, wherein: the lower base (104) comprises an inner boss (1041) and an outer flange (1042) arranged at an interval with the inner boss (1041), a space between the outer flange (1042) and the inner boss (1041) is a containing space, an inner gear (1032) is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the upper base (103), the inner gear (1032) and a fourth driving mechanism (24) are located in the containing space, the fourth driving mechanism (24) comprises a fourth driving motor (241) and a fourth driving gear (242) connected to the output end of the fourth driving motor (241), and the fourth driving gear (242) and the inner gear (1032) are in meshing transmission.

5. The device for increasing and decreasing the material multi-station synchronous near-net-shape space curved surface according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the sixth driving mechanism (18) comprises a sixth driving motor (181), a sixth supporting seat (182), a sixth ball screw (183) and a coupler (184), the two sixth ball screws (183) with opposite rotating directions are horizontally arranged and are connected through the coupler (184), the sixth driving motor (181) is used for driving the sixth ball screw (183) to rotate, the sixth supporting seat (182) is supported at the end part of the sixth ball screw (183), and the material adding module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) are respectively connected to the two sixth ball screws (183).

6. The device for increasing and decreasing the material multi-station synchronous near-net-shape space curved surface according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the first connecting piece (20) comprises a ball pin seat (201), a ball pin (202) and a connecting rod (203), one end of the ball pin seat (201) is connected with one end of the workbench (9), the other end of the ball pin seat is connected and matched with the ball pin (202), the connecting rod (203) is sleeved outside the ball pin (202), and the fifth driving mechanism (19) is connected with the connecting rod (203).

7. The device for synchronously forming a space curved surface in a near-net shape by increasing or decreasing material multi-stations according to claim 6, wherein: the fifth driving mechanism (19) comprises a fifth driving motor (191), a fifth supporting seat (192), a fifth ball screw (193) and a fifth screw connecting piece (194), the fifth ball screw (193) is vertically arranged, the fifth driving motor (191) is used for driving the fifth ball screw (193) to rotate, the fifth supporting seat (192) is supported at two ends of the fifth ball screw (193), the fifth screw connecting piece (194) is sleeved outside the fifth ball screw (193), and the fifth screw connecting piece (194) extends from the inside of the first upright column (3) to the outside of the first upright column (3) and is connected with the first connecting piece (20); the first upright post (3) is provided with a front groove at one side close to the workbench (9), the fifth screw rod connecting piece (194) penetrates through the front groove to be hinged with the connecting rod (203), and the fifth ball screw rod (193) and the front groove are arranged in a staggered mode.

8. The device for increasing and decreasing the material multi-station synchronous near-net-shape space curved surface according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the grinding material reducing module comprises a grinding wheel upright post (82), a small grinding wheel (81) which is positioned outside the grinding wheel upright post (82) and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, a grinding wheel motor (85) which is positioned inside the grinding wheel upright post (82), a grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and a grinding wheel swing post (87), wherein the grinding wheel motor (85) drives the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) which is horizontally arranged to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel (81) to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing post (87) are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and the small grinding wheel (81).

9. The device for synchronously forming a space curved surface in a near net shape with material increase and decrease and multiple stations as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the vibration material disk module (7) includes laser head (71), send a head (72) to send raw materials to laser head (71) below and melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to workstation (9) upper surface of laser head (71) just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a silk of sending a head (72), satisfies 0 < alpha < 90.

10. A machining method of the device for synchronously forming the space curved surface in the near net shape in the material adding and reducing multi-station mode according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the machining method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench (9), starting a material increase module (7) to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module (7), melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module (8) to synchronously reduce the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (9), the material increase module (7) and the grinding material reduction module (8), moving the material increase module (7) upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (9), the additive module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) are changed in the following modes:

mode A: a fifth driving mechanism (19) is started to drive the workbench (9) to incline;

mode B: starting a sixth driving mechanism (18) to drive the material increasing module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) to synchronously and horizontally move;

mode C: starting a second driving mechanism (15) to drive the upper moving platform (5) to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a third driving mechanism (16) to drive the lower moving platform (6) to move horizontally;

mode E: a fourth driving mechanism (24) is started to drive the upper base (103) to rotate so as to drive the gantry crane beam (41) to rotate;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating a small grinding wheel (81) of the grinding material cutting module (8) until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece; and

adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module (70), and starting the laser material reducing module (70) to emit laser to reduce the material of the side surface of the workpiece; the specific step of moving the additive module (7) upwards comprises: a first driving mechanism (17) in a gantry crane upright post (42) is started to drive a gantry crane beam (41) to move upwards.