CN114454052A - Method and device for quickly forming space curved surface by material increase and decrease double stations - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for quickly forming a space curved surface at an increased and decreased material double station, which comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a material adding module, a composite moving platform, a material grinding and reducing module, a workbench and the like; the material adding module and the grinding material reducing module horizontally move relative to a gantry crane beam; the lower moving platform of the composite moving platform is connected below the upper moving platform and can horizontally move relative to the lower moving platform, and the upper moving platform can horizontally move relative to the fixed base; the gantry crane beam can move up and down relative to the gantry crane column; at least two first upright posts are respectively arranged on the outer sides of two end parts of the workbench and fixed on the upper moving table, and the workbench can incline relative to the first upright posts. The invention has the advantages of compact structure and the like.

Description

Method and device for quickly forming space curved surface by material increase and decrease double stations

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of desktop type laser processing equipment, in particular to a method and a device for quickly forming a space curved surface by material increase and decrease double stations.

Background

In traditional laser processing equipment, carry out increase material processing earlier, subtract material processing again, increase and decrease material processing can not accomplish simultaneously, need go up unloading operation and relocation again, though there is partial increase and decrease material equipment complex at present, but there is the interference problem between each station, leads to increase and decrease material equipment complex to have certain limitation.

With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry in China, the customization demand of novel mechanical equipment is increasing day by day, and the structural integration and structural complexity degree of various parts are continuously improved. Meanwhile, in the aspect of processing high-performance complex parts, various requirements such as customization, high precision, high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, integration and integration are correspondingly provided. This provides a broad platform for development and technological improvement for additive/subtractive composite manufacturing techniques.

In order to further improve the processing precision and the surface quality of the additive forming part, a grinding processing link is required to be arranged in the material reducing process of the additive/material reducing composite manufacturing equipment. Moreover, a large amount of abrasive dust is generated during grinding, and under the condition that the sealing performance of the transmission system is insufficient, key transmission components such as a ball screw and a guide rod of the equipment are easy to accumulate abrasive dust and are seriously worn (at the moment, the abrasive dust acts as abrasive particles), so that the subsequent working precision of the equipment and the service life of the transmission system of the equipment are seriously influenced.

The existing desktop type increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing equipment lacks the consideration of protecting the inert gas in the laser material increasing process. At present, a large proportion of high-performance complex parts are all made of metal materials, and the metal materials have relatively high requirements on oxidation resistance of a specific gas environment in the process of laser additive rapid forming. Therefore, when the workpiece raw material is made of a metal material, the metal material is easily oxidized due to the lack of the protection of inert gas in the laser material increasing process, so that the forming quality of the metal material is influenced, and the method is narrow in application range and not suitable for processing the metal material. In addition, when the material is ground and cut, the splashed metal material may cause a safety hazard to an operator. The additive processing equipment of the existing additive/subtractive composite manufacturing equipment is only used for forming and manufacturing a specific or appointed material, and the consideration of composite material parts is lacked. Particularly, the material reducing processing link is really developed comprehensively with diversity and diversification. Generally, the material reducing part is only used for cutting (mainly milling) one surface in the material forming process. For part of complex parts, the parts need to be further ground after material increasing/reducing processing, but the material reducing function is not complete, so that the flexibility of the material reducing processing is lower under special working conditions. Particularly, when the parts are irregular in shape and inconsistent in height, the material increasing and decreasing processing cannot be carried out simultaneously, the material increasing processing and the material decreasing processing need to be carried out separately, the time and the process of repeated positioning are increased, and the production efficiency is low. In summary, the existing material increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing technology and equipment design still have many defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method and a device for quickly forming a space curved surface at material increasing and decreasing double stations.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a device for quickly forming a space curved surface at an increasing and decreasing material double station comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a gantry crane, a material increase module, a composite moving platform, a material grinding and reducing module, a workbench and a first connecting piece; the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane beam and gantry crane columns, and the gantry crane columns are positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam and fixed on the fixed base; a first driving mechanism is arranged in the gantry crane beam, the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam under the driving of the first driving mechanism, the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module are arranged below the gantry crane beam, and the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on a workpiece on the workbench; the composite moving platform comprises an upper moving platform and a lower moving platform, a second driving mechanism and a third driving mechanism are arranged in the fixed base, the lower moving platform is connected below the upper moving platform and can horizontally move relative to the fixed base under the driving of the third driving mechanism, the upper moving platform can horizontally move relative to the fixed base under the driving of the second driving mechanism, and the horizontal moving directions of the upper moving platform and the lower moving platform are mutually vertical; a fourth driving mechanism for driving the gantry crane beam to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench are correspondingly provided with the first upright posts, and the first upright posts are fixed above the upper moving table; the first upright post is internally provided with a fifth driving mechanism for driving the end part of the workbench to move up and down, the end part of the workbench is connected with the fifth driving mechanism through a first connecting piece, and the different end parts of the workbench move upwards or downwards with unequal displacement, so that the workbench inclines.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

the fixed base comprises an upper base, the third driving mechanism is positioned in the upper base and comprises a third driving motor and an X-direction ball screw; the lower moving table comprises a lower flat plate and a plurality of connecting plates positioned below the lower flat plate, the upper base is provided with strip-shaped holes for the connecting plates to pass through, the lower parts of the connecting plates are connected with X-direction ball screws, one of the X-direction ball screws is driven by a third driving motor, and the X-direction ball screws on the lower parts of the connecting plates are arranged in a staggered mode with the strip-shaped holes corresponding to the connecting plates;

the upper moving platform comprises an upper flat plate and a lower sliding block located below the upper flat plate, a guide groove is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate, and the lower sliding block is in sliding fit with the guide groove.

The first connecting piece comprises a ball pin seat, a ball pin and a connecting rod, one end of the ball pin seat is connected with one end of the workbench, the other end of the ball pin seat is connected and matched with the ball pin, the connecting rod is sleeved outside the ball pin, and the fifth driving mechanism is connected with the connecting rod.

At least two ends of the workbench are provided with extension rods, and the extension rods are connected with the ball pin base.

The fifth driving mechanism comprises a fifth driving motor, a fifth supporting seat, a fifth ball screw and a fifth screw connecting piece, the fifth ball screw is vertically arranged, the fifth driving motor is used for driving the fifth ball screw to rotate, the fifth supporting seat is supported at two ends of the fifth ball screw, the fifth screw connecting piece is sleeved outside the fifth ball screw, and the fifth screw connecting piece extends to the outside of the first stand column from the inside of the first stand column and is connected with the first connecting piece.

The first stand is close to workstation one side and has been seted up the front slot, fifth screw rod connecting piece passes the front slot and is articulated with the connecting rod, fifth ball and front slot dislocation set.

The device also comprises at least two telescopic rods, a telescopic rod fixing block, a side plate and a fixing plate, wherein the second driving mechanism comprises a second driving motor and a Y-direction ball screw, the telescopic rod fixing block, the fixing plate and the second driving mechanism are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the upper base, and the upper moving table is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block through the telescopic rods; the two ends of the telescopic rod fixing block are respectively in sleeve joint with the fixing plate, the second driving motor is fixed in the side digging hole of the upper base and seals the side digging hole through the fixing plate, the second driving motor is connected with the Y-direction ball screw and drives the Y-direction ball screw to rotate, and the Y-direction ball screw drives the telescopic rod fixing block to horizontally move.

First actuating mechanism includes first driving motor, first supporting seat, first ball, first screw nut and shaft coupling, and two opposite first ball levels of direction of rotation set up and pass through the coupling joint, first driving motor is used for driving first ball rotatory, first supporting seat supports at first ball tip, two first screw nut overlaps respectively and establishes outside first ball, first screw nut subtracts the material module with vibration material module and grinding respectively and is connected.

The grinding material reducing module comprises a grinding wheel upright post, a small grinding wheel, a grinding wheel motor, a grinding wheel swing shaft and a grinding wheel swing post, wherein the small grinding wheel is located outside the grinding wheel upright post and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, the grinding wheel motor, the grinding wheel swing shaft and the grinding wheel swing post are located in the grinding wheel upright post, the grinding wheel motor drives the horizontally arranged grinding wheel swing shaft to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing post are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft and the small grinding wheel.

The grinding material cutting module further comprises two conical gears which are in meshed transmission with each other, one of the conical gears is fixed on the grinding wheel swinging shaft, and the grinding wheel motor drives one of the conical gears to rotate so as to drive the grinding wheel swinging shaft to rotate.

The bottom of the grinding wheel upright post is provided with a wedge-shaped groove.

The grinding material reducing module further comprises a grinding wheel fine adjustment shell and a stand column joint, the upper end of the stand column joint is connected with the cross beam, and the lower end of the stand column joint is connected with the grinding wheel stand column through the grinding wheel fine adjustment shell.

And two ends of the grinding wheel swinging shaft are fixed on the inner side wall of the grinding wheel upright post.

The grinding wheel upright column side wall is provided with a storage opening convenient to maintain and a storage door, and the storage door is used for opening and closing the storage opening.

The vibration material disk piece includes the laser head, send a first to send the raw materials to the laser head below to melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to workstation upper surface of laser head just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a first, satisfies 0 < alpha < 90.

As a general inventive concept, the invention further provides a method for quickly forming a space curved surface by the material increase and decrease double-station, which comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench, starting a material increase module to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module to perform material reduction processing on the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench, the material increase module and the grinding material reduction module, moving the material increase module upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the change work piece on the workstation and the relative position of increase material module, grinding subtract material module includes the following mode:

mode A: starting a fifth driving mechanism to drive the workbench to incline;

mode B: starting a first driving mechanism to drive the material increasing module and the material reducing grinding module to move horizontally;

mode C: starting a second driving mechanism to drive the upper moving platform to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a third driving mechanism to drive the lower moving platform to move horizontally;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating a small grinding wheel of the grinding material reducing module until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece;

the specific steps of moving the additive module upwards comprise: and opening a fourth driving mechanism in the gantry crane upright column to drive the gantry crane beam to move upwards.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. according to the invention, through the inclined motion of the workbench, the vertical movement of the beam of the gantry crane, the horizontal motion of the material adding module and the material reducing module, and the horizontal motion of the upper moving table and the lower moving table, the workbench is driven to move horizontally, so that the requirement of multi-directional processing of complex parts is met, various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces can be processed, especially components with curved surfaces and different heights can be processed, the rotation of the grinding wheel is realized through the swinging of the grinding wheel shaft of the grinding material reducing module, the part side wall fitting at any angle can be realized under the rotation of the grinding material reducing module, the constraint of complex structural parts on the traditional grinding process is removed, and the production flexibility of equipment is further improved.

2. The invention designs the air-tight protective cover (namely the outer cover) with proper size performance, pays attention to the integral air tightness and protection performance of the equipment, ensures the integral air tightness of the device while completely not influencing the stability of a transmission system, is suitable for forming and processing various material parts capable of being processed by laser additive materials including metal materials, has extremely strong work adaptability aiming at diversified processing objects, and greatly expands the working service range of the equipment. The outer cover is isolated from the external environment, and can form a protective gas environment in a negative pressure state, so that the safety of operators is protected while the high-temperature oxidation of materials is prevented.

3. This device is for once installation increase and decrease material processing, compares with traditional multistation substep installation processing mode, and this equipment has saved dismantlement many times and installation work piece to and steps such as artifical transport work piece, greatly shortened operating time, improved work efficiency, reduced time cost and cost of labor.

4. The device adopts a desktop design, has a small integral structure and limited occupied space, can save a large amount of position space in work, and simultaneously has higher portability and flexibility, thereby realizing greater popularization in production.

5. During the operation of the device, the working moving path of each processing part is shorter, so that the whole processing flow is shortened, the production period of the workpiece is further shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Under the processing advantages of short flow and short period, the energy consumed by the equipment for producing a single part is synchronously reduced along with the reduction of the production period, so that the energy consumption period in the part production process is correspondingly shortened, and the requirements of low energy consumption and low emission are indirectly met.

6. The material increasing module and the material reducing module are modularized devices, so that the device is simple and convenient to replace and maintain. The device adopts the paraxial wire feeding laser melting additive manufacturing technology (the additive module is provided with a wire feeding head and a laser head, and the wire feeding head and the laser head are provided with included angles) to be compounded with the grinding wheel grinding technology (small grinding wheels for grinding the additive module and the like), the production flexibility is high, and the device has extremely high conformity with the mixed flow assembly line which is widely applied in the current manufacturing industry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the device with the cover removed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane, an additive material module and a subtractive material module.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fourth drive mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the first drive mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane beam.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an additive module.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the ground material module.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the grinding and material reducing module (grinding wheel column removed).

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the fixed base, the upper moving stage, and the like.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the upper and lower moving tables and their driving mechanisms.

Fig. 12 is a plan view of the upper and lower moving tables and their driving mechanisms.

Fig. 13 is a structural diagram of another view angle of the upper moving table, the lower moving table and their driving mechanisms.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the upper base.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic rod.

Fig. 16 is a sectional view at a in fig. 12.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the lower moving stage.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the upper moving stage.

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixed support and the parts thereon.

Fig. 20 is a front view of the stationary support and the parts thereon (with the column cover of the first column removed).

FIG. 21 is a top view of the stationary support base and the components thereon.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 21.

Fig. 23 is a partially enlarged view at C in fig. 22.

Fig. 24 is an exploded view of the first connector.

Fig. 25 is a schematic structural view of the table.

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of example 2.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane and a material adding and reducing module in embodiment 2.

Fig. 28 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fourth drive mechanism according to embodiment 2.

Fig. 29 is a schematic structural view of a typical part which can be processed at one time according to the present invention.

Fig. 30 is a schematic structural view of another exemplary part capable of being processed at one time according to the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a fixed base; 101. an upper base; 1011. a strip-shaped hole; 102. a lower bottom shell; 2. a housing; 3. a first upright post; 4. a gantry crane; 41. a gantry crane beam; 411. a separation support plate; 412. a horizontal drive mounting hole; 413. a strip-shaped groove; 42. a gantry crane upright post; 5. an upper mobile station; 501. an upper flat plate; 5011. a plate through hole; 502. a lower slider; 6. a lower mobile station; 601. a lower flat plate; 6011. a guide groove; 6012. a limiting block; 602. a connecting plate; 6021. a vertical plate; 6022. a transverse plate; 60221. a limiting hole; 7. an additive module; 71. a laser head; 72. feeding a filament head; 73. laser joint; 74. a material increase slide block; 75. laser upright post; 8. grinding and cutting the material module; 81. a small grinding wheel; 82. a grinding wheel column; 821. a wedge-shaped groove; 84. a column joint; 85. a grinding wheel motor; 86. a grinding wheel swing shaft; 87. a grinding wheel swing column; 88. a bevel gear; 89. a material reducing slide block; 9. a work table; 91. an extension rod; 10. a telescopic rod; 1001. an outer sleeve; 1002. an inner sleeve; 1003. an inner guide rod; 11. a telescopic baffle; 111. a middle baffle; 112. an end baffle; 12. the telescopic rod fixing block; 13. a side plate; 14. a fixing plate; 15. a second drive mechanism; 151. a second drive motor; 152. a second support seat; 153. a Y-direction ball screw; 16. a third drive mechanism; 161. a third drive motor; 162. an X-direction ball screw; 163. a third support seat; 17. a fourth drive mechanism; 171. a fourth drive motor; 172. a Z-direction ball screw; 173. a fourth lead screw connector; 174. a fourth supporting seat; 18. a first drive mechanism; 181. a first drive motor; 182. a first support base; 183. a first ball screw; 184. a first lead screw nut; 185. a coupling; 19. a fifth drive mechanism; 191. a fifth drive motor; 192. a fifth supporting seat; 193. a fifth ball screw; 194. a fifth lead screw connector; 20. a first connecting member; 201. a ball pin seat; 202. a ball stud; 203. a connecting rod; 21. fixing the supporting seat; 26. a material fixing mechanism; 261. a small roller; 262. a small roller bracket.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 25, the device for rapidly forming a spatial curved surface at two stations of material increase and decrease of the invention comprises a fixed base 1, a first upright post 3, a gantry crane 4, a material increase module 7, a composite moving platform, a grinding material decrease module 8, a workbench 9 and a first connecting piece 20; the gantry crane 4 comprises a gantry crane beam 41 and gantry crane columns 42, and the gantry crane columns 42 are positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam 41 and fixed on the fixed base 1; a first driving mechanism 18 is arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are driven by the first driving mechanism 18 to simultaneously and horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam 41, the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are arranged below the gantry crane beam 41, and the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on a workpiece on the workbench 9; the composite moving platform comprises an upper moving platform 5 and a lower moving platform 6, a second driving mechanism 15 and a third driving mechanism 16 are arranged in the fixed base 1, the lower moving platform 6 is connected below the upper moving platform 5 and horizontally moves relative to the fixed base 1 under the driving of the third driving mechanism 16, the upper moving platform 5 can horizontally move relative to the fixed base 1 under the driving of the second driving mechanism 15, and the horizontal moving directions of the upper moving platform 5 and the lower moving platform 6 are mutually vertical; a fourth driving mechanism 17 for driving the gantry crane beam 41 to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright column 42; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench 9 are correspondingly provided with first upright posts 3, and the third upright posts 3 are fixed above the upper moving platform 5; a fifth driving mechanism 19 for driving the end part of the working table 9 to move up and down is arranged in the first upright post 3, the end part of the working table 9 is connected with the fifth driving mechanism 19 through a first connecting piece 20, and the displacement of the different end parts of the working table 9 moving up or down is unequal, so that the working table 9 is inclined.

In the invention, the end part of the workbench 9 is driven to move upwards or downwards by the fifth driving mechanism 19 in the first upright post 3, the fifth driving mechanism 19 respectively controls the displacement of different end parts of the workbench 9, when the displacement of the vertical movement is unequal, the workbench 9 inclines, and the workpiece on the workbench 9 can be moved to a required position by matching with the horizontal movement of the lower moving platform 6 and the upper moving platform 5, and then the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are adopted for processing.

The fixed base 1 comprises an upper base 101, the third driving mechanism 16 is positioned in the upper base 101 and comprises a third driving motor 161 and an X-direction ball screw 162; the lower moving table 6 includes a lower plate 601 and a plurality of connecting plates 602 located below the lower plate 601, the upper base 101 is provided with a strip-shaped hole 1011 for the connecting plate 602 to pass through, the lower portion of the connecting plate 602 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 162, one of the X-direction ball screws 162 is driven by the third driving motor 161, and the X-direction ball screw 162 at the lower portion of the connecting plate 602 is arranged in a staggered manner with the strip-shaped hole 1011 corresponding to the connecting plate 602.

As shown in fig. 4, the first driving mechanism 18 includes a first driving motor 181, a first supporting seat 182, and a first ball screw 183, the first driving motor 181 is configured to drive the first ball screw 183 to rotate, the first ball screw 183 is supported in the gantry crane cross beam 41 through the first supporting seat 182, and the material adding module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 are connected to the first ball screw 183 through a first screw nut 184. In this embodiment, the gantry crane beam 41 is hollow and is provided with a horizontal driving installation hole 412, the horizontal driving installation hole 412 is separated into two parts through a vertically arranged separation support plate 411, and when the first driving motor 181 is started, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 horizontally move under the driving of the first ball screw 183.

The material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 on the gantry crane beam 41 can move along the gantry crane beam 41, so that the degree of freedom of the working module is greatly widened, and the production flexibility of the whole equipment is improved.

As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 share the same first driving mechanism 18 of the same gantry crane beam 41. When the first driving motor 181 is activated, the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 approach or move away from each other, and move towards or away from each other as a whole. Each first driving mechanism 18 comprises two first ball screws 183 and a coupling 185, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively assembled on the two first ball screws 183 with opposite rotation directions, the coupling 185 is an elastic coupling for connecting the two first ball screws 183, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively installed on the two first ball screws 183 through first screw nuts 184, and the rotation directions of the two first screw nuts 184 are opposite (the rotation directions of the first screw nuts 184 and the first ball screws 183 to which the first screw nuts 184 belong are the same). The first driving motor 181 drives one of the first ball screws 183 to rotate, and transmits torque to the other first ball screw 183 through an elastic coupling. When the first driving motor 181 rotates forward, the two first screw nuts 184 on the first ball screw 183 gradually approach each other; when the first driving motor 181 rotates reversely, the first lead screw nuts 184 on the first ball screws 183 are gradually moved away from each other. The gantry crane beam 41 is connected with a first ball screw 183 through a first driving motor 181 in a transmission manner, and two first screw nuts 184 which are in reverse fit are controlled to move in opposite directions, so that the linkage effect of the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 is realized.

In other embodiments, two first driving mechanisms 18 are adopted on the same gantry crane beam 41 to drive the additive material module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively, the first ball screws 183 of the two first driving mechanisms 18 rotate in opposite directions, and the movement of the additive material module 7 or the grinding material reducing module 8 in the horizontal direction is controlled by the first driving motor 181 in the gantry crane beam 41. Two groups of first driving mechanisms 18 are arranged in one gantry crane beam 41 and used for controlling the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 respectively, and compared with the method that the same first driving mechanism 18 is adopted to drive the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 simultaneously, the two groups of first driving mechanisms 18 reduce the bearing capacity of each first ball screw 183, the load bearing capacity of the gantry crane column 42 is improved, and the positioning accuracy and stability in the process of working are enhanced.

As shown in fig. 7, the additive module 7 includes a laser head 71, a wire feeding head 72, a laser joint 73, an additive slider 74 and a laser upright post 75, the additive slider 74 is connected and matched with a first lead screw nut 184, the laser joint 73 is connected between the additive slider 74 and the laser upright post 75, and the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 are located below the laser upright post 75. In this embodiment, the material increase slider 74 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads, the material increase slider 74 is sleeved on the first ball screw 183, and the material increase slider 74 penetrates through the gantry crane beam 41 from the first ball screw 183 to be connected with the laser joint 73.

As shown in fig. 7, the laser emission direction of the laser head 71 and the wire feeding direction of the wire feeding head 72 form a certain included angle α, the included angle α between the laser emission direction and the wire feeding direction is 45 ° (in other embodiments, α is greater than 0 and less than 90 ° can achieve the same or similar technical effect), when the laser emitter emits laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, the wire feeding module 23 synchronously feeds the wire, and sends the material into the molten pool, thereby improving the processing efficiency and realizing the synchronous wire feeding during the material adding process. The wire feeding head 72 is provided with small rollers 261, and wire feeding holes for raw wire to pass through are formed above the wire feeding head 72 below the two small rollers 261.

As shown in FIG. 7, a material fixing mechanism 26 is disposed above the feeding port of the wire feeding head 72, the material fixing mechanism 26 includes a small roller bracket 262 and two small rollers 261, and the two small rollers 261 are supported on the small roller bracket 262 for positioning the raw material wires. And a round groove with the size equivalent to that of the wire is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261 of the sizing mechanism 26, so that the accuracy is enhanced.

According to the invention, the workbench 9 is driven to move horizontally by the horizontal movement of the upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table 6, the inclined movement of the workbench 9 and the reasonable adjustment of the angle alpha of the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 in the material adding module 7 are matched, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 only need to move horizontally for a short distance on the gantry crane beam 41 (the two modules can perform synchronous linkage and can also perform respective independent movement, and the relative movement mode is very flexible), and the real-time simultaneous processing of two material adding and material reducing stations of a complex structural part can be effectively realized. Meanwhile, the processing mode can flexibly and efficiently finish high-precision material reduction processing of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the complex structural member, strictly controls the height of the mass center of the whole equipment to improve the stability under the reasonable multi-degree-of-freedom independent control motion matching and transmission arrangement design, basically realizes gapless fusion of two stations, saves a large amount of working hours and energy consumption required by station conversion, further shortens the processing flow and the production period, and highlights the advantages of short flow and near-net forming of the multi-station integrated composite processing method.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the grinding material reducing module 8 includes a small grinding wheel 81, a grinding wheel upright 82, an upright joint 84, a grinding wheel swing shaft 86, a grinding wheel swing column 87, two bevel gears 88 and a material reducing slide block 89 which are meshed with each other for transmission, the material reducing slide block 89 is connected with a first ball screw 183, the upper end of the upright joint 84 is connected with the material reducing slide block 89, the lower end of the upright joint 84 is connected with the grinding wheel upright 82, a grinding wheel motor 85 is coaxial with one of the bevel gears 88, the other bevel gear 88 is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel upright 82 through the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 which is transversely arranged, the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 is vertically connected with the grinding wheel swing column 87, and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column 87 is connected with the small grinding wheel 81, so that the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 is driven to realize the swing of the small grinding wheel 81, thereby enhancing the milling precision of a curved surface to meet the angle of the side surface of a workpiece for grinding processing. In other examples, the material reducing sliding block 89 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads, the first ball screw 183 is sleeved with the material reducing sliding block 89, and the material reducing sliding block 89 penetrates through the gantry crane beam 41 from the first ball screw 183 to be connected with the column joint 84.

The bottom of the grinding wheel column 82 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove 821, which not only ensures the rotation of the small grinding wheel 81, but also plays a certain sealing role.

The laser upright column 75 and the grinding wheel upright column 82 are in modular design, and are convenient to install, maintain and replace.

As shown in fig. 6, a strip-shaped groove 413 for passing the material increase slider 74 and the material decrease slider 89 is formed on one side of the gantry crane beam 41 close to the material increase module 7 and the grinding material decrease module 8.

As shown in fig. 10 to 18, the composite moving platform includes an upper moving stage 5 and a lower moving stage 6, and the lower moving stage 6 is attached below the upper moving stage 5; the fixed base 1 comprises an upper base 101, the device further comprises a third driving mechanism 16 fixed on the lower portion of the upper base 101, the third driving mechanism 16 comprises a third driving motor 161 and at least one X-direction ball screw 162, the lower moving table 6 comprises a lower flat plate 601 and a plurality of connecting plates 602 positioned below the lower flat plate 601, the upper base 101 is provided with strip-shaped holes 1011 for the connecting plates 602 to pass through, the lower portions of the connecting plates 602 are connected with the X-direction ball screws 162, one X-direction ball screw 162 is driven by the third driving motor 161, and the X-direction ball screws 162 on the lower portions of the connecting plates 602 are arranged in a staggered mode with the strip-shaped holes 1011 corresponding to the connecting plates 602; the upper moving table 5 comprises an upper flat plate 501 and a lower sliding block 502 positioned below the upper flat plate 501, a guide groove 6011 is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate 601, and the lower sliding block 502 is in sliding fit with the guide groove 6011. The upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table 6 form a multi-axial compound transmission motion form through the sliding fit of the lower slide block 502 and the guide groove 6011.

In this embodiment, the fixing base 1 further includes a lower base shell 102, the lower base shell 102 is located below the upper base 101, and is used for sealing and fixing devices such as a third driving motor 161 at the lower part of the upper base 101. On one hand, the third driving motor 161 of the third driving mechanism 16, the X-direction ball screw 162 and other parts are arranged at the lower part of the upper base 101 in a moving way, so that the mass is concentrated under the upper base 101, the gravity center of the whole device is lowered, the moving load of the moving platform is reduced, and the efficiency of high efficiency and energy saving is realized while the stability of the device is improved; on the other hand, the independent uniaxial movement of the composite moving platform is adopted to realize the positioning of the workpiece at any point in the working plane, so that the current situation of single-degree-of-freedom movement of the traditional working platform is broken through, and the design of a driving system of a processing module is simplified; moreover, the strip-shaped holes 1011 of the X-direction ball screw 162 corresponding to the connecting plate 602 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that even if grinding chips fall into the strip-shaped holes 1011 during grinding, the grinding chips fall down along with the strip-shaped holes 1011, the movement of the X-direction ball screw 162 for transmission is not influenced, and the service life of the transmission part is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 17, in the present embodiment, the connecting plate 602 includes a horizontal plate 6022 and a vertical plate 6021, one end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to the lower plate 601, the other end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to one end of the horizontal plate 6022, the other end of the horizontal plate 6022 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 162, and the third driving motor 161 is connected to one end of one of the X-direction ball screws 162 and drives the X-direction ball screw 162 to rotate, so as to drive the horizontal plate 6022 to move in the X direction.

The horizontal plate 6022 has a stopper hole 60221 formed on a side thereof closer to the X-direction ball screw 162, and the stopper hole 60221 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 162 in a concave-convex engagement. In this embodiment, there are three X-direction ball screws 162, wherein the X-direction ball screw 162 located in the middle is connected to the third driving motor 161 and driven by the third driving motor 161, and is a driving member, and the X-direction ball screws 162 located on both sides are driven members, and play a certain supporting role. In this embodiment, the output end of the third driving motor 161 directly drives the X-direction ball screw 162. In other embodiments, the output end of the third driving motor 161 is connected with a gear, and the end of the X-direction ball screw 162 is provided with a gear, so that transmission is realized through the cooperation of the gear and the gear.

Two ends of the three X-direction ball screws 162 are fixed below the upper base 101 through third support seats 163, respectively. In this embodiment, the third supporting seat 163 is made of a rubber material.

The lower moving stage 6 further includes a stopper 6012, and the stopper 6012 is installed at one end of the guide groove 6011 and is used to block the movement of the lower slider 502. In this embodiment, the guide groove 6011 is a dovetail groove, the lower slider 502 is a dovetail slider, and the dovetail groove and the dovetail slider are connected to help the guide positioning and the supporting, and the limiting block 6012 is a rubber block.

The device further comprises at least two telescopic rods 10, a telescopic rod fixing block 12, a side plate 13, a fixing plate 14 and a second driving mechanism 15, wherein the second driving mechanism 15 comprises a second driving motor 151, a second supporting seat 152 and a Y-direction ball screw 153, the telescopic rod fixing block 12, the fixing plate 14 and the second driving mechanism 15 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the upper base 101, and the upper moving platform 5 is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12 through the telescopic rods 10; the two ends of the telescopic rod fixing block 12 are respectively sleeved with the fixing plate 14, the second driving motor 151 is fixed in a side hole of the upper base 101, the side hole is sealed through the fixing plate 14, the second driving motor 151 is connected with the Y-direction ball screw 153 and drives the Y-direction ball screw 153 to rotate, the Y-direction ball screw 153 drives the telescopic rod fixing block 12 to move along the Y-direction, and the second supporting seat 152 is used for supporting the two ends of the Y-direction ball screw 153.

The Y-direction ball screw 153 is disposed under the side surface of the upper base 101 to extend the stroke, and a nut is coupled to the cross plate 6022 to be slidable therein. The strip-shaped hole 1011 is clamped by two pieces of rubber to realize relative sealing, a telescopic baffle 11 is arranged on the upper base 101 between the upper moving platform 5 and the telescopic rod fixing block 12, and the telescopic rod 10 penetrates through the telescopic baffle 11 from the upper moving platform 5 to be connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12. The retractable baffle 11 comprises a middle baffle 111 and two end baffles 112 sleeved outside the middle baffle 111, and the end baffles 112 are hollow, so that the retractable rod 10 can drive the middle baffle 111 to move and can also seal the middle baffle 111.

As shown in fig. 15 and 16, the telescopic rod 10 includes an inner guide rod 1003, a plurality of outer sleeves 1001 and an inner sleeve 1002, the outer sleeves 1001 and the inner sleeve 1002 are both sleeved outside the inner guide rod 1003 and symmetrically arranged along the upper moving stage 5, the inner guide rod 1003 passes through the upper moving stage 5 and is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, one end of the outer sleeve 1001 is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, the other end is sleeved outside or inside the inner sleeve 1002 and is in sliding fit with the inner sleeve 1002, and the other end of the inner sleeve 1002 is connected with one side of the upper moving stage 5. In this embodiment, the inner sleeve 1002 and the outer sleeve 1001 of the telescopic rod 10 are both hollow to realize sleeve joint, and the outer sleeve 1001 and the inner sleeve 1002 are installed outside the inner guide rod 1003 of the telescopic rod 10 to realize totally-enclosed lubrication of a complex transmission system, so that the inner guide rod 1003 coated with lubricating oil is isolated from the external working environment, and infiltration and accumulation of abrasive dust are prevented. On one hand, the abrasive dust is prevented from being accumulated in a transmission system, the transmission system is prevented from being worn, and the service life of the transmission system is prolonged; on the other hand, the equipment transmission and the machining precision are improved, and integrated machining is realized.

In this embodiment, two sides of the upper plate 501 are provided with plate through holes 5011 through which the telescopic rods 10 pass.

The lower moving stage 6 is driven by a third driving motor 161 connected to the X-direction ball screw 162 under the stationary base 1, and drives the upper moving stage 5 to move in the X-axis direction. The upper and lower moving stages 5 and 6 are fixed relatively in the X-axis direction. The upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table 6 are matched and fixed with the dovetail slide block through two dovetail grooves, the upper moving table 5 is driven by a telescopic rod 10 in the X-axis direction to realize the motion in the Y-axis direction, and the dovetail grooves of the lower moving table 6 play a role in guiding. The telescopic rods 10 driving the upper moving table 5 are fixed on the telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 at both sides, and are respectively located at both sides of the moving interval of the lower moving table 6, and the telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 are driven by a second driving motor 151 and a Y-direction ball screw 153 below the fixed base 1. The upper moving table 5 fixes the workpiece, and on the one hand, the workpiece is moved in the X, Y axial direction in the base plane through the above transmission mechanism, so that the workpiece can be located at any position in the processing area plane. On the other hand, X, Y axial direction motion in the base plane can adjust and guarantee the coincidence of the work center after workstation 9 inclines and increase and decrease material machining center, avoids causing the location to make mistakes after workstation 9 inclines.

As shown in fig. 4, the fourth driving mechanism 17 includes a fourth driving motor 171 installed in the gantry crane column 42, a plurality of Z-directional ball screws 172 and a fourth screw connecting member 173, wherein one Z-directional ball screw 172 is driven by the fourth driving motor 171 to rotate, one end of the fourth screw connecting member 173 is fixedly connected to the gantry crane beam 41, the other end of the fourth screw connecting member is sleeved with the Z-directional ball screw 172 and is driven by the Z-directional ball screw 172 to move in the Z direction, and fourth supporting seats 174 for fixing the Z-directional ball screw 172 in the gantry crane column 42 are disposed at two ends of the Z-directional ball screw 172.

The movement of the gantry beam 41 in the Z-axis direction is controlled by a fourth driving motor 171 in the gantry column 42. The gantry crane beam 41 drives the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move up and down in the Z-axis direction under the fixing and driving action of the fourth screw rod connectors 173 on the two sides. In this embodiment, the fourth driving mechanism 17 is located at the upper half of the gantry crane column 42, and the fourth driving motor 171 is a servo motor and drives two Z-direction ball screws 172, respectively. An upright column inner hole is formed in the upper half part of the gantry crane upright column 42, the fourth driving mechanism 17 is located in the inner hole of the gantry crane upright column 42, a front groove for the fourth screw rod connecting piece 173 to pass through is formed in one side, close to the gantry crane cross beam 41, of the gantry crane upright column 42, and the front groove is communicated with the inner hole. The column bore is divided into two parts by a horizontally disposed partition plate, one part accommodating the fourth drive motor 171 and the other part accommodating other important parts of the fourth drive mechanism 17. In other embodiments, the fourth driving motor 171 is directly connected to the Z-direction ball screw 172 to drive the Z-direction ball screw 172 to rotate.

In this embodiment, the front groove and the Z-direction ball screw 172 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the grinding dust is prevented from directly entering the gantry crane upright 42 to affect the transmission of the fourth driving mechanism 17.

As shown in fig. 19 to 15, the first connecting member 20 includes a ball pin seat 201, a ball pin 202, and a connecting rod 203, one end of the ball pin seat 201 is connected to one end of the workbench 9, the other end is connected to and matched with the ball pin 202, the connecting rod 203 is sleeved outside the ball pin 202, and the fifth driving mechanism 19 is connected to the connecting rod 203. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 203 is made of an elastic material, can elastically extend along the length direction, and is in threaded connection with the ball stud 202.

As shown in fig. 25, extension bars 91 are provided at least at both ends of the table 9, and the extension bars 91 are connected to the ball pin base 201. In this embodiment, four first columns 3 are included, a fifth driving mechanism 19 for driving four end portions of the working table 9 is respectively disposed in each first column 3, the fifth driving mechanism 19 independently drives the extension rods 91 corresponding to the working table 9, and the working table 9 is inclined at different angles by moving different extension rods 91 in different distances in the height direction. In other embodiments, the workbench 9 may be provided with different numbers of extension rods 91 to achieve different inclination angles according to the complexity of the parts.

In this embodiment, be fixed in last mobile station 5 through a fixed bolster 21 on, first stand 3 bottom is connected fixedly with fixed bolster 21, and workstation 9 sets up with fixed bolster 21 interval, prevents on the one hand that 5 undersize of mobile station, is not enough to place a plurality of first stands 3 and workstation 9, has broken through the restriction of last mobile station 5 size, and on the other hand is convenient for wholly replace not equidimension first stand 3 and workstation 9.

As shown in fig. 20, the fifth driving mechanism 19 includes a fifth driving motor 191, a fifth supporting seat 192, a fifth ball screw 193 and a fifth screw connection element 194, the fifth ball screw 193 is vertically disposed, the fifth driving motor 191 is used for driving the fifth ball screw 193 to rotate, the fifth supporting seat 192 is supported at two ends of the fifth ball screw 193, the fifth screw connection element 194 is sleeved on the fifth ball screw 193, and the fifth screw connection element 194 extends from the first vertical column 3 to the outside of the first vertical column 3 and is connected to the first connection element 20.

In this embodiment, a front pillar groove is formed in one side of the first pillar 3 close to the workbench 9, the front pillar groove is used for the fifth screw rod connecting member 194 to pass through, the front pillar groove is communicated with the inner hole of the first pillar 3, and the front pillar groove and the fifth ball screw rod 193 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the transmission of the fifth driving mechanism 19 is prevented from being affected by the wear debris.

The fifth screw rod connecting piece 194 is hinged with the connecting rod 203.

As shown in fig. 1, the device further comprises a housing 2, wherein the housing 2 is fixed on the fixed base 1 and separates the upper moving table 5, the lower moving table 6, the grinding material reducing module 8 and the material increasing module 7 from the outside. In this embodiment, unable adjustment base 1 top cover is equipped with dustcoat 2, has seted up on dustcoat 2 and has put the thing mouth, puts and installs the thing door of putting that can close and open the thing mouth on putting the thing mouth. In this embodiment, dustcoat 2 is the translucent cover, is convenient for observe the behavior of core unit, and on the other hand, dustcoat 2 is used for sealed protection core unit, and operational environment and external environment in isolated equipment improve processingquality and operating personnel security.

The outer cover 2 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet for vacuumizing or introducing protective gas into the outer cover 2. In this embodiment, the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively and oppositely disposed on the sidewall of the housing 2 and respectively disposed near the upper portion and the lower portion of the housing 2. Generally, inert gas or protective gas such as carbon dioxide is heavier than air, an air inlet is arranged at the lower part, an air outlet is arranged at the upper part, slow air inlet is kept during the processing, and the inside of the outer cover 2 is in a negative high-pressure state.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when laser processing is carried out, the distance between the two material adding modules 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 is changed to be proper through the first driving mechanism 18, the workbench 9 is driven to move by controlling the movement of the upper moving table 5 and the lower moving table 6, the workbench is matched with the rotation of the material adding modules 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8, the workpiece is enabled to generate displacement of a preset processing path relative to the material adding modules 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8, and the fifth driving mechanism 19 is driven to drive the workbench 9 to incline. In the material increase processing process, the wire feeding module synchronously feeds wires, the wires are fused and deposited under the action of laser, the moving path of the small grinding wheel 81 of the grinding material reduction module 8 is always followed at the rear side of the processing path of the material increase module 7 through the rotary driving mechanism, and the small grinding wheel 81 generates certain angle deviation to grind the side surface of the workpiece, so that the material reduction processing of the workpiece is realized.

The invention discloses a method for quickly forming a space curved surface by material increase and decrease double stations, which comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench 9, starting a material increase module 7 to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module 7, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module 8 to perform material reduction processing on the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench 9, the material increase module 7 and the grinding material reduction module 8, moving the material increase module 7 upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench 9 and the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 comprise the following modes:

mode A: the fifth driving mechanism 19 is started to drive the workbench 9 to incline;

mode B: starting a first driving mechanism 18 to drive the additive material module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move horizontally;

mode C: starting a second driving mechanism 15 to drive the upper moving table 5 to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a third driving mechanism 16 to drive the lower moving platform 6 to move horizontally;

the material reducing processing specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel 81 of the grinding material cutting module 8 until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side surface of the workpiece to grind the side surface of the workpiece;

the specific steps of moving additive module 7 upward include: and opening a fourth driving mechanism 17 in the gantry crane upright column 42 to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to move upwards.

In the present invention, the longitudinal direction of the X-direction ball screw 162 is the X-direction, the direction of the Y-direction ball screw 153 is the Y-direction, and the direction of the Z-direction ball screw 172 is the Z-direction.

The invention can process the parts with space curved surface, especially the slope complex parts with different slopes at one time, the part structure is shown in fig. 29 and 30, fig. 29(a) is the three-dimensional structure of a typical part, fig. 29(b) is the top view of the typical part, fig. 29(c) is the front view of the typical part. Fig. 30(a) is a schematic perspective view of another exemplary part, fig. 30(b) is a front view of the exemplary part, fig. 30(c) is a bottom view of the exemplary part, and fig. 30(d) is a side view of the exemplary part.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 26 to 28, the apparatus of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1 except that:

the number of the gantry crane cross beam 41 in this embodiment is two, the material adding module 7 and the material reducing module 8 are respectively driven by two independent first driving mechanisms 18 (the first driving mechanisms 18 are not provided with the couplers 185), and two fourth driving mechanisms 17 are arranged in the gantry crane column 42 and are respectively used for driving the gantry crane cross beam 41 to move up and down.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a device of quick shaping space curved surface in increase and decrease material duplex position which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed base (1), a first upright post (3), a gantry crane (4), a material adding module (7), a composite moving platform, a grinding material reducing module (8), a workbench (9) and a first connecting piece (20);

the gantry crane (4) comprises a gantry crane beam (41) and a gantry crane column (42), and the gantry crane column (42) is positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam (41) and fixed on the fixed base (1);

a first driving mechanism (18) is arranged in the gantry crane beam (41), the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam (41) under the driving of the first driving mechanism (18), the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) are arranged below the gantry crane beam (41), and the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on a workpiece on the workbench (9);

the composite moving platform comprises an upper moving platform (5) and a lower moving platform (6), a second driving mechanism (15) and a third driving mechanism (16) are arranged in the fixed base (1), the lower moving platform (6) is connected below the upper moving platform (5) and can horizontally move relative to the fixed base (1) under the driving of the third driving mechanism (16), the upper moving platform (5) can horizontally move relative to the fixed base (1) under the driving of the second driving mechanism (15), and the horizontal moving directions of the upper moving platform (5) and the lower moving platform (6) are perpendicular to each other;

a fourth driving mechanism (17) for driving the gantry crane beam (41) to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane column (42);

the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench (9) are respectively and correspondingly provided with the first upright posts (3), and the first upright posts (3) are fixed above the upper moving platform (5); the novel vertical column is characterized in that a fifth driving mechanism (19) used for driving the end part of the working table (9) to move up and down is arranged in the first vertical column (3), the end part of the working table (9) is connected with the fifth driving mechanism (19) through a first connecting piece (20), and the different end parts of the working table (9) move upwards or downwards with unequal displacement, so that the working table (9) is inclined.

2. The device for rapidly forming the space curved surface by increasing or decreasing the material double stations according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the fixed base (1) comprises an upper base (101), the third driving mechanism (16) is positioned in the upper base (101) and comprises a third driving motor (161) and an X-direction ball screw (162); the lower moving table (6) comprises a lower flat plate (601) and a plurality of connecting plates (602) located below the lower flat plate (601), the upper base (101) is provided with strip-shaped holes (1011) for the connecting plates (602) to pass through, the lower portions of the connecting plates (602) are connected with X-direction ball screws (162), one of the X-direction ball screws (162) is driven by a third driving motor (161), and the X-direction ball screws (162) at the lower portions of the connecting plates (602) and the strip-shaped holes (1011) corresponding to the connecting plates (602) are arranged in a staggered mode;

the upper moving platform (5) comprises an upper flat plate (501) and a lower sliding block (502) located below the upper flat plate (501), a guide groove (6011) is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate (601), and the lower sliding block (502) is in sliding fit with the guide groove (6011).

3. The device for rapidly forming the space curved surface by increasing or decreasing the material double stations according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the first connecting piece (20) comprises a ball pin seat (201), a ball pin (202) and a connecting rod (203), one end of the ball pin seat (201) is connected with one end of the workbench (9), the other end of the ball pin seat is connected and matched with the ball pin (202), the connecting rod (203) is sleeved outside the ball pin (202), and the fifth driving mechanism (19) is connected with the connecting rod (203).

4. The device for rapidly forming a spatial curved surface with increased and decreased material double stations according to claim 3, wherein: at least two ends of the workbench (9) are provided with extension rods (91), and the extension rods (91) are connected with the ball pin base (201).

5. The device for rapidly forming a spatial curved surface with material increasing and decreasing double stations according to claim 3, is characterized in that: fifth actuating mechanism (19) includes fifth driving motor (191), fifth supporting seat (192), fifth ball (193) and fifth screw connecting piece (194), fifth ball (193) vertical setting, fifth driving motor (191) are used for driving fifth ball (193) rotatory, fifth supporting seat (192) support at fifth ball (193) both ends, fifth screw connecting piece (194) cover is established outside fifth ball (193), fifth screw connecting piece (194) extend to outside first stand (3) and are connected with first connecting piece (20) in first stand (3).

6. The device for rapidly forming a spatial curved surface with material increase and decrease double stations according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the first upright post (3) is provided with a front groove at one side close to the workbench (9), the fifth screw rod connecting piece (194) penetrates through the front groove to be hinged with the connecting rod (203), and the fifth ball screw rod (193) and the front groove are arranged in a staggered mode.

7. The device for rapidly forming a spatial curved surface with increased and decreased material double stations according to any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that: the device further comprises at least two telescopic rods (10), a telescopic rod fixing block (12), a side plate (13) and a fixing plate (14), wherein the second driving mechanism (15) comprises a second driving motor (151) and a Y-direction ball screw (153), the telescopic rod fixing block (12), the fixing plate (14) and the second driving mechanism (15) are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the upper base (101), and the upper moving platform (5) is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block (12) through the telescopic rods (10); the two ends of the telescopic rod fixing block (12) are respectively sleeved with the fixing plate (14), the second driving motor (151) is fixed in a side hole of the upper base (101) and seals the side hole through the fixing plate (14), the second driving motor (151) is connected with the Y-direction ball screw (153) and drives the Y-direction ball screw (153) to rotate, and the Y-direction ball screw (153) drives the telescopic rod fixing block (12) to move horizontally.

8. The device for rapidly forming a spatial curved surface with increased and decreased material double stations according to any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that: first actuating mechanism (18) include first driving motor (181), first supporting seat (182), first ball (183), first screw nut (184) and shaft coupling (185), and two opposite direction of rotation's first ball (183) level sets up and connect through shaft coupling (185), first driving motor (181) are used for driving first ball (183) rotatory, first supporting seat (182) support at first ball (183) tip, two first screw nut (184) are established respectively outside first ball (183), first screw nut (184) subtract material module (8) with material increase module (7) and grinding and are connected respectively.

9. The device for rapidly forming a spatial curved surface with increased and decreased material double stations according to any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that: the grinding material reducing module comprises a grinding wheel upright post (82), a small grinding wheel (81) which is positioned outside the grinding wheel upright post (82) and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, a grinding wheel motor (85) which is positioned inside the grinding wheel upright post (82), a grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and a grinding wheel swing post (87), wherein the grinding wheel motor (85) drives the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) which is horizontally arranged to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel (81) to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing post (87) are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and the small grinding wheel (81).

10. The method for rapidly forming the space curved surface according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench (9), starting a material increase module (7) to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module (7), melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module (8) to perform material reduction processing on the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (9), the material increase module (7) and the grinding material reduction module (8), moving the material increase module (7) upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (9), the additive module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) are changed in the following modes:

mode A: a fifth driving mechanism (19) is started to drive the workbench (9) to incline;

mode B: starting a first driving mechanism (18) to drive the material adding module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) to horizontally move;

mode C: starting a second driving mechanism (15) to drive the upper moving platform (5) to move horizontally;

mode D: starting a third driving mechanism (16) to drive the lower moving platform (6) to move horizontally;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating a small grinding wheel (81) of the grinding material cutting module (8) until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece;

the specific step of moving the additive module (7) upwards comprises: and opening a fourth driving mechanism (17) in the gantry crane upright post (42) to drive the gantry crane beam (41) to move upwards.

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