CN114453886A

CN114453886A - Multi-station synchronous rapid forming method and device for complex structural part

Info

Publication number: CN114453886A
Application number: CN202110402271.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖罡; 杨钦文; 仪传明; 高彬; 孙卓
Original assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-04-14
Filing date: 2021-04-14
Publication date: 2022-05-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-station synchronous rapid forming device for a complex structural part, which comprises a fixed base, a gantry crane, an additive module, a grinding and material reducing module and a composite workbench, wherein the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane beam and a gantry crane upright post; the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module can horizontally move relative to the linkage beam, and the linkage beam rotates under the driving of the rotary driving mechanism. The invention has compact structure and flexible and variable processing mode.

Description

Multi-station synchronous rapid forming method and device for complex structural part

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of desktop type laser processing equipment, in particular to a multi-station synchronous rapid forming method and device for a complex structural member.

Background

In traditional laser processing equipment, carry out increase material processing earlier, subtract material processing again, increase and decrease material processing can not accomplish simultaneously, need go up unloading operation and relocation again, though there is partial increase and decrease material equipment complex at present, but there is the interference problem between each station, leads to increase and decrease material equipment complex to have certain limitation.

With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry in China, the customization demand of novel mechanical equipment is increasing day by day, and the structural integration and structural complexity degree of various parts are continuously improved. Meanwhile, in the aspect of processing high-performance complex parts, various requirements such as customization, high precision, high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, integration and integration are correspondingly provided. This provides a broad platform for development and technological improvement for additive/subtractive composite manufacturing techniques.

In order to further improve the processing precision and the surface quality of the additive forming part, a grinding processing link is required to be arranged in the material reducing process of the additive/material reducing composite manufacturing equipment. However, a large amount of grinding dust is generated during grinding, and under the condition that the sealing performance of the transmission system is insufficient, the grinding dust is easily accumulated on key transmission components such as a ball screw and a guide rod of the equipment and is seriously worn (at the moment, the grinding dust acts as abrasive particles), so that the subsequent working precision of the equipment and the service life of the transmission system of the equipment are seriously influenced.

The existing desktop type increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing equipment lacks the consideration of protecting the inert gas in the laser material increasing process. At present, a large proportion of high-performance complex parts are all made of metal materials, and the metal materials have relatively high requirements on oxidation resistance of a specific gas environment in the process of laser additive rapid forming. Therefore, when the workpiece raw material is made of a metal material, the metal material is easily oxidized due to the lack of the protection of inert gas in the laser material increasing process, so that the forming quality of the metal material is influenced, and the method is narrow in application range and not suitable for processing the metal material. In addition, when the material is ground and cut, the splashed metal material may cause a safety hazard to an operator. The additive processing equipment of the existing additive/subtractive composite manufacturing equipment is only used for forming and manufacturing a specific or appointed material, and the consideration of composite material parts is lacked. Particularly, the material reducing processing link is really developed comprehensively with diversity and diversification. Generally, the material reducing part is only used for cutting (mainly milling) one surface in the material forming process. For part of complex parts, the parts need to be further ground after material increasing/reducing processing, but the material reducing function is not complete, so that the flexibility of the material reducing processing is lower under special working conditions. In summary, the existing material increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing technology and equipment design still have many defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multi-station synchronous rapid forming method and a multi-station synchronous rapid forming device for a complex structural part.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a multi-station synchronous rapid forming method of a complex structural part comprises the following steps: placing a workpiece on a composite workbench, starting a material increase module to emit laser to melt the workpiece, feeding raw materials to the lower part of the material increase module by a wire feeding module, melting and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece under the action of the laser, starting a grinding material reduction module to synchronously perform side material reduction processing on the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the composite workbench and the material increase module or the grinding material reduction module according to a preset requirement, moving the material increase module upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the changing of the relative position of the workpiece on the composite workbench and the additive module or the grinding material reducing module according to the preset requirement comprises one or more of the following modes:

A. moving the composite workbench along the X direction and/or the Y direction according to a preset requirement;

B. opening a rotary driving mechanism in a gantry crane beam to drive a linkage beam to rotate, and driving an additive module and a grinding and material reducing module to rotate by the linkage beam; and/or

C. Opening a module driving motor in the linkage beam to drive a module horizontal ball screw to rotate, and driving the material adding module and/or the grinding material reducing module to translate along the horizontal direction;

the material reducing processing specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel of the grinding material reduction module until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece; and/or

And adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module, and starting the laser material reducing module to emit laser to reduce the material on the side surface of the workpiece.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

the compound workbench comprises a lower workbench and an upper workbench linked with the lower workbench, and the specific steps of moving the compound workbench comprise: starting a second servo motor to drive the X-direction ball screw to drive the lower workbench to move along the X direction; and/or

And starting the first servo motor to drive the Y-direction ball screw to drive the upper workbench to move along the Y direction.

The specific steps of moving the additive module upwards comprise: and starting a driving motor to drive a Z-direction ball screw to drive a gantry crane beam to move upwards, and synchronously driving a material increase module and a grinding material reduction module below a linkage beam to move upwards by the gantry crane beam.

As a general inventive concept, the invention also provides a multi-station synchronous rapid forming device of a complex structural member, which comprises a fixed base, a gantry crane, an additive module, a grinding material reducing module and a composite workbench, wherein the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane beam and a gantry crane upright post, the gantry crane beam is positioned above the composite workbench, the gantry crane upright post is positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam and is fixed on the fixed base, the additive module and the grinding material reducing module are positioned on the gantry crane beam and are used for additive and subtractive processing of parts on the composite workbench, the multi-station synchronous rapid forming device comprises a laser material reducing module, a linkage beam and a rotary driving mechanism, the laser material reducing module is arranged below the gantry crane beam, and the laser material reducing module is used for subtractive processing of parts on the composite workbench; the material increasing module and the material reducing grinding module are mounted at the lower part of the linkage beam and can horizontally move relative to the linkage beam, and the linkage beam rotates under the driving of the rotary driving mechanism.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

the gantry crane beam comprises a beam shell, the beam shell is provided with a rotating cavity penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the beam shell and a fixing cavity communicated with the rotating cavity, and a hanging fixing ring is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the rotating cavity in the circumferential direction;

the rotary driving mechanism comprises a disc bevel gear, a driving bevel gear, a suspension bracket, a rolling bearing and a rotary driving motor, wherein the disc bevel gear, the driving bevel gear, the suspension bracket and the rolling bearing are positioned in a rotary cavity, the rotary driving motor is positioned in a fixed cavity, the suspension bracket is placed on a suspension fixing ring, the outer wall of the suspension bracket is connected with the inner wall of the rotary cavity in a matched mode through the rolling bearing, the disc bevel gear is fixed on the suspension bracket and matched with the driving bevel gear, the rotary driving motor drives the driving bevel gear to rotate to drive the suspension bracket to rotate, and the linkage beam is fixed on the lower portion of the suspension bracket.

The suspension bracket comprises a suspension supporting part, an upper supporting circular table part and a lower supporting circular table part are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the suspension supporting part, the linkage cross beam is fixed at the bottom of the lower supporting circular table part, the inner hole of the disc bevel gear is sleeved outside the upper supporting circular table part and is fixed, the suspension supporting part is placed on a suspension fixing ring, and the outer wall of the suspension supporting part is matched with the inner wall of the rotary cavity through a rolling bearing.

The rotary cavity is further provided with a wire feeding module, the wire feeding module comprises a wire feeding big roller and a big roller support, and the big roller support is located at two ends of the wire feeding big roller and is fixed on a disc bevel gear web.

A horizontal driving device for driving the material increasing module and the material reducing grinding module to move along the horizontal direction is arranged in the linkage beam; the horizontal driving device comprises a module driving motor, a module supporting seat and a module horizontal ball screw, the module driving motor drives the module horizontal ball screw to rotate, the module horizontal ball screw is supported in the linkage cross beam through the module supporting seat, and the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module are respectively connected and matched with the module horizontal ball screw.

The composite workbench comprises an upper workbench and a lower workbench, and the lower workbench is connected below the upper workbench;

the device comprises a fixed base, a lower workbench, a plurality of connecting plates, a plurality of X-direction ball screws and a plurality of X-direction servo motors, wherein the fixed base comprises an upper base, the second servo motors and the X-direction ball screws are fixed on the lower portion of the upper base;

the upper workbench comprises an upper flat plate and a lower sliding block located below the upper flat plate, the upper portion of the lower flat plate is provided with a guide groove, and the lower sliding block is in sliding fit with the guide groove.

The device comprises a beam driving mechanism, wherein the beam driving mechanism comprises a driving motor arranged in a gantry crane upright, a plurality of Z-direction ball screws and a screw connecting piece, one of the Z-direction ball screws is driven to rotate by the driving motor, one end of the screw connecting piece is fixedly connected with the gantry crane beam, the other end of the screw connecting piece is sleeved with the Z-direction ball screws and driven by the Z-direction ball screws to move along the Z direction, and the Z-direction ball screws are provided with ball screw supporting seats used for fixing the Z-direction ball screws in the gantry crane upright.

The grinding material reducing module comprises a small grinding wheel stand column, a small grinding wheel, a grinding wheel motor, a grinding wheel swing shaft and a grinding wheel swing column, wherein the small grinding wheel is located outside the small grinding wheel stand column and used for grinding a workpiece, the grinding wheel motor, the grinding wheel swing shaft and the grinding wheel swing column are located in the small grinding wheel stand column, the grinding wheel motor drives the grinding wheel swing shaft horizontally arranged to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft and the small grinding wheel.

The grinding material cutting module further comprises two conical gears which are in meshed transmission with each other, one of the conical gears is fixed on the grinding wheel swinging shaft, and the grinding wheel motor drives one of the conical gears to rotate so as to drive the grinding wheel swinging shaft to rotate.

The bottom of the small grinding wheel upright post is provided with a wedge-shaped groove.

The grinding material cutting module and the linkage cross beam are detachably connected.

And two ends of the grinding wheel swing shaft are fixed on the inner side wall of the small grinding wheel upright post.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. according to the invention, the linkage beam is adopted to integrate the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module, the linkage beam is rotated by the rotary driving mechanism to drive the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module to rotate, the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module are rotated to any position of a workpiece, the movement of the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module is matched so as to meet the requirement of multi-directional processing of complex parts, various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces can be processed, particularly, a revolving body with a curve central axis and a complex curved surface composite material can be processed and formed, the rotation of a small grinding wheel is realized by swinging of a grinding wheel shaft of the material grinding and reducing module, the side wall of the part at any angle can be attached under the rotation of the material grinding and reducing module, the constraint of the complex structure part on the traditional grinding process is relieved, and the production flexibility of the equipment is further improved.

2. The invention adopts a novel multi-shaft linkage transmission composite working platform, arranges a second servo motor for controlling single-shaft transmission below the base, and forms a multi-shaft composite transmission motion form by the sliding fit of the lower sliding block and the guide groove of the upper working platform and the lower working platform. On one hand, the mass of parts such as a motor is concentrated under the base, the gravity center of the whole equipment device is reduced, the motion load of a workbench is reduced, and the efficiency of high efficiency and energy conservation is realized while the stability of the equipment device is improved; on the other hand, the independent single-axial movement of the composite double-layer workbench is adopted to realize the positioning of the workpiece at any point in the working plane, the current situation of single-degree-of-freedom movement of the traditional working platform is broken through, and the design of a driving system of a processing module is simplified.

3. The invention designs a more perfect sealing structure of the transmission system by combining the transmission characteristics of the equipment. A transmission systems such as X to ball and the Y that is used for under the drive workstation of workstation place under the base to ball for X, and X is to ball and its corresponding bar hole dislocation set, even if the abrasive dust enters into the bar downthehole and drops downwards, do not influence X to ball's transmission yet, the life of transmission part has been prolonged, meanwhile, the outer sleeve is installed outward to the inner guide arm of telescopic link, the inner skleeve, realize complicated transmission system's totally closed lubrication, prevent the infiltration and the pile up of abrasive dust. On one hand, the abrasive dust is prevented from being accumulated in a transmission system, the transmission system is prevented from being worn, and the service life of the transmission system is prolonged; on the other hand, the equipment transmission and the machining precision are improved, and integrated machining is realized.

4. The invention designs the air-tight protective cover (namely the outer cover) with proper size performance, pays attention to the integral air tightness and protection performance of the equipment, ensures the integral air tightness of the device while completely not influencing the stability of a transmission system, is suitable for forming and processing various material parts capable of being processed by laser additive materials including metal materials, has extremely strong work adaptability aiming at diversified processing objects, and greatly expands the working service range of the equipment. The outer cover is isolated from the external environment, and can form a protective gas environment in a negative pressure state, so that the safety of operators is protected while the high-temperature oxidation of materials is prevented.

5. This device is for once installation increase and decrease material synchronous processing, compares with traditional multistation processing mode, and this equipment has saved dismantlement many times and installation work piece to and steps such as artifical transport work piece, greatly shortened operating time, improved work efficiency, reduced time cost and cost of labor.

6. The device adopts a desktop design, has a small integral structure and limited occupied space, can save a large amount of position space in work, and simultaneously has higher portability and flexibility, thereby realizing greater popularization in production.

7. During the operation of the device, the working moving path of each processing part is shorter, so that the whole processing flow is shortened, the production period of the workpiece is further shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Under the processing advantages of short flow and short period, the energy consumed by the equipment for producing a single part is synchronously reduced along with the reduction of the production period, so that the energy consumption period in the part production process is correspondingly shortened, and the requirements of low energy consumption and low emission are indirectly met.

8. The material increasing module and the material reducing module are modularized devices, so that the device is simple and convenient to replace and maintain. The device adopts the paraxial wire feeding laser melting additive manufacturing technology (the additive module is provided with a wire feeding head and a laser head, and the wire feeding head and the laser head are provided with included angles) to be compounded with the grinding wheel grinding technology (small grinding wheels for grinding the additive module and the like), the production flexibility is high, and the device has extremely high conformity with the mixed flow assembly line which is widely applied in the current manufacturing industry.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the main body of the invention with the cover parts removed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane and a material adding and reducing module according to the invention.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the internal structure of a gantry crane beam of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a top view of a gantry crane beam of the present invention (with the beam cover and other parts removed).

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the hanger of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a top view of the hanger of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane beam of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the linkage beam and the material adding and reducing module according to the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the connection between the material adding and reducing module and the horizontal driving device according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the ground stock module of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the grinding stock removal module of the present invention (with the small grinding wheel posts removed).

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of an additive module of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic connection diagram of a gantry crane beam and a beam driving mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 17 is an installation schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the inner beam of the gantry crane upright post.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the stationary base and the composite table of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of the compound table and its driving device of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a top view of the compound table and its drive of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a schematic structural view (another perspective) of a composite table and a driving device thereof according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the telescopic rod of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a partial sectional view at C in fig. 20.

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the construction of the lower table of the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper table of the present invention.

Fig. 26 is a schematic structural view of the upper base of the present invention.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a part which can be processed at one time in the invention.

Fig. 28 is a schematic structural view of another part which can be processed at one time according to the invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a fixed base; 101. an upper base; 1011. a strip-shaped hole; 102. a lower bottom shell; 2. a housing; 3. a storage door; 4. a gantry crane; 41. a gantry crane beam; 411. a beam cover; 412. a beam housing; 4121. a rotating chamber; 4122. a fixed cavity; 4123. hanging a fixed ring; 42. a gantry crane upright post; 5. an upper working table; 501. an upper flat plate; 5011. a plate through hole; 502. a lower slide block; 6. a lower working table; 601. a lower flat plate; 6011. a guide groove; 6012. a limiting block; 602. a connecting plate; 6021. a vertical plate; 6022. a transverse plate; 60221. a limiting hole; 7. an additive module; 71. a laser head; 72. feeding a filament head; 73. laser joint; 74. a material increase slide block; 75. laser upright post; 8. grinding and cutting the material module; 81. a small grinding wheel; 82. a small grinding wheel column; 821. a wedge-shaped groove; 84. a column joint; 85. a grinding wheel motor; 86. a grinding wheel swing shaft; 87. a grinding wheel swing column; 88. a bevel gear; 89. a material reducing slide block; 9. a linkage beam; 10. a telescopic rod; 1001. an outer sleeve; 1002. an inner sleeve; 1003. an inner guide rod; 11. a telescopic baffle; 111. a middle baffle; 112. an end baffle; 12. the telescopic rod fixing block; 13. a side plate; 14. a fixing plate; 15. a first servo motor; 16. a Y-direction ball screw; 17. a second servo motor; 18. an X-direction ball screw; 21. a gear guard; 22. a disc bevel gear; 23. a wire feeding module; 231. a large wire feeding roller; 232. a large roller support; 24. a driving bevel gear; 25. a rotary drive motor; 27. a suspension bracket; 271. a suspension support; 272. an upper support circular table portion; 273. a lower support circular table portion; 2731. a beam groove; 28. a rolling bearing; 26. a material fixing mechanism; 261. a small roller; 262. a small roller support; 31. the module drives the motor; 32. a module support seat; 33. a modular horizontal ball screw; 50. a drive motor; 52. a Z-direction ball screw; 53. a lead screw connector; 51. a ball screw supporting seat; 60. supporting a positioning block; 70. laser subtracts material module.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 26, the multi-station synchronous rapid forming device for a complex structural member of the present invention includes a fixed base 1, a gantry crane 4, a material increase module 7, a grinding material reduction module 8, and a composite workbench, wherein the gantry crane 4 includes a gantry crane beam 41 and a gantry crane column 42, the gantry crane beam 41 is located above the composite workbench, the gantry crane column 42 is located at two ends of the gantry crane beam 41 and is fixed on the fixed base 1, the material increase module 7, the grinding material reduction module 8, and the laser material reduction module 70 are located on the gantry crane beam 41 and perform material increase and reduction processing on parts on the composite workbench, the multi-station synchronous rapid forming device includes a linkage beam 9 and a rotation driving mechanism, the laser material reduction module 70 is located below the gantry crane beam 42, and the laser material reduction module 70 is used for performing material reduction processing on the parts on the composite workbench; the rotary driving mechanism is positioned in a gantry crane beam 41, the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 are arranged at the lower part of the linkage beam 9 and can horizontally move relative to the linkage beam 9, and the linkage beam 9 is driven by the rotary driving mechanism to rotate. According to the invention, the linkage beam 9 is adopted to integrate the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8, the linkage beam 9 is rotated through the rotary driving mechanism to drive the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to rotate, the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are rotated to any position of a workpiece, and the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are matched with movement of the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8, so that the requirement of multi-direction processing of complex parts is met, and various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces can be processed.

The laser material reducing modules 70 are arranged at two end parts of the gantry crane beam 42 and comprise material reducing laser heads and material reducing supporting pieces, one ends of the material reducing supporting pieces are connected to the gantry crane beam 41, the other ends of the material reducing laser heads are connected with the material reducing laser heads, the material reducing laser heads can rotate on YZ planes relative to the material reducing supporting pieces, angles between laser emission directions and horizontal directions of the material reducing laser heads are in a range of 90 degrees to 90 degrees, laser material reduction can be carried out on places where the material reducing modules 8 cannot be ground in a grinding mode, and particularly when the outer surface of a target product is provided with grooves with downward openings and material reduction needs to be carried out on the surfaces of the grooves.

When the outer surface of the target product is provided with a groove with a downward opening and the material reduction needs to be carried out on the surface of the groove, the laser emission direction of the material reduction laser head is adjusted, and the material reduction laser head is opened to emit laser to carry out laser material reduction processing on the side face of the workpiece.

The material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 on the linkage cross beam 9 can move along the linkage cross beam 9, so that the degree of freedom of the working module is greatly widened, and the production flexibility of the whole equipment is improved.

As shown in fig. 3-10, the gantry crane beam 41 includes a beam housing 412, the beam housing 412 is provided with a rotating cavity 4121 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the beam housing 412 and a fixing cavity 4122 communicated with the rotating cavity 4121, and a suspension fixing ring 4123 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the rotating cavity 4121 in the circumferential direction; the rotary driving mechanism comprises a disc bevel gear 22, a driving bevel gear 24, a suspension bracket 27, a rolling bearing 28 and a rotary driving motor 25, wherein the disc bevel gear 22, the driving bevel gear 24, the suspension bracket 27 and the rolling bearing 28 are positioned in a rotary cavity 4121, the rotary driving motor 25 is positioned in a fixed cavity 4122, the suspension bracket 27 is placed on a suspension fixed ring 4123, the outer wall of the suspension bracket 27 is connected with the inner wall of the rotary cavity 4121 in a matched mode through the rolling bearing 28, the disc bevel gear 22 is fixed on the suspension bracket 27 and matched with the driving bevel gear 24, the rotary driving motor 25 drives the driving bevel gear 24 to rotate to drive the suspension bracket 27 to rotate, and the linkage beam 9 is fixed at the lower portion of the suspension bracket 27.

The gantry crane beam 41 further comprises a beam cover 411, and the beam cover 411 is covered on the beam housing 412 to seal the rotating cavity 4121 and the fixed cavity 4122.

As shown in fig. 7-9, the suspension bracket 27 includes a suspension support portion 271, an upper support circular table portion 272 and a lower support circular table portion 273 are respectively provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the suspension support portion 271, the linkage cross beam 9 is fixed at the bottom of the lower support circular table portion 273, the inner hole of the disc bevel gear 22 is sleeved outside the upper support circular table portion 272 and fixed, the suspension support portion 271 is placed on the suspension fixing ring 4123, the outer wall of the suspension support portion 271 is matched with the inner wall of the rotating cavity 4121 through the rolling bearing 28, the rotation of the suspension bracket 27 is realized, and the sliding friction is reduced. The lower supporting circular table part 273 is provided with a beam groove 2731 for placing the fixed linkage beam 9, so that the lower supporting circular table part is convenient to disassemble and maintain

As shown in fig. 5-6, the rotating chamber 4121 is further provided with a wire feeding module 23, the wire feeding module 23 includes a large wire feeding roller 231 and a large roller support 232, and the large roller support 232 is located at two ends of the large wire feeding roller 231 and fixed on the web of the disc bevel gear 22. The wire feeding module 23 is used for storing the wire of the processing material and synchronously feeding the wire during work. In this embodiment, the large wire feeding rollers 231 are symmetrically arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, so that the wire feeding is ensured not to be wound when the disc bevel gear 22 is rotated, and the centrifugal force can be mutually offset.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, a gear protection cover 21 is further disposed in the rotation chamber 4121, the gear protection cover 21 is disposed between the wire feeding module 23 and the gear portion of the disc bevel gear 22 to isolate the wire feeding module 23 from the gear portion of the disc bevel gear 22, and the lower end of the gear protection cover 21 is disposed on the web of the disc bevel gear 22 and the upper end thereof abuts against the cross beam cover 411, so as to stabilize the disc bevel gear 22.

In this embodiment, a through hole is formed in the suspension bracket 27, and the wire feeding module 23 feeds the wire to the through hole and reaches the additive module 7 for additive processing.

The rotating cavity 4121 is positioned in the right middle of the gantry crane beam 41 and is in a disc shape, the rotating driving motor 25 on one side of the gantry crane beam 41 drives the disc bevel gear 22 in the rotating cavity 4121 of the gantry crane beam 41 to rotate, the suspension bracket 27 is connected with the inner wall of the rotating cavity 4121 through the rolling bearing 28, and the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 below the suspension bracket 27 rotate relative to the gantry crane beam 41 by taking the Z axis as the center.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, a horizontal driving device for driving the additive module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move in the horizontal direction is arranged in the linkage beam 9; horizontal drive arrangement includes module driving motor 31, module supporting seat 32 and module horizontal ball 33, and module driving motor 31 drive module horizontal ball 33 rotates, and module horizontal ball 33 passes through module supporting seat 32 and supports in linkage crossbeam 9, and material increase module 7, grinding subtract 8 upper portions of material module and be connected the cooperation with module horizontal ball 33 respectively.

As shown in fig. 12, in the present embodiment, the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 share the same horizontal driving device of the same linkage beam 9. When the module driving motor 31 is started, the material adding module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 are close to or far away from each other and move towards or away from each other as a whole. The same horizontal driving device comprises a module horizontal ball screw 33, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively assembled on the module horizontal ball screws 33 with opposite rotation directions, the module horizontal ball screw 33 comprises two horizontal screws and an elastic coupling used for connecting the two horizontal screws, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively installed on the two horizontal screws through horizontal screw nuts, and the rotation directions of the two horizontal screw nuts are opposite (the rotation directions of the horizontal screw nuts are the same as the rotation directions of the horizontal screw nuts and the horizontal screw screws to which the horizontal screw nuts belong respectively). The module driving motor 31 drives one of the horizontal lead screws to rotate, and transmits torque to the other horizontal lead screw through the elastic coupling. When the module driving motor 31 rotates forwards, the two horizontal screw nuts on the horizontal screw gradually approach to each other; when the module driving motor 31 rotates reversely, the two horizontal screw nuts on the horizontal screw gradually get away from each other. The linkage beam 9 is connected with the horizontal lead screw through the module driving motor 31 in a transmission mode, two horizontal lead screw nuts which are in reverse fit are controlled to move in opposite directions, and the linkage effect of the material adding module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 is achieved.

In other embodiments, two horizontal driving devices are used on the same linkage beam 9 to drive the additive module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively, the module horizontal ball screws 33 of the two horizontal driving devices rotate in opposite directions, and the module driving motor 31 in the linkage beam 9 is used for controlling the movement of the additive module 7 or the grinding material reducing module 8 in the horizontal direction. One linkage crossbeam 9 is furnished with two sets of horizontal drive arrangement in and is used for controlling vibration material disk module 7 and grinding respectively and subtracts material module 8, for adopting same horizontal drive arrangement to drive vibration material disk module 7, grinding simultaneously and subtract material module 8, two sets of horizontal drive arrangement have reduced every module horizontal ball 33's bearing capacity, have improved portal crane stand 42's heavy burden ability to location accuracy and stability in the middle of the work have been strengthened.

As shown in fig. 15, the additive module 7 includes a laser head 71, a wire feeding head 72, a laser joint 73, an additive slider 74 and a laser upright post 75, the additive slider 74 is connected and matched with the module horizontal ball screw 33, the laser joint 73 is connected between the additive slider 74 and the laser upright post 75, and the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 are located below the laser upright post 75. In this embodiment, the material adding slider 74 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads, the material adding slider is sleeved on the module horizontal ball screw 33, and the material adding slider 74 penetrates through the gantry crane beam 41 from the module horizontal ball screw 33 to be connected with the laser joint 73.

As shown in FIGS. 12 and 15, a material fixing mechanism 26 is disposed above the feeding port of the wire feeding head 72, the material fixing mechanism 26 includes a small roller support 262 and two small rollers 261, and the two small rollers 261 are supported on the small roller support 262 for positioning the raw material wires. And a round groove with the size equivalent to that of the wire is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261 of the sizing mechanism 26, so that the accuracy is enhanced.

As shown in fig. 15, the laser emission direction of the laser head 71 and the wire feeding direction of the wire feeding head 72 form a certain included angle α, the included angle α between the laser emission direction and the wire feeding direction is 45 ° (in other embodiments, α is greater than 0 and less than 90 ° can achieve the same or similar technical effect), when the laser emitter emits laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, the wire feeding module 23 synchronously feeds the wire, and sends the material into the molten pool, thereby improving the processing efficiency and realizing the synchronous wire feeding during the material adding process. A small roller 261 is arranged on the wire feeding head 72, a round groove equivalent to wires is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261, accuracy is enhanced, and wire feeding holes for raw wires to pass through are formed in the upper portion of the wire feeding head 72 below the two small rollers 261.

According to the invention, through the circular motion executed by the linkage beam 9, the horizontal movement of the upper workbench 5 and the lower workbench 6 and the reasonable matching of the angle alpha adjustment of the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 in the material increasing module 7, the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 only need to perform short-distance horizontal movement on the linkage beam 9 (synchronous linkage can be performed between the two modules and independent movement can also be performed, and the relative movement mode is very flexible), and the real-time synchronous processing of two material increasing and material reducing stations (the two stations keep the distance of half rotation period and do not need additional station adjustment) of a revolving body of a complex structural part can be effectively realized. The synchronous processing mode can flexibly and efficiently finish high-precision material reduction processing of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of a complex structural member, strictly controls the height of the mass center of the whole equipment to improve the stability under the reasonable motion matching and transmission arrangement design of independent control of multiple degrees of freedom, basically realizes gapless fusion of two stations, saves a large amount of working hours and energy consumption required by station conversion, further shortens the processing flow and the production period, and highlights the advantages of short flow and near-net forming of the synchronous composite processing method of multi-station integration.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the grinding material reducing module 8 includes a small grinding wheel 81, a small grinding wheel column 82, a column joint 84, a grinding wheel swing shaft 86, a grinding wheel swing column 87, two bevel gears 88 and a material reducing slide block 89 which are meshed with each other for transmission, the material reducing slide block 89 is connected with the module horizontal ball screw 33, the upper end of the column joint 84 is connected with the material reducing slide block 89, the lower end of the column joint 84 is connected with the small grinding wheel column 82, a grinding wheel motor 85 is coaxial with one of the bevel gears 88, the other bevel gear 88 is fixedly connected with the small grinding wheel column 82 through the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 which is transversely arranged, the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 is vertically connected with the grinding wheel swing column 87, and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column 87 is connected with the small grinding wheel 81, thereby, the grinding precision of the curved surface is enhanced by driving the grinding wheel swing shaft 86, and the grinding processing is performed by meeting the angle of the side surface of the workpiece. In this embodiment, the material reducing slider 89 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads, the material reducing slider 89 is sleeved outside the module horizontal ball screw 33, and the material reducing slider 89 penetrates through the linkage cross beam 9 from the module horizontal ball screw 33 to be connected with the column joint 84.

The bottom of the small grinding wheel column 82 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove 821, which not only ensures the rotation of the small grinding wheel 81, but also plays a certain sealing role.

The laser upright column 75 and the small grinding wheel upright column 82 are in modular design, and are convenient to install, maintain and replace.

As shown in fig. 18 to 25, the compound table includes an upper table 5 and a lower table 6, and the lower table 6 is attached below the upper table 5; the fixed base 1 comprises an upper base 101, the device further comprises a second servo motor 17 and a plurality of X-direction ball screws 18 which are fixed on the lower portion of the upper base 101, the lower workbench 6 comprises a lower flat plate 601 and a plurality of connecting plates 602 which are positioned below the lower flat plate 601, the upper base 101 is provided with strip-shaped holes 1011 for the connecting plates 602 to pass through, the lower portions of the connecting plates 602 are connected with the X-direction ball screws 18, one X-direction ball screw 18 is driven by the second servo motor 17, and the X-direction ball screws 18 on the lower portion of the connecting plates 602 are arranged in a staggered mode with the strip-shaped holes 1011 corresponding to the connecting plates 602; the upper workbench 5 comprises an upper flat plate 501 and a lower sliding block 502 positioned below the upper flat plate 501, a guide groove 6011 is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate 601, and the lower sliding block 502 is in sliding fit with the guide groove 6011. The upper table 5 and the lower table 6 form a multi-axial compound transmission motion form through the sliding fit of the lower slide block 502 and the guide groove 6011.

In this embodiment, the fixing base 1 further includes a lower base 102, and the lower base 102 is located below the upper base 101 and is used for sealing and fixing devices such as the second servo motor 17 at the lower portion of the lower base 101.

On one hand, the second servo motor 17, the X-direction ball screw 18 and other parts are arranged at the lower part of the upper base 101 in a moving mode, the mass is concentrated under the upper base 101, the gravity center of the whole device is lowered, the moving load of a workbench is reduced, and the effects of high efficiency and energy saving are achieved while the stability of the device is improved; on the other hand, the independent single-axial movement of the composite double-layer workbench is adopted to realize the positioning of the workpiece at any point in the working plane, the current situation of single-degree-of-freedom movement of the traditional working platform is broken through, and the design of a driving system of a processing module is simplified; moreover, the strip-shaped holes 1011 of the X-direction ball screw 18 corresponding to the connecting plate 602 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that even if grinding chips fall into the strip-shaped holes during grinding, the grinding chips fall down along with the strip-shaped holes 1011, the motion of the X-direction ball screw 18 for transmission is not influenced, and the service life of the transmission part is prolonged.

In this embodiment, the connecting plate 602 includes a horizontal plate 6022 and a vertical plate 6021, one end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to the lower plate 601, the other end of the vertical plate 6021 is connected to one end of the horizontal plate 6022, the other end of the horizontal plate 6022 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 18, and the second servo motor 17 is connected to one end of one of the X-direction ball screws 18 and drives the X-direction ball screw 18 to rotate, so as to drive the horizontal plate 6022 to move along the X direction.

The horizontal plate 6022 is provided with a stopper hole 60221 on the side close to the X-direction ball screw 18, and the stopper hole 60221 is connected to the X-direction ball screw 18 in a concave-convex fit. In this embodiment, there are three X-direction ball screws 18, wherein the X-direction ball screw 18 located in the middle is connected to the second servo motor 17 and driven by the second servo motor 17, and is a driving member, and the X-direction ball screws 18 located on both sides are driven members, and play a certain supporting role. In this embodiment, the output end of the second servomotor 17 directly drives the X-direction ball screw 18. In other embodiments, the output end of the second servo motor 17 is connected with a gear, and the end of the X-direction ball screw 18 is provided with a gear, so that transmission is realized through the cooperation of the gear and the gear.

The three X-direction ball screws 18 are fixed below the upper base 101 by the support positioning block 60. In this embodiment, the supporting and positioning block 60 is made of rubber material.

The lower working table 6 further includes a limiting block 6012, and the limiting block 6012 is installed at one end of the guide groove 6011 and is used to block the movement of the lower slider 502. In this embodiment, the guide groove 6011 is a dovetail groove, the lower slider 502 is a dovetail slider, and the dovetail groove and the dovetail slider are connected to help the guide positioning and the supporting, and the limiting block 6012 is a rubber block.

The device also comprises at least two telescopic rods 10, a telescopic rod fixing block 12, a side plate 13, a fixing plate 14, a first servo motor 15 and a Y-direction ball screw 16, wherein the telescopic rod fixing block 12, the fixing plate 14, the first servo motor 15 and the Y-direction ball screw 16 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the upper base 101, and the upper workbench 5 is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12 through the telescopic rods 10; the two ends of the telescopic rod fixing block 12 are respectively sleeved with the fixing plate 14, the first servo motor 15 is fixed in the side hole of the upper base 101, the side hole is sealed through the fixing plate 14, the first servo motor 15 is connected with the Y-direction ball screw 16 and drives the Y-direction ball screw 16 to rotate, and the Y-direction ball screw 16 drives the telescopic rod fixing block 12 to move along the Y direction.

The Y-direction ball screw 16 is arranged below the side surface of the upper base 101 to extend the stroke, and a nut is connected to the cross plate to be slidable therein. The strip-shaped hole 1011 is clamped by two pieces of rubber to realize relative sealing, a telescopic baffle 11 is arranged on the upper base 101 between the upper workbench 5 and the telescopic rod fixing block 12, and the telescopic rod 10 penetrates the telescopic baffle 11 from the upper workbench 5 to be connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12. The retractable baffle 11 comprises a middle baffle 111 and two end baffles 112 sleeved outside the middle baffle 111, and the end baffles 112 are hollow, so that the retractable rod 10 can drive the middle baffle 111 to move and can also seal the middle baffle 111.

As shown in fig. 22 and 23, the telescopic rod 10 includes an inner guide rod 1003, a plurality of outer sleeves 1001 and an inner sleeve 1002, the outer sleeves 1001 and the inner sleeve 1002 are both sleeved outside the inner guide rod 1003 and symmetrically arranged along the upper workbench 5, the inner guide rod 1003 passes through the upper workbench 5 and is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, one end of the outer sleeve 1001 is connected with the telescopic rod fixing block 12, the other end is sleeved outside or inside the inner sleeve 1002 and is in sliding fit with the inner sleeve 1002, and the other end of the inner sleeve 1002 is connected with one side of the upper workbench 5. In this embodiment, the inner sleeve 1002 and the outer sleeve 1001 of the telescopic rod 10 are both hollow to realize sleeve joint, and the outer sleeve 1001 and the inner sleeve 1002 are installed outside the inner guide rod 1003 of the telescopic rod 10 to realize totally-enclosed lubrication of a complex transmission system, so that the inner guide rod 1003 coated with lubricating oil is isolated from the external working environment, and infiltration and accumulation of abrasive dust are prevented. On one hand, the bad accumulation of abrasive dust in a transmission system is prevented, the abrasion of the transmission system is avoided, and the service life of the transmission system is prolonged; on the other hand, the equipment transmission and the machining precision are improved, and integrated machining is realized.

In this embodiment, two sides of the upper plate 501 are provided with plate through holes 5011 through which the telescopic rods 10 pass.

The lower workbench 6 is connected with an X-direction ball screw 18 by a second servo motor 17 below the fixed base 1 for transmission, and drives the upper workbench 5 to move along the X-axis direction. The upper table 5 and the lower table 6 are fixed relative to each other in the X-axis direction. The upper workbench 5 and the lower workbench 6 are matched and fixed with the dovetail slide block through two dovetail grooves, the upper workbench 5 is driven by a telescopic rod 10 in the X-axis direction to realize the motion in the Y-axis direction, and the dovetail grooves of the lower workbench 6 play a role in guiding. The telescopic rod 10 driving the upper workbench 5 is fixed on telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 at two sides, and is respectively positioned at two sides of a moving interval of the lower workbench 6, and the telescopic rod fixing blocks 12 are driven by a first servo motor 15 and a Y-direction ball screw 16 below the fixed base 1. The upper workbench 5 is used for fixing a workpiece, and the workpiece moves in the X, Y axial direction in the plane of the base through the transmission mechanism, so that the workpiece can be positioned at any position in the plane of the processing area.

As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the device includes a beam driving mechanism, the beam driving mechanism includes a driving motor 50 installed in the gantry crane column 42, a plurality of Z-direction ball screws 52, and a screw connector 53, wherein one Z-direction ball screw 52 is driven by the driving motor 50 to rotate, one end of the screw connector 53 is connected and fixed with the gantry crane beam 41, the other end is sleeved with the Z-direction ball screw 52 and driven by the Z-direction ball screw 52 to move in the Z-direction, and ball screw supporting seats 51 for fixing the Z-direction ball screws 52 in the gantry crane column 42 are provided at two ends of the Z-direction ball screw 52.

The movement of the gantry beam 41 in the Z-axis direction is controlled by a driving motor 50 in the gantry column 42. The gantry crane beam 41 drives the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move up and down in the Z-axis direction under the fixing and driving action of the screw rod connecting pieces 53 on the two sides. In this embodiment, the beam driving mechanism is located at the upper half of the gantry crane column 42, and the driving motor 50 is a servo motor and respectively drives two Z-direction ball screws 52. An upright post inner hole is formed in the upper half part of an upright post 42 of the gantry crane, the beam driving mechanism is located in the upright post inner hole, a front groove for a lead screw connecting piece 53 to pass through is formed in one side, close to a gantry crane beam 41, of the upright post 42 of the gantry crane, and the front groove is communicated with the upright post inner hole. The column bore is divided into two sections by a horizontally disposed partition, one section accommodating the drive motor 50 and the other section accommodating other important parts of the beam drive mechanism. In other embodiments, the output end of the driving motor 50 is connected with a gear, and one end of the Z-direction ball screw 52 is also provided with a gear, and the gear is matched with the gear for transmission.

As shown in fig. 1, the device further comprises a housing 2, wherein the housing 2 is fixed on the fixed base 1 and separates the upper workbench 5, the lower workbench 6, the grinding material reducing module 8 and the material increasing module 7 from the outside. In this embodiment, unable adjustment base 1 top cover is equipped with dustcoat 2, has seted up on dustcoat 2 and has put the thing mouth, puts and installs the thing door 3 of putting that can close and open and put the thing mouth on putting the thing mouth. In this embodiment, dustcoat 2 is the translucent cover, is convenient for observe the behavior of core unit, and on the other hand, dustcoat 2 is used for sealed protection core unit, and operational environment and external environment in isolated equipment improve processingquality and operating personnel security.

The outer cover 2 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet for vacuumizing or introducing protective gas into the outer cover 2. In this embodiment, the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively and oppositely disposed on the sidewall of the housing 2 and respectively disposed near the upper portion and the lower portion of the housing 2. Generally, inert gas or protective gas such as carbon dioxide is heavier than air, an air inlet is arranged at the lower part, an air outlet is arranged at the upper part, slow air inlet is kept during the processing, and the inside of the outer cover 2 is in a negative high-pressure state.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

when laser processing work is carried out, the linkage of the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 is controlled through the linkage cross beam 9, the distance between the two modules is changed to be proper through the horizontal driving device, and the workpiece is enabled to generate displacement of a preset processing path relative to the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 through controlling the movement of the upper workbench 5 and the lower workbench 6 and rotating and matching with the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8. In the additive machining process, the wire feeding module 23 synchronously feeds wires, the wires are fused and deposited under the action of laser, the moving path of the small grinding wheel 81 of the grinding and material reducing module 8 is always followed at the rear side of the machining path of the additive module 7 through the rotary driving mechanism, and the small grinding wheel 81 generates certain angle deviation to grind the side surface of the workpiece, so that the material increasing and reducing synchronous machining of the workpiece is realized.

The invention discloses a multi-station synchronous rapid forming method of a complex structural part, which comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a composite workbench, starting the material increase module 7 to emit laser to melt the workpiece, feeding raw materials to the position below the material increase module 7 by the wire feeding module 23, melting and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece under the action of the laser, starting the grinding material reduction module 8 to synchronously perform side material reduction processing on the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the composite workbench and the material increase module 7 or the grinding material reduction module 8 according to preset requirements, moving the material increase module 7 upwards after reaching a preset thickness layer, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the change of the relative positions of the workpiece on the composite workbench and the additive module 7 or the grinding material reducing module 8 according to the preset requirements comprises one or more of the following modes:

A. moving the composite workbench along the X direction and/or the Y direction according to a preset requirement; and/or

B. A rotary driving mechanism in the gantry crane beam 41 is started to drive the linkage beam 9 to rotate, and the linkage beam 9 drives the material increase module 7 and the grinding material reduction module 8 to rotate; and/or

C. And opening a module driving motor 31 in the linkage beam 9 to drive a module horizontal ball screw 33 to rotate, and driving the material adding module 7 and/or the grinding material reducing module 8 to translate along the horizontal direction.

The material reducing processing specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel 81 of the grinding material cutting module 8 until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side surface of the workpiece to grind the side surface of the workpiece; and/or

And adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module 70, and starting the laser material reducing module 70 to emit laser to reduce the material of the side surface of the workpiece.

The specific steps of moving the composite workbench comprise: starting a second servo motor 17 to drive an X-direction ball screw 18 to drive the lower workbench 6 to move along the X direction; and/or

The first servo motor 15 is started to drive the Y-direction ball screw 16 to drive the upper workbench 5 to move along the Y direction.

The specific steps of moving additive module 7 upward include: and starting the driving motor 50 to drive the Z-direction ball screw 52 to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to move upwards, and the gantry crane beam 41 synchronously drives the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 below the linkage beam 9 to move upwards.

In the present invention, the direction along the length of the X-direction ball screw 18 is the X-direction, the direction along the length of the Y-direction ball screw 16 is the Y-direction, and the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the table 5 is the z-direction. The invention can be used for integrally forming parts with round holes or square holes (as shown in fig. 27, the right side of fig. 27 is a half-sectional view of a line D-D in the left side), parts with complex structures such as parts of fixed seats, parts of rotary bodies and the like, the central axes of which change along the vertical direction, parts with side holes on the side surfaces (as shown in fig. 28, the right side of fig. 28 is a half-sectional view of a line E-E in the left side) and the like, and has wide application range.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-station synchronous rapid forming method of a complex structural part is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: placing a workpiece on a composite workbench, starting an additive module (7) to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, feeding a wire module (23) to deliver raw materials to the lower part of the additive module (7), melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding and material reducing module (8) to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative position of the workpiece on the composite workbench and the additive module (7) or the grinding and material reducing module (8), moving the additive module (7) upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting the additive processing of the next thickness layer;

the change of the relative positions of the workpiece and the additive material module (7) or the grinding material reducing module (8) on the composite workbench comprises one or more of the following modes:

A. moving the compound workbench along the X direction and/or the Y direction;

B. a rotary driving mechanism in a gantry crane beam (41) is started to drive a linkage beam (9) to rotate, and the linkage beam (9) drives an additive module (7) and a grinding and material reducing module (8) to synchronously rotate;

C. a module driving motor (31) in the linkage beam (9) is started to drive a module horizontal ball screw (33) to rotate, and the material adding module (7) and/or the grinding material reducing module (8) are/is driven to translate along the horizontal direction;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating a small grinding wheel (81) of the grinding material cutting module (8) until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece; and

and adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module (70), and starting the laser material reducing module (70) to emit laser to reduce the material of the side surface of the workpiece.

2. The multi-station synchronous rapid prototyping method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the compound workbench comprises a lower workbench (6) and an upper workbench (5) linked with the lower workbench (6), and the specific steps of moving the compound workbench along the X direction and/or the Y direction comprise: a second servo motor (17) is started to drive the X-direction ball screw (18) to drive the lower workbench (6) to move along the X direction; and/or

And starting a first servo motor (15) to drive a Y-direction ball screw (16) to drive the upper workbench (5) to move along the Y direction.

3. The multi-station synchronous rapid prototyping method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the specific step of moving the additive module (7) upwards comprises: a driving motor (50) of the beam driving mechanism is started to drive a Z-direction ball screw (52) to drive a gantry crane beam (41) to move upwards, and the gantry crane beam (41) synchronously drives an additive module (7) and a grinding and material reducing module (8) below a linkage beam (9) to move upwards.

4. The utility model provides a synchronous quick forming device of multistation of complicated structure, includes unable adjustment base (1), portal crane (4), vibration material disk piece (7), grinding subtracts material disk piece (8), composite operation platform, portal crane (4) include portal crane crossbeam (41) and portal crane stand (42), and portal crane crossbeam (41) are located the composite operation platform top, and portal crane stand (42) are located portal crane crossbeam (41) both ends and are fixed in unable adjustment base (1), vibration material disk piece (7), grinding subtract material disk piece (8) and are located portal crane crossbeam (41) and increase and decrease material processing, its characterized in that to the part on the composite operation platform:

the multi-station synchronous rapid forming device comprises a laser material reducing module (70), a linkage beam (9) and a rotary driving mechanism, wherein the laser material reducing module (70) is arranged below a gantry crane beam (42), and the laser material reducing module (70) is used for reducing materials of parts on a composite workbench; the rotary driving mechanism is positioned in a gantry crane beam (41), the material increasing module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) are mounted at the lower part of the linkage beam (9) and can horizontally move relative to the linkage beam (9), and the linkage beam (9) rotates under the driving of the rotary driving mechanism.

5. The multi-station synchronous rapid prototyping device of claim 4, wherein: the gantry crane beam (41) comprises a beam shell (412), the beam shell (412) is provided with a rotating cavity (4121) penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the beam shell (412) and a fixing cavity (4122) communicated with the rotating cavity (4121), and the bottom of the rotating cavity (4121) is circumferentially and horizontally provided with a hanging fixing ring (4123);

the rotary driving mechanism comprises a disc bevel gear (22), a driving bevel gear (24), a suspension frame (27), a rolling bearing (28) and a rotary driving motor (25), wherein the disc bevel gear (22), the driving bevel gear (24), the suspension frame (27) and the rolling bearing (28) are positioned in a rotary cavity (4121), the rotary driving motor (25) is positioned in a fixed cavity (4122), the suspension frame (27) is placed on a suspension fixed ring (4123), the outer wall of the suspension frame (27) is connected with the inner wall of the rotary cavity (4121) in a matched mode through the rolling bearing (28), the disc bevel gear (22) is fixed on the suspension frame (27) and matched with the driving bevel gear (24), the rotary driving motor (25) drives the driving bevel gear (24) to rotate to drive the suspension frame (27) to rotate, and the linkage beam (9) is fixed to the lower portion of the suspension frame (27).

6. The multi-station synchronous rapid prototyping apparatus as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the suspension frame (27) comprises a suspension support part (271), an upper support circular table part (272) and a lower support circular table part (273) are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the suspension support part (271), the linkage cross beam (9) is fixed at the bottom of the lower support circular table part (273), an inner hole of the disc bevel gear (22) is sleeved outside the upper support circular table part (272) and is fixed, the suspension support part (271) is placed on a suspension fixing ring (4123), and the outer wall of the suspension support part (271) is matched with the inner wall of the rotating cavity (4121) through a rolling bearing (28).

7. A multi-station synchronous rapid prototyping device as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6 wherein: a horizontal driving device for driving the material increasing module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) to move along the horizontal direction is arranged in the linkage cross beam (9); horizontal drive arrangement includes module driving motor (31), module supporting seat (32) and module horizontal ball (33), module driving motor (31) drive module horizontal ball (33) and rotate, module horizontal ball (33) support in linkage crossbeam (9) through module supporting seat (32), material increase module (7), grinding subtract material module (8) upper portion and be connected the cooperation with module horizontal ball (33) respectively.

8. The multi-station synchronous rapid prototyping device of any one of claims 4-6, wherein: the composite workbench comprises an upper workbench (5) and a lower workbench (6), wherein the lower workbench (6) is connected below the upper workbench (5).

9. The multi-station synchronous rapid prototyping apparatus of claim 8 wherein: the fixed base (1) comprises an upper base (101), the device further comprises a second servo motor (17) and an X-direction ball screw (18) which are fixed to the lower portion of the upper base (101), the lower working table (6) comprises a lower flat plate (601) and a plurality of connecting plates (602) located below the lower flat plate (601), the upper base (101) is provided with strip-shaped holes (1011) for the connecting plates (602) to penetrate through, the lower portion of each connecting plate (602) is connected with the X-direction ball screw (18), one X-direction ball screw (18) is driven by the second servo motor (17), and the X-direction ball screws (18) at the lower portions of the connecting plates (602) and the strip-shaped holes (1011) corresponding to the connecting plates (602) are arranged in a staggered mode;

the upper workbench (5) comprises an upper flat plate (501) and a lower sliding block (502) located below the upper flat plate (501), a guide groove (6011) is formed in the upper portion of the lower flat plate (601), and the lower sliding block (502) is in sliding fit with the guide groove (6011).

10. A multi-station synchronous rapid prototyping device as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6 wherein: the device comprises a beam driving mechanism, wherein the beam driving mechanism comprises a driving motor (50) arranged in a gantry crane upright post (42), a plurality of Z-direction ball screws (52) and a screw rod connecting piece (53), one of the Z-direction ball screws (52) is driven by the driving motor (50) to rotate, one end of the screw rod connecting piece (53) is fixedly connected with the gantry crane beam (41), the other end of the screw rod connecting piece is sleeved with the Z-direction ball screws (52) and driven by the Z-direction ball screws (52) to move along the Z direction, and ball screw rod supporting seats (51) used for fixing the Z-direction ball screws (52) in the gantry crane upright post (42) are arranged at the two ends of the Z-direction ball screws (52).