CN112936857A - Numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials - Google Patents
Numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN112936857A CN112936857A CN202110255219.6A CN202110255219A CN112936857A CN 112936857 A CN112936857 A CN 112936857A CN 202110255219 A CN202110255219 A CN 202110255219A CN 112936857 A CN112936857 A CN 112936857A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/236—Driving means for motion in a direction within the plane of a layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a material increasing and decreasing numerical control machine tool which comprises a portal frame, a base, a Z-axis device, an X-axis device, a Y-axis device, a material decreasing and processing component, a portal column, a Z1-axis device, an X1-axis device, a material increasing and processing component and a workbench, wherein the portal frame is provided with a support; the gantry frame and the gantry upright column are fixed on the base, the material reducing machining component is fixed on the X-axis device, the X-axis device is used for controlling the material reducing machining component to move in the X-axis direction, and the Z-axis device is connected with the X-axis device and used for controlling the material reducing machining component to move in the Z-axis direction. This lathe combines together traditional vibration material disk and subtracts material disk, can realize vibration material disk and subtract material disk simultaneously on a processing equipment, compromise the two advantage, can combine the use, also can regard five-axis machine tool or 3D printer to use alone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tool equipment manufacturing, in particular to a material increasing and decreasing numerical control machine tool.
Background
With the improvement of the industrial production level in China, higher requirements are put forward on the technical level of part processing. The numerical control machine tool as a typical electromechanical integrated processing device plays an important role in promoting the development of industrial production in China. However, the numerical control machine tool is a material reduction manufacturing method, so a large amount of scrap garbage can be generated in the machining process, not only is the resource waste caused, but also certain pollution can be caused to the environment. The 3D printing technology is an innovation of the conventional processing form, and combines computer-aided design, material processing and forming technologies, and based on a digital model file, a software and a numerical control system are used to stack dedicated materials layer by layer in a specific manner, so as to manufacture a solid object, which is called additive manufacturing. The numerical control processing technology and the 3D printing technology are completely mutually matched in processing mode
On the contrary, in order to exert the advantages of the two processing modes to the maximum extent, the two processing modes can be combined and applied, so that the manufacturing time and the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the manufacturing quality of products can be improved, and the level of the processing and manufacturing industry in China is further improved.
The traditional material reducing processing has the problems of high forming processing difficulty, multiple manufacturing procedures, complex internal structure, difficult processing and the like; additive manufacturing facilitates rapid manufacturing and fabrication of internal structures. The five-axis linkage technology is combined with the material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing technology, and the method has the unique advantages of manufacturing parts with high performance, high precision and high added value.
However, the five-axis numerical control machine tool and 3D printing integrated equipment on the market at present is complex in structure, large in size and high in price, and is not suitable for test piece processing of training institutions, beginners, students or small enterprises and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a material-increasing and material-decreasing numerical control processing machine tool aiming at the problems, wherein the numerical control processing machine tool comprises a portal frame, a base, a Z-axis device, an X-axis device, a Y-axis device, a material-decreasing processing component, a portal column, a Z1-axis device, an X1-axis device, a material-increasing processing component and a workbench;
the portal frame and the portal column are fixed on the base, the material reducing machining component is fixed on the X-axis device, the X-axis device is used for controlling the movement of the material reducing machining component in the X-axis direction, and the Z-axis device is connected with the X-axis device and is used for controlling the movement of the material reducing machining component in the Z-axis direction;
the additive machining component is fixed on the X1 shaft device, the X1 shaft device is used for controlling the movement of the additive machining component in the X1 shaft direction, the Z1 shaft device is connected with the X1 shaft device and is used for controlling the movement of the additive machining component in the Z1 shaft direction, the Y shaft device is provided with a C shaft device, and the Y shaft device is used for controlling the movement of the C shaft device in the Y shaft direction;
the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are mutually perpendicular, and the X1 axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z1 axis direction are also mutually perpendicular;
the shaft C device comprises a workbench, a second bevel gear, a worm and gear transmission pair, a coupler, a first motor and a first support; the second bevel gear comprises a second bevel driving wheel and a second bevel driven wheel, the worm gear and worm transmission pair comprises a worm and a worm wheel, the first support is connected with the Y-axis device, the first motor is connected with the worm through the C-axis coupler, and the worm is matched with the worm wheel to do rotary motion; the second cone driving wheel is coaxially connected with the worm wheel, and the second cone driven wheel is meshed with the second cone driving wheel to drive the workbench to rotate.
Furthermore, the additive machining part comprises a spray head mechanism, a wire feeding mechanism and a threaded throat pipe, and the spray head mechanism is connected with the wire feeding mechanism through the threaded throat pipe; the wire feeding mechanism comprises a second motor, a first driving wheel, a first driven wheel and a bracket; the bracket is connected with an X1 shaft device, the first driving wheel is connected with an output shaft of the second motor, and the first driven wheel rotates along with the first driving wheel;
the shower nozzle mechanism includes: the device comprises a heating block, a nozzle, a heating rod and a temperature measuring couple, wherein the nozzle, the heating rod and the temperature measuring couple are all fixed on the heating block.
Further, the nozzle has a diameter of 0.4 mm.
Furthermore, the material reducing machining component comprises an electric spindle, a second support, a swing reducer, a swing motor, a first bevel gear and a first synchronous belt; the first bevel gear comprises a first bevel driving wheel and a first bevel driven wheel, the first bevel driving wheel is meshed with the first bevel driven wheel, the electric spindle is connected with the first bevel driven wheel through a second support, one end of the swing reducer is connected with the first bevel driving wheel, and the other end of the swing reducer is connected with the swing motor through the first synchronous belt.
Still further, the Z1 shaft device includes: the two Z1-axis linear optical axes, the first Z1-axis sliding block, the second Z1-axis sliding block, the two Z1-axis motors, the two Z1-axis couplers and the two Z1-axis lead screws, the two Z1-axis linear optical axes are arranged on the gantry upright in parallel along the Z1-axis direction, the two Z1-axis lead screws are arranged in parallel with the Z1-axis linear optical axis, the first Z1-axis sliding block is sleeved on the left Z1-axis linear optical axis and the left Z1-axis lead screw, the second Z1-axis sliding block is sleeved on the right Z1-axis linear optical axis and the Z1-axis lead screw, and the Z1-axis motor is connected with the Z1-axis lead screw through the Z1-axis coupler and used for driving the first Z1-axis sliding block and the second Z1-axis sliding block to synchronously move in the Z1-axis direction.
Furthermore, the X1 shaft device comprises two X1 linear optical axes, an X1 shaft sliding block, an X1 shaft motor, a second driving wheel, a second synchronous belt and a second driven wheel; one end of each of the two linear optical axes of the X1 shaft is fixedly connected with the first Z1 shaft sliding block, the other end of each linear optical axis penetrates through the X1 shaft sliding block and is fixedly connected with the second Z1 shaft sliding block, the second driving wheel is arranged on the first Z1 shaft sliding block, the second driven wheel is arranged on the second Z1 shaft sliding block, the second driving wheel is connected with the second driven wheel through the second synchronous belt, the X1 shaft motor is connected with the second driving wheel, and the second synchronous belt drives the X1 shaft sliding block to move in the X1 shaft direction;
the bracket is fixed on the X1 shaft sliding block.
Furthermore, the Y-axis device comprises a Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis sliding block, a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis coupler and a Y-axis lead screw; the Y axle guide rail sets up on the base, Y axle lead screw with Y axle guide rail parallel arrangement, Y axle slider sets up first support below, Y axle slider cover is established on the Y axle lead screw, Y axle shaft coupling one end with Y axle lead screw is connected, the other end with Y axle motor connects, Y axle motor is used for the drive Y axle lead screw rotates the messenger C axle device is in the motion of Y axle direction.
Still further, the Z-axis device includes: the device comprises two Z-axis guide rails, a Z-axis sliding block, two Z-axis motors, two Z-axis couplers and two Z-axis lead screws; the two Z-axis guide rails are arranged on the portal frame in parallel along the Z-axis direction, the Z-axis lead screw is arranged in parallel with the Z-axis guide rails, the Z-axis sliding block is connected with the Z-axis guide rails in a sliding mode, one end of the Z lead screw is arranged at the top of the portal frame, the other end of the Z lead screw penetrates through the Z-axis sliding block and is connected with the Z-axis coupler, and the Z-axis motor is connected with the Z-axis lead screw through the Z-axis coupler and is used for driving the Z-axis sliding block to move in the Z-axis direction.
Still further, the X apparatus includes: the X-axis guide rails, the X-axis sliding block, the X-axis motor, the X-axis coupler and the X-axis lead screw are arranged on the X-axis guide rail; two X axle guide rail parallel arrangement is in on the Z axle slider, X axle screw parallel arrangement is two between the X axle guide rail, X axle slider cover is established on the X axle lead screw and with X axle guide rail sliding connection, the X axle motor passes through X axle shaft coupling with X axle screw is connected for drive X axle slider is at the ascending motion of X axle direction.
The invention has the advantages that:
firstly, the material increasing and decreasing numerical control machining tool provided by the invention has the characteristics of the traditional five-axis machine tool and the 3D printing, combines the functions of the two, designs the material increasing and decreasing composite machining tool, can alternately perform 3D accumulation and milling, and can improve the material utilization rate and the machining precision and reduce the cutting amount and the machining time. Aiming at the characteristics that the traditional five-axis numerical control machine tool is expensive in price, complex in size and not suitable for being purchased in large batches by schools as teaching equipment, the material-adding and material-reducing composite machining machine tool is designed to be in a desktop level, so that the volume is reduced, the price is reduced, the popularization is facilitated, and the five-axis numerical control machine tool is suitable for being used by colleges, beginners, private enthusiasts and the like.
The material-increasing and material-reducing numerical control processing machine tool is composed of two modules, namely a material-reducing processing part (five-axis machine tool) and a material-increasing processing part (3D printer), combines the traditional material-increasing manufacturing and material-reducing manufacturing, can realize material-increasing and material-reducing processing on one processing device, has the advantages of the two, can be used in combination, and can also be used as a five-axis machine tool or a 3D printer independently.
Finally, the material increase processing part, namely the 3D printing part, adopts a gantry structure, and the gantry printer has the advantages of simple structure, high printing speed, convenience in assembly and transportation and low cost; the printer and the five-axis machine tool share one workbench, so that the material increasing machining area and the material reducing machining area share the same executing mechanism, the structure of the machine tool is simplified, and the cost is saved.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing material in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a B-axis device of a material-increasing/decreasing CNC (computer numerical control) machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing device of a material-increasing and material-decreasing numerical control machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive machining part of an additive numerical control machining tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a shaft C device of a material-increasing/decreasing numerical control machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1 is a portal frame, 2 is a base, 3 is a Z-axis device, 31 is a Z-axis motor, 32 is a Z-axis coupler, 33 is a Z-axis lead screw, 34 is a Z-axis guide rail, 35 is a Z-axis slide block, 4 is an X-axis device, 41 is an X-axis motor, 42 is an X-axis coupler, 43 is an X-axis slide block, 44 is an X-axis guide rail, 45 is an X-axis lead screw, 5 is a Y-axis device, 51 is a Y-axis motor, 52 is a Y-axis coupler, 53 is a Y-axis lead screw, 54 is a Y-axis guide rail, 55 is a Y-axis slide block, 6 is a material reducing processing component, 61 is a swinging motor, 62 is a swinging reducer, 621 is a first bevel gear, 6211 is a first bevel driving wheel, 6212 is a first bevel driven wheel, 63 is an electric main shaft, 64 is a second support, 7 is a C-axis device, 71 is a workbench, 72 is a second bevel gear, 721 is a second bevel gear, 722 is a driving wheel, 722 is a driven wheel, 732 is a worm wheel, 74 is a C-axis coupler, 75 is a first motor, 76 is a first support, 8 is a gantry upright post, 9 is a Z1 shaft device, 901 is a Z1 shaft motor, 902 is a Z1 shaft coupler, 903 is a Z1 shaft linear optical axis, 904 is a Z1 shaft lead screw, 9051 is a second Z1 shaft slider, 9052 is a first Z1 shaft slider, 10 is an X1 shaft device, 1001 is an X1 shaft motor, 1002 is a second driving wheel, 1003 is a second driven wheel, 1004 is a second synchronous belt, 1005 is an X1 shaft linear optical axis, 1006 is an X1 shaft slider, 11 is a material adding processing component, 1101 is a support, 1102 is a second motor, 1103 is a first driving wheel, 1104 is a first driven wheel, 1105 is a threaded throat, 1106 is a heating block, 1107 is a heating rod, 1108 is a temperature measuring device, and 1109 is a nozzle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a material-increasing and material-reducing numerical control machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a gantry 1, a base 2, a Z-axis device 3, an X-axis device 4, a Y-axis device 5, a material-reducing machining component 6, a gantry column 8, a Z1-axis device 9, an X1-axis device 10, a material-increasing machining component 11, and a workbench 71;
the gantry frame 1 and the gantry upright post 8 are fixed on the base 2, so that the stability of the numerical control machining machine tool can be improved, and the numerical control machining machine tool can be placed on a desktop, and is convenient for teaching of schools;
the material reducing processing component 6 is fixed on the X-axis device, the X-axis device 4 is used for controlling the movement of the material reducing processing component 6 in the X-axis direction, and the Z-axis device 3 is connected with the X-axis device 4 and is used for controlling the movement of the material reducing processing component 6 in the Z-axis direction;
the additive machining component 11 is fixed on the X1 shaft device 10, the X1 shaft device 10 is used for controlling the movement of the additive machining component 11 in the X1 shaft direction, the Z1 shaft device 9 is connected with the X1 shaft device 10 and is used for controlling the movement of the additive machining component 11 in the Z1 shaft direction, the Y shaft device 5 is provided with a C shaft device 7, and the Y shaft device 5 is used for controlling the movement of the C shaft device 7 in the Y shaft direction;
the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are mutually perpendicular, and the X1 axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z1 axis direction are also mutually perpendicular;
the shaft C device 7 comprises a workbench 71, a second bevel gear 72, a worm gear and worm transmission pair 73, a coupler 74, a first motor 75 and a first support 76; the second bevel gear 72 comprises a second bevel driver 721 and a second bevel driver 722, the worm gear-worm transmission pair 73 comprises a worm 731 and a worm wheel 732, the first support 76 is connected with the Y-axis device, the first motor 75 is connected with the worm 731 through the C-axis coupler 74, and the worm 731 and the worm wheel 732 are matched for rotation; the second cone pulley 721 is coaxially connected to the worm wheel 732, and the second cone pulley 722 is engaged with the second cone pulley 721 to drive the table 71 to rotate.
The additive processing component 11 comprises a nozzle mechanism, a wire feeding mechanism and a thread throat 1105, wherein the nozzle mechanism is connected with the wire feeding mechanism through the thread throat 1105; the wire feeder comprises a second motor 1102, a first drive pulley 1103, a first driven pulley 1104, and a carriage 1101; the bracket 1101 is connected with an X1 shaft device, the first driving wheel 1103 is connected with an output shaft of the second motor 1102, and the first driven wheel 1104 rotates along with the first driving wheel 1103;
the shower nozzle mechanism includes: the heating device comprises a heating block 1106, a nozzle 1109, a heating rod 1107 and a temperature measuring couple 1108, wherein the nozzle 1109, the heating rod 1107 and the temperature measuring couple 1108 are all fixed on the heating block 1106.
The nozzle 1109 has a diameter of 0.4 mm.
The material reducing machining part 6 comprises an electric spindle 63, a second support 64, a swing reducer 62, a swing motor 61, a first bevel gear 621 and a first synchronous belt 622; the first bevel gear 621 comprises a first cone driving wheel 6211 and a first cone driven wheel 6212, the first cone driving wheel 6211 is engaged with the first cone driven wheel 6212, the electric spindle 63 is connected with the first cone driven wheel 6212 through a second support 64, one end of the swing reducer 62 is connected with the first cone driving wheel 6211, and the other end is connected with the swing motor 61 through the first synchronous belt 622.
The electric spindle 63 realizes the change from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction along with the rotation motion of the material reducing machining part 6, and further finishes the swing of the electric spindle of the machine tool between the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
The Z1 shaft assembly 9 includes: two Z1 axis linear optical axes 903, a first Z1 axis sliding block 9052, a second Z1 axis sliding block 9051, two Z1 axis motors 901, two Z1 axis couplers 902 and two Z1 axis screw rods 904, wherein the Z1 axis screw rods are ball screw rods, the two Z1 axis linear optical axes 903 are arranged on the gantry upright column 8 in parallel along a Z1 axis direction, the two Z1 axis screw rods 904 are arranged in parallel with the Z1 axis linear optical axis 903, threads are arranged inside the first Z1 axis sliding block 9052, the first Z1 axis sliding block 9052 is sleeved on the left Z1 axis screw rod 904 through the internally arranged threads and is in sliding connection with the left Z1 axis linear optical axis 903, threads are arranged inside the second Z1 axis sliding block 9051, the second Z1 axis sliding block 9051 is sleeved on the right Z1 axis screw rod 904 through the internally arranged threads and is in sliding connection with the right Z1 axis linear optical axis screw rod 9052, the Z465 axis sliding block 9051 is connected with the Z6324 axis screw rod 904 through the internally arranged threads, for driving the first Z1 axis slide block 9052 and the second Z1 axis slide block 9051 to move synchronously in the Z1 axis direction.
The X1 shaft device 10 comprises two X1 linear optical axes 1005, an X1 shaft slide block 1006, an X1 shaft motor 1001, a second driving wheel 1002, a second synchronous belt 1004 and a second driven wheel 1003; one end of each of the two X1 axial linear optical axes is fixedly connected to the first Z1 axial slider 9052, the other end of each of the two X1 axial linear optical axes penetrates through the X1 axial slider 1006 and is fixedly connected to the second Z1 axial slider 9051, the second driving wheel 1002 is arranged on the first Z1 axial slider 9052, the second driven wheel 1003 is arranged on the second Z1 axial slider 9051, the second driving wheel 1002 is connected to the second driven wheel 1003 through the second synchronous belt 1004, the output shaft of the X1 axial motor 1001 is connected to the second driving wheel 1002, and the second synchronous belt 1004 drives the X1 axial slider 1006 to move in the X1 axial direction;
the bracket 1101 is fixed to the X1 shaft slider 1006.
The Y-axis device 5 comprises a Y-axis guide rail 54, a Y-axis sliding block 55, a Y-axis motor 51, a Y-axis coupler 52 and a Y-axis lead screw 53, wherein the Y-axis lead screw is a ball screw; the Y axle guide rail 54 sets up on the base 2, Y axle lead screw 53 with Y axle guide rail 54 parallel arrangement, Y axle slider 55 sets up first support 76 below, the inside screw thread that is provided with of Y axle slider 55, Y axle slider 55 overlaps through the inside screw thread that sets up and is established on Y axle lead screw 53, Y axle shaft coupling 52 one end with Y axle lead screw 53 is connected, the other end with Y axle motor 51 is connected, Y axle motor 51 is used for the drive Y axle lead screw 53 rotates the messenger C axle device 7 is at the motion of Y axle direction.
The Z-axis device 3 includes: two Z-axis guide rails 34, a Z-axis sliding block 35, two Z-axis motors 31, two Z-axis couplers 32 and two Z-axis lead screws 33; two Z axle guide rail 34 is in along Z axle direction parallel arrangement on the portal frame 1, Z axle lead screw 33 is ball, Z axle lead screw 33 with Z axle guide rail 34 parallel arrangement, the inside screw thread that is provided with of Z axle slider 35, Z axle slider 35 overlaps through the inside screw thread that sets up and is in on the Z axle lead screw 33 and with Z axle guide rail 34 sliding connection, Z axle lead screw 33 one end sets up portal frame 1 top, the other end with Z axle coupling 32 is connected, Z axle motor 31 passes through Z axle coupling 32 with Z axle lead screw 33 connects for the drive Z axle slider 35 is at the ascending motion of Z axle direction.
The X device 4 includes: two X-axis guide rails 44, an X-axis sliding block 43, an X-axis motor 41, an X-axis coupler 42 and an X-axis lead screw 45; two X axle guide rail 44 parallel arrangement is in on the Z axle slider 35, X axle screw 45 parallel arrangement is two between the X axle guide rail 44, the inside screw thread that is provided with of X axle slider 43, X axle slider 43 overlaps through the inside screw thread that sets up and is established on the X axle screw 45 and with X axle guide rail 44 sliding connection, X axle motor 41 passes through X axle coupler 42 with X axle screw 45 connects for drive X axle slider 43 is at the ascending motion of X axle direction.
The working principle is as follows:
the three-dimensional model of the part is led into a machine tool, point position processing data of each layer of part is obtained after slicing, the 3D printing machine tool controls an X1 shaft device to enable an additive processing component 11 to move in the X1 shaft direction and controls a Y shaft device to enable a workbench to move in the Y shaft direction according to the processing data of each layer, meanwhile, a nozzle heats and melts a printing material, and then the printing material is uniformly sprayed out along with the nozzle, so that the printing of each layer of part is realized; after the printing of each layer of parameters is finished, the position of a spray head is adjusted through a Z1 shaft device according to specific parameters, and finally the 3D model printing of the part is finished; after printing is finished, according to the machining precision requirements of different characteristics such as workpiece surface quality, internal holes and the like, the material reducing machining component is controlled by the X-axis device and the Y-axis device to perform material reducing machining on the 3D printed part. The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials is characterized by comprising a portal frame (1), a base (2), a Z-axis device (3), an X-axis device (4), a Y-axis device (5), a material decreasing machining part (6), a portal column (8), a Z1 axis device (9), an X1 axis device (10), a material increasing machining part (11) and a workbench (71);
the gantry frame (1) and the gantry upright post (8) are fixed on the base (2), the material reducing machining component (6) is fixed on the X-axis device, the X-axis device (4) is used for controlling the material reducing machining component (6) to move in the X-axis direction, and the Z-axis device (3) is connected with the X-axis device (4) and used for controlling the material reducing machining component (6) to move in the Z-axis direction;
the additive machining component (11) is fixed on the X1 shaft device (10), the X1 shaft device (10) is used for controlling the movement of the additive machining component (11) in the X1 shaft direction, the Z1 shaft device (9) is connected with the X1 shaft device (10) and is used for controlling the movement of the additive machining component (11) in the Z1 shaft direction, the Y shaft device (5) is provided with a C shaft device (7), and the Y shaft device (5) is used for controlling the movement of the C shaft device (7) in the Y shaft direction;
the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are mutually perpendicular, and the X1 axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z1 axis direction are also mutually perpendicular;
the shaft C device (7) comprises a workbench (71), a second bevel gear (72), a worm gear and worm transmission pair (73), a coupler (74), a first motor (75) and a first support (76); the second bevel gear (72) comprises a second bevel driving wheel (721) and a second bevel driven wheel (722), the worm-gear transmission pair (73) comprises a worm (731) and a worm wheel (732), the first support (76) is connected with the Y-axis device, the first motor (75) is connected with the worm (731) through the C-axis coupler (74), and the worm (731) is matched with the worm wheel (732) to rotate; the second conical driving wheel (721) is coaxially connected with the worm wheel (732), and the second conical driven wheel (722) is meshed with the second conical driving wheel (721) to drive the workbench (71) to rotate.
2. The numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the material increase machining part (11) comprises a nozzle mechanism, a wire feeding mechanism and a thread throat (1105), wherein the nozzle mechanism is connected with the wire feeding mechanism through the thread throat (1105); the wire feeder comprises a second motor (1102), a first driving wheel (1103), a first driven wheel (1104) and a bracket (1101); the bracket (1101) is connected with an X1 shaft device, the first driving wheel (1103) is connected with an output shaft of the second motor (1102), and the first driven wheel (1104) rotates along with the first driving wheel (1103);
the shower nozzle mechanism includes: the device comprises a heating block (1106), a nozzle (1109), a heating rod (1107) and a temperature measuring couple (1108), wherein the nozzle (1109), the heating rod (1107) and the temperature measuring couple (1108) are all fixed on the heating block (1106).
3. An incremental and decremental numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, characterized by that, the diameter of the nozzle (1109) is 0.4 mm.
4. The numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the material decreasing machining part (6) comprises an electric spindle (63), a second support (64), a swing reducer (62), a swing motor (61), a first bevel gear (621) and a first synchronous belt (622); the first bevel gear (621) comprises a first cone driving wheel (6211) and a first cone driven wheel (6212), the first cone driving wheel (6211) is meshed with the first cone driven wheel (6212), the electric spindle (63) is connected with the first cone driven wheel (6212) through a second support (64), one end of the swing reducer (62) is connected with the first cone driving wheel (6211), and the other end of the swing reducer is connected with the swing motor (61) through the first synchronous belt (622).
5. The numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the Z1 shaft device (9) comprises: two Z1 axis linear optical axes (903), a first Z1 axis sliding block (9052), a second Z1 axis sliding block (9051), two Z1 axis motors (901), two Z1 axis couplers (902) and two Z1 axis lead screws (904), wherein the two Z1 axis linear optical axes (903) are arranged on the gantry upright post (8) in parallel along the Z1 axis direction, the two Z1 axis lead screws (904) are arranged in parallel with the Z1 axis linear optical axis (903), the first Z1 shaft sliding block (9052) is sleeved on the left Z1 shaft linear optical axis (903) and the Z1 shaft lead screw (904), the second Z1 shaft sliding block (9051) is sleeved on the right Z1 shaft linear optical axis (903) and the Z1 shaft lead screw (904), the Z1 shaft motor (901) is connected with the Z1 shaft lead screw (904) through the Z1 shaft coupler (902), the driving mechanism is used for driving the first Z1 shaft slide block (9052) and the second Z1 shaft slide block (9051) to synchronously move in the Z1 shaft direction.
6. The numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the X1 shaft device (10) comprises two X1 shaft linear optical axes (1005), an X1 shaft slide block (1006), an X1 shaft motor (1001), a second driving wheel (1002), a second synchronous belt (1004) and a second driven wheel (1003); one end of each of the two linear optical axes of the X1 axes is fixedly connected with the first Z1 axis sliding block (9052), the other end of each of the two linear optical axes penetrates through the X1 axis sliding block (1006) and is fixedly connected with the second Z1 axis sliding block (9051), the second driving wheel (1002) is arranged on the first Z1 axis sliding block (9052), the second driven wheel (1003) is arranged on the second Z1 axis sliding block (9051), the second driving wheel (1002) is connected with the second driven wheel (1003) through the second synchronous belt (1004), the X1 axis motor (1001) is connected with the second driving wheel (1002), and the second synchronous belt (1004) drives the X1 axis sliding block (1006) to move in the X1 axis direction;
the bracket (1101) is fixed on the X1 shaft sliding block (1006).
7. The material-increasing and material-decreasing numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the Y-axis device (5) comprises a Y-axis guide rail (54), a Y-axis slide block (55), a Y-axis motor (51), a Y-axis coupler (52) and a Y-axis lead screw (53); y axle guide rail (54) set up on base (2), Y axle lead screw (53) with Y axle guide rail (54) parallel arrangement, Y axle slider (55) set up first support (76) below, Y axle slider (55) cover is established on Y axle lead screw (53), Y axle shaft coupling (52) one end with Y axle lead screw (53) are connected, the other end with Y axle motor (51) are connected, Y axle motor (51) are used for the drive Y axle lead screw (53) rotate the messenger C axle device (7) are at the motion of Y axle direction.
8. The numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the Z-axis device (3) comprises: the device comprises two Z-axis guide rails (34), a Z-axis sliding block (35), two Z-axis motors (31), two Z-axis couplers (32) and two Z-axis lead screws (33); two Z axle guide rail (34) are in along Z axle direction parallel arrangement portal frame (1), Z axle lead screw (33) with Z axle guide rail (34) parallel arrangement, Z axle slider (35) and Z axle guide rail (34) sliding connection, Z lead screw (33) one end sets up portal frame (1) top, and the other end runs through Z axle slider (35) with Z axle coupling (32) are connected, Z axle motor (31) pass through Z axle coupling (32) with Z axle lead screw (33) are connected, are used for the drive Z axle slider (35) is at the ascending motion of Z axle direction.
9. Numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that said X device (4) comprises: the X-axis guide rail mechanism comprises two X-axis guide rails (44), an X-axis sliding block (43), an X-axis motor (41), an X-axis coupler (42) and an X-axis lead screw (45); two X axle guide rail (44) parallel arrangement is in on Z axle slider (35), X axle lead screw (45) parallel arrangement is two between X axle guide rail (44), X axle slider (43) cover is established on X axle lead screw (45) and with X axle guide rail (44) sliding connection, X axle motor (41) pass through X axle coupler (42) with X axle lead screw (45) are connected for drive X axle slider (43) is at the ascending motion of X axle direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110255219.6A CN112936857A (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2021-03-09 | Numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110255219.6A CN112936857A (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2021-03-09 | Numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112936857A true CN112936857A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110255219.6A Pending CN112936857A (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2021-03-09 | Numerical control machining tool for increasing and decreasing materials |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113909676A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-11 | 湖南大学 | Multi-station synchronous machining method and device for increasing and decreasing materials of space thin-wall parts |
| CN115091742A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-23 | 北京化工大学 | Material increasing and decreasing composite processing equipment |
-
2021
- 2021-03-09 CN CN202110255219.6A patent/CN112936857A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113909676A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-11 | 湖南大学 | Multi-station synchronous machining method and device for increasing and decreasing materials of space thin-wall parts |
| CN113909676B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-12-20 | 湖南大学 | Multi-station synchronous machining method and device for increasing and decreasing materials of space thin-wall parts |
| CN115091742A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-23 | 北京化工大学 | Material increasing and decreasing composite processing equipment |
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