CN113826757B - Yeast culture rich in active probiotics, preparation method and special equipment thereof - Google Patents
Yeast culture rich in active probiotics, preparation method and special equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113826757B CN113826757B CN202110923961.XA CN202110923961A CN113826757B CN 113826757 B CN113826757 B CN 113826757B CN 202110923961 A CN202110923961 A CN 202110923961A CN 113826757 B CN113826757 B CN 113826757B
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- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241000235646 Cyberlindnera jadinii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000193749 Bacillus coagulans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940054340 bacillus coagulans Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000126002 Ziziphus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 29
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 15
- 229920002498 Beta-glucan Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 9
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](OC2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-GFVSVBBRSA-N mannan Chemical class O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-GFVSVBBRSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001247821 Ziziphus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 206010057040 Temperature intolerance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008543 heat sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000044503 Antimicrobial Peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700042778 Antimicrobial Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000678 Mycotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 241001052560 Thallis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002636 mycotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003170 nutritional factors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002972 pentoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003910 polypeptide antibiotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/18—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs
- F26B17/22—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being vertical or steeply inclined
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a yeast culture containing active probiotics, a preparation method and special equipment thereof, wherein the saccharomyces cerevisiae culture is prepared by mixing and fermenting mixed bacterial liquid and fermentation raw materials: the mixed bacterial liquid comprises saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida utilis bacterial liquid, lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and bacillus coagulans bacterial liquid; the content of viable bacteria in the four bacterial strains is more than 10 10 CFU/mL. The invention shortens the fermentation time to 70h by reasonably using carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphorus source and trace elements, and improves the content of active ingredients of the yeast culture taking agricultural and sideline products as main fermentation raw materials. The invention can effectively improve the content of active probiotics in the yeast culture by improving the fermentation process and the fermentation drying equipment, and the content of active saccharomycetes (including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis) in the finished product of the yeast culture produced by the method and the equipment is more than 9.0 x 10 8 The content of active lactobacillus plantarum is more than 1.0 and 10 per gram 4 CFU/g, active bacillus coagulans content > 1.0 x 10 8 CFU/g, living bacteria totalNumber > 1.0 x 10 9 CFU/g。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a yeast culture containing active probiotics, a preparation method and special equipment thereof.
Background
Yeast culture is a product obtained by fermenting yeast on a specific culture medium under certain technological conditions by a liquid state, solid state or combined method and then processing the yeast together with a substrate according to microorganism metabolism theory and biological fermentation engineering technology. Yeast cultures are widely paid attention to as feed additives because of the advantages of no toxic or side effect, no residual pollution, no drug resistance, partial substitution of antibiotics and the like. It improves animal gastrointestinal tract microecological environment through live yeast cells or other active factors, promotes the synthesis of microbial protein, and thus improves the digestion and absorption of nutrient substances in intestinal tracts. The yeast culture can also competitively inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in the intestinal tract, improve the intestinal wall structure and morphology and inhibit the harm of mycotoxins. Therefore, the yeast culture has important significance in the livestock and poultry raising and the application of the feed industry.
However, the fermentation methods of yeast cultures currently in common use have the following problems: the yeast strain is single, the activity is low, the quantity of the yeast does not reach the standard, and the yeast can not fully utilize the solid fermentation raw material to cause low fermentation effect, and the economic cost is also higher, so that the effect is not obvious in the feeding of animals. Currently, most yeast cultures on the market do not contain active probiotics, and only a fraction of yeast cultures contain small amounts of active probiotics. Yeast cultures produced by agricultural byproducts in the market have lower active ingredient content of fermentation products such as mannans, beta-glucans, acid soluble proteins and the like. Yeast cultures produced by using agricultural and sideline products as substrates generally have a mannan content of < 2.0%, a beta-glucan content of < 1.0% and an acid soluble protein content of < 20.0% of the total protein. In the solid state fermentation production process of the yeast culture, the temperature is slowly raised, the temperature of the solid material is raised to 45 ℃ at the room temperature of 25 ℃ in the prior art, more than 20 hours are usually required, and the solid state fermentation time is more than 96 hours.
The physical properties of the materials such as yeast cultures are very complex, the semi-finished product is formed by mixing and fermenting fermentation raw materials such as carbon sources, nitrogen sources, trace elements, corn husks, bran and the like, and the semi-finished product is a mixed material formed by combining short fibrous materials, small block materials and powdery materials with different thicknesses in a physical aspect. The antibacterial peptide, vitamins, rumen nutritional factors, mannans, beta-glucan, microelements, active enzymes and beneficial microorganisms contained in the material are main effective substances of a yeast culture product. The material has light specific gravity after drying, and the effective component of the product, namely the microbial active substance, is heat-sensitive. The maximum tolerance temperature of the beneficial microorganisms in the drying process is 70 ℃ (within a few minutes). The materials with complex compositions are required to be dried in a short time, the quality of effective active substances is ensured, and the materials are suitable for the requirement of mass production (more than hundreds of kilograms per hour). All characteristics and requirements are difficult to adapt to various conventional typical drying equipment, and patent CN200910188598. X discloses an active drying tower system which can finish the drying requirements, but the quality of products is not in accordance with the requirements due to the fact that the drying temperature of hot air is higher than the drying temperature of 78-82 ℃, the equipment size is larger, the treatment efficiency is low, and the energy consumption of unit products is too high; in addition, the blanking mechanism is a movable door mechanism connected with the floater through a connecting rod mechanism, the material level sensed by the floater controls the opening and closing of the movable door, and in actual use, the blanking mechanism is complex in structure, so that the movable door is always blocked when the material viscosity is high, and the movable door cannot be normally and automatically opened when the material level on the drying tray is too high, thereby the effect of automatically controlling the material level cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture rich in active probiotics, a preparation method and application thereof, which improves the content of active ingredients of the yeast culture taking agricultural and sideline products as main fermentation raw materials, wherein the content of mannans in finished products is more than 3.0%, and the proportion of acid soluble proteins in the finished products is more than 25.0%; the content of beta-glucan is more than 1.8 percent. Second aspectBy reasonably using carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphorus source and trace elements, the fermentation time is shortened to 70 hours, the material temperature is raised to more than 45 ℃ and the time is shortened to less than 10 hours (the room temperature is 25 ℃), and the production efficiency of the yeast culture is improved. In the third aspect, the invention can effectively improve the content of active probiotics in the yeast culture by improving the fermentation process and fermentation equipment, and the content of active yeasts (including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis) in the finished product of the yeast culture produced by using the method and the equipment is more than 9.0 x 10 8 The content of active lactobacillus plantarum is more than 1.0 and 10 per gram 4 CFU/g, active bacillus coagulans content > 1.0 x 10 8 CFU/g, total viable bacteria > 1.0 x 10 9 CFU/g。
The invention also aims to provide a special equipment active drying tower applied to low-temperature drying of yeast cultures, which solves the defects of low drying yield, high electricity consumption and high steam consumption of the existing material drying with high heat sensitivity due to structural factors.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a saccharomyces cerevisiae culture rich in active probiotics, which is prepared by mixing and fermenting the following components in parts by weight: 2.2-4.3 parts of mixed bacterial liquid, 40-60 parts of guniting corn husk, 10-20 parts of feed-grade jujube powder, 10-20 parts of bran, 1-5 parts of bran, 2-6 parts of glucose, 1-5 parts of flour, 1-3 parts of urea, 1-3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5-2 parts of salt, 1-3 parts of stone powder, 0.1-0.3 part of ferrous sulfate and 0.1-0.3 part of manganese sulfate; the mixed bacterial liquid comprises, by weight, 1-2 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial liquid, 0.8-1.5 parts of candida utilis bacterial liquid, 0.2-0.4 parts of lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and 0.2-0.4 parts of bacillus coagulans bacterial liquid; the content of viable bacteria in the four bacterial strains is more than 10 10 CFU/mL。
Preferably, the culture mediums of the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the candida utilis are PDA culture mediums, and after the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the candida utilis are respectively cultured for 24 hours and 22 hours under the conditions of 30 ℃ and 150rpm of rotating speed and 6.3-6.8 of pH value and more than 30 percent dissolved oxygen of a fermentation tank,the content of viable bacteria in the two bacterial strains is more than 10 10 CFU/mL; the bacillus coagulans is cultured for 20 hours in a fermentation tank with the temperature of 37 ℃ and the rotating speed of 180rpm and the pH of 5.5-6.0 and the dissolved oxygen of more than 40 percent by using an LB culture medium, and the bacterial liquid and the bacterial content of more than 10 10 CFU/mL; the Lactobacillus plantarum is cultured in MRS culture medium at 30deg.C, 180rpm, pH5.0-5.5 and dissolved oxygen of more than 10% for 16 hr, and the live bacteria content of the bacterial liquid is more than 10 10 CFU/mL。
Preferably, the strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida utilis, bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus plantarum are Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC 1355, candida utilis Candida utilis CICC 31188, bacillus coagulans Bacillus subtilis CICC 10071 and Lactobacillus plantarum Lactobacillus plantarum CICC 21190, respectively.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the saccharomyces cerevisiae culture rich in active probiotics, which comprises the following steps:
1) Premixing: uniformly mixing the above materials, controlling the volume weight to be 380-420g/L, and regulating the pH value to be 5.0 by using stone powder or citric acid to obtain a solid fermentation premix;
2) Solid state fermentation: uniformly mixing the solid fermentation premix and water in a mass ratio of 7:3, and stacking the mixture on a fermentation bed to form a square fermentation pile with a length of more than 2 meters, a width of more than 2 meters and a height of 0.5-0.8 meter; standing for fermentation until the internal temperature of the material rises to 45 ℃, and turning the material by using turning equipment to cool and ventilate; then turning the material once every 12 hours, finishing the 5 th turning, continuing the fermentation for 12 hours, and ending the solid state fermentation process;
3) Drying and crushing: the material is dried by adopting a living drying tower, the temperature of an air inlet is lower than 60 ℃, the temperature of an air outlet is lower than 40 ℃, and the water content of the dried material is 11% -12%; pulverizing the materials, and sieving with 2.0mm sieve to obtain Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture.
Preferably, the fermentation bed comprises a fermentation bed area and an outer wall of the fermentation bed, and a temperature-adjusting water pipe is paved on the lower layer; a radiation film is paved below the water pipe, and a heat insulation plate is paved below the radiation film; the cement layer is paved above the temperature-adjusting water pipe, the floor tiles are paved above the cement layer, the fermentation bed area is formed above the floor tiles, the fermentation bed outer wall is arranged around the fermentation bed area, and the fermentation bed outer wall penetrates into the lower part of the heat-insulating plate and is higher than the floor tiles by more than 0.9 m.
Preferably, the water temperature of the temperature-regulating water pipe can be adjusted within the range of 10-42 ℃; the diameter of the water pipe is 3cm, the water pipe is made of plastic, the transverse interval is 15cm, and the longitudinal distance is 6cm from the surface of the fermentation bed; during fermentation, if the temperature of the material is lower than 30 ℃, setting the temperature of the water pipe to be 42 ℃, and heating the material; if the temperature of the material is higher than 50 ℃, the temperature of the water pipe is set to be 10 ℃, and the material is cooled.
The invention also provides a special device for the active drying tower of the saccharomyces cerevisiae culture rich in active probiotics, which is characterized in that: the drying tower comprises a drying tower body, wherein a rotating shaft connected with a rotating motor is arranged in the drying tower body, a spiral drying disc with air holes is arranged on the rotating shaft, a circulating air inlet (15) and a circulating air outlet for entering and exiting hot air in the tower body are arranged on the side wall of the drying tower body, and the circulating air inlet and the circulating air outlet are respectively connected with an air supply duct and an air return duct; a discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the drying tower body; the drying disc is provided with a plurality of round table-shaped air holes with small upper parts and large lower parts at intervals.
Preferably, the device comprises a heat pump mechanism, a variable frequency fan arranged at an air inlet of a drying tower body and an air treatment channel communicated between an air outlet of the drying tower body and a heat pump system; the heat pump mechanism is respectively connected with the drying tower body through a circulating air inlet and a circulating air outlet; the heat pump system comprises a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a throttling device and a refrigeration circulation channel connected with the parts; the air treatment channel comprises an air filtration treatment device arranged on the pipeline, a bypass air channel is further connected in parallel with the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the air filtration treatment device, and an air valve I, an air valve II and an air valve III are respectively arranged at the air inlet of the air filtration treatment device, the air inlet of the bypass air channel and the air outlet of the bypass air channel.
Preferably, the drying tower is also provided with a control device, the control device comprises a real-time moisture tester arranged in the drying tower, and the control device is respectively connected with the real-time moisture tester and the variable frequency fan through a signal transmission channel; the aperture of the drying disc is set to be 3.0-3.5mm.
The invention also provides application of the saccharomyces cerevisiae culture in preparing feed additives.
The yeast culture mainly comprises yeast cell content, cell metabolites, a medium for fermentation variation and a small amount of yeast cells. The yeast cell metabolites include peptides, amino acids, organic acids, antimicrobial peptides, vitamins, rumen trophic factors, mannans, beta glucans, trace elements, active enzymes, many unknown growth factors, and the like. The denaturation medium in YC mainly comprises quick-acting carbon sources, nitrogen sources, trace elements and the like which are formed after fermentation. The YC also contains a certain amount of yeast cells, and can provide components such as mycoprotein, beta-glucan, and mannan. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is mainly used as a production strain in YC production, and generally, the protein content and the cell volume of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae are high, but different yeast strains have advantages in the aspects of biological characteristics, enzyme system and substrate utilization, product types and functions and the like, and the advantages can be complemented by the composite yeast strains. The YC fermented by the compound bacteria has better application effect than the YC fermented by a single strain. For example, the candida utilis has wider range of carbon source utilization, can widely utilize pentose and uronic acid besides hexose, has the characteristics of strong disease resistance and short growth cycle, and can be compositely applied with saccharomyces cerevisiae; under certain conditions, the lactobacillus can produce synergistic action with the saccharomycetes, the existence of the lactobacillus increases the acidity of the system, the saccharomycetes are suitable for growth of the saccharomycetes, and the existence of the saccharomycetes can provide probiotics (such as vitamins and soluble nitrogen compounds) to stimulate the growth of the lactobacillus.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. can effectively utilize agricultural and sideline products. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture uses agricultural byproducts such as guniting corn husks, feed-grade red jujube powder, bran system and the like as main fermentation raw materials, and converts low-quality low-price agricultural byproducts into high-quality high-price biological feed products through a specific fermentation process.
2. The yeast culture produced by the raw material ratio can greatly shorten the fermentation time. At room temperature of 20 ℃, the temperature of the yeast culture fermented by the process can be raised to more than 45 ℃ within 10 hours, and the fermentation process is finished after solid state fermentation for 70 hours.
3. The fermented material has rich viable bacteria content. After solid state fermentation for 70h, the yeast (including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis) content in the wet material before drying is more than 8.2 x 10 9 The content of lactobacillus plantarum is more than 7.0 x 10 per gram 8 CFU/g, bacillus coagulans content > 7.2 x 10 9 CFU/g。
4. The yeast culture of the invention is rich in active saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida utilis, bacillus coagulans, lactobacillus plantarum, mannans and beta-glucan, and the finished product has rich viable bacteria content and fermentation products. The content of mannans in the dried and crushed finished product is more than 3.0%, the proportion of acid soluble protein is more than 25.0%, the content of beta-glucan is more than 1.8%, and the content of active saccharomycetes (including saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis) is more than 9.0 x 10 8 The content of active lactobacillus plantarum is more than 1.0 and 10 per gram 4 CFU/g, active bacillus coagulans content > 1.0 x 10 8 CFU/g, total viable bacteria > 1.0 x 10 9 CFU/g]. In the product prepared by the invention, after the saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida utilis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and metabolites thereof are simultaneously used as additives to be added into the feed, the health of livestock and poultry can be promoted more than simple thalli, so that the application advantage of the mixed fermentation product is improved.
4. The heat pump drying technology is adopted in the drying stage of the materials, so that the characteristics of quick dehumidification and energy conservation of the heat pump in low-temperature drying are fully exerted, and the purposes of high efficiency and energy conservation are achieved; the temperature in the pipeline is set to 55-60 ℃ by adjusting the temperature of the air inlet, so that the quality of materials is ensured, the drying efficiency of the materials is enhanced, and the height of the drying tower is reduced; the high-temperature drying gas rises upwards along the spiral drying disc with air holes from the variable-frequency fan at the bottom of the drying tower body, and is in collision contact with the descending material to exchange heat, so that the heat and mass transfer between the hot air and the material are greatly enhanced, the material is uniformly heated, and the high-humidity material rises in the tower body in a spiral manner due to the action of high-speed hot air; simultaneously, the spiral drying disc can lift the high-humidity materials deposited at the bottom of the drying tower, the descending speed of the materials is further slowed down, the residence time of the materials in the active drying tower can be automatically adjusted by controlling the layer number height, the air flow speed, the rotating shaft rotating speed and the rotating direction of the drying disc, the high-temperature drying gas can be uniformly distributed in the drying tower, the drying efficiency can be improved, and the particles can be uniformly dried.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a fermentation bed of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal section of the drying tray of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a drying tower of the active drying tower of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the active drying tower of the present invention;
in the figure, the outer wall of a 1-fermentation bed, a 2-floor tile, a 3-radiation film, a 4-cement layer, a 5-temperature-regulating water pipe, a 6-heat insulation plate, a 7-fermentation bed area, an 8-drying tower body, a 9-rotating motor, a 10-rotating shaft, an 11-feed inlet, a 12-drying disc, a 13-air hole, a 14-discharge outlet, a 15-circulating air inlet, a 16-circulating air outlet, a 17-compressor, a 18-condenser, a 19-evaporator, a 20-throttling device, a 21-refrigerating circulation channel, a 30-control device, a 31-real-time moisture tester, a 32-variable frequency fan, a 100-air treatment channel, a 101-air filtration treatment device, a 102-bypass air channel, a 103-air valve I, a 104-air valve II and a 105-air valve III.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the invention is further illustrated below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples. The strain used in the invention: saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) CICC 1355, candida utilis (Candida utilis) CICC 31188, bacillus coagulans (Bacillus subtilis) CICC 10071 and Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum) CICC 21190 all belong to the prior art, and the applicant is introduced from China industry microbiological culture Collection center (CICC), and the public society can also obtain through other public routes. The strain itself is not subject to the innovation of the present invention and will not be described in detail. Unless otherwise indicated, the starting materials are all available commercially.
Example 1: preparation of mixed bacterial liquid
The yeast culture produced by the method selects strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain number Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC 1355), candida utilis (Candida utilis CICC 31188), bacillus coagulans (strain number Bacillus subtilis CICC 10071) and lactobacillus plantarum (strain number Lactobacillus plantarum CICC 21190), two yeast use culture mediums are PDA culture mediums, bacillus coagulans and lactobacillus plantarum respectively use LB and MRS culture mediums, the use equipment is a fermentation tank capable of controlling temperature, rotating speed, pH and dissolved oxygen, and four strain culture conditions are shown in Table 1. After the culture is completed, the viable bacteria content of the four bacterial strains is more than 10 10 CFU/mL. Mixing 1-2 parts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.8-1.5 parts of candida utilis, 0.2-0.4 parts of lactobacillus plantarum and 0.2-0.4 parts of bacillus coagulans uniformly to prepare mixed bacterial liquid.
TABLE 1 liquid culture Condition control of four strains
| Strain name | Temperature (. Degree. C.) | Rotating speed (rpm) | pH value of | Dissolved oxygen | Time (h) |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 30 | 150 | 6.3-6.8 | ＞30％ | 24 |
| Candida utilis | 30 | 150 | 6.3-6.8 | ＞30％ | 22 |
| Bacillus coagulans | 37 | 180 | 5.5-6.0 | ＞40％ | 20 |
| Lactobacillus plantarum | 30 | 180 | 5.0-5.5 | ＞10％ | 16 |
Example 2: preparation of solid fermentation premix
The raw materials, components and actions used in this patent are as follows:
mixed bacterial liquid of example 1: 2.2-4.3 parts.
Main fermentation raw materials (providing slow-release carbon source, slow-release nitrogen source, phosphorus element, trace elements and the like): 40-60 parts of guniting corn husks; 10-20 parts of feed-grade jujube powder; 10-20 parts of bran; 1-5 parts of bran.
Quick-acting carbon source: 2-6 parts of glucose; 1-5 parts of flour.
Quick-acting nitrogen source: 1-3 parts of feed-grade urea.
Phosphorus source: 1-3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate.
Trace element source: 0.1-0.3 part of ferrous sulfate; 0.1-0.3 part of manganese sulfate; 0.1-0.3 part of magnesium sulfate.
Source of chloride ions: 0.5-2 parts of feed-grade sodium chloride.
pH value adjusting raw materials: 0-3 parts of stone powder and 0-1 part of citric acid.
Mixing the above materials uniformly, controlling the volume weight to 380-420g/L, and regulating pH to 5.0 with stone powder or citric acid.
Example 3: preparation of Yeast cultures
1) Solid state fermentation:
mixing the above mixed bacterial liquid, solid fermentation premix prepared from fermentation raw materials and water at a ratio of 7:3, and stacking on a fermentation bed to form square fermentation pile with a length of more than 2 meters, a width of more than 2 meters and a height of 0.5-0.8 meter.
As shown in fig. 1, the fermentation bed comprises a fermentation bed area 7 and a fermentation bed outer wall 1, and a temperature-adjusting water pipe 5 is paved at the lower layer; a radiation film 3 is paved below the water pipe, and a heat insulation plate 6 is paved below the radiation film 3; the cement layer 4 of 4cm is laid to water pipe 5 top that adjusts temperature, floor tile 2 is laid to cement layer 4 top, and floor tile 2 top is fermentation bed district 7 promptly, and fermentation bed district 7 is equipped with fermentation bed outer wall 1 all around, fermentation bed outer wall 1 goes deep into under the heated board 6 to more than 0.9m than floor tile 2. A temperature-adjusting water pipe is paved at the lower layer of the fermentation bed, and the water temperature can be adjusted within the range of 10-42 ℃. The diameter of the water pipe is 3cm, the material is plastic, the transverse interval is 15cm, and the longitudinal distance is 6cm from the surface of the fermentation bed. A radiation film is paved below the water pipe, and a heat insulation board is paved below the radiation film; cement with the length of 4cm is paved above the water pipe, floor tiles are paved above the cement, and the fermentation bed is arranged above the floor tiles. See figure 1 in detail. During fermentation, if the temperature of the material is lower than 30 ℃, setting the temperature of the water pipe to be 42 ℃, and heating the material; if the temperature of the material is higher than 50 ℃, the temperature of the water pipe is set to be 10 ℃, and the material is cooled.
According to the material temperature, the temperature of the fermentation bed is adjusted, so that the quick propagation of probiotics is promoted, and the material fermentation speed is improved. Standing for fermentation until the internal temperature of the material rises to 45 ℃, and turning the material by using turning equipment to cool and ventilate; and then turning the material once every 12 hours, finishing the 5 th turning, continuing the fermentation for 12 hours, and ending the solid state fermentation process. The turning equipment preferably adopts CN201510352208.4, can accurately control the lifting position of the turning wheel, can realize ventilation and cooling of materials with the thickness of more than 2mm on the fermentation bed, can ensure that the materials are fully contacted with air, can ensure oxygen required by aerobic bacteria, and can improve the decomposition rate of raw materials.
2) Drying and crushing:
the material is dried by adopting an active drying technology, the temperature of an air inlet is lower than 60 ℃, the temperature of an air outlet is lower than 40 ℃, the temperature in a drying tower is about 55 ℃, and the moisture of the dried material is 11% -12%. Pulverizing the materials, and sieving with 2.0mm sieve to obtain yeast culture product. The active drying technology is a CN20091012598. X active drying tower or an active drying tower adopting the embodiment 4 of the invention.
The using method comprises the following steps: the saccharomyces cerevisiae culture product rich in active probiotics, which is prepared by the invention, is used as a feed additive, and can be added into complete feed according to the weight percentage of 1-5%, and the mixture is uniformly mixed.
The present invention provides a solution to the following three problems.
1. The content of active ingredients of the yeast culture taking agricultural and sideline products as main fermentation raw materials is improved. At present, yeast cultures produced by agricultural byproducts in the market have low content of active ingredients of fermentation products such as mannans, beta-glucans, acid soluble proteins and the like. Yeast cultures produced by using agricultural and sideline products as substrates generally have a mannan content of < 2.0%, a beta-glucan content of < 1.0% and an acid soluble protein content of < 20.0% of the total protein. The invention can produce yeast culture by utilizing agricultural and sideline products with high efficiency, the content of mannans in the finished product is more than 3.0 percent, and the acid soluble protein accounts for more than 25.0 percent of the total protein; the content of beta-glucan is more than 1.8 percent.
2. Improving the production efficiency of yeast culture. In the solid state fermentation production process of the yeast culture, the temperature is slowly raised, the temperature of the solid material is raised to 45 ℃ at the room temperature of 25 ℃ in the prior art, more than 20 hours are usually required, and the solid state fermentation time is more than 96 hours. The invention shortens the fermentation time to 70h by reasonably using carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphorus source and trace elements, and shortens the time to 10h when the temperature of the material is raised to more than 45 ℃ (the room temperature is 25 ℃).
3. Currently, most yeast cultures on the market do not contain active probiotics, and only a fraction of yeast cultures contain small amounts of active probiotics. The invention can effectively improve the content of active probiotics in the yeast culture by improving the fermentation process and fermentation equipment, and the content of active saccharomycetes (including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis) in the finished product of the yeast culture produced by the method and the equipment is more than 9.0 x 10 8 The content of active lactobacillus plantarum is more than 1.0 and 10 per gram 4 CFU/g, active bacillus coagulans content > 1.0 x 10 8 CFU/g, total viable bacteria > 1.0 x 10 9 CFU/g。
Example 4: active drying tower
As shown in fig. 2-4, an active drying tower for saccharomyces cerevisiae culture comprises a drying tower body 8, wherein a rotating shaft 10 is arranged in the drying tower body 8, the rotating shaft 10 is connected with a rotating motor 33 through a reduction gearbox, a spiral drying disc 12 with air holes 13 is arranged on the rotating shaft 10, a circulating air inlet 15 and a circulating air outlet 16 for leading in and out hot air in the tower body are arranged on the side wall of the drying tower body 8, and the circulating air inlet 15 and the circulating air outlet 16 are respectively connected with an air supply duct and an air return duct; the bottom of the drying tower body is provided with a discharge hole 14; the drying disc 12 is provided with a plurality of round table-shaped air holes 13 with small upper part and big lower part at intervals.
The active drying tower also comprises a heat pump mechanism, a variable frequency fan 32 arranged at the air inlet of the drying tower body 8 and an air treatment channel communicated between the air outlet of the drying tower body 8 and the heat pump system; the heat pump mechanism is respectively connected with the drying tower body 8 through a circulating air inlet 15 and a circulating air outlet 16; the heat pump system includes a compressor 17, a condenser 18, an evaporator 19, a throttle device 20, and a refrigeration cycle passage 21 connecting the respective parts; the air treatment channel comprises an air filtration treatment device 101 arranged on a pipeline, a bypass air duct 102 is further connected in parallel with the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the air filtration treatment device 101, and an air valve I103, an air valve II 104 and an air valve III 105 are respectively arranged at the air inlet of the air filtration treatment device 101 and the air inlet and the air outlet of the bypass air duct 102.
The active drying tower is also provided with a control device 30, wherein the control device 30 comprises a real-time moisture tester 31 arranged in a discharging pipeline in the drying tower body, and the real-time moisture of the dried material is measured (the update frequency is 1 second). The control device 30 is respectively connected with the real-time moisture meter 31 and the variable frequency fan 32 through signal transmission channels; when the moisture of the material is higher than 12.5%, the feeding speed is automatically slowed down; when the moisture of the material is lower than 11.0%, the feeding speed is automatically increased.
The working process and working principle of the active drying tower of the invention are as follows:
firstly, the spiral drying tray 12 with air holes 13 can correspondingly fall on the spiral drying tray 12 corresponding to the feeding hole 11 when materials entering the drying tower body 8 through the feeding hole 11. The helical drying tray 12 has a slope that allows the material to slide down the chute slowly, thereby avoiding the material falling directly from the top under the force of gravity without sufficient residence time. At the same time, the spiral drying tray 12 is rotated by the rotating shaft 10, so that the material thereon is also rotated around the rotating shaft 10. Under the sliding action along the spiral drying tray 12 and the rotation action around the rotation shaft 10, not only the material particles slide down along the spiral drying tray 12, but also collision motion occurs between the material particles, so that the adhesion of the particles generated by long-time stacking is avoided. Secondly, the high-temperature drying gas rises upwards along the spiral drying disc from the variable-frequency fan 32 at the bottom of the drying tower body 8 and is in collision contact with the descending material to exchange heat, so that the heat and mass transfer between the hot air and the material are greatly enhanced, the material is heated uniformly, and the high-humidity material rises in the tower body in a spiral manner due to the action of high-speed hot air; simultaneously set up heliciform drying tray 12 can promote the high wet material that deposits in the desiccator bottom, has further slowed down the decline speed of material, can automatically regulated material in the stay time of active drying tower through the layer number height, air current speed, rotation axis rotational speed and the direction of rotation of control drying tray 12, can make the inside evenly distributed of drying tower above-mentioned dry gas, not only can improve drying efficiency, can make the granule dry even moreover.
The invention works continuously, has high automation degree, no dead angle and easy cleaning. The temperature in the tower and the residence time of the materials in the drying tower can be strictly controlled in the operation process, so that the drying requirement is met; if the monomer active drying tower can not meet the drying requirement, the material of the discharge hole 14 can be conveyed to the low feed inlet again for drying for multiple times, or a plurality of monomer active drying towers are connected end to end for operation, so that the purpose of drying effect is ensured. The invention has small occupied area, low drying temperature, small steam consumption and high drying yield, is favorable for reducing electricity consumption and steam consumption, is suitable for large-scale production, is suitable for drying materials with high heat sensitivity, and has strong practicability.
In the air circuit, the variable frequency fan 32 sends the hot dry air discharged from the outlet of the condenser 18 into the drying tower 8 to dry the material to be dried. The low-temperature wet air after drying the materials is discharged from a circulating air outlet 16 at the top end of the drying tower body 8. When the air discharged from the circulating air outlet 16 of the drying tower body 8 contains dust, the first air valve 103 is opened, and the second air valve 104 and the third air valve 105 are closed; the wet air passes through the air filtering device 101 and then is sent to the evaporator 19; the moist air provides the heat required for the evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator 19 and is thereby cooled and dried to become dry air at a lower temperature, which is then fed into the condenser 18; in the condenser 18, the low-temperature dry air absorbs heat released when the refrigerant condenses in the condenser 18, becomes dry hot air, and is sent into the drying tower 8 by the variable frequency fan 32, thus forming a cycle. When the air at the circulating air outlet 16 of the drying tower body 8 does not contain dust, the first air valve 103 is closed, and the second air valve 104 and the third air valve 105 are opened; the air directly enters the evaporator 19 from the bypass duct 102 for cooling and drying, and other circulation processes are exactly the same as those of the air passing through the air filtering treatment device 101.
Example 5: mutton sheep feeding test:
test time: 2021, 5, 13 to 2021, 7, 16 days, for a total of 65 days.
Test site: the Yang Ling demonstration area of Shaanxi is a feeding test base for mutton sheep at northwest agriculture and forestry university.
Source of experimental sheep: all sheep were purchased from the scale farmers in Ulmin Africa county, shaanxi province, the sheep breeds were pure hu sheep, the day age was 50-70 days, the body weight was 14-16kg, and 30 sheep were purchased for the test.
Grouping of experimental sheep: all sheep were divided into 6 groups of 5 sheep each, each group weighing 74-76kg, and 6 groups of sheep were housed in 6 pen, respectively. Wherein, the colony houses 1, 2 and 3 are set as control groups for feeding conventional complete pellet feed on the market; 4. the colony houses No. 5 and No. 6 are set as test groups, and 2% of yeast culture produced by the invention patent is added on the basis of complete pellet feed.
The test method comprises the following steps: during the test period, all sheep only eat and drink water freely, the feed left in the previous day is recorded at 8 points in the morning every day, and 60% of the feed intake in the previous day is added; the feed addition amount at 3 pm is consistent with that at the morning.
The test results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 results of feeding test of Hu sheep at fattening period
Note that: the product of the invention is calculated according to the selling price of 6000 yuan/ton, and the addition amount is 2% of the total feed.
As shown in the feeding test results of the Hu sheep in the fattening period of Table 2, the average daily gain is increased by 27.12g/d and is increased by 12.0% compared with the control group when the Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture produced by the patent is used for 65 days on the Hu sheep in the fattening period; the average daily feed intake is increased by 58.0g/d, and the average daily feed intake is increased by 4.73 percent; the feed conversion ratio was reduced by 0.352; the fattening cost is reduced by 0.47 yuan/kg, and the fattening cost is reduced by 3.61 percent. The saccharomyces cerevisiae culture product rich in active probiotics has remarkable effect when used as a feed additive.
The foregoing is illustrative of embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. The present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, but is capable of being modified or equivalent to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A saccharomyces cerevisiae culture rich in active probiotics characterized by:
the saccharomyces cerevisiae culture rich in active probiotics is prepared by mixing and fermenting the following components in parts by weight: 2.2-4.3 parts of mixed bacterial liquid, 40-60 parts of guniting corn husk, 10-20 parts of feed-grade jujube powder, 10-20 parts of bran, 1-5 parts of bran, 2-6 parts of glucose, 1-5 parts of flour, 1-3 parts of urea, 1-3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5-2 parts of salt, 1-3 parts of stone powder, 0.1-0.3 part of ferrous sulfate and 0.1-0.3 part of manganese sulfate; the mixed bacterial liquid comprises, by weight, 1-2 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial liquid, 0.8-1.5 parts of candida utilis bacterial liquid, 0.2-0.4 parts of lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and 0.2-0.4 parts of bacillus coagulans bacterial liquid; the content of viable bacteria in the four bacterial strains is more than 10 10 CFU/mL；
The strains of the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the candida utilis, the bacillus coagulans and the lactobacillus plantarum are respectively saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC 1355, candida utilis Candida utilis CICC 31188, bacillus coagulans Bacillus subtilis CICC 10071 and lactobacillus plantarum Lactobacillus plantarum CICC 21190;
the culture mediums of the two strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis are PDA culture mediums, and after the two strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis are respectively cultured for 24 hours and 22 hours under the conditions of 30 ℃ of temperature, 150rpm of rotating speed, 6.3-6.8 of pH value and more than 30 percent of dissolved oxygen of a fermentation tank, the living bacteria content of the two strains of bacteria liquid is more than 10 10 CFU/mL; the bacillus coagulans is cultured for 20 hours in a fermentation tank with the temperature of 37 ℃ and the rotating speed of 180rpm and the pH of 5.5-6.0 and the dissolved oxygen of more than 40 percent by using an LB culture medium, and the bacterial liquid and the bacterial content of more than 10 10 CFU/mL; the Lactobacillus plantarum uses MRS culture medium inCulturing at 30deg.C, 180rpm, pH5.0-5.5 and more than 10% dissolved oxygen for 16 hr, and sterilizing the bacterial liquid with bacterial content more than 10 10 CFU/mL；
The preparation method of the saccharomyces cerevisiae culture rich in active probiotics comprises the following steps:
1) Premixing: uniformly mixing the above materials, controlling the volume weight to be 380-420g/L, and regulating the pH value to be 5.0 by using stone powder or citric acid to obtain a solid fermentation premix;
2) Solid state fermentation: uniformly mixing the solid fermentation premix and water in a mass ratio of 7:3, and stacking the mixture on a fermentation bed to form a square fermentation pile with a length of more than 2 meters, a width of more than 2 meters and a height of 0.5-0.8 meter; standing for fermentation until the internal temperature of the material rises to 45 ℃, and turning the material by using turning equipment to cool and ventilate; then turning the material once every 12 hours, finishing the 5 th turning, continuing the fermentation for 12 hours, and ending the solid state fermentation process;
3) Drying and crushing: the material is dried by adopting a living drying tower, the temperature of an air inlet is lower than 60 ℃, the temperature of an air outlet is lower than 40 ℃, and the water content of the dried material is 11% -12%; pulverizing the materials, and sieving with 2.0mm sieve to obtain Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture.
2. The active probiotic enriched saccharomyces cerevisiae culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fermentation bed comprises a fermentation bed area (7) and a fermentation bed outer wall (1), and a temperature-adjusting water pipe (5) is paved at the lower layer; a radiation film (3) is paved below the water pipe, and a heat insulation plate (6) is paved below the radiation film (3); a cement layer (4) is paved above the temperature-adjusting water pipe (5), a floor tile (2) is paved above the cement layer (4), a fermentation bed area (7) is arranged above the floor tile (2), a fermentation bed outer wall (1) is arranged around the fermentation bed area (7), and the fermentation bed outer wall (1) penetrates into the lower part of the heat-insulating plate (6) and is higher than the floor tile (2) by more than 0.9 m;
the water temperature of the temperature-regulating water pipe (5) can be adjusted within the range of 10-42 ℃; the diameter of the water pipe is 3cm, the water pipe is made of plastic, the transverse interval is 15cm, and the longitudinal distance is 6cm from the surface of the fermentation bed; during fermentation, if the temperature of the material is lower than 30 ℃, setting the temperature of the water pipe to be 42 ℃, and heating the material; if the temperature of the material is higher than 50 ℃, the temperature of the water pipe is set to be 10 ℃, and the material is cooled.
3. An active drying tower for a saccharomyces cerevisiae culture rich in active probiotics as claimed in claim 1 characterized by: the drying device comprises a drying tower body (8), wherein a rotating shaft (10) connected with a rotating motor (9) is arranged in the drying tower body (8), a spiral drying disc (12) with air holes (13) is arranged on the rotating shaft (10), a circulating air inlet (15) and a circulating air outlet (16) for leading in and out hot air in the tower body are arranged on the side wall of the drying tower body (8), and the circulating air inlet (15) and the circulating air outlet (16) are respectively connected with an air supply duct and an air return duct; a discharge hole (14) is arranged at the bottom of the drying tower body; a plurality of round table-shaped air holes (13) with small upper parts and large lower parts at intervals are arranged on the drying disc (12);
the device comprises a heat pump mechanism, a variable frequency fan (32) arranged at an air inlet of a drying tower body (8) and an air treatment channel communicated between an air outlet of the drying tower body (8) and a heat pump system; the heat pump mechanism is respectively connected with the drying tower body (8) through a circulating air inlet (15) and a circulating air outlet (16); the heat pump system comprises a compressor (17), a condenser (18), an evaporator (19), a throttling device (20) and a refrigeration circulation channel (21) connected with the parts; the air treatment channel comprises an air filtration treatment device (101) arranged on a pipeline, a bypass air duct (102) is further connected in parallel with an air inlet end and an air outlet end of the air filtration treatment device (101), and an air valve I (103), an air valve II (104) and an air valve III (105) are respectively arranged at an air inlet of the air filtration treatment device (101) and an air inlet and an air outlet of the bypass air duct (102);
the device is also provided with a control device (30), wherein the control device (30) comprises a real-time moisture tester (31) arranged in the drying tower body, and the control device (30) is respectively connected with the real-time moisture tester (31) and a variable frequency fan (32) through signal transmission channels; the aperture of the drying disc (12) is set to be 3.0-3.5mm.
4. Use of a saccharomyces cerevisiae culture according to any of claims 1-3 for the preparation of feed additives.
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