CN113785957A - 一种逆糖营养代餐食品 - Google Patents
一种逆糖营养代餐食品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113785957A CN113785957A CN202111083666.4A CN202111083666A CN113785957A CN 113785957 A CN113785957 A CN 113785957A CN 202111083666 A CN202111083666 A CN 202111083666A CN 113785957 A CN113785957 A CN 113785957A
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- powder
- parts
- food
- sugar
- meal replacement
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
- A23L19/115—Konjak; Konntaku
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L11/05—Mashed or comminuted pulses or legumes; Products made therefrom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明涉及营养代餐食品技术领域，具体涉及一种逆糖营养代餐食品。一种逆糖营养代餐食品，按重量份计由以下原料混合而成：魔芋粉3‑7份、苦瓜粉3‑7份、黄豆粉2‑6份、燕麦粉1‑3份、藜麦粉1‑3份和黄精粉0.1‑2份。本发明的逆糖营养代餐食品在食用的3‑6月后，II型糖尿病病人在不食用任何降血糖药物的情况下空腹血糖控制在7.0mmol/L以内，餐后2h血糖控制在8.0mmol/L以内，具有明显的治疗效果；且食用一段时间后，经检测II型糖尿病病人胰腺β细胞分泌胰岛素的功能都有不同程度的提高，实现了糖尿病病程逆转的愿望。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及营养代餐食品技术领域，具体涉及一种逆糖营养代餐食品。
背景技术
正常情况下，人们进食含碳水化合物食物在人体内快速被消化和吸收，提高人体血液内糖的浓度，使血糖升高。血糖升高后刺激人体胰腺β细胞分泌胰岛素，进而促使升高的血糖合成糖原储存在肝细胞内以降低血液中糖的浓度。当人体消耗能量时，先由血中的糖类来提供，血糖降低后肝细胞内糖原被消耗来补充血糖，从而使人体内的血糖浓度维持在正常范围内。
II型糖尿病的病人由于从食物中摄取的碳水化合物过多，超过了人体消耗能量所需，使血糖浓度持续升高，不断刺激胰腺β细胞分泌胰岛素致β细胞疲劳和衰竭，导致后续分泌的胰岛素越来越少，造成胰岛素绝对缺乏，使人体内的血糖浓度超过正常范围而形成II型糖尿病。同时，因肝细胞内储存的糖原过多，糖酵解产生磷酸二氢丙酮，经还原后形成甘油，糖氧化分解产生乙酰辅酶A。乙酰辅酶A是脂肪酸合成的原料，甘油和脂肪酸合成脂肪，肝细胞内合成的脂肪多，储存糖的能力就减弱。肝细胞存储糖原能力减弱导致胰岛素促使血糖转变成糖原的能力减弱，形成胰岛素抵抗，继而加重II型糖尿病的发生。
所以，II型糖尿病病人的发病机理是：因进食含碳水化合物的食物过多，而通过机体消耗的能量相对较小，致血液中糖的浓度持续升高，反复刺激胰腺的β细胞分泌胰岛素，而致β细胞分泌胰岛素的功能疲劳和衰竭。β细胞分泌的胰岛素越来越少，造成人体内胰岛素绝对不足，同时因为肝细胞内糖原异生成脂肪，形成胰岛素抵抗。人体内胰岛素绝对不足和胰岛素抵抗是形成II型糖尿病的病理机理，也是造成II型糖尿病的主要原因。
目前治疗II型糖尿病的措施主要有以下三类：
口服药物治疗：①双胍类药物，其作用机制是抑制肝糖的产生，减少肠对糖的吸收，而且可通过增加外周糖的摄取和利用而提高胰岛素的敏感性，达到降低血糖的作用。由于双胍类药物只是减低对糖的吸收，对血糖减低的能力有限，不能让疲劳的β细胞得到很好的恢复，同时其只能被动提高胰岛素的敏感性，而没有清除肝细胞内的脂肪，故对胰岛素抵抗的能力有限，故其非对因而只不过是对症治疗。②磺脲类药物，其作用机制是通过和磺脲类受体结合促进胰岛素的分泌。由于II型糖尿病病人分泌胰岛素的β细胞反复受刺激已疲劳，若食用磺脲类药物后再促进胰岛素的分泌，更容易造成β细胞分泌胰岛素的功能衰竭。③糖苷酶抑制剂，其可以抑制肠对糖的吸收，降血糖的能力有限，对形成II型糖尿病的病因无任何治疗。④二肽基肽酶抑制剂、GLP-1受体激动剂都是通过抑制胰高血糖素的分泌来促进胰岛素的分泌，并未对II型糖尿病病因进行治疗。⑤胰岛素增敏剂，其并未清除肝细胞的脂肪，对抗胰岛素抵抗的效果十分有限。⑥SGLT-2抑制剂，其是将高的血糖从肾脏排出，治标不治本。
注射胰岛素治疗：II型糖尿病由于胰岛素绝对不足，及时补充外源胰岛素自然是一个有效的对症治疗措施，但由于外源胰岛素进入人体后对β细胞分泌胰岛素有抑制作用，随着外源性胰岛素的不断进入，β细胞分泌功能因不断受到抑制而进入休眠或弃用状态，直至β细胞基本完全丧失分泌胰岛素的功能，这也是注射胰岛素后，随着时间增长，胰岛素的用量也逐步增加的原因。
手术治疗：①胃肠旷置术，其是通过手术的方式，机械的让II型糖尿病病人减少食物中碳水化合物的吸收，只是对症治疗，治标不治本。②胰腺移植术，II型糖尿病病人胰腺的功能减退和衰弱，手术换胰腺自然是一个治疗办法，但胰腺移植风险大，费用高，且未对II型糖尿病的成因进行根除，换胰腺后易复发II型糖尿病，故手术治疗方法无广泛推广价值。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种逆糖营养代餐食品，以解决现有II型糖尿病治疗措施存在的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种逆糖营养代餐食品，按重量份计由以下原料混合而成：魔芋粉3-7份、苦瓜粉3-7份、黄豆粉2-6份、燕麦粉1-3份、藜麦粉1-3份和黄精粉0.1-2份。
作为优选，所述逆糖营养代餐食品，按重量份计由以下原料混合而成：魔芋粉5份、苦瓜粉5份、黄豆粉4.5份、燕麦粉1份、藜麦粉1份和黄精粉0.5份。
作为优选，所述魔芋粉、黄豆粉、苦瓜粉、燕麦粉、藜麦粉和黄精粉的粒径均为200-300目。
本发明的各原料成分的作用机理如下：
魔芋粉含有大量甘露糖苷、维生素和膳食纤维以及一定量的黏液蛋白，其是一种低热能、低碳水化合物和高膳食纤维的食品，每100g中能量5大卡，碳水化合物2.3g。魔芋中含有目前发现最优良的可溶性膳食纤维，其中主要的有效成分是葡萄甘露聚糖。葡萄甘露聚糖可在食物四周形成一种保护层，抑制肠道对胆固醇和胆汁酸的吸收，延长食物在胃里的滞留时间，增加饱腹感。其次，葡萄甘露聚糖还能在肠壁上形成保护膜，而且魔芋所含的黏液蛋白能减少体内胆固醇的积累，预防动脉硬化和防治心脑血管疾病。
黄豆粉营养全面，富含大量的不饱和脂肪酸、多种微量元素、维生素以及优质蛋白质，其中，含有的抑制胰酶物质对糖尿病有治疗作用；含有的皂甙有明显的降血脂和抑制肿瘤细胞生长的作用；含有的卵磷脂能够降低人体的血清胆固醇和脂肪含量；含有的甾醇物质能有效增加神经既能，促进其活力功效；含有的异黄酮有抗癌和保护心血管作用。另外，黄豆粉是低碳化合物和能量不高食物，每100g黄豆粉含碳水化合物9.4g，能量125大卡。
苦瓜不但营养丰富，含有丰富的维生素、氨基酸、果胶、蛋白质和纤维素等营养物质，可为人体提供多种营养物质；同时含有苦瓜甙和类似胰岛素的物质，具有良好的降血糖作用，是糖尿病患者的理想食品。另外，每100g苦瓜粉中，能量只有9大卡，碳水化合物0.8g，是低能量、低碳水化合物的食品，非常适合II型糖尿病病人食用。
燕麦粉中蛋白质十分丰富，同时还含有丰富的维生素B2和维生素E，以及尼克酸、叶酸和膳食纤维等营养物质，尤其含有的膳食纤维可降低甘油三酯的低密度脂肪蛋白，延缓糖类物质的吸收，抑制饭后血糖浓度上升；同时，燕麦中的燕麦纤维能在肠胃中吸水膨胀，形成高粘度的溶胶或凝胶，延缓肠胃的排空时间，易产生饱腹感。
藜麦粉中富含镁、锰以及其他矿物质，可降低体内血糖；其还含有天然植物雌激素，植物雌激素本身不是激素，主要是异黄酮活性成分，在临床上常用来降压、降糖和降脂；另外，其还含有比较丰富的膳食纤维素，是可溶性及不溶性纤维素的优良来源，两种纤维素对调节血糖水平，降低胆固醇和保护心脏具有很好作用。本发明中加入藜麦粉，一是因为其具有降糖作用；二是因为其富含多种氨基酸，比例适当易于吸收。藜麦粉中含有丰富的氨基酸，能够参与合成免疫抗体、消化酶、血浆蛋白和生长激素等人体蛋白，可以提高智力、促进生长、增强体质，改善营养不良状况，改善睡眠等；三是因为藜麦粉是一种碱性食品，食用较多大鱼大肉或利用脂肪供能会产生酮体，让体质偏酸容易造成亚健康的状态，食用藜麦粉以后可以起到改善体内酸碱平衡的作用，保持健康体质。
黄精粉，其有效成分--黄精多糖具有降血糖和糖化血红蛋白的作用；另外，黄精所含的物质对肾上腺素引起的血糖过高具有明显的抑制作用。黄精在进入到人体后有抗氧化作用，可以提高肝脏里超氧化物歧化酶的活性，让食用者的皮肤越来越好；其次，黄精具有补气养阴的功效，长期食用对肾脏具有一定的好处；本发明中加入黄精粉，一是黄精中的部分成分具有降血糖作用；二是黄精根茎中含有黄精多糖、黄精低聚糖、醌类、粘液质、氨基酸和锌、铜、铁等多种人体必需的微量元素；三是糖尿病在中医中属于消渴症的范畴，治疗糖尿病的关键所在为滋阴益肾、健脾益气，而黄精粉本身就具有滋阴益肾的功效。
在上述原料成分中，魔芋粉中的葡萄甘露聚糖能延长食物在胃里的滞留时间，增加饱腹感；与苦瓜粉配伍，可增强降血糖作用，同为君。黄豆粉含植物蛋白多且质优，可保证人体生命活动所需的营养物质，为臣。佐以藜麦粉和燕麦粉抑制饭后血糖浓度上升和改善体内酸碱平衡的作用，保持健康体质，与君臣合用，可增强逆糖之功效。黄精粉滋阴益肾，引入肾经之用，其为使，各种原料科学配伍，对II型糖尿病具有明显的治疗效果。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
(1)本发明的逆糖营养代餐食品是以II型糖尿病病人胰岛β细胞还未完全丧失分泌胰岛素功能为前提，在坚持食用本发明逆糖营养代餐食品的3-6月后，II型糖尿病病人在不食用任何降血糖药物的情况下空腹血糖控制在7.0mmol/L以内，餐后2h血糖控制在8.0mmol/L以内，具有明显的治疗效果。
(2)本发明的逆糖营养代餐食品食用一段时间后，经检测II型糖尿病病人胰腺β细胞分泌胰岛素的功能都有不同程度的提高，实现了糖尿病病程逆转的愿望。
具体实施方式
下面结合对本发明专利的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域所属的技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种逆糖营养代餐食品，由以下原料混合而成：魔芋粉3g、苦瓜粉3g、黄豆粉2.75g、燕麦粉1g、藜麦粉1g和黄精粉0.25g；所述魔芋粉、黄豆粉、苦瓜粉、燕麦粉、藜麦粉和黄精粉的粒径均为200目。
实施例2
一种逆糖营养代餐食品，由以下原料混合而成：魔芋粉5g、苦瓜粉5g、黄豆粉4.5g、燕麦粉1g、藜麦粉1g和黄精粉0.5g；所述魔芋粉、黄豆粉、苦瓜粉、燕麦粉、藜麦粉和黄精粉的粒径均为250目。
实施例3
一种逆糖营养代餐食品，由以下原料混合而成：魔芋粉7g、苦瓜粉7g、黄豆粉6g、燕麦粉3g、藜麦粉3g和黄精粉2g；所述魔芋粉、黄豆粉、苦瓜粉、燕麦粉、藜麦粉和黄精粉的粒径均为300目。
食用调查
1.选择患有II型糖尿病的病人且其胰岛β细胞还未完全丧失分泌胰岛素的功能；
2.每天坚持食用本发明实施例2中逆糖营养代餐食品100g：其中，早餐20g，中餐和晚餐各40g，随餐用300-400mL开水冲服。
按照上述方法，食用本发明逆糖营养代餐食品187人的血糖控制水平详见表1。
表1食用本发明逆糖营养代餐食品后的187名II型糖尿病的病人血糖控制水平汇总
从表1可以看出，187人食用本发明的逆糖营养代餐食品3-6个月期间，空腹血糖维持在7mmol/以下，餐后2h血糖维持在8mmol/以下，全部达到了降糖目标。可见，本发明的逆糖营养代餐食品可以有效降低II型糖尿病病人血糖。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式，并且很显然，根据上述教导，可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (3)
1.一种逆糖营养代餐食品，其特征在于，按重量份计由以下原料混合而成：魔芋粉3-7份、苦瓜粉3-7份、黄豆粉2-6份、燕麦粉1-3份、藜麦粉1-3份和黄精粉0.1-2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的逆糖营养代餐食品，其特征在于，按重量份计由以下原料混合而成：魔芋粉5份、苦瓜粉5份、黄豆粉4.5份、燕麦粉1份、藜麦粉1份和黄精粉0.5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的逆糖营养代餐食品，其特征在于，所述魔芋粉、黄豆粉、苦瓜粉、燕麦粉、藜麦粉和黄精粉的粒径均为200-300目。
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