CN113757680B - Energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device - Google Patents

Energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113757680B
CN113757680B CN202110922574.4A CN202110922574A CN113757680B CN 113757680 B CN113757680 B CN 113757680B CN 202110922574 A CN202110922574 A CN 202110922574A CN 113757680 B CN113757680 B CN 113757680B
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China
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furnace body
air inlet
organic waste
grate
waste
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CN202110922574.4A
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CN113757680A (en
Inventor
祁风雷
石行
马培勇
刘小好
张翔
王振
陆国庆
王艺超
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Hefei University of Technology
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Hefei University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/24Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
    • F23G5/28Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber having raking arms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46Recuperation of heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50Control or safety arrangements

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device which comprises a furnace body, wherein a feed inlet is formed in one side of the furnace body, a grate is arranged in the furnace body, and an arc slide way is arranged on one side, far away from the feed inlet, of the grate; a first air inlet is arranged below the feeding hole, and an air duct of the first air inlet is arranged opposite to the arc slideway; when the organic waste falls into the feeding hole, the wind power of the first air inlet blows the organic waste into the furnace body transversely and forms rotational flow along the arc slideway, and the organic waste is combusted in an up-and-down turning manner; when the waste combustion equipment is used, the crushed waste is turned over in the furnace by the aid of transverse wind power and the action of the arc-shaped slide ways in the combustion chamber, so that the waste is fully contacted with air during combustion, and the waste is fully combusted in the environment.

Description

Energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of garbage treatment and incineration devices, and particularly relates to the field of garbage crushing and incineration devices.
Background
The quantity of domestic medical wastes is sharply increased, so that a great burden is brought to the treatment of the medical wastes, and the treatment technology of the domestic medical wastes is mainly direct incineration treatment at present; the incineration is to carry out high-temperature incineration on the garbage to cause the garbage to be subjected to chemical decomposition, so that the chemical energy of organic matters in the garbage is converted into heat energy, and the aims of reduction, reclamation and harmlessness of the garbage are fulfilled; although the quantity of medical wastes can be reduced to a certain extent through incineration treatment, a large amount of oxygen needs to be introduced in the incineration process, and then a large amount of air is needed, and due to insufficient combustion of the medical wastes, a large amount of pollution gases such as nitrogen oxides and dioxin are generated in the combustion process, and the pollution gases enter the tail gas purification treatment device along with the air, so that the burden of tail gas purification treatment is increased; this requires a complete exhaust gas purification treatment device to be installed at the end of the incineration apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention achieves the purpose through the following technical scheme:
an energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device comprises a furnace body, wherein a feed inlet is formed in one side of the furnace body, a grate is arranged in the furnace body, and an arc slide way is arranged on one side, far away from the feed inlet, of the grate; a first air inlet is arranged below the feeding hole, and an air duct of the first air inlet is arranged opposite to the arc slideway; when the organic waste falls into the feeding hole, the wind power of the first air inlet blows the organic waste into the furnace body transversely and forms rotational flow along the arc slide way, and the organic waste is combusted in an up-and-down turning manner.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a sparse hole screen plate and a dense hole screen plate are arranged on one side, close to the air inlet, above the grate, the sparse hole screen plate is arranged above the dense hole screen plate, and the height of the dense hole screen plate is lower than the upper end face of the arc slideway.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a perforated brick wall is also arranged between the upper part of the fire grate and the top of the furnace body, and the height of the perforated brick wall is higher than that of the top of the arc slideway.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a second air inlet is formed in the bottom of the grate, and a pipeline of the second air inlet is communicated with a combustion-supporting gas tank.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a crushing device is further arranged at the feed inlet, a crushing roller is arranged in the middle of the crushing device, a filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the crushing device close to the feed inlet, an auger for lifting is further arranged at one side of the crushing device, the bottom of the auger is communicated with one side of the filter screen, and the top of the auger is communicated with the upper part of the crushing roller; the discarded object is through the crushing roller crushing back, via the filter screen screening, falls into the stove through the feed inlet that meets the requirements and burns, and the promotion that passes through the auger that does not meet the requirements is transmitted to the top of crushing roller, is smashed by the crushing roller once more.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a smoke outlet is arranged on the other side of the furnace body away from the feed inlet, a heat exchanger is arranged at the smoke outlet, and a filtering device is arranged between the front end of the heat exchanger and the smoke outlet.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the rear end of the heat exchanger is communicated with the first air inlet.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the rear end of the heat exchanger is communicated with a second air inlet, and a wind power regulating valve is arranged at the second air inlet.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a drying device is arranged at the top of the crushing device and is communicated with the heat exchanger.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) when the waste combustion equipment is used, the crushed waste is turned over up and down in the furnace by utilizing the action of the transverse wind power and the arc-shaped slide way in the combustion chamber, so that the waste is fully contacted with air during combustion, and the situation is fully combusted;
2) meanwhile, an upper layer of screen plate and a lower layer of screen plate with different apertures are arranged on the left side of the arc-shaped slide way, so that wastes which turn upwards can fall onto the screen plates, and are combusted in a staged manner on the screen plates, and the heat storage effect of the porous brick walls is matched, so that the efficiency of convective heat transfer and radiative heat transfer between the high-temperature environment in the furnace and the wastes is improved, and the generation of nitrogen oxides, dioxin and other pollution gases is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view at A of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a filtration apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a furnace body; 11. a feed inlet; 12. a grate; 13. a circular arc slideway; 14. a sparse pore net plate; 15. a dense hole screen plate; 16. a flue gas outlet; 2. a first air inlet; 3. a perforated brick wall; 4. a second air inlet; 41. a wind power regulating valve; 5. a combustion-supporting gas tank; 6. a crushing device; 61. a crushing roller; 62. filtering with a screen; 63. a packing auger; 7. a heat exchanger; 8. a filtration device; 81. a filter screen mechanism; 82. rotating the shifting sheet; 9. and (7) a drying device.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device comprises a furnace body 1, wherein a feed inlet 11 is formed in one side of the furnace body 1, a crushing device 6 is arranged at the feed inlet, a grate 12 is arranged in the furnace body 1, and a flue gas outlet 16 is formed in the other side of the furnace body 1 away from the feed inlet 11; a heat exchanger 7 is arranged at the flue gas outlet 16, and a filtering device 8 is arranged between the front end of the heat exchanger 7 and the flue gas outlet 16;
when the energy-saving furnace is used, waste is crushed by the crushing device and falls into the feeding hole, then the waste is combusted on the grate, the combusted smoke rises and sinks along the baffle plate, ash in the smoke sinks to the bottom of the furnace body, then the smoke leaves the furnace body through the smoke outlet, tiny smoke dust in the smoke is further removed through the filtering device, finally, energy exchange is carried out through the heat exchanger, heat in part of high-temperature smoke is recovered, and the energy utilization rate is improved;
Specifically, a crushing roller 61 is arranged in the middle of the crushing device 6, a filter screen 62 is arranged at the position, close to the feed inlet 11, of the bottom of the crushing device 6, an auger 63 for lifting is further arranged on one side of the crushing device 6, the bottom of the auger 63 is communicated with the side wall, close to the filter screen 62, of the crushing device 6, and the top of the auger 63 is communicated with the upper portion of the crushing roller 61; the waste is crushed by the crushing roller and then is screened by the filter screen, falls into the furnace through the feed inlet to be combusted according to the requirement, is lifted by the packing auger to be transmitted to the upper part of the crushing roller according to the requirement, and is crushed by the crushing roller again; on one hand, the particle size of waste gas entering the furnace body is reduced, the combustion efficiency is improved, on the other hand, the repeated crushing effect can be realized through the auger, and the uniformity of particles during combustion is guaranteed;
an arc slideway 13 is arranged on the right side of the grate 12, a first air inlet 2 is arranged below the feed inlet 11, and an air channel of the first air inlet 2 is arranged opposite to the arc slideway 13; when the crushed waste falls into the feeding hole 11, the organic waste is transversely blown into the furnace body 1 through the wind power of the first air inlet 2 and forms a rotational flow along the arc slideway 13 to carry out the up-and-down tumbling type combustion;
preferably, in order to facilitate better combustion, a second air inlet 4 is arranged at the bottom of the grate 12, a wind power regulating valve 41 is arranged at the second air inlet 4, and a pipeline of the second air inlet 4 is communicated with a combustion-supporting gas tank 5; the combustion-supporting gas in the combustion-supporting gas tank 5 is pumped into the furnace body by utilizing the wind power at the second air inlet 4, the second air inlet is provided with an air outlet which is gradually widened near the fire grate, a regulating valve at the second air inlet is used for regulating the air quantity of the mixed gas entering the furnace body, the mixed gas of air and combustion-supporting gas is fed into the furnace in the aspect of force, the combustion efficiency of waste is improved, on the other hand, the waste falling on the fire grate is slightly blown up, the waste is convenient to turn over under the wind power action of the first air inlet, and the waste on the fire grate is prevented from being accumulated to influence the wind power effect of the first air inlet;
Furthermore, although the waste can be overturned and combusted in the furnace through the arc-shaped slide way, the waste quickly falls down to enter a new cycle, so that the retention time of the waste in a high-temperature area with small air quantity in the furnace is short, the complete burnout time is prolonged, and the integral combustion is not facilitated; therefore, a sparse hole screen plate 14 and a dense hole screen plate 15 are arranged on one side, close to the feed inlet 11, above the grate 12, wherein the sparse hole screen plate 14 is arranged above the dense hole screen plate 15, and the height of the sparse hole screen plate 14 is lower than that of the upper end surface of the arc slide 13; when the net plate is used, wastes which are billowed upwards can fall onto the net plate and are combusted on the net plate, the wastes which are not billowed are gradually fallen from the upper net plate to the lower net plate according to different volume reduction of combustion degree, and the wastes which are not billowed continuously fall and then enter the arc-shaped slide way to be billowed continuously into a new cycle along with the newly entered wastes under the action of wind force; the double-layer screen plate can play a role in staged combustion, so that unburnt wastes fall layer by layer through the screen plate, the retention time of the wastes in the furnace can be prolonged, and the wastes can be ensured to be more sufficiently combusted; meanwhile, the double-layer screen plate is positioned at the part with smaller air volume in the furnace, so that higher temperature can be ensured to burn off the waste;
A perforated brick wall 3 is also arranged between the upper part of the fire grate 12 and the top of the furnace body 1, and the height of the perforated brick wall 3 is higher than that of the top of the arc slideway 13; therefore, heat accumulating type combustion is realized, on one hand, gas which is not completely burnt out can be partially combusted in the perforated brick, on the other hand, the perforated brick can accumulate heat, maintain or improve the temperature of a combustion area, improve the efficiency of convective heat transfer and radiant heat transfer, promote the sufficient combustion of waste and reduce the generation of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, dioxin and the like;
a baffle is vertically arranged on the right side of the perforated brick wall, a flue gas flow path from the perforated brick wall to a flue gas outlet is divided into a U shape by the baffle, the flue gas is convenient for ash sedimentation under the action of the baffle, and the dust amount in the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet is reduced; compared with a common vibration filter screen dust removal device, the structure is simpler, the system reliability is high, and the work of the device only needs to rotate the timing rotating shifting piece once, so that the device does not need to work continuously, and the energy consumption is reduced;
the filtering device 8 at the smoke outlet comprises a filter screen mechanism 81 and a rotary shifting sheet 82, after the whole combustion device runs for a period of time, a certain amount of dust can be gathered on a filter screen in the filter screen mechanism 81, in order not to influence the normal work of the filter screen, the shifting sheet on the filter screen is rotated and shifted at the moment, the filter screen rapidly swings back and forth in a filter screen frame by compressing a spring arranged on the filter screen mechanism frame, and the dust attached to the filter screen is removed by utilizing the pulse action of the spring; preferably, a layer of low-temperature catalyst can be added on the filter screen, so that the emission of nitrogen oxides can be effectively reduced, and the emitted flue gas has higher temperature, so that the catalysis is carried out under the condition of higher relative temperature, and the catalysis efficiency can be greatly improved;
Furthermore, in order to recycle the heat in the high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas enters the heat exchanger 7 for heat exchange after passing through the filtering device 8, so that the temperature recovery is realized, and the purposes of recycling energy and saving energy consumption are achieved;
preferably, in order to further utilize the residual temperature after heat exchange, the rear end of the heat exchanger 7 is communicated with the first gas inlet 2 and the second gas inlet 4 simultaneously; the connecting structure can not only ensure the temperature of the gas fed into the furnace body and avoid the low-temperature gas from entering the furnace body to influence the combustion efficiency, but also utilize the wind power as a corresponding power source to reduce the number of additionally arranged blowers;
in addition, a drying device 9 is arranged at the top of the crushing device 6, so that the solid waste is dried before being crushed, on one hand, the situation that the solid waste is too moist and cannot be ignited is avoided, and on the other hand, the situation that the contact between the waste and air is reduced due to the adhesion of the crushed fine solid waste caused by too high humidity is also avoided; preferably, the drying device 9 is communicated with the heat exchanger 7, so that the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange can be fully utilized, and the energy utilization rate during drying is reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. An energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device is characterized in that: the furnace comprises a furnace body (1), wherein a feed port (11) is formed in one side of the furnace body (1), a grate (12) is arranged in the furnace body (1), and an arc slide way (13) is arranged on one side, far away from the feed port (11), of the grate (12); a first air inlet (2) is arranged below the feed port (11), and an air duct of the first air inlet (2) is arranged opposite to the arc slide way (13); when the organic waste falls into the feeding hole (11), the wind power of the first air inlet (2) transversely blows the organic waste into the furnace body (1) and forms a rotational flow along the arc slide way (13) to perform the rising-falling combustion;
one side, close to the feed inlet (11), above the grate (12) is provided with a sparse hole screen plate (14) and a dense hole screen plate (15), the sparse hole screen plate (14) is arranged above the dense hole screen plate (15), and the height of the sparse hole screen plate (14) is lower than that of the upper end face of the arc slide (13);
a perforated brick wall (3) is also arranged between the upper part of the fire grate (12) and the top of the furnace body (1), and the perforated brick wall (3) is higher than the top of the arc slideway (13);
a second air inlet (4) is formed in the bottom of the grate (12), and a pipeline of the second air inlet (4) is communicated with a combustion-supporting gas tank (5);
The device is characterized in that a crushing device (6) is further arranged at the position of the feed port (11), a crushing roller (61) is arranged in the middle of the crushing device (6), a filter screen (62) is arranged at the position, close to the feed port (11), of the bottom of the crushing device (6), an auger (63) used for lifting is further arranged on one side of the crushing device (6), the bottom of the auger (63) is communicated with the side wall, close to the filter screen (62), of the crushing device (6), and the top of the auger is communicated with the upper portion of the crushing roller (61);
the utility model discloses a furnace body, including furnace body (1), feed inlet (11), gas outlet (16) department is equipped with heat exchanger (7), be equipped with filter equipment (8) between front end and the gas outlet (16) of heat exchanger (7), filter equipment (8) include filter screen mechanism (81) and rotation plectrum (82).
2. An energy-saving environment-friendly organic waste incineration device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the rear end of the heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the first air inlet (2).
3. An energy-saving environment-friendly organic waste incineration device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the rear end of the heat exchanger (7) is communicated with a second air inlet (4), and a wind power regulating valve (41) is arranged at the second air inlet (4).
4. An energy-saving environment-friendly organic waste incineration device as set forth in claim 3, characterized in that: the top of the crushing device (6) is provided with a drying device (9), and the drying device (9) is communicated with the heat exchanger (7).
CN202110922574.4A 2021-08-12 2021-08-12 Energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device Active CN113757680B (en)

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CN113757680B true CN113757680B (en) 2022-06-28

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114308335A (en) * 2021-12-14 2022-04-12 湖州霞幕山生态农林发展有限公司 Utilize device of gardens discarded object environmental protection processing domestic sludge
CN114294652A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-04-08 合肥工业大学 Be used for discarded object broken combustion processing apparatus

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JPS5780114A (en) * 1980-11-08 1982-05-19 Miyata Yoshikazu Solid waste treatment equipment
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CN209893424U (en) * 2019-05-08 2020-01-03 山东金孚环境工程有限公司 Direct combustion type waste gas incinerator
CN111706865A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-09-25 王彩霞 Garbage incinerator

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CN100580320C (en) * 2008-05-23 2010-01-13 河南德润锅炉有限公司 High-temperature combustion-supporting device and special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel
CN205424899U (en) * 2016-03-18 2016-08-03 昆山凯洲环保机械有限公司 One -way roll of wind formula air supply biology fires burning furnace
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5780114A (en) * 1980-11-08 1982-05-19 Miyata Yoshikazu Solid waste treatment equipment
JP2009167424A (en) * 2009-04-30 2009-07-30 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Gasification apparatus for organic fuel
CN105202546A (en) * 2015-11-05 2015-12-30 杨西建 Solid organic waste recycling device
CN209893424U (en) * 2019-05-08 2020-01-03 山东金孚环境工程有限公司 Direct combustion type waste gas incinerator
CN111706865A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-09-25 王彩霞 Garbage incinerator

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