CN113757680B - An energy-saving and environmentally friendly organic waste incineration device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device, comprising a furnace body, a feeding port is provided on one side of the furnace body, a grate is arranged in the furnace body, and a side of the grate away from the feeding port is provided with a grate. A circular arc slideway; a first air inlet is arranged below the feed inlet, and the air duct of the first air inlet is arranged opposite to the circular arc slideway; when the organic waste falls to the feed inlet, the first air inlet is The wind at the air inlet blows the organic waste into the furnace body horizontally and forms a swirling flow along the arc slide, and conducts up and down tossing combustion; when the waste combustion equipment of the present invention is in use, the crushed waste is burned The indoor use of horizontal wind force and curved slides makes the waste toss up and down in the furnace to ensure full contact with the air when the waste is burned, and the environment is fully burned.

Description

An energy-saving and environmentally friendly organic waste incineration device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of garbage disposal and incineration devices, in particular to the field of garbage crushing incinerator devices.

Background technique

The amount of domestic medical waste is increasing sharply, which has brought a great burden to the treatment of medical waste. At present, the domestic treatment technology for medical waste is mainly direct incineration; When chemical decomposition occurs, the chemical energy of organic matter in waste is converted into heat energy, and the purpose of waste reduction, recycling and harmlessness is achieved at the same time; although incineration treatment can reduce the amount of medical waste to a certain extent, the incineration process A large amount of oxygen needs to be introduced into the furnace, which in turn requires a large amount of air. Many combustion furnaces produce a large amount of nitrogen oxides, dioxins and other polluting gases during the combustion process due to insufficient combustion of medical waste. These polluting gases follow Air enters the exhaust gas purification treatment device, which increases the burden of exhaust gas purification treatment; this requires the installation of a complete exhaust gas purification treatment device at the end of the incineration device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention achieves the above-mentioned objects through the following technical solutions:

An energy-saving and environmentally friendly organic waste incineration device, comprising a furnace body, a feeding port is provided on one side of the furnace body, a grate is provided in the furnace body, and an arc slide is provided on the side of the grate away from the feeding port. A first air inlet is arranged below the feeding port, and the air duct of the first air inlet is arranged opposite to the arc slide; when the organic waste falls to the feeding port, the first air inlet The wind blows the organic waste into the furnace horizontally and forms a swirling flow along the arc slide for up and down tossing combustion.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a sparse mesh plate and a dense mesh plate are provided on the upper side of the grate near the air inlet, and the sparse mesh plate is arranged above the dense mesh plate, and the dense mesh plate is arranged above the dense mesh plate. The height of the perforated screen is lower than the upper end face of the arc slide.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a porous brick wall is further provided between the upper part of the grate and the top of the furnace body, and the height of the porous brick wall is higher than the height of the top of the arc slideway.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the bottom of the grate is provided with a second air inlet, and the pipe of the second air inlet is connected to the combustion-assisting tank.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a crushing device is also provided at the feeding port, a crushing roller is provided in the middle of the crushing device, and a filter screen is provided at the bottom of the crushing device near the feeding port. One side of the device is also provided with an auger for lifting, the bottom of the auger communicates with one side of the filter screen, and the top communicates with the top of the crushing roller; after the waste is crushed by the crushing roller, it is sieved through the filter screen, Those that meet the requirements fall into the furnace through the feeding port for combustion, and those that do not meet the requirements are lifted and transferred to the top of the crushing roller by the auger, and are broken again by the crushing roller.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a flue gas outlet is provided on the other side of the furnace body away from the feed inlet, a heat exchanger is provided at the flue gas outlet, and the front end of the heat exchanger and the flue gas outlet are arranged between the front end and the flue gas outlet. There is a filter in the room.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the rear end of the heat exchanger communicates with the first air inlet.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the rear end of the heat exchanger is communicated with a second air inlet, and a wind adjustment valve is provided at the second air inlet.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the top of the crushing device is provided with a drying device, and the drying device is communicated with the heat exchanger.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) When the waste burning equipment of the present invention is in use, the pulverized waste uses the horizontal wind force and the arc slide in the combustion chamber to make the waste toss up and down in the furnace, so as to ensure that the waste is burned with sufficient air. contact, the situation is fully burnt;

2) At the same time, two upper and lower layers of mesh panels with different apertures are installed on the left side of the arc slide, so that the upturned waste can fall on the mesh plate, and the mesh plate will be burned in stages, and it is matched with the storage of the perforated brick wall. The thermal effect improves the convective heat transfer and radiation heat transfer efficiency between the high temperature environment in the furnace and the waste, and effectively reduces the generation of nitrogen oxides and dioxins and other polluting gases.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of filtering device in the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Furnace body; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Grate; 13. Arc slide; 14. Sparse mesh plate; 15. Dense mesh plate; 16. Flue gas outlet; 2. First Air inlet; 3. Perforated brick wall; 4. Second air inlet; 41. Wind adjustment valve; 5. Gas tank; 6. Crushing device; 61. Crushing roller; 62. Filter screen; 63. Auger; 7. Heat exchanger; 8. Filtering device; 81. Filter mechanism; 82. Rotating paddle; 9. Drying device.

Detailed ways

The application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the application, and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the application. Those skilled in the art can The above application content makes some non-essential improvements and adjustments to this application.

An energy-saving and environmentally friendly organic waste incineration device as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 includes a furnace body 1, a feeding port 11 is provided on one side of the furnace body 1, a crushing device 6 is provided at the feeding port, and the furnace body 1 There is a grate 12 inside, and a flue gas outlet 16 is provided on the other side of the furnace body 1 away from the feeding port 11; There is a filter device 8 between;

When in use, the waste is crushed by the crushing device and then falls into the feeding port, and then burns on the grate. The burned flue gas rises and sinks along the baffle, and the ash in the flue gas sinks to the bottom of the furnace body. Then the flue gas leaves the furnace body through the flue gas outlet, and then goes through the filter device to further remove the tiny soot in the flue gas, and finally exchanges energy through the heat exchanger to recover some of the heat in the high-temperature flue gas to improve the energy utilization rate;

Specifically, a crushing roller 61 is provided in the middle of the crushing device 6 , a filter screen 62 is provided at the bottom of the crushing device 6 near the feed port 11 , and an auger 63 for lifting is also provided on one side of the crushing device 6 . The bottom is communicated with the side wall of the crushing device 6 near the filter screen 62, and the top is communicated with the top of the crushing roller 61; the waste is crushed by the crushing roller and then screened by the filter screen, and those that meet the requirements fall into the furnace through the feeding port for combustion. , those that do not meet the requirements are transported to the top of the crushing roller through the lifting of the auger, and crushed by the crushing roller again; on the one hand, the particle size of the waste gas entering the furnace body is reduced, and the combustion efficiency is improved, and on the other hand, the auger can achieve repeated The crushing effect ensures the uniformity of the particles during combustion;

A circular arc slideway 13 is provided on the right side of the grate 12, a first air inlet 2 is provided below the feed inlet 11, and the air duct of the first air intake 2 is arranged opposite to the circular arc slideway 13; When the wastes fall into the feed inlet 11, the organic wastes are blown horizontally into the furnace body 1 by the wind force of the first air inlet 2 and form a swirling flow along the arc chute 13 to conduct up and down tossing combustion;

Preferably, in order to facilitate better combustion, a second air inlet 4 is provided at the bottom of the grate 12, a wind adjustment valve 41 is provided at the second air inlet 4, and the pipeline of the second air inlet 4 is connected to the auxiliary Gas tank 5; use the wind at the second air inlet 4 to pump the combustion-supporting gas in the combustion-supporting tank 5 into the furnace body, and the second air inlet is close to the grate. The regulating valve is used to adjust the air volume of the mixed gas entering the furnace body. In terms of power, the mixed gas of air and auxiliary gas is fed into the furnace to improve the combustion efficiency of the waste, and on the other hand, the waste falling on the grate will be The object is slightly blown up, which is convenient for turning over under the action of the wind force of the first air inlet, so as to avoid the accumulation of waste on the grate, which affects the wind effect of the first air inlet;

Further, although the waste can be tossed and burned in the furnace through the curved slide, it quickly falls into a new cycle, so that the waste stays in the high temperature area with small air volume in the furnace for a short time and is completely burned out. Therefore, a sparse mesh plate 14 and a dense mesh plate 15 are provided above the grate 12 near the feed port 11, wherein the sparse mesh plate 14 is arranged in the dense hole Above the screen plate 15, the height of the sparse screen plate 14 is lower than the height of the upper end surface of the arc slide 13; when in use, the upwardly churning waste can fall on the screen plate and burn on the screen plate. Different levels of combustion reduce the volume of unburned waste gradually falling from the upper stencil to the lower stencil, and the unburned will continue to fall, and then follow the newly entered waste into the arc chute due to the action of the wind. The tumbling enters a new cycle; the double-layer mesh plate can play the role of staged combustion, so that the unburned waste falls through the mesh plate layer by layer, which can prolong the residence time of the waste in the furnace and ensure that the waste is more efficient. Full combustion; at the same time, the double-layer stencil is located in the part of the furnace with a small air volume, which can ensure a higher temperature to burn out the waste;

There is also a porous brick wall 3 between the top of the grate 12 and the top of the furnace body 1, and the height of the porous brick wall 3 is higher than the height of the top of the arc slide 13; The burnt gas is partially burned in the porous brick. On the other hand, the porous brick can store heat, maintain or increase the temperature of the combustion zone, improve the efficiency of convective heat transfer and radiation heat transfer, promote the full combustion of waste, and reduce nitrogen oxides. and the formation of pollutants such as dioxins;

A baffle is vertically arranged on the right side of the perforated brick wall, through which the flue gas flow path between the perforated brick wall and the flue gas outlet is separated into a U shape. The amount of dust in the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet; compared with the common vibration filter screen dust removal device, its structure is simpler, the system reliability is high, and its work only needs to rotate the paddle once, no need for continuous work. energy consumption;

The filter device 8 at the outlet of the flue gas includes a filter screen mechanism 81 and a rotating paddle 82. After the entire combustion device runs for a period of time, a certain amount of dust will accumulate on the filter screen in the filter screen mechanism 81. In order not to affect the filter screen At this time, rotate the paddle on the filter screen, and the filter screen can be quickly swung back and forth in the filter screen frame by compressing the spring installed on the filter screen mechanism frame. Dust; preferably, a layer of low-temperature catalyst can be added on the filter screen, which can effectively reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. Since the exhausted flue gas has a high temperature, the catalysis is carried out at a relatively high temperature, which can be extremely Greatly improved catalytic efficiency;

Further, in order to recycle the heat in the high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas enters the heat exchanger 7 after passing through the filter device 8 to perform heat exchange, realizes temperature recovery, and achieves the purpose of energy recycling and energy saving;

Preferably, in order to further utilize the residual temperature after heat exchange, the rear end of the heat exchanger 7 is communicated with the first air inlet 2 and the second air inlet 4 at the same time; this connection structure can not only ensure that it is fed into the furnace body The temperature of the gas can be adjusted to prevent the low-temperature gas from entering the furnace body to affect the combustion efficiency, and the wind can also be used as the corresponding power source to reduce the number of additional blowers;

In addition, a drying device 9 is provided on the top of the crushing device 6 to dry the solid waste before crushing. On the one hand, it avoids the situation that the solid waste is too wet and cannot be ignited, and on the other hand, it also avoids the waste of fine solid waste after crushing. The contact between the waste and the air is reduced due to the excessive humidity of the waste; preferably, the drying device 9 is communicated with the heat exchanger 7, through such a structure, the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange can be fully utilized, and the energy during drying can be reduced. usage.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. An energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device, characterized in that: it comprises a furnace body (1), a feeding port (11) is provided on one side of the furnace body (1), and the furnace body (1) is provided with a feeding port (11). A grate (12), a circular arc slideway (13) is provided on the side of the grate (12) away from the feeding port (11); a first air inlet is provided below the feeding port (11) (2), the air duct of the first air inlet (2) is arranged opposite to the arc slide (13); when the organic waste falls into the feeding port (11), the air duct of the first air inlet (2) The wind blows the organic waste horizontally into the furnace body (1) and forms a swirling flow along the arc slideway (13) for up-and-down tumbling combustion; A sparse mesh plate (14) and a dense mesh plate (15) are arranged above the grate (12) near the feeding port (11), and the sparse mesh plate (14) is arranged on the dense mesh. Above the plate (15), the height of the sparse mesh plate (14) is lower than the height of the upper end surface of the arc slideway (13); A porous brick wall (3) is further provided between the top of the grate (12) and the top of the furnace body (1), and the porous brick wall (3) is higher than the height of the top of the arc slideway (13); The bottom of the grate (12) is provided with a second air inlet (4), and the pipeline of the second air inlet (4) is connected to the combustion-assisting tank (5); The feeding port (11) is also provided with a crushing device (6), the middle of the crushing device (6) is provided with a crushing roller (61), and the bottom of the crushing device (6) is close to the feeding port (11). ) is provided with a filter screen (62), one side of the crushing device (6) is also provided with an auger (63) for lifting, and the bottom of the auger (63) and the crushing device (6) are close to the filter screen (63). The side wall at 62) is communicated, and the top communicates with the top of the crushing roller (61); A flue gas outlet (16) is provided on the other side of the furnace body (1) away from the feeding port (11), and a heat exchanger (7) is provided at the flue gas outlet (16). A filter device (8) is provided between the front end of (7) and the flue gas outlet (16), and the filter device (8) includes a filter screen mechanism (81) and a rotating paddle (82). 2 . An energy-saving and environmentally friendly organic waste incineration device according to claim 1 , wherein the rear end of the heat exchanger ( 7 ) is communicated with the first air inlet ( 2 ). 3 . 3. An energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the rear end of the heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the second air inlet (4), and the second air inlet is connected to the second air inlet (4). A wind adjustment valve (41) is arranged at the air port (4). 4. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly organic waste incineration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the top of the crushing device (6) is provided with a drying device (9), the drying device (9) and the heat exchange device device (7) is connected.

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