CN113357642A - Energy-saving and efficient sludge drying and incineration treatment equipment and process - Google Patents
Energy-saving and efficient sludge drying and incineration treatment equipment and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113357642A CN113357642A CN202110810216.4A CN202110810216A CN113357642A CN 113357642 A CN113357642 A CN 113357642A CN 202110810216 A CN202110810216 A CN 202110810216A CN 113357642 A CN113357642 A CN 113357642A
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- sludge
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- drying
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- incinerating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
Abstract
The invention discloses energy-saving and efficient sludge drying and incinerating treatment equipment and process, which comprises a sludge storage tank, wherein one end of the sludge storage tank is connected with a sludge screw pump, one end of the sludge screw pump is connected with a drying and incinerating tower, the lower end of the drying and incinerating tower is connected with a rotary kiln, fans are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the rotary kiln, the right end of the drying and incinerating tower is connected with a cyclone dust collector, the rear end of the cyclone dust collector is connected with a dry deacidification tower, the rear end of the dry deacidification tower is connected with a bag-type dust collector, a combustion-supporting air preheater is arranged behind the bag-type dust collector, the rear end of the bag-type dust collector is connected with a heat accumulating type waste gas incinerator, the upper part of the waste gas incinerator is provided with a burner, and the rear end of the waste gas incinerator is connected with a wet deacidification tower. Compared with the common spray drying and incineration, the operation cost of the wet sludge drying incineration can be effectively reduced, and the incineration heat energy utilization rate is improved by more than 10-20%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, in particular to energy-saving and efficient sludge drying and incinerating treatment equipment and process.
Background
Sludge incineration is developed gradually in China in recent years as the most effective sludge treatment mode for sludge reduction and harmlessness. The existing treatment process of sludge incineration comprises synergistic mixed incineration and independent incineration, wherein the synergistic incineration means that the sludge and coal or household garbage are sent into an incinerator for incineration together, and the independent incineration means that the sludge is independently incinerated. Because the water content of the sludge discharged from the water treatment plant is generally about 80%, the heat value is about-200 to 150Kcal/kg, and the heat value is very low, the sludge needs to be dried firstly during combustion, so that the heat value is improved, and the smooth operation of the incineration process is ensured. At present, the independent sludge incineration process at home and abroad is mainly divided into two types, one type is indirect drying and bubbling bed incineration, and the other type is spray drying and rotary kiln incineration.
The sludge spray drying and rotary kiln incineration technology is one of the mainstream sludge independent drying incineration technologies at present, in order to prevent sludge pyrolysis, the temperature of flue gas in contact with sludge in a sludge spray drying tower cannot exceed 600 ℃, the temperature is reduced by adopting a mixed cold air mode, the treatment load of equipment is increased, and the heat utilization rate of an incineration system is reduced due to the fact that a large amount of heat is taken away by flue gas emission. If the spray drying is improper in operation and control, a small amount of sludge can be pyrolyzed at high temperature in the sludge drying process, so that VOC in the sludge overflows, the standard of the VOC in the flue gas is not ensured, an ozone oxidation device is added in front of a tail gas treatment facility at the tail end of the existing treatment process, and the equipment operation cost and the one-time investment are both large. Therefore, the invention provides energy-saving and high-efficiency sludge drying and incinerating treatment equipment and process, and aims to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide energy-saving and efficient sludge drying and incinerating treatment equipment and process, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an energy-saving and efficient sludge drying incineration treatment device comprises a sludge storage tank, wherein one end of the sludge storage tank is connected with a sludge screw pump, one end of the sludge screw pump is connected with a drying incineration tower, the lower end of the drying incineration tower is connected with a rotary kiln, the rear end of the rotary kiln is provided with a burner and a fan, the right end of the drying incineration tower is connected with a cyclone dust collector, the upper end of the cyclone dust collector is connected with a dry deacidification tower, one end of the dry deacidification tower is connected with a bag-type dust collector, a combustion-supporting air preheater is arranged behind the bag-type dust collector, one end of the bag-type dust collector is connected with a waste gas incinerator, the upper part of the waste gas incinerator is provided with a burner, and one end of the waste gas incinerator is connected with a wet deacidification tower;
an energy-saving and high-efficiency sludge drying and incinerating treatment device comprises the following specific process steps;
(1) the sludge is pumped to a drying incineration tower through a sludge screw rod, is sprayed into the tower through a nozzle at the top of the tower and is in reverse contact with high-temperature flue gas in the tower, the primary drying dehydration process of the sludge is rapidly completed, the moisture content of the dried sludge is 20-40%, the dried sludge falls to a bottom of the tower and is conveyed to a grate or a scraper, and the sludge is conveyed into a rotary kiln through the grate;
(2) controlling the temperature in the rotary kiln to be about 850 ℃ to ensure that the sludge is completely incinerated, wherein the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the drying incineration tower is 140 ℃;
(3) the discharged flue gas enters a cyclone dust collector, most sludge particles are collected and then are sent back to the drying incineration tower through an inclined chute;
(4) the flue gas discharged by the cyclone dust collector enters a dry-method deacidification tower, and is fully mixed with lime powder and activated carbon powder sprayed from the top of the tower, so that dioxin and acid gas in the flue gas are removed;
(5) the flue gas enters a combustion-supporting air preheater, the combustion-supporting air is preheated to more than 120 ℃ by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 70 ℃, the moisture in the flue gas is saturated, part of water vapor is condensed, and condensate is discharged from the bottom of the heat exchanger;
(6) the smoke is pressurized by a fan and sent into a waste gas incinerator, honeycomb heat storage ceramics are built at the bottom in a hearth, cold smoke and the burned smoke exchange heat through the heat storage ceramics, the temperature reaches 700 ℃, VOC in the waste gas in an upper hearth of the waste gas incinerator is decomposed at the high temperature of 850 ℃, a burner is arranged in the upper hearth to supplement heat energy, the decomposition rate of combustible materials reaches 99% under the condition that the residence time is more than 1s, and the VOC in the smoke is ensured to reach the standard;
(7) and under the action of a steering valve at the lower part of the waste gas incinerator, the high-temperature flue gas and the low-temperature flue gas sequentially exchange heat through the virtual heat ceramic, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is 80-90 ℃ after the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat through a heat accumulator, and the flue gas enters a wet deacidification tower to be further subjected to acid gas removal.
As a further scheme of the invention: and the front end and the rear end of the rotary kiln are respectively provided with a burner.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the waste gas incinerator is a heat accumulating type incinerator.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the rotary kiln adopts a reverse burning furnace.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the lower end of the drying incineration tower is provided with a burner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the common spray drying and incineration, the operation cost of the wet sludge drying incineration can be effectively reduced, and the incineration heat energy utilization rate is improved by more than 10-20%.
2. The invention does not need to add ozone, adopts high-temperature oxidation technology, can reliably ensure the destruction rate of VOC and CO, and can reach 2g/Nm of combustible materials3Fuel does not need to be added, and the process flow is simplified.
3. The spray tower and the secondary combustion chamber are coupled into the drying incineration tower, so that the equipment is simplified, cold air mixing is avoided, the scale of the flue gas treatment equipment is reduced, and the occupied area is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a sludge storage tank; 2. a sludge screw pump; 3. a drying incineration tower; 4. a rotary kiln; 5. a fan; 6. a burner; 7. a cyclone dust collector; 8. a dry deacidification tower; 9. a bag-type dust collector; 10. an exhaust gas incinerator; 11. a wet deacidification tower.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, an energy-saving and efficient sludge drying and incinerating apparatus includes a sludge storage tank 1, one end of the sludge storage tank 1 is connected to a sludge screw pump 2, one end of the sludge screw pump 2 is connected to a drying and incinerating tower 3, the lower end of the drying and incinerating tower 3 is connected to a rotary kiln 4, the rotary kiln 4 is a reverse combustion furnace, two burners 6 are respectively disposed at the front end and the rear end of the rotary kiln 4, a blower 5 is disposed at the rear end of the rotary kiln 4, a burner 6 is disposed at the right end of the drying and incinerating tower 3, the right end of the drying and incinerating tower 3 is connected to a cyclone dust collector 7, the upper end of the cyclone dust collector 7 is connected to a dry deacidification tower 8, one end of the dry deacidification tower 8 is connected to a bag-type dust collector 9, a combustion-supporting air preheater is disposed behind the bag-type dust collector 9, one end of the bag-type dust collector 9 is connected to a waste gas incinerator 10, the waste gas incinerator 10 is a heat accumulating type incinerator, and the burner 6 is disposed at the upper portion of the waste gas incinerator 10, one end of the waste gas incinerator 10 is connected with a wet deacidification tower 11;
an energy-saving and high-efficiency sludge drying and incinerating treatment device comprises the following specific process steps;
(1) the sludge is sent to a drying incineration tower 3 through a sludge screw pump 2, is sprayed into the tower through a nozzle at the top of the tower and is in reverse contact with high-temperature flue gas in the tower, the primary drying dehydration process of the sludge is rapidly completed, the moisture content of the dried sludge is 20-40%, the dried sludge falls to a bottom of the tower and is conveyed to a grate or a scraper, and the sludge is sent to a rotary kiln 4 through the grate;
(2) the temperature in the rotary kiln 4 is controlled to be about 850 ℃ to ensure that the sludge is completely incinerated, and the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the drying and incinerating tower 3 is 140 ℃;
(3) the discharged flue gas enters a cyclone dust collector 7, most sludge particles are collected and then are sent back to the drying incineration tower 3 through an inclined chute;
(4) the flue gas discharged by the cyclone dust collector 7 enters a dry-method deacidification tower 8, and is fully mixed with lime powder and activated carbon powder sprayed from the top of the tower to remove dioxin and acid gas in the flue gas;
(5) the flue gas enters a combustion-supporting air preheater, the combustion-supporting air is preheated to more than 120 ℃ by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 70 ℃, the moisture in the flue gas is saturated, part of water vapor is condensed, and condensate is discharged from the bottom of the heat exchanger;
(6) the flue gas is pressurized by a fan 5 and sent into a waste gas incinerator 10, honeycomb heat storage ceramics are built at the bottom in a hearth, cold flue gas and the incinerated flue gas exchange heat through the heat storage ceramics, the temperature reaches 700 ℃, VOC in the waste gas in the upper hearth of the waste gas incinerator 10 is decomposed at the high temperature of 850 ℃, and the decomposition rate reaches 99% under the condition that the retention time is more than 1s, so that the VOC in the flue gas is ensured to reach the standard;
(7) high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas sequentially exchange heat through the virtual heat ceramic under the action of a steering valve at the lower part of the waste gas incinerator 10, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is 80-90 ℃ after the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat through a heat accumulator, and the flue gas enters the wet deacidification tower 11 for further acid gas removal.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An energy-saving and high-efficiency sludge drying and incinerating treatment device comprises a sludge storage tank (1), the drying and incinerating device is characterized in that a sludge screw pump (2) is connected to one end of a sludge storage tank (1), a drying and incinerating tower (3) is connected to one end of the sludge screw pump (2), a rotary kiln (4) is connected to the lower end of the drying and incinerating tower (3), a fan (5) is arranged at the rear end of the rotary kiln (4), a cyclone dust collector (7) is connected to the right end of the drying and incinerating tower (3), a dry deacidification tower (8) is connected to the upper end of the cyclone dust collector (7), a bag-type dust collector (9) is connected to one end of the dry deacidification tower (8), a combustion-supporting air preheater is arranged behind the bag-type dust collector (9), a heat accumulating type waste gas incinerator (10) is connected to one end of the bag-type dust collector (9), a combustor (6) is arranged on the upper portion of the waste gas incinerator (10), and a wet deacidification tower (11) is connected to one end of the waste gas incinerator (10).
2. The energy-saving and efficient sludge drying and incinerating treatment equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end and the rear end of the rotary kiln (4) are respectively provided with a burner (6).
3. The energy-saving and high-efficiency sludge drying and incinerating treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the waste gas incinerator (10) is a regenerative incinerator.
4. The energy-saving and efficient sludge drying and incinerating treatment equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotary kiln (4) adopts a reverse-burning furnace.
5. The energy-saving and high-efficiency sludge drying and incinerating treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein a burner (6) is arranged at the lower part of the drying and incinerating tower (3).
6. The energy-saving and efficient sludge drying and incinerating treatment equipment according to claims 1 to 5, is characterized by comprising the following specific process steps;
(1) the sludge is sent to a drying incineration tower (3) through a sludge screw pump (2), is sprayed into the tower through a nozzle at the top of the tower and is in reverse contact with high-temperature flue gas in the tower, the primary drying dehydration process of the sludge is rapidly completed, the water content of the dried sludge is 20-40%, the dried sludge falls to a bottom conveying grate or a scraper and is sent to a rotary kiln (4) through a grate;
(2) the temperature in the rotary kiln (4) is controlled to be about 850 ℃ to ensure that the sludge is completely incinerated, and the temperature of the exhaust gas of the drying incineration tower (3) is 140 ℃;
(3) the discharged flue gas enters a cyclone dust collector (7), most sludge particles are collected and then are sent back to the drying incineration tower (3) through an inclined chute;
(4) the flue gas discharged by the cyclone dust collector (7) enters a dry-method deacidification tower (8) and is fully mixed with lime powder and activated carbon powder sprayed from the top of the tower, and dioxin and acid gas in the flue gas are removed;
(5) the flue gas enters a combustion-supporting air preheater, the combustion-supporting air is preheated to more than 120 ℃ by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 70 ℃, the moisture in the flue gas is saturated, part of water vapor is condensed, and condensate is discharged from the bottom of the heat exchanger;
(6) the smoke is pressurized and sent into a waste gas incinerator (10) through a fan (5), honeycomb heat storage ceramics are built at the bottom in a hearth, cold smoke and the burned smoke exchange heat through the heat storage ceramics, the temperature can reach 700 ℃, VOC in the smoke in the upper hearth of the waste gas incinerator (10) is decomposed at the high temperature of 850 ℃, and the decomposition rate reaches 99% under the condition that the retention time is longer than 1s, so that the VOC in the smoke is ensured to reach the standard;
(7) high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas in the waste gas incinerator sequentially exchange heat through the heat storage ceramic under the action of the heat storage ceramic at the lower part of the waste gas incinerator (10) and a steering valve, the temperature of the flue gas is 80-90 ℃ after the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat through the heat storage body, and the flue gas enters a wet deacidification tower (11) to be further subjected to acid gas removal.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113757683A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏迈奥环保科技有限公司 | Rotary kiln incineration equipment and process |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113757683A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏迈奥环保科技有限公司 | Rotary kiln incineration equipment and process |
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