CN100580320C - High-temperature combustion-supporting device and special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel - Google Patents
High-temperature combustion-supporting device and special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN100580320C CN100580320C CN200810049852A CN200810049852A CN100580320C CN 100580320 C CN100580320 C CN 100580320C CN 200810049852 A CN200810049852 A CN 200810049852A CN 200810049852 A CN200810049852 A CN 200810049852A CN 100580320 C CN100580320 C CN 100580320C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature combustion-supporting device and a backfire biomass fuel dedicated combustion device. The high-temperature combustion-supporting device comprises a ring-shaped body. The inner surface of the ring-shaped body is inverted-cone-shaped or inverted-regular-pyramid-shaped, the outer circumferential surface thereof matches the inner shell shape of the combustion device. The ring-shaped body has integrated structure or combined structure. The dedicated combustion device comprises an inner shell, a water jacket and an outer shell. An upper grate and a lower grate are arranged inside the inner shell. A feed port and a high-temperature fume outlet penetrate the inner shell, the water jacket and the outer shell. An ash outlet is formed at the lower part of the inner shell. The high-temperature combustion-supporting device is arranged on the inner shell wall below the upper grate. A dedusting shroud is arranged on the inner shell relative to the high-temperature fume outlet. A dedusting mesh is arranged at the lower port of the dedusting shroud. A secondary air inlet penetrates the inner shell, the water jacket and the outer shell. The high-temperature combustion-supporting device and the backfire biomass fuel dedicated combustion device have the advantages of reasonable design, complete combustion, suitability for various fuels and good social and economic benefits.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of burner, particularly relate to a kind of high-temperature combustion-supporting device and special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel.
Two, background technology:
Biomass fuel is the fuel that agricultural crop straw, wood chip, sawdust, peanut shell, corncob, rice husk, branch, leaf, hay are directly utilized by compression forming.No any additives and binding agent.It is a kind of reproducible clean energy resource.Requirement according to the People's Republic of China's " regenerative resource method ", National Development and Reform Committee in August, 2006 tissue worked out " regenerative resource medium-term and long-term development plan ", developing goal and task to the year two thousand twenty regenerative resource in 2010 proposed, wherein, biomass solid formed fuel reaches 1,000,000 tons and 5,000 ten thousand tons respectively, and has established the status of biomass solid formed fuel as modern clean energy resource.
At present, China city has a large amount of small-sized hand coal-fired boilers, wherein mostly be distributed in the city and surrounding city, because what burn all is the high colm of sulfur content, because of miniature boiler does not have desulfurizer, add factors such as stoker's level is low, over-emitting black exhaust, sulphur pollution etc. have directly influenced the air quality of city and periphery, for this reason, the cry that the cancellation little molded coal boiler in city and coal change gas, electricity is very high, and many cities have taked action, but because source of the gas anxiety, electricity price costliness, and inaccessible city of city thermal or place produce little effect.Biomass fuel with cleaning substitutes coal, and using in the miniature boiler of city just becomes first-selection.But the structure of present most of miniature boilers all is not suitable for using biomass fuel (still having phenomenons such as over-emitting black exhaust, dust pollution).
Three, summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of reasonable in design, sufficient combustion, the high-temperature combustion-supporting device that is applicable to pluralities of fuel and special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel are provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of high-temperature combustion-supporting device, contain ring body, described ring body surface of internal cavity is for cutting turbination or cutting the shape of falling the orthopyramid, the inner surface configuration of its external surface shape and back-firing type biomass fuel combustion device inner casing is complementary, and described ring body is by refractory material casting moulding or sinter molding.
Described ring body is an integral structure, and the outer ring surface of described ring body is provided with the loss of weight annular groove; Perhaps, described ring body is a fabricated structure, form by a plurality of combustion monomers of radially cutting apart of defending, and, each outer ring surface middle part of defending the combustion monomer is provided with the loss of weight groove, and all are defended the combustion monomer and are enclosed in together, form ring body, the adjacent loss of weight groove of defending on the combustion monomer is corresponding, forms the loss of weight annular groove.
The described quantity of defending the combustion monomer has two at least; The cross sectional shape of described loss of weight annular groove is oblique L type; The drift angle of described ring body surface of internal cavity is 25～75 °.
A kind of special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel that contains described high-temperature combustion-supporting device, also contain inner casing, water leg and shell, the chamber top that described inner casing surrounds is burner hearth, the bottom is a cinder chamber, be provided with upper fire-grating and lower fire grating in the burner hearth, run through the inner casing body wall, water leg and outer shell walls are respectively arranged with charge door and high-temperature flue gas outlet, described high-temperature combustion-supporting device is arranged on the inner casing inwall of described upper fire-grating below, and, export with described high-temperature flue gas and to be provided with the dedusting cover plate in the corresponding burner hearth, the lower port of described dedusting cover plate is provided with basket strainer, run through the inner casing body wall, water leg and outer shell walls are provided with the secondary air mouth, and described secondary air mouth is positioned at described lower fire grating top; The inner casing of described lower fire grating below is provided with air inlet three times; Be provided with the suspension fire grate in the burner hearth between described high-temperature combustion-supporting device and the lower fire grating.
Described dedusting cover plate contains riser and hang plate, the both sides end face of described riser and the inwall of described inner casing are connected, the lower surface of its upper surface and hang plate is connected, other end faces of described hang plate and the inwall of described inner casing are connected, described riser, hang plate and described inner casing inwall surround the cavity of a lower ending opening, this cavity cover described high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the lower end of this cavity is provided with described basket strainer; Described riser is dull and stereotyped, and described hang plate is flat board or arc, and the length of this riser is less than the diameter or the length of described inner casing; Perhaps, described riser is an arc, and described hang plate is arc or flat board, and the place, summit of this riser is no more than the center of curvature of described inner casing.
Described upper fire-grating is a water-cooled tubulose fire grate, and its upper surface is provided with anti-slagging scorification and defends the combustion piece, is provided with removable additional fire grate between the adjacent water cooling tube of described upper fire-grating, and this additional fire grate is a strip.
Described suspension fire grate contains expanded metal lath, and, described expanded metal lath upper end is provided with the suspension fixed mechanism, this hitch and interior movable connection of hanger that is provided with of burner hearth, described expanded metal lath lower end is provided with movable fixed mechanism or supporting leg, this movable fixed mechanism and interior movable connection of another hanger that is provided with of burner hearth, perhaps, this supporting leg contacts with the sidewall or the lower fire grating of burner hearth; Described suspension fire grate is obliquely installed, and the angle of itself and vertical plane is 25～75 °, and the quantity of described expanded metal lath is at least one, and described suspension fixed mechanism and movable fixed mechanism are hook; Described supporting leg is linear pattern or L type.
The peripheric surface of described inner casing and end face are provided with water leg and shell, and charge door is arranged on the top or end face of peripheric surface; Perhaps, the peripheric surface of described inner casing is provided with water leg and shell, and charge door is arranged on the end face.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention has solved the combustion problem of biomass fuel in boiler up hill and dale.The characteristics that it is big according to the biomass fuel volatile matter, integrated application multiple clean combustion technology such as backfire, coal gas method, suspension combustion, make biomass fuel combustion complete, solved the essential problem of over-emitting black exhaust.
2, the clean combustion theory of boiler oil thinks that clean combustion must satisfy three conditions: the one, and the temperature of having relatively high expectations (being not less than 380 ℃); The 2nd, the time that fuel gas stops in the high-temperature region will be grown; The 3rd, sufficient oxygen.The present invention is provided with high-temperature combustion-supporting device and hangs fire grate, and be provided with air inlet three times, can form the high-temperature region rapidly in the burner hearth, stably keep anti-burning, coal gasification combustion and suspension combustion state, flue gas time of staying in high-temperature burner hearth is long, through air distribution repeatedly, and sufficient combustion, fuel availability height, not over-emitting black exhaust.
3, the present invention is provided with the dedusting cover plate, and dedusting cover plate lower port is provided with basket strainer, and it is low so just to reduce supporting with it boiler soot emission original concentration greatly, can also help environmental protection when reducing investment without chimney.
4, the present invention simple, convenient, need not numerous and diverse operation sequence, fuel combustion is continuous in addition, operating mode is stable, the influence of not added fuel or disclosing fire, thermal efficiency height.
5, upper fire-grating employing water-cooled tubulose fire grate of the present invention, and upper fire-grating upper surface is provided with anti-slagging scorification and defends the combustion piece, makes burning more stable like this, clears up more convenient.
6, the present invention hangs fire grate and is connected with inner casing is movable, and dismounting easily is obliquely installed in addition, is convenient to ash, prolongs staying the stove time, changing the trend of flue gas, to increase combustion efficiency and dedusting of fuel and flue gas.
7, high-temperature combustion-supporting device of the present invention adopts fabricated structure, makes easily and dismounting, and in addition, high-temperature combustion-supporting device adopts movable the connection with inner casing, can dismantle, and the outer ring surface of high-temperature combustion-supporting device middle part is provided with the loss of weight annular groove, and economical with materials is convenient to carrying.
8, be provided with removable additional fire grate between the adjacent upper fire-grating of the present invention, should additional fire grate be strip, thereby fuel tolerance is wide, the incendivity biomass molding fuel, also incendivity bulk cargo such as rice husk, peanut shell, wood chip etc., the burning wide material sources, with low cost, use the integrated cost of bulk cargo also lower than fire coal.In addition, the present invention can be widely used in the transformation of old coal-burning boiler and clap cover production with the joining of biomass boiler of coming of new, has fabulous market prospects.
Four, description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is one of structural representation of special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel;
Fig. 2 be special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel structural representation two;
Fig. 3 is one of structural representation of suspension fire grate shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of suspension fire grate shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 be suspension fire grate shown in Figure 1 structural representation two;
Fig. 6 be suspension fire grate shown in Figure 1 structural representation three;
Fig. 7 is one of structural representation of high-temperature combustion-supporting device shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of high-temperature combustion-supporting device shown in Figure 7;
Fig. 9 be high-temperature combustion-supporting device shown in Figure 1 structural representation two;
Figure 10 is the vertical view of high-temperature combustion-supporting device shown in Figure 9;
Figure 11 defends the structural representation of combustion piece for upper fire-grating and anti-slagging scorification;
Figure 12 is that the right pseudosection of combustion piece is defended in upper fire-grating shown in Figure 11 and anti-slagging scorification;
Figure 13 defends the different cross section shape of combustion piece for anti-slagging scorification;
Figure 14 is one of vertical view of dedusting cover plate shown in Figure 1;
Figure 15 be dedusting cover plate shown in Figure 1 vertical view two.
Five, the specific embodiment:
Embodiment one: referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 6-Fig. 8, Figure 11-Figure 15, among the figure, the peripheric surface of the inner casing 9 of special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel and end face are provided with water leg 8 and shell 7, the chamber top that inner casing 9 surrounds is burner hearth, the bottom is a cinder chamber, be provided with upper fire-grating 6 and lower fire grating 1 in the burner hearth, the body wall that runs through body wall, water leg 8 and the shell 7 of inner casing 9 is respectively arranged with charge door 11 and high-temperature flue gas outlet 4, and charge door 11 is arranged on the top of inner casing 9 peripheric surfaces; The cinder chamber bottom is provided with ash discharge cinder notch 15, be respectively arranged with high-temperature combustion-supporting device 5 in the burner hearth between upper fire-grating 6 and the lower fire grating 1 and hang fire grate 12, export in the 4 corresponding inner casings 9 with high-temperature flue gas and to be provided with dedusting cover plate 3, the lower port of dedusting cover plate 3 is provided with basket strainer 2, the body wall that runs through body wall, water leg 8 and the shell 7 of inner casing 9 is provided with secondary air mouth 13, and secondary air mouth 13 is hanging between fire grate 12 and the lower fire grating 1.Water leg 8 is provided with water inlet and delivery port, and this is a prior art, and concrete structure does not describe in detail.
The inner casing 9 of lower fire grating 1 below is provided with air inlet 14 three times.Be provided with removable additional fire grate 10 between the adjacent upper fire-grating 6, this additional fire grate 10 is a strip, is movable the connection with inner casing 9 inwalls.Upper fire-grating 6 is a water-cooled tubulose fire grate, combustion 31 movable connections of piece are defended by reference column 32 and anti-slagging scorification in its upper surface, anti-slagging scorification is defended combustion piece 31 and is fabricated structure, the cross sectional shape that combustion piece 31 is defended in anti-slagging scorification is a triangle, or be the triangle of circular arc for drift angle, or be trapezoidal, or be rectangle, determine as required.
The ring body surface of internal cavity of high-temperature combustion-supporting device 5 (also can be the shape of falling the orthopyramid for cutting turbination as required, positive rectangular pyramid, positive hexagonal pyramid all can), its outer ring surface is cylindrical, this ring body is a fabricated structure, forms by a plurality of combustion monomers of radially cutting apart 25 of defending, and, each outer ring surface middle part of defending the combustion monomer is provided with the loss of weight groove, all are defended the combustion monomer and are enclosed in together, and the adjacent loss of weight groove of defending on the combustion monomer is corresponding, forms loss of weight annular groove 28.The quantity of defending the combustion monomer has two (among the figure are 10, can also be as required 6,8,12 or the like) at least; The cross sectional shape of loss of weight annular groove 28 is oblique L type; The drift angle of ring body surface of internal cavity is 25～75 °, and the occurrence of drift angle determines according to designing requirement, can be 30 °, 40 °, 45 °, 50 °, 55 °, 60 °, 65 °, 70 ° or the like, and ring body is by refractory material casting moulding or sinter molding.Among Fig. 7, the inwall of 26 expression inner casings 9,27 expression back-up blocks.
Operation principle: biomass fuel is layered on the upper fire-grating 6 equably from charge door 11, after lighting a fire, open air-introduced machine, volatile matter in the fuel is separated out, flame burns downwards, at high-temperature combustion-supporting device 5, hang the rapid high-temperature region that forms, zone that fire grate 12 is constituted, for catching fire, continous-stable created condition, less than upper fire-grating 6 gaps and the volatile matter hot fuel and the unburnt particulate of after-flame, under the effect of air-introduced machine and gravity, drop downwards while burning, drop on and do slightly on the very high suspension fire grate 12 of temperature to stop continuation whereabouts, back, fall at last on the lower fire grating 1, imperfect combustion fuel particle burns away, the soot particle of after-flame falls into cinder chamber from lower fire grating 1, when dust stratification arrives certain altitude, opens out composite plate and discharges in the lump.In the process that fuel falls, secondary air distribution outlet 13 replenishes certain oxygen, and for suspension combustion, the burning on the lower fire grating 1 of the oxygen that three air distribution outlets 14 provide is combustion-supporting, and the flue gas after the completing combustion leads to convection heating surface by high-temperature flue gas outlet 3.The bulky grain flue dust by dedusting cover plate 3 upwards the time since inertia get rid of into ash bucket, slightly little dust stops by basket strainer 2 and major part falls into ash bucket, only the ultrafine particulate of part enters convection heating surface, has greatly reduced the dust stratification of convection heating surface, has improved heat-transfer effect.Use when loosing the type bio-fuel, additional fire grate 10 can be installed, when using the moulding bio-fuel, the additional fire grate 10 of can dismantling.
Embodiment two: referring to Fig. 2, numbering is identical with embodiment one among the figure, and the meaning of representative is identical, and something in common does not repeat, and difference is: the peripheric surface of inner casing 9 is provided with water leg 8 and shell 9, and charge door 11 is arranged on the end face, and open type is reinforced.
Embodiment three: referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, numbering is identical with embodiment one among the figure, and the meaning of representative is identical, and something in common does not repeat, difference is: expanded metal lath 23 lower ends that hang fire grate 12 are provided with linear pattern supporting leg 24, and this supporting leg 24 contacts with the sidewall of inner casing 9.
Embodiment four: referring to Fig. 5, numbering is identical with embodiment two among the figure, and the meaning of representative is identical, and something in common does not repeat, and difference is: expanded metal lath 23 lower ends that hang fire grate 12 are provided with L type supporting leg 24, and this supporting leg 24 contacts with lower fire grating 1.
Embodiment five: referring to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, numbering is identical with embodiment one among the figure, and the meaning of representative is identical, something in common does not repeat, difference is: the ring body of high-temperature combustion-supporting device 5 is an integral structure, and the outer ring surface of ring body is provided with loss of weight annular groove 28.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of high-temperature combustion-supporting device contains ring body, it is characterized in that: described ring body surface of internal cavity is for cutting turbination or cutting the shape of falling the orthopyramid, and the inner surface configuration of its external surface shape and back-firing type biomass fuel combustion device inner casing is complementary; Described ring body is by refractory material casting moulding or sinter molding.
2, high-temperature combustion-supporting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ring body is an integral structure, and the outer ring surface of described ring body is provided with the loss of weight annular groove; Perhaps, described ring body is a fabricated structure, form by a plurality of combustion monomers of radially cutting apart of defending, and, each outer ring surface middle part of defending the combustion monomer is provided with the loss of weight groove, and all are defended the combustion monomer and are enclosed in together, form ring body, the adjacent loss of weight groove of defending on the combustion monomer is corresponding, forms the loss of weight annular groove.
3, high-temperature combustion-supporting device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the described quantity of defending the combustion monomer has two at least; The cross sectional shape of described loss of weight annular groove is oblique L type; The drift angle of described ring body surface of internal cavity is 25～75 °.
4, a kind of special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel that contains the described high-temperature combustion-supporting device of claim 1, also contain inner casing, water leg and shell, the chamber top that described inner casing surrounds is burner hearth, the bottom is a cinder chamber, be provided with upper fire-grating and lower fire grating in the burner hearth, run through the inner casing body wall, water leg and outer shell walls are respectively arranged with charge door and high-temperature flue gas outlet, it is characterized in that: described high-temperature combustion-supporting device is arranged on the inner casing inwall of described upper fire-grating below, and, export with described high-temperature flue gas and to be provided with the dedusting cover plate in the corresponding burner hearth, the lower port of described dedusting cover plate is provided with basket strainer, run through the inner casing body wall, water leg and outer shell walls are provided with the secondary air mouth, and described secondary air mouth is positioned at described lower fire grating top; The inner casing of described lower fire grating below is provided with air inlet three times; Be provided with the suspension fire grate in the burner hearth between described high-temperature combustion-supporting device and the lower fire grating.
5, special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described dedusting cover plate contains riser and hang plate, the both sides end face of described riser and the inwall of described inner casing are connected, the lower surface of its upper surface and hang plate is connected, other end faces of described hang plate and the inwall of described inner casing are connected, described riser, hang plate and described inner casing inwall surround the cavity of a lower ending opening, this cavity cover described high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the lower end of this cavity is provided with described basket strainer; Described riser is dull and stereotyped, and described hang plate is flat board or arc, and the length of this riser is less than the diameter or the length of described inner casing; Perhaps, described riser is an arc, and described hang plate is arc or flat board, and the place, summit of this riser is no more than the center of curvature of described inner casing.
6, special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described upper fire-grating is a water-cooled tubulose fire grate, its upper surface is provided with anti-slagging scorification and defends the combustion piece, be provided with removable additional fire grate between the adjacent water cooling tube of described upper fire-grating, this additional fire grate is a strip.
7, special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described suspension fire grate contains expanded metal lath, and, described expanded metal lath upper end is provided with the suspension fixed mechanism, this hitch and interior movable connection of hanger that is provided with of burner hearth, described expanded metal lath lower end is provided with movable fixed mechanism or supporting leg, the movable connection of another hanger that is provided with in this movable fixed mechanism and the burner hearth, perhaps, this supporting leg contacts with the sidewall or the lower fire grating of burner hearth; Described suspension fire grate is obliquely installed, and the angle of itself and vertical plane is 25～75 °, and the quantity of described expanded metal lath is at least one, and described suspension fixed mechanism and movable fixed mechanism are hook; Described supporting leg is linear pattern or L type.
8, special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the peripheric surface of described inner casing and end face are provided with water leg and shell, and charge door is arranged on the top or end face of peripheric surface; Perhaps, the peripheric surface of described inner casing is provided with water leg and shell, and charge door is arranged on the end face.
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| CN200810049852A CN100580320C (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2008-05-23 | High-temperature combustion-supporting device and special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel |
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| CN200810049852A CN100580320C (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2008-05-23 | High-temperature combustion-supporting device and special combustion device for inverse combustion type biomass fuel |
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| CN101315195A CN101315195A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| CN100580320C true CN100580320C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102878564B (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-05-06 | 闫桂林 | Counter-burning wet combustion furnace |
| CN104121570A (en) * | 2014-06-28 | 2014-10-29 | 李而宏 | Combined energy-saving environment-friendly biomass fuel boiler |
| CN105570933A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-05-11 | 辽宁信德节能技术有限公司 | Biomass combustion method and device thereof |
| CN113757680B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2022-06-28 | 合肥工业大学 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly organic waste incineration device |
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