CN209147149U - Counter-combustion coal stove and its secondary air-distributing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of secondary air-distributing devices for counter-combustion coal stove, including being separately positioned on cooking quirk two sides and the first wind path and the second wind path that are laterally extended, the two is connected to by intermediate wind path, and first wind path and second wind path all have the multiple air holes for leading to the cooking quirk；Second wind path is also connected to vertically arranged third wind path, and the bottom of the third wind path is in communication with the outside by overfiren air port.In this way, being mixed from the Secondary Air flowed out in the air holes with the flue gas in the cooking quirk, flue gas, jet-black burn-up efficiency is improved, and reduce the discharge of the pollutants such as jet-black, CO, also improve stove efficiency of combustion.The utility model discloses a kind of counter-combustion coal stoves including above-mentioned secondary air-distributing device.

Description

Anti-combustion coal-fired furnace and its secondary air distribution device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of civil coal-fired stoves, in particular to a secondary air distribution device. The utility model also relates to a reverse combustion coal-fired furnace comprising the above secondary air distribution device.

Background technique

In my country's rural and suburban areas, at least 200 million people use relatively scattered coal-fired heating methods, which are not only inefficient and polluting, but also affect the environment several times as much as their fuel consumption.

The main reason is that the combustion process of domestic coal-fired furnaces is periodic, and it is easy to lack air in the early stage of combustion. The gas generated by coal pyrolysis and gasification cannot be fully burned, and a large number of toxic and combustible components are discharged with the flue gas, causing environmental pollution and energy loss. ; In the later stage of combustion, the coal seam is thinned, and the excess air will reduce the furnace temperature and heat transfer efficiency, and increase the heat loss of exhaust gas. Some furnace types only improve the combustion efficiency of coal by means of high temperature oxygen enrichment, but will increase the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx). In addition, increasing the combustion temperature will also increase the reverse reaction of desulfurization and reduce the desulfurization efficiency in the furnace. Therefore, it is a long-standing technical difficulty in combustion technology to remove the coupling emission of soot, CO, NOx and SO2.

At present, civil coal-fired stoves mostly use two principles of forward combustion and reverse combustion.

Most domestic coal-fired furnaces use the common normal burning principle. Air enters from the bottom of the furnace and passes through the entire furnace. The combustion process is periodic. At the beginning of the combustion, it is easy to lack air. The components are discharged with the flue gas, causing environmental pollution and energy loss; the coal seam is thinned in the later stage of combustion, and the excess air will reduce the furnace temperature and heat transfer efficiency, and increase the heat loss of exhaust gas. Some furnace types only improve the combustion efficiency of coal by means of high temperature oxygen enrichment, but it will increase the emission of nitrogen oxides.

The principle of back-burning refers to taking out part or all of the high-temperature flue gas and sending it to the low-temperature area of the furnace to heat the unburned coal, so that the coal is easy to burn and the burning is more thorough. The advantage is that the fuel utilization rate is relatively high, and the carbon content of the ash is relatively low. However, the furnace with the principle of back-burning needs to adopt a multi-return structure, and the furnace is large in size and high in cost, which is not conducive to promotion and use.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a secondary air distribution device for a reverse combustion coal-fired furnace, which can improve the combustion efficiency and reduce the emission of pollutants. Another object of the present utility model is to provide an anti-combustion coal-fired furnace.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides a secondary air distribution device for an anti-combustion coal-fired stove, which includes a first air passage and a second air passage that are respectively arranged on both sides of the cooking fire passage and both extend laterally. The first air passage and the second air passage both have a plurality of air holes leading to the cooking fire passage through the intermediate air passage; the second air passage is also connected with the vertically arranged third air passage The bottom of the third air passage is communicated with the outside world through the secondary air outlet.

Preferably, the included angle between the air outlet direction of the air hole and the flow direction of the flue gas in the cooking fire channel is an obtuse angle.

Preferably, both the first air passage and the second air passage have obliquely downward wall surfaces, and the air holes are opened on the wall surfaces.

Preferably, a plurality of the air holes are evenly arranged.

Preferably, both the first air passage and the second air passage protrude from the side wall of the cooking fire passage, and the area of the mouth formed between them is not less than the cross-sectional area of the chimney of the stove.

Preferably, both the first air passage and the second air passage are located between the cooking fire port of the stove and the highest position of coal burning in the cooking fire passage.

Preferably, the bottom of the third air passage is provided with a secondary air outlet baffle for blocking or opening the secondary air outlet.

The utility model also provides an anti-combustion coal-fired furnace, which includes the secondary air distribution device described in any one of the above.

The secondary air distribution device provided by the utility model includes a first air passage and a second air passage respectively arranged on both sides of the cooking fire passage and extending laterally, and the two are communicated through an intermediate air passage, and the first air passage is The second air passage and the second air passage both have a plurality of air holes leading to the cooking fire passage; the second air passage is also communicated with a vertically arranged third air passage, and the bottom of the third air passage passes through two air passages. The secondary air outlet communicates with the outside world. In this way, the secondary air flowing out of the air hole is mixed with the flue gas in the cooking fire duct, which improves the burn-out efficiency of the flue gas and soot, and reduces the emission of pollutants such as soot and CO. Improve the combustion efficiency of the stove.

In a further improved solution, the included angle between the air outlet direction of the air hole and the flow direction of the flue gas in the cooking fire channel is an obtuse angle, which makes the secondary air flowing out of the air hole and the gas in the cooking fire channel at an obtuse angle. The flue gas forms more sufficient turbulent flow, and the mixing effect is better.

The anti-combustion coal-fired furnace provided by the utility model has corresponding advantages, which will not be repeated.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description It is only an embodiment of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the anti-combustion coal-fired furnace provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the secondary air passage of the anti-combustion coal-fired furnace provided by the utility model;

3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the air holes of the reverse combustion coal-fired furnace provided by the present invention.

The reference numerals in Figures 1 to 3 are as follows:

1- coal inlet; 2- coal storage bunker; 3- grate; 4- cooking fire; 5- flue; 6- smoke box; 7- chimney; 8- ash hopper; 9- refractory material; 10- middle Airway; 102-air hole; 11-induction airway; 13-first airway; 14-second airway; 15-third airway; 16-second air outlet; 20-return outlet; 21-first airway A water tank; 22 - the second water tank; 23 - the third water tank; 24 - the water pipe; 25 - the water outlet.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reverse combustion coal-fired furnace provided by the utility model; Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the secondary air passage of the reverse combustion coal-fired furnace provided by the utility model; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the air holes of the anti-combustion coal-fired furnace provided by the utility model.

In the first specific embodiment, the anti-combustion coal-fired furnace provided by the present utility model has a furnace body composed of an inner liner and an outer liner, both of which can be made of steel plates; the two are sealed and connected to form a Circulating water jacket.

The coal storage bunker 2 of the anti-combustion coal-fired furnace can be formed between the first water tank 21 and the front wall of the stove. The front wall of the furnace body is provided with a coal feeding port 1, a cooking fire channel 4 and a coal storage bunker 2. A grate 3 can be arranged below, and an ash hopper 8 can be arranged at the bottom of the grate 3 . Refractory materials 9 may also be arranged around the bottom of the cooking fire channel 4 and the coal storage bunker 2 .

A first water tank 21 and a second water tank 22 can be provided on both sides of the cooking fire 4, so that the water in the first water tank 21 and the second water tank 22 will also be heated during the process of heating the cooker, which improves the fuel utilization efficiency.

The cooking fire 4 is also connected to the flue 5, and the two sides of the flue 5 are the second water tank 22 and the third water tank 23 respectively; in this way, the high-temperature flue gas does not directly enter the chimney 7 after heating the cooker, but obtains further By utilizing, thermal efficiency has been further improved.

The smoke box 6 is located on the other side of the third water tank 23 and communicated with the flue 5, so the flue gas discharged from the flue 5 will enter the smoke box 6 and heat the water pipe 24 therein, so that the thermal efficiency is further improved.

The first water tank 21, the second water tank 22, the third water tank 23 and the water pipe 24 are all communicated with the water jacket, thereby forming a circulation. The furnace body also has a water return port 20 and a water outlet 25 .

The high-temperature flue gas of the above-mentioned reverse combustion coal-fired furnace can reheat the relevant water tank and water pipes for multiple times while and after the main heat exchange surface heats the cooker, thereby realizing the multiple utilization of the high-temperature flue gas and significantly improving the thermal efficiency.

In another embodiment, the structure inside the coal storage bunker 2 can be further improved.

The coal storage bunker 2 can be provided with an air-inducing air passage 11 and an air guiding air passage, wherein the air inlet of the air-inducing air passage 11 communicates with the fresh air source, and the air outlet is located on the top of the coal storage bunker 2 .

The air inlet of the air guide air passage is also located at the top of the coal storage bunker 2 , and the air outlet is located at the bottom of the coal storage bunker 2 . The air guiding air passage 11 and the air guiding air passage can be located on both sides of the coal storage bunker 2 respectively, and both extend substantially vertically.

The fresh air from the fresh air source reaches the top of the coal storage bunker 2 from the air inlet of the air duct 11, and after mixing with the flue gas, it reaches the bottom of the coal bunker 2 through the air guide air duct, so that the fuel in the burning part can be more fully obtained. combustion. In this way, the flue gas in the coal storage bunker 2 can be continuously introduced into the combustion part, which reduces the accumulated flue gas in the coal storage bunker 2 and further reduces the generation of tar in the coal storage bunker 2 .

In the process of coal feeding, the coal feeding port 1 is opened so that the coal storage bunker 2 is communicated with the outside world, and the flue gas in it can enter the combustion part through the air guide air passage more smoothly, which can also prevent the flue gas from escaping.

As mentioned above, the air inlet of the induced air passage 11 is connected to the fresh air source, which may be directly connected to the outside world, or may be connected to the secondary air passage.

In another specific embodiment, the secondary air circuit of the anti-combustion coal-fired furnace provided by the present invention includes a first air passage 13 and a second air passage 14, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the cooking fire passage 4, and both extend substantially laterally.

The first air passage 13 and the second air passage 14 are connected through the intermediate air passage 10 , and FIG. 2 is a top view. The second air passage 14 is also communicated with a third air passage 15 arranged substantially vertically, and the bottom of the third air passage 15 is arranged to communicate with the outside world through the secondary air outlet 16 . The bottom of the third air passage 15 may also be provided with a secondary air outlet baffle for blocking or opening the secondary air outlet 16; of course, it is also possible to not provide a baffle.

Both the first air passage 13 and the second air passage 14 have a plurality of air holes 102 , and the air holes 102 lead to the cooking fire 4 .

The air outlet direction of the air hole 102 is obviously not parallel to the flow direction of the flue gas in the cooking fire duct 4, so it will form a turbulent flow with the flue gas in the cooking fire duct 4, the flue gas and the secondary air will be mixed, and the smoke is improved. The gas utilization efficiency is reduced, the emission of pollutants such as soot and CO is reduced, and the furnace burning efficiency is improved.

When the air outlet direction of the air hole 102 forms an obtuse angle with the flow direction of the flue gas in the cooking fire 4, the mixing effect of the flue gas and the secondary air is better.

In order to further improve the effect of mixing the flue gas with the secondary air, the first air passage 13 and the second air passage 14 can also be set to protrude from the side wall of the cooking fire passage 4, and the area of the mouth formed between them is Not less than the cross-sectional area of the chimney 7 of the stove.

Both the first air passage 13 and the second air passage 14 may have obliquely downward wall surfaces, so that the air holes 102 may be opened on the wall surfaces. The plurality of air holes 102 can be evenly arranged.

The first air duct 13, the second air duct 14 and the third air duct 15 can be realized by bending ordinary steel plates, and the scraps produced during the processing of the main material of the product can be used, and the cost is lower.

The first air passage 13 and the second air passage 14 can be set in the area between the cooking crater of the stove and the highest position of the coal burning in the cooking fire 4. In this way, the air hole 102 is located above the highest position of the coal burning, which can reduce the amount of coal burning. The distance between the small burning position and the cooking utensils, thus increasing the cooking intensity.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

The principles and implementations of the present invention are described herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made to the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection of the claims of the present utility model. within the range.

Claims (8)

1. A secondary air distribution device for an anti-combustion coal-fired stove, characterized in that it comprises a first air passage (13) and a second air passage ( 14), the two are communicated through an intermediate air passage (10), and both the first air passage (13) and the second air passage (14) have a plurality of air holes leading to the cooking fire passage (4). (102); the second air passage (14) is also communicated with a vertically arranged third air passage (15), and the bottom of the third air passage (15) is communicated with the outside through the secondary air outlet (16). 2. The secondary air distribution device for a reverse combustion coal-fired furnace according to claim 1, wherein the air outlet direction of the air hole (102) is the same as the flow direction of the flue gas in the cooking fire channel (4). The included angle is an obtuse angle. 3. The secondary air distribution device of a reverse combustion coal-fired furnace according to claim 2, wherein the first air passage (13) and the second air passage (14) both have an oblique downward direction. A wall surface, the air hole (102) is opened on the wall surface. 4. The secondary air distribution device for a reverse combustion coal-fired furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of the air holes (102) are evenly arranged. 5. The secondary air distribution device for a reverse combustion coal-fired furnace according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first air passage (13) and the second air passage (14) are both It protrudes from the side wall of the cooking fire channel (4), and the area of the mouth formed between the two is not less than the cross-sectional area of the chimney (7) of the stove. 6. The secondary air distribution device for a reverse combustion coal-fired stove according to claim 5, wherein the first air passage (13) and the second air passage (14) are both located in the cooking area of the stove. between the fire port and the highest position of coal burning in the cooking fire channel (4). 7. The secondary air distribution device for a reverse combustion coal-fired furnace according to claim 6, wherein the bottom of the third air passage (15) is configured to block or open the secondary air outlet (16) secondary air vent baffle. 8. A reverse combustion coal-fired furnace, characterized in that it comprises the secondary air distribution device according to any one of claims 1-7.