CN113748947A - Method for promoting root growth of perennial sugarcane after mechanical harvesting - Google Patents
Method for promoting root growth of perennial sugarcane after mechanical harvesting Download PDFInfo
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- CN113748947A CN113748947A CN202111163379.4A CN202111163379A CN113748947A CN 113748947 A CN113748947 A CN 113748947A CN 202111163379 A CN202111163379 A CN 202111163379A CN 113748947 A CN113748947 A CN 113748947A
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- sugarcane
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/55—Sugar cane
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2107/00—Impermeabilisation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and particularly discloses a method for promoting the growth of a perennial root sugarcane root system after harvesting by a machine, which comprises the following steps: mixing sugarcane leaves with a leaven, stacking at intervals, and decomposing to obtain an organic fertilizer; carrying out stump shoveling on the sugarcane stump to leave 6-8 cm of sugarcane piles, and spraying a conditioner, wherein the conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of matrine, 3-5 parts of fulvic acid, 2-3 parts of pyroligneous liquor and 500 parts of water, diluting a conditioner by 400-500 times with water, spraying, wherein the dosage of the conditioner per mu is 100-120 ml, and airing for 3-5 days after spraying; and (3) fertilizing, namely applying a decomposed organic fertilizer and a modifier as base fertilizers to two sides of the sugarcane root, wherein the modifier is modified zeolite loaded with indolebutyric acid. The method disclosed by the invention can promote the growth of the root system of the perennial root sugarcane, reduce the risk of sugarcane root infection diseases, improve the survival rate, improve the stress resistance of the perennial root sugarcane, promote the germination of the perennial root sugarcane, improve the plant growth rate and tillering rate of the perennial root sugarcane and increase the yield of the sugarcane. Can improve the permeability of the soil after mechanical harvesting and improve the water and fertilizer retention performance of the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and particularly relates to a method for promoting the root growth of perennial sugarcane after harvesting by a machine.
Background
The perennial root sugarcane is a new plant which is formed by germinating sugarcane buds at the base of a sugarcane bag left in the ground after the sugarcane is harvested in the last season under proper water, gas and heat conditions. Perennial root sugarcane has the advantages of obvious seed saving, labor saving, early maturing, contribution to labor force arrangement, reduction of production cost and the like, and perennial root sugarcane planting is widely applied at home and abroad as an important cultivation system for sugarcane production and development.
The sugarcane industry is one of the important economic prop industries in Guangxi, the most important link in the sugarcane industry is sugarcane production, the whole production process of the sugarcane comprises land preparation, planting, ridge breaking, fertilization, hilling, harvesting and the like, the sugarcane harvesting is the most complicated link in the working procedure of the sugarcane production process, most of the sugarcane harvests manually at present, and the sugarcane harvester has the defects of low production efficiency, high labor cost, low industrial benefit and the like, and seriously hinders the development of the sugarcane industry. The realization of the mechanized harvesting of the sugarcane is the fundamental way for the sustainable development of the sugar industry in Guangxi, but the sugarcane stump is damaged due to mechanical rolling, so that the sugarcane stump is easy to be infected with diseases and the survival rate is reduced; the soil compaction of the sugarcane field leads to the increase of the volume weight of the soil and causes the deterioration of the soil environment of the sugarcane field, which is mainly characterized in that the porosity of the soil is reduced, the volume density is increased, the air permeability and the water permeability of the soil are reduced, the animal quantity and the microbial activity in the soil are changed, the distribution and the diffusion of elements such as N, P, K are limited, the utilization efficiency of soil fertilizers is reduced, and the growth and the development of perennial sugarcane are influenced; the inhibition of root activity causes weak growth of overground parts and roots in early stage of sugarcane, influences germination and normal growth and development of perennial sugarcane seedlings, generates negative effect on the yield of the sugarcane in later stage, and the like, and becomes one of bottlenecks of mechanized promotion of production. The method has important significance for promoting the mechanized production of the sugarcane in China by improving the root growth of the perennial sugarcane after the mechanized harvest and promoting the growth of the perennial sugarcane plants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for promoting the root growth of mechanically harvested perennial sugarcane, which reduces the risk of disease infection of mechanically harvested sugarcane roots, improves the soil permeability and fertilizer preservation property, promotes the root growth of mechanically harvested perennial sugarcane, and increases the sugarcane yield.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for promoting the root growth of perennial sugarcane after harvesting, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and collecting residual sugarcane leaves collected by a machine, mixing the sugarcane leaves with a fermentation microbial inoculum, and stacking and decomposing for 20-40 days to obtain an organic fertilizer;
(2) flatly shoveling the sugarcane root, loosening the surface soil of the sugarcane pocket, and spraying a conditioner, wherein the conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of matrine, 3-5 parts of fulvic acid, 2-4 parts of pyroligneous liquor and 500 parts of water, diluting a conditioner by 400-500 times with water, spraying, wherein the dosage of the conditioner per mu is 100-120 ml, and airing for 2-3 days after spraying; the sugarcane root is shoveled flatly, and is broken by a removing machine, so that the sugarcane root infection diseases are reduced, the germination of low-position buds is promoted, the conditioner has a sterilization effect, the germination of perennial root sugarcane buds and the growth of sugarcane are promoted, and the stress resistance and the soil adaptability of the perennial root sugarcane are improved;
(3) and (3) fertilizing, namely fertilizing the organic fertilizer and the modifying agent in the step (1) serving as base fertilizers to two sides of the sugarcane root, wherein the modifying agent is modified zeolite loaded with indolebutyric acid. The modifier of the modified zeolite loaded with the indolebutyric acid has the effects of promoting the root growth of perennial sugarcane, regulating the soil permeability and the water and fertilizer retention, and has the slow release effect and long-acting effect by loading the indolebutyric acid on the zeolite. The organic fertilizer is applied to return sugarcane leaves to the field, so that nutrients required by perennial sugarcane are provided, the application of chemical fertilizers can be reduced, and the soil can be improved.
Preferably, in the method for promoting the growth of the roots of the mechanically harvested perennial sugarcane, the fermentation inoculant consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 2-4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-3 parts of aspergillus niger and 2-5 parts of trichoderma koningii. The fermentation microbial inoculum is compounded by multiple strains, can secrete various enzymes such as protease, lipase, amylase, cellulase and the like, accelerates the fermentation and decomposition of sugarcane leaves into organic fertilizer, and can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, enhance the resistance of perennial root sugarcane to diseases, improve soil and reduce nutrient loss.
Preferably, in the method for promoting the growth of the roots of the perennial sugarcane after harvesting, the addition amount of the fermentation inoculant is 0.2-0.4% of the weight of the sugarcane leaves.
Preferably, in the method for promoting the root growth of the perennial sugarcane after the mechanical harvesting, the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 500-600 kg/mu.
Preferably, in the method for promoting the root growth of the perennial sugarcane after harvesting, the preparation method of the modifying agent comprises the following steps:
firstly, adding 100-200-mesh zeolite into a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 0.2-0.3 mol/L, stirring for 0.5-1 h at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, filtering, washing, drying, and then roasting at high temperature to obtain activated zeolite;
mixing sapindus saponin, hexadecyl dimethyl betaine and deionized water, adjusting the pH to 3-5, dispersing at a high speed to obtain a modified emulsion, wherein the mass fraction of sapindus saponin in the modified emulsion is 2-3%, and the mass fraction of hexadecyl dimethyl betaine is 3-5%, adding the modified emulsion accounting for 20-25% of the weight of the activated zeolite into the activated zeolite obtained in the step (I), grinding at the speed of 800-1000 r/min for 1-2 h, and drying to obtain the modified zeolite; the zeolite is treated by hydrochloric acid solution, the surface of the zeolite can be corroded to a certain extent, impurities in pore channels are dissolved, so that the pore channels are dredged, cations with large generating radius on the zeolite are replaced by hydrogen ions, the adsorption capacity is improved, and then the pore volume of the zeolite is further improved by high-temperature roasting, so that the specific surface area is increased; then under the action of mechanical force, the cation end of hexadecyl dimethyl betaine enters the pore channel of the zeolite to replace inorganic cations of the zeolite, the unit interlayer spacing is enlarged, and the other free long chain segment enables the surface of the zeolite to have certain lipophilicity, so that the adsorbability of indolebutyric acid is improved;
thirdly, adding 0.03-0.05 part of indolebutyric acid and 15-18 parts of ethanol by weight part to prepare a solution, adding 15-20 parts of zeolite into the solution, stirring for 3-5 hours, and then drying to remove ethanol, thereby obtaining the modified zeolite loaded with indolebutyric acid.
Preferably, in the method for promoting the root growth of the perennial sugarcane after harvesting, in the step (i), the high-temperature roasting is as follows: raising the temperature from room temperature to 500-600 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation roasting for 2-3 h, and naturally cooling.
Preferably, in the method for promoting the root growth of the perennial sugarcane after harvesting, the drying in the third step is as follows: and (4) drying by air, wherein the drying temperature is 45-55 ℃.
Preferably, in the method for promoting the root growth of the perennial sugarcane after harvesting, the application amount of the modifying agent is 5-7 kg/mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for promoting the root growth of the perennial root sugarcane after the mechanical harvesting can promote the root growth of the perennial root sugarcane, reduce the risk of disease infection of the sugarcane stump, improve the survival rate, improve the stress resistance of the perennial root sugarcane, promote the perennial root sugarcane to germinate, improve the plant growth rate and the tillering rate of the perennial root sugarcane and increase the yield of the sugarcane. Meanwhile, the permeability of the soil after mechanical harvesting can be improved, the water and fertilizer retention performance of the soil is improved, and the nutrient effectiveness and the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer are enhanced.
2. According to the method for promoting the root growth of the perennial root sugarcane after harvesting by the machine, the damage of machine harvesting and rolling on the sugarcane root is removed, the infection disease of the sugarcane root is reduced, the bud germination of the perennial root sugarcane is promoted, the bud vitality and the growth of the sugarcane are improved, the new root growth of the perennial root sugarcane is promoted, the stress resistance and the soil adaptability of the perennial root sugarcane are improved, and the permeability and the water and fertilizer retention of the soil after harvesting by the machine are improved.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A method for promoting the root growth of perennial sugarcane after mechanical harvesting comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and collecting residual sugarcane leaves collected by a machine, mixing the sugarcane leaves with a fermentation microbial inoculum which is 0.3 percent of the weight of the sugarcane leaves, and stacking and decomposing for 15 days to obtain an organic fertilizer; the fermentation inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2.5 parts of aspergillus niger and 4 parts of trichoderma koningii;
(2) flatly shoveling the sugarcane stump, and spraying a conditioner to the sugarcane stump, wherein the conditioner consists of the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of matrine, 4 parts of fulvic acid, 3 parts of pyroligneous and 500 parts of water, wherein the conditioner is diluted by 500 times of water for spraying, the dosage of the conditioner per mu is 120ml, and the conditioner is aired for 2 days after being sprayed;
(3) loosening soil outside the sugarcane stump by 3-4 cm, ridging and fertilizing, mixing the organic fertilizer and the modifying agent obtained in the step (1) as base fertilizers and applying the base fertilizers to two sides of the sugarcane stump, wherein the amount of the organic fertilizer applied per mu is 500kg, and the amount of the modifying agent is 6 kg.
The preparation method of the modifier comprises the following steps:
adding 100-200-mesh natural zeolite into a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 0.3mol/L, stirring for 0.5h at 70 ℃, filtering, washing, drying, then placing into a muffle furnace, heating from room temperature to 550 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, roasting for 2.5h, and naturally cooling to obtain activated zeolite;
secondly, mixing 2.5 mass percent of soapberry saponin, 4 mass percent of hexadecyl dimethyl betaine and 93.5 mass percent of deionized water, adjusting the pH to be 3.5, then dispersing at a high speed to obtain modified emulsion, adding 22 mass percent of modified emulsion of the activated zeolite into the activated zeolite obtained in the step I, then grinding for 1 hour at the speed of 1000r/min, and drying at 100 ℃ to obtain the modified zeolite;
③ adding 0.04 part of indolebutyric acid and 15 parts of ethanol into the solution to prepare a solution, adding 18 parts of zeolite into the solution, stirring for 4 hours, and then removing the ethanol by forced air drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the modified zeolite loaded with the indolebutyric acid, namely the modifying agent.
Example 2
A method for promoting the root growth of perennial sugarcane after mechanical harvesting comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and collecting residual sugarcane leaves collected by a machine, mixing the sugarcane leaves with a fermentation microbial inoculum which is 0.3 percent of the weight of the sugarcane leaves, and stacking and decomposing for 15 days to obtain an organic fertilizer; the fermentation inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of aspergillus niger and 3 parts of trichoderma koningii;
(2) carrying out stump shoveling on the sugarcane stump, keeping the height of the sugarcane stump to be 5cm, and spraying a conditioner, wherein the conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of matrine, 3 parts of fulvic acid, 2 parts of pyroligneous and 500 parts of water, wherein the conditioner is diluted by 500 times by water and sprayed, the dosage of the conditioner per mu is 120ml, and the conditioner is aired for 2 days after being sprayed;
(3) loosening soil outside the sugarcane stump by 3-4 cm, ridging and fertilizing, wherein the organic fertilizer and the modifying agent in the step (1) are used as base fertilizers and applied to two sides of the sugarcane stump, the amount of the organic fertilizer applied per mu is 500kg, and the amount of the modifying agent is 5.5 kg.
The preparation method of the modifier comprises the following steps:
adding 100-200-mesh natural zeolite into a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 0.25mol/L, stirring for 1h at 60 ℃, filtering, washing, drying, then placing into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature from room temperature to 500 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, roasting for 3h, and naturally cooling to obtain activated zeolite;
secondly, mixing 2% of soapberry saponin, 4.5% of hexadecyl dimethyl betaine and 93.5% of deionized water, adjusting the pH to be 4, dispersing at a high speed to obtain a modified emulsion, adding 24% of the modified emulsion in the weight of the activated zeolite into the activated zeolite obtained in the step I, grinding for 1 hour at the speed of 1000r/min, and drying at 100 ℃ to obtain the modified zeolite;
③ adding 0.035 parts of indolebutyric acid and 15 parts of ethanol to prepare a solution, adding 15 parts of zeolite into the solution, stirring for 4 hours, and then removing the ethanol by forced air drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the modified zeolite loaded with indolebutyric acid, namely the modifying agent.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: no conditioner is sprayed in the step (2), and other steps and parameters are the same as those of the example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: no modifying agent is applied in the fertilization process in the step (3), and other steps and parameters are the same as those of the example 1.
Field test
Test subjects: sugar cane sweet osmanthus No. 42
Time and place of experiment: 3 months-2019 months in 2017, and 3 months in Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences.
The test method comprises the following steps: newly planting in the first year in 2017, 3 and 15 days, mechanically planting newly planted sugarcane at equal row spacing of 1.2m, carrying out intertillage ridging by using an intertillage fertilization ridging machine, spraying pesticide by using an unmanned aerial vehicle technology to prevent insects and weed, wherein the pesticide application amount is the same as that of the conventional production method. Mechanical harvesting (harvesting) is carried out in 2018 and 2 months, and a Kaiss 4000 combine harvester and a medium-sized auxiliary loader are adopted for harvesting. After harvesting, dividing a test area into 5 treatment groups, namely an example 1, an example 2, a comparative example 1, a comparative example 2 and a control group, respectively, treating ratoon sugarcane in the example 1-2 groups and the comparative example 1-2 groups according to the methods provided in the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-2, respectively, additionally applying partial fertilizers, specifically 12 kg/mu of urea, 30kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 14kg of potassium chloride fertilizer, applying the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the potassium chloride fertilizer as base fertilizers once, and applying the urea according to the base fertilizers: the tillering fertilizer is applied in a ratio of 4: 6; the control group only needs loosening the soil, opening ridges and applying chemical fertilizers, the dosage of the chemical fertilizers is the same as that of the conventional planting method, specifically, 20kg of urea, 60kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 25kg of potassium chloride are used as base fertilizers, and the urea is applied according to the base fertilizers: the tillering fertilizer is applied in a ratio of 4:6, and other management measures are carried out according to the conventional sugarcane planting management. Adopt sugarcane shovel root of mouth machine to shovel the root of mouth to handle, adopt broken ridge fertilizer distributor to carry out broken ridge fertilization to the ratoon sugarcane, utilize unmanned aerial vehicle technique to carry out spraying amendment, whole mechanized processing.
Survey items: investigating the plant growing rate and tillering rate of perennial root sugarcane at the seedling stage; investigation of physiological and biochemical indexes in the elongation stage: soluble protein, soluble sugar, malondialdehyde, proline, physiological and biochemical index test are carried out according to the method provided by Zhangxian 'Zheng' physical research of crops (1992); sampling at the mature stage to test the dry weight, the length and the surface area of a root system, and referring to a literature (Prunus persica et al, influence of soil compaction on the seedling emergence of perennial sugarcane and the formation of the root system, southwest agricultural science report, 2017) a root system character test method; the purity, brix and sugar content of the cane juice were measured at the maturity stage (see "analysis of sugar industry for sugar production from sugar cane" (1994)), and the yield was investigated after harvest.
And (3) test results:
table 1 shows the growth rate and the tillering rate of the ratoon sugarcane, and it can be seen from the table that the growth rate and the tillering rate of the sugarcane in the examples are significantly higher than those of the comparative example and the control group, the growth rate and the tillering rate of the sugarcane in the examples are improved by more than 13% compared with those of the control group, the tillering rates of the sugarcane in the examples 1 and 2 are improved by 19.0% and 17.9%, and the difference between the examples and CK is very significant, which indicates that the method of the present invention can improve the growth rate and the tillering rate of the ratoon sugarcane.
Soluble protein, soluble sugar and proline of sugarcane are important permeation regulating substances, the content of malondialdehyde is an important index for reflecting the strength of cell membrane lipid peroxidation and the damage degree of a plasma membrane, the concentration of cell sap can be increased by increasing the content of the soluble protein, the content of the soluble sugar and the content of the proline, the water holding capacity of cells can be enhanced, the peroxidation degree of the cell membrane can be reduced by reducing the content of the malondialdehyde, so that the cell membrane structure of sugarcane leaves is stable, and the improvement of the stress resistance of the sugarcane is good. As can be seen from table 2, compared with the control group, the soluble protein content of example 1 and example 2 was increased by 7.7% and 6.2%, respectively, the soluble sugar content was increased by 23.7% and 19.2%, respectively, the content of glycoproline was higher than that of the control group, and the content of malondialdehyde was lower than that of the control group. The result shows that the method can improve the stress resistance of the perennial root sugarcane to a certain extent.
Table 3 shows the root system characteristics of the perennial root sugarcane, and it can be seen from the table that, compared with the control group, the dry weights of the root systems in examples 1 and 2 are respectively increased by 26.1% and 23.7%, the dry weight of the root system of the perennial root sugarcane with the root surface area treated by the method of the present invention is increased, the length of the root system is extended, and the surface area of the root system is increased, which indicates that the method of the present invention can promote the growth of the root system, is favorable for the absorption of the perennial root sugarcane to nutrients, and is favorable for prolonging the age of the perennial root sugarcane.
The sugarcane juice purity, the sugarcane juice brix and the sucrose content are main bases for examining sugarcane quality standards, and as can be seen from table 4, the sugarcane juice purity of the example group is more than 91%, the sugarcane juice brix is more than 22, the sucrose content is more than 15.3%, and the sugarcane juice content is improved to different degrees compared with the control group, which shows that the method is beneficial to improving the quality of perennial sugarcane. The yield of the example group is obviously higher than that of the control group, compared with the control group, the yield of the example 1 and the yield of the example 2 are respectively improved by 27.4 percent and 25.1 percent, the difference is extremely obvious, and the yield increasing effect of the sugarcane is obvious.
TABLE 1 plant development and tillering rates of different treated ratoon sugarcane
TABLE 2 physiological and biochemical indices of sugarcane treated differently
TABLE 3 different treatment of sugarcane root system traits
| Group of | Root system Dry weight (g) | Root length (cm) | Surface area of root system (cm)2) |
| Example 1 | 9.14 | 184.6 | 68.54 |
| Example 2 | 8.97 | 179.3 | 67.81 |
| Comparative example 1 | 7.71 | 172.1 | 58.37 |
| Comparative example 2 | 7.75 | 168.8 | 57.12 |
| Control group | 7.25 | 160.2 | 50.13 |
TABLE 4 sugar content and yield of sugarcane
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A method for promoting the root growth of perennial sugarcane after mechanical harvesting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning and collecting residual sugarcane leaves collected by a machine, mixing the sugarcane leaves with a fermentation microbial inoculum, and stacking and decomposing for 20-40 days to obtain an organic fertilizer;
(2) flatly shoveling the sugarcane root, loosening the surface soil of the sugarcane pocket, and spraying a conditioner, wherein the conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of matrine, 3-5 parts of fulvic acid, 2-4 parts of pyroligneous liquor and 500 parts of water, diluting a conditioner by 400-500 times with water, spraying, wherein the dosage of the conditioner per mu is 100-120 ml, and airing for 2-3 days after spraying;
(3) and (3) fertilizing, namely fertilizing the organic fertilizer and the modifying agent in the step (1) serving as base fertilizers to two sides of the sugarcane root, wherein the modifying agent is modified zeolite loaded with indolebutyric acid.
2. The method for promoting the growth of the roots of the mechanically harvested perennial sugarcane according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation inoculant consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 2-4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-3 parts of aspergillus niger and 2-5 parts of trichoderma koningii.
3. The method for promoting the growth of the roots of the mechanically harvested perennial sugarcane according to claim 2, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation inoculant is 0.2-0.4% of the weight of the sugarcane leaves.
4. The method for promoting the growth of the roots of the perennial sugarcane after harvesting by the machine according to claim 1, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 500-600 kg/mu.
5. The method for promoting the growth of the roots of the mechanically harvested perennial sugarcane according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modifying agent comprises the following steps:
6. The method for promoting the growth of the roots of post-harvest perennial sugarcane according to claim 5, wherein said step is carried out in the presence of a catalyst
In the middle, the high-temperature roasting is as follows: raising the temperature from room temperature to 500-600 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation roasting for 2-3 h, and naturally cooling.
7. The method for promoting the growth of the roots of post-harvest perennial sugarcane according to claim 5, wherein said step is carried out in the presence of a catalyst
In the method, the drying is as follows: and (4) drying by air, wherein the drying temperature is 45-55 ℃.
8. The method for promoting the growth of the roots of the mechanically harvested perennial sugarcane according to claim 5, wherein the application amount of the modifying agent is 5-7 kg/mu.
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| CN115152387A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-11 | 山东实力农业股份有限公司 | Fertilizing method for saving fertilizer and increasing yield of fruit and vegetable crops |
| CN115152387B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-03-28 | 山东实力农业股份有限公司 | Fertilizing method for saving fertilizer and increasing yield of fruit and vegetable crops |
| CN115380818A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-11-25 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Breeding method of new sugarcane strain suitable for machine harvesting and rolling |
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Application publication date: 20211207 Assignee: Guangxi Nanning Jinsheng Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2023980046666 Denomination of invention: A Method for Promoting Root Growth of Sugarcane after Mechanical Harvest Granted publication date: 20220701 License type: Common License Record date: 20231109 Application publication date: 20211207 Assignee: Nanning Cane Ding Agriculture Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2023980046314 Denomination of invention: A Method for Promoting Root Growth of Sugarcane after Mechanical Harvest Granted publication date: 20220701 License type: Common License Record date: 20231108 |