CN114394864A - Conditioner for improving sugarcane ratoon yellowing and application thereof - Google Patents
Conditioner for improving sugarcane ratoon yellowing and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-Epiaffinine Natural products C1C(C2=CC=CC=C2N2)=C2C(=O)CC2C(=CC)CN(C)C1C2CO PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- GIPOFCXYHMWROH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-aminoacetate;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O GIPOFCXYHMWROH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000015763 Artemisia ludoviciana Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000608847 Gnaphalium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- AJQLEJAVGARHGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithiosalicylic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(S)=S AJQLEJAVGARHGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241001589086 Bellapiscis medius Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000027772 skotomorphogenesis Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010675 chips/crisps Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000223261 Trichoderma viride Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940045136 urea Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000221079 Euphorbia <genus> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 15
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 11
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000209134 Arundinaria Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 3
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008313 Pseudognaphalium affine Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000131329 Carabidae Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000353522 Earias insulana Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005066 Euchiton japonicus Species 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003811 acetone extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003321 atomic absorption spectrophotometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000006278 hypochromic anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and particularly discloses a conditioner for improving perennial root yellowing of sugarcane, which consists of a foliar spray and a root application agent, wherein the foliar spray comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of ferrous glycinate, 20-40 parts of urea, 0.8-2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.3-0.8 part of catechin, 1-3 parts of erythritol, 0.5-2 parts of sodium oleate and 100-150 parts of water; the root application agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 8-17 parts of calcium phosphate, 1-3 parts of dithiosalicylic acid, 45-60 parts of molasses, 150-280 parts of soybean meal, 200-320 parts of sawdust, 34-50 parts of affine cudweed and 25-40 parts of ground twister. The conditioner for improving the perennial root yellowing of the sugarcane is combined with the foliar spray and the root application agent to effectively prevent and treat the perennial root yellowing of the sugarcane, improve the soil environment and the fertility, reduce plant diseases and insect pests in the soil, enhance the root activity of the perennial root of the sugarcane, enhance the absorption of the sugarcane to nutrient substances, improve the stress resistance of the sugarcane and improve the quality and the yield of the sugarcane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and particularly relates to a conditioner for improving perennial root yellowing of sugarcane and application thereof.
Background
The perennial root sugarcane has the advantages of seed saving, labor saving, early growth, quick growth, early ripening, high sugar content, strong stress resistance and the like, and provides raw materials for early squeezing seasons of sugar factories; the planting circulation process can be reduced, so that the crops can better utilize natural climate conditions, and the production period is prolonged; and under the same management condition, the quality and the sugar recovery rate of the perennial root sugarcane are higher than those of the newly planted sugarcane. Guangxi is the most main production area of the national cane sugar at present, the planting area of the whole area of the cane sugar accounts for more than 60% of the total planting area of the national cane sugar, and the perennial root cane accounts for 60-70% in the Guangxi cane sugar planting, but in recent years, the perennial root cane seedling yellowing phenomenon begins to occur in the Guangxi cane area, the morbidity reaches 20-30%, the perennial root cane area has a tendency of gradual increase, and the yield and the quality of the perennial root cane are seriously influenced.
Yellowing is a plant disease, and the disease mainly comprises that the stem and leaf of a crop are partially or completely faded to be yellow green or yellow, the chlorophyll content of the plant is reduced after the plant is infected with diseases, the color of the leaf is dark green and becomes light, the leaf is yellow and white when the plant is serious, the photosynthesis is seriously hindered, the growth of the plant is influenced, and the plant is dwarfed or withered. Perennial root sugarcane yellowing seriously affects the growth of the sugarcane, the survival and plant-forming rate of seedlings is low, late-stage plant diseases and insect pests such as smut, stem borer and the like are seriously caused, the plant height is low, the stem diameter is small, the sugar content is seriously reduced, and the yield of the sugarcane stem and the yield and the quality of the sucrose are seriously affected. The method is characterized in that due to lack of iron and magnesium elements in the plant body of the perennial root sugarcane, chlorophyll synthesis is hindered to cause chlorosis and yellowing of leaves, which are direct reasons of the perennial root sugarcane yellowing, further, poor soil conditions such as soil acid-base balance, drought and hardening cause nutrient loss and passivation in soil, excessive manganese ions in the soil cause low content of effective Fe, Ca and Mg in the soil, low activity of the root system of the sugarcane, poor stress resistance and other factors, and finally the perennial root sugarcane is caused to be insufficient in nutrient absorption to cause yellowing; in addition, drought, improper fertilization, plant diseases and insect pests and the like can cause etiolation of perennial root sugarcane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a conditioner for improving sugarcane ratoon yellowing and application thereof, which is used for increasing the nutrition of sugarcane, promoting the photosynthesis of leaves, improving the root environment, improving the root activity, preventing and treating sugarcane ratoon yellowing and improving the yield of the ratoon sugarcane by spraying leaf surface and applying the conditioner to roots.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a conditioner for improving sugarcane ratoon yellowing, which consists of a foliar spray and a root application agent, wherein the foliar spray comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of ferrous glycinate, 20-40 parts of urea, 0.8-2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.3-0.8 part of catechin, 1-3 parts of erythritol, 0.5-2 parts of sodium oleate and 100-150 parts of water; the root application agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 8-17 parts of calcium phosphate, 1-3 parts of dithiosalicylic acid, 45-60 parts of molasses, 150-280 parts of soybean meal, 200-320 parts of sawdust, 34-50 parts of affine cudweed and 25-40 parts of ground twister.
Preferably, in the conditioner for improving the perennial root yellowing of the sugarcane, the foliar spray comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of ferrous glycinate, 32 parts of urea, 1.2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.5 part of catechin, 2 parts of erythritol, 1.3 parts of sodium oleate and 100 parts of water; the root application agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of calcium phosphate, 1.5 parts of dithiosalicylic acid, 52 parts of molasses, 220 parts of bean pulp, 250 parts of wood chips, 42 parts of affine cudweed and 30 parts of ground twister.
Preferably, in the conditioner for improving etiolation of sugarcane ratoon, the average grain size of the nano zinc oxide is 30-50 nm.
Preferably, in the conditioner for improving the perennial root yellowing of sugarcane, the preparation method of the foliar spray comprises the following steps: mixing nano zinc oxide, sodium oleate and 20 parts of water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-30 min to obtain a nano zinc oxide suspension; then uniformly stirring ferrous glycinate, urea, catechin, erythritol and the rest water to obtain a mixed solution, and uniformly mixing the nano zinc oxide suspension and the mixed solution to obtain the foliar spray.
Preferably, in the conditioner for improving the etiolation of the sugarcane ratoon, the preparation method of the root application agent comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting stems and leaves of affine cudweed and whole plant of native twister euphorbia for 2-3 times by using ethanol with the mass percentage concentration of 70-80% and the weight of 8-10 times of the total plant of affine cudweed respectively, and concentrating and drying an extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain powder;
(2) mixing soybean meal, wood chips, molasses and ferrous sulfate to obtain a mixture, adding water to adjust the water content of the mixture to be 60-70%, then adding a fermentation microbial inoculum accounting for 2-3% of the weight of the mixture, uniformly mixing, and fermenting for 3-5 days to obtain a fermented product;
(3) and (3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (1), the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), calcium phosphate and dithiosalicylic acid to obtain the root application agent. The ferrous sulfate, the bean pulp, the wood chips and the molasses are fermented together, so that the iron element can be adsorbed and promoted to be absorbed by plants, the loss of the iron element after the iron element is applied to soil is reduced, and the iron absorption utilization rate is improved.
Preferably, in the conditioner for improving the perennial root yellowing of sugarcane, the fermentation inoculant comprises the following strains in parts by weight: 0.5-1 part of bacillus subtilis, 1.5-3 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-2 parts of trichoderma viride and 1-2 parts of aspergillus niger. The effective viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis, the saccharomycetes, the trichoderma viride and the aspergillus nigerNumber greater than 109Mixing the components in parts by weight per gram to obtain the fermentation inoculum.
The application of the conditioner for improving perennial root yellowing of sugarcane is to dilute the foliar spray by 300-500 times and spray the foliar spray on sugarcane foliage, and then hilling and hole-applying the root application agent.
Preferably, in the application of the conditioner for improving the perennial root yellowing of the sugarcane, the application amount of the foliar spray after dilution is 50-80L/mu; the dosage of the root application agent is 250-380 kg/mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the conditioner for improving the perennial root yellowing of the sugarcane is combined with the foliar spray and the root application agent to effectively prevent and treat the perennial root yellowing of the sugarcane, improve the soil environment and the fertility, reduce plant diseases and insect pests in the soil, enhance the root activity of the perennial root of the sugarcane, strengthen the absorption of the perennial root of the sugarcane on nutrient substances, improve the stress resistance of the sugarcane and improve the quality and the yield of the sugarcane.
2. According to the conditioner for improving sugarcane ratoon yellowing, ferrous glycine in the foliar spray is organic iron and is easier to be absorbed by leaves, and the nano zinc oxide, the catechin, the erythritol and the sodium oleate have a synergistic effect, so that the absorption and transportation of the leaves on iron elements can be improved, the photosynthesis of the sugarcane leaves is improved, the accumulation of nutrient substances of the sugarcane is facilitated, and the stress resistance of the sugarcane is improved; the root application agent can improve the soil hardening problem, improve the water and fertilizer retention capability of the soil, is rich in various mineral elements, organic matters, micromolecular organic carbon, humus and other nutrient substances, can improve the soil nutrient, increases the number of soil microorganisms, kills plant diseases and insect pests in the soil, enhances the root system activity of the sugarcane, and radically solves the sugarcane yellowing.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A conditioner for improving sugarcane ratoon yellowing comprises a foliar spray and a root application agent, wherein the foliar spray comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of ferrous glycinate, 32 parts of urea, 1.2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.5 part of catechin, 2 parts of erythritol, 1.3 parts of sodium oleate and 100 parts of water; the root application agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of calcium phosphate, 1.5 parts of dithiosalicylic acid, 52 parts of molasses, 220 parts of bean pulp, 250 parts of wood chips, 42 parts of affine cudweed and 30 parts of ground twister. The average grain diameter of the nano zinc oxide is 30-50 nm.
The preparation method of the foliar spray comprises the following steps: mixing nano zinc oxide, sodium oleate and 20 parts of water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min to obtain a nano zinc oxide suspension; then uniformly stirring ferrous glycinate, urea, catechin, erythritol and the rest water to obtain a mixed solution, and uniformly mixing the nano zinc oxide suspension and the mixed solution to obtain the foliar spray.
The preparation method of the root application agent comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting stems and leaves of Gnaphalium affine and the whole plant of Gnaphalium japonicum with 80% ethanol in a mass percentage of 10 times of the weight of the Gnaphalium affine for 2 times, and concentrating and drying an extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain powder;
(2) mixing soybean meal, wood chips, molasses and ferrous sulfate to obtain a mixture, adding water to adjust the water content of the mixture to 65%, then adding a fermentation microbial inoculum accounting for 2.5% of the weight of the mixture, uniformly mixing, and fermenting for 5 days to obtain a fermented product;
(3) and (3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (1), the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), calcium phosphate and dithiosalicylic acid to obtain the root application agent.
The fermentation inoculum comprises the following strains in parts by weight: 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of microzyme, 1.5 parts of trichoderma viride and 1.2 parts of aspergillus niger, wherein the effective viable count of each strain is more than 2 multiplied by 109One per gram.
Example 2
A conditioner for improving sugarcane ratoon yellowing comprises a foliar spray and a root application agent, wherein the foliar spray comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of ferrous glycinate, 30 parts of urea, 1.3 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.4 part of catechin, 3 parts of erythritol, 1.4 parts of sodium oleate and 100 parts of water; the root application agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15 parts of calcium phosphate, 1.2 parts of dithiosalicylic acid, 50 parts of molasses, 250 parts of soybean meal, 230 parts of wood chips, 38 parts of affine cudweed and 33 parts of ground beetle. The average grain diameter of the nano zinc oxide is 30-50 nm.
Foliar spray and root spray were prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: only the foliar spray, the foliar spray was the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the foliar spray was replaced with ferrous sulfate to ferrous glycinate, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the leaf surface spray agent uses tween to replace nano zinc oxide, catechin, erythritol and sodium oleate, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1.
Field test
Test subjects: the new table sugar No. 22 is provided,
test site: the perennial roots with serious etiolation seedlings are used as test lands, and the sugarcane lands are continuously planted for 3 years.
The test method comprises the following steps:
the groups of examples 1-2, the groups of comparative examples 1-3 and the blank control group were designed, and a random block design was used, with 3 repeats per group, 8 rows per cell, 8m row length, and 1m row spacing. The blank control group is not treated, the leaf surface spraying agent diluted by 500 times by water is adopted for spraying in the groups of examples 1-2 and the groups of comparative examples 1-3, the application amount of the diluted leaf surface spraying agent is 70L/mu, four groups of the groups of examples 1-2 and the groups of comparative examples 2-3 are simultaneously subjected to earth-hilling hole-application root application agent, the application amount of the root application agent is 320 kg/mu, and the other steps are carried out according to the conventional sugarcane cultivation management method. Investigating the chlorophyll content and active iron content of sugarcane leaves of each group before and 30 days after conditioner application, the chlorophyll content of the leaves: 80% acetone extraction, spectrophotometric determination, 10 leaves per group test and averaging. Active iron content: the measurement is carried out by adopting a 1mol/L HCl leaching-atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A green turning rate (green turning rate% (total number of yellowing seedlings before application one total number of yellowing seedlings after application) × 100/total number of yellowing seedlings before application) 30 days after application.
When the sugarcane is harvested, the plant height, the stem diameter, the effective stem number, the sugarcane juice purity, the sugarcane juice brix, the sucrose content and the yield of each group are investigated, and the average value of 3 repetitions is taken as each group of test results.
Table 1 shows the chlorophyll and active iron contents and the green-turning rate of the etiolated sugarcane leaves after different treatments, and it can be seen from the table that the chlorophyll content is increased by 9-10 times after the conditioner of the embodiment of the present invention is applied for 30 days, and the restoration to normal is completed, and the chlorophyll content is relatively increased compared with the normal sugarcane leaves (chlorophyll content is 1.98mg/g) subjected to conventional fertilization; the effective iron content is higher than that of the comparative example group and the control group, which shows that the conditioner of the invention has the capability of obviously improving chlorophyll of leaves and improving and maintaining the effective iron content, and has good effect of preventing and treating the sugarcane yellowing.
TABLE 1 chlorophyll and active iron content, green-turning rate of leaves of etiolated sugarcane after different treatments
Table 2 shows the yield and sucrose content of sugarcane after different treatments, compared with the control group, the plant height of the example group is increased by more than 7.2%, the yield is increased by more than 66%, and the sucrose content is increased by more than 16.45%, which indicates that the conditioner of the present invention can improve the yield and quality of etiolated sugarcane.
TABLE 2 yield and sucrose score of sugarcane after different treatments
| Plant height (cm) | Diameter of the stem (mm) | Yield (kg/mu) | Sucrose (%) | |
| Example 1 | 285.2 | 27.5 | 6475 | 16.62 |
| Example 2 | 283.6 | 26.9 | 6284 | 16.45 |
| Comparative example 1 | 272.5 | 25.2 | 5914 | 15.75 |
| Comparative example 2 | 279.5 | 26.4 | 6141 | 16.25 |
| Comparative example 3 | 280.1 | 25.8 | 6023 | 16.13 |
| Control group | 264.5 | 25.3 | 3770 | 14.36 |
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The conditioner for improving the etiolation of the perennial roots of the sugarcane is characterized by consisting of a foliar spray and a root application agent, wherein the foliar spray comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of ferrous glycinate, 20-40 parts of urea, 0.8-2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.3-0.8 part of catechin, 1-3 parts of erythritol, 0.5-2 parts of sodium oleate and 100-150 parts of water; the root application agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 8-17 parts of calcium phosphate, 1-3 parts of dithiosalicylic acid, 45-60 parts of molasses, 150-280 parts of soybean meal, 200-320 parts of sawdust, 34-50 parts of affine cudweed and 25-40 parts of ground twister.
2. The conditioner for improving the etiolation of the sugarcane ratoon according to claim 1, wherein the foliar spray comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of ferrous glycinate, 32 parts of urea, 1.2 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.5 part of catechin, 2 parts of erythritol, 1.3 parts of sodium oleate and 100 parts of water; the root application agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of calcium phosphate, 1.5 parts of dithiosalicylic acid, 52 parts of molasses, 220 parts of bean pulp, 250 parts of wood chips, 42 parts of affine cudweed and 30 parts of ground twister.
3. The conditioner for improving the etiolation of sugarcane ratoon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the nano zinc oxide is 30-50 nm.
4. The conditioner for improving the etiolation of the sugarcane ratoon according to claim 1, wherein the foliar spray is prepared by the following steps: mixing nano zinc oxide, sodium oleate and 20 parts of water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-30 min to obtain a nano zinc oxide suspension; then uniformly stirring ferrous glycinate, urea, catechin, erythritol and the rest water to obtain a mixed solution, and uniformly mixing the nano zinc oxide suspension and the mixed solution to obtain the foliar spray.
5. The conditioner for improving the etiolation of sugarcane ratoon according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the root application agent is as follows:
(1) extracting stems and leaves of affine cudweed and whole plant of native twister euphorbia for 2-3 times by using ethanol with the mass percentage concentration of 70-80% and the weight of 8-10 times of the total plant of affine cudweed respectively, and concentrating and drying an extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain powder;
(2) mixing soybean meal, wood chips, molasses and ferrous sulfate to obtain a mixture, adding water to adjust the water content of the mixture to be 60-70%, then adding a fermentation microbial inoculum accounting for 2-3% of the weight of the mixture, uniformly mixing, and fermenting for 3-5 days to obtain a fermented product;
(3) and (3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (1), the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), calcium phosphate and dithiosalicylic acid to obtain the root application agent.
6. The conditioner for improving the etiolation of the perennial root of the sugarcane according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation inoculant consists of the following strains in parts by weight: 0.5-1 part of bacillus subtilis, 1.5-3 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-2 parts of trichoderma viride and 1-2 parts of aspergillus niger.
7. The use of the conditioner for improving the perennial root yellowing of sugarcane according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the foliar spray is diluted by 300 to 500 times and sprayed on the foliar of sugarcane, and the root application agent is applied in holes for ridging.
8. The application of the conditioner for improving sugarcane ratoon yellowing according to claim 7, wherein the diluted foliar spray is applied at an amount of 50-80L/mu; the dosage of the root application agent is 250-380 kg/mu.
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