CN112500245A - Soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN112500245A CN112500245A CN202011417534.6A CN202011417534A CN112500245A CN 112500245 A CN112500245 A CN 112500245A CN 202011417534 A CN202011417534 A CN 202011417534A CN 112500245 A CN112500245 A CN 112500245A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings, which relates to the technical field of soil conditioners and comprises silkworm wastes, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and microbial agent; the mulberry silkworm waste accounts for 10-89% of the total weight of the soil conditioner, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer accounts for 10-89% of the total weight of the soil conditioner, and the microbial agent accounts for 0.1-2% of the total weight of the soil conditioner. The soil conditioner is prepared by pulverizing silkworm waste, mixing with microbial agent, fermenting, and mixing with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer. The soil conditioner can effectively prevent and control the etiolation of sugarcane seedlings, well improve the yield of the sugarcane, and can achieve the effects of treating both symptoms and root causes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and relates to a soil conditioner which can be applied to ditching during planting of newly planted sugarcane or after cutting of perennial sugarcane.
Background
Sugarcane is a main sugar crop in China, and because the sugarcane belongs to perennial root crops and is continuously planted for a long time, the perennial root sugarcane seedlings often have yellowing phenomenon before, and the growth of the sugarcane seedlings and the yield of the sugarcane are seriously influenced. In the seedling stage of perennial sugarcane, the leaves of the sugarcane seedlings are faded and yellow, the leaves of the whole seedlings are white and even die, the growth of the sugarcane seedlings is seriously influenced, and the yield and the quality of the sucrose are reduced. In recent years, the etiolation of sugarcane seedlings is more and more serious on newly planted sugarcane, and the yield reduction rate of sugarcane in partial areas reaches more than 50%. The prevention and control of the etiolation of the sugarcane seedlings become an urgent problem to be solved. Some researches have been made on many scholars of sugarcane seedlings yellowing, for example, in patent document with application number 201410488672.1, a pesticide fertilizer for preventing and treating sugarcane seedlings yellowing is disclosed, the pesticide fertilizer is mainly used as a foliar spray, the pesticide fertilizer needs to be used after sugarcane seedlings are yellowed, the lasting period is short, headache and foot pain can be relieved, and sugarcane farmers in sugarcane planting areas rarely have the habit of spraying other pesticides and fertilizers except herbicide spraying. The reasons for the yellowing of sugarcane seedlings are complex: the pH of the soil is low, so that the sugarcane absorbs more manganese and aluminum, and the sugarcane seedlings are lack of iron; the deficiency of trace elements in soil also comprises the deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters in soil; accumulation of some phenolic toxic materials in soil, toxic crop roots … … As mentioned above, yellowing of sugarcane seedlings is a complex soil problem, and solving the problem of yellowing of sugarcane seedlings is to begin with conditioning the soil.
China is a source of silkworm production, and has a large number of working population, but wastes generated after silkworm breeding in many rural areas are randomly piled and randomly placed, so that the rural environment is seriously influenced, and the development of the silkworm industry is also influenced. The calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is aluminosilicate glass body containing phosphate radical (PO 43-). The main components comprise Ca3 (PO 4)2, CaSiO3 and MgSiO3, the fertilizer is a multi-element fertilizer, the aqueous solution is alkaline and can improve acid soil, and plants can slowly absorb required nutrients, but the fertilizer is inconvenient to use, and many users do not want to use the fertilizer and need to dig the potential of the fertilizer urgently.
According to the characteristics of sugarcane soil conditions, through years of comparative tests, the soil conditioner is invented, and the soil conditioner consists of silkworm wastes, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and microbial agent, and is cheap and easy to obtain in raw materials and simple to process. The silkworm waste is firstly crushed and then mixed with a microbial agent for fermentation, and then mixed with a certain proportion of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to obtain the product of the invention. The product of the invention can be applied in ditching when newly planted sugarcane is planted or after perennial sugarcane is cut. The product of the invention solves the problem of deterioration of physicochemical and biological properties of soil caused by long-term planting of the sugarcane, achieves the aims of greatly reducing yellowing and improving the yield and quality of the sugarcane, treats both symptoms and root causes of the product, and can fundamentally solve the problem of the yellowing of the sugarcane.
The search shows that no soil conditioner for preventing and treating the etiolation of sugarcane seedlings is found at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a soil conditioner for preventing and treating the etiolation of the sugarcane seedlings, which solves the problem of deterioration of physicochemical and biological properties of soil caused by years of sugarcane continuous cropping, and achieves the aims of greatly reducing the etiolation of the sugarcane seedlings and improving the yield of the sugarcane.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings comprises silkworm waste, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and microbial agent; wherein, the mulberry silkworm waste accounts for 10-89% of the total weight of the soil conditioner, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer accounts for 10-89% of the total weight of the soil conditioner, and the microbial agent accounts for 0.1-2% of the total weight of the soil conditioner.
Further, the soil conditioner is prepared by crushing silkworm waste, mixing the crushed silkworm waste with a microbial agent for fermentation, and mixing the fermented silkworm waste with a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
Further, the silkworm waste is waste generated in a silkworm rearing process of a silkworm farmer, and the waste comprises silkworm excrement, dead silkworms and waste mulberry leaves.
Preferably, the microbial agent is bacillus subtilis.
The soil conditioner can be applied in the process of planting newly planted sugarcane or ditching after perennial sugarcane is cut, and the dosage per mu is generally 20-100 kg. The pesticide fertilizer product can be used independently, can be mixed with other fertilizers and sugarcane pesticide fertilizers according to the fertilizer requirement rule of sugarcane, and can also be used as a carrier or raw material of the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer to be processed into the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer product.
The soil conditioner of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the pH value of the conditioner is 8-9, and the acidity of the soil of the sugarcane planting field can be effectively adjusted, so that the absorption of the sugarcane to manganese, aluminum and the like is reduced, and the iron deficiency symptom of seedlings is relieved;
2. the conditioner disclosed by the invention contains abundant organic matters, so that the organic matters in sugarcane soil can be effectively supplemented, and the influence and damage of toxic substances generated by continuous cropping of sugarcane on the root system of the sugarcane are relieved;
3. the conditioner of the invention contains sufficient various medium and trace elements, and can effectively solve the problem of insufficient medium and trace elements caused by applying NPK only for a long time to sugarcane.
4. The conditioner of the invention contains beneficial element silicon, and the silicon component can not only have positive effect on the growth of the sugarcane, but also have positive and effective inhibition effect on the prevention and treatment of the yellowing of the sugarcane.
5. The conditioner contains the microbial agent, and has good positive promoting effects on promoting the growth of the root system of the sugarcane and activating the soil of the sugarcane.
Therefore, through the cooperation of the five aspects, the conditioner disclosed by the invention can effectively prevent and control the yellowing of sugarcane seedlings, can better improve the yield of the sugarcane, can achieve the effects of treating both symptoms and root causes, and also has the unexpected effect of preventing and controlling the yellowing of citrus.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings takes the following raw materials (taking 1000 kg of production as an example) in proportion: the soil conditioner comprises 100 kg of silkworm wastes, 890 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg of microbial agent, and the soil conditioner is prepared by the steps of crushing the silkworm wastes collected from mulberry growers, mixing the crushed silkworm wastes with the microbial agent for fermentation, and mixing the fermented silkworm wastes with the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer according to the proportion to obtain the product.
The product is applied on base fertilizer of newly planted sugarcane according to the dosage of 20kg, 50 kg and 100 kg per mu and 20kg of sugarcane insecticide fertilizer sugarcane jade respectively, and then sufficient top dressing is carried out according to the fertilizer dosage used by the habit of farmers. The test in the Changzhi Daizhong county of Guangxi indicates: the product can achieve better prevention and control effect on sugarcane yellowing when the usage amount per mu is 20 kg/mu, and the specific test application results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
| Dosage (kilogram/mu) | Yellowing prevention (%) | Sugarcane yield per mu (KG) |
| 20 | 89.5 | 6053 |
| 50 | 95.3 | 6734 |
| 100 | 98.8 | 7089 |
| Control (no conditioner used) | －－ | 5356 |
From the above table 1, it can be seen that the soil conditioner of the present invention has the effects of increasing the yield of sugarcane products and preventing and treating the sugarcane yellowing, and the yield and the sugarcane yellowing prevention effect have certain step increases with the increase of the dosage of the conditioner.
Example 2
A soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings takes the following raw materials (taking 1000 kg of production as an example) in proportion: the soil conditioner comprises 890 kg of silkworm waste, 100 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg of microbial agent, and the soil conditioner is prepared by the steps of crushing silkworm waste collected from mulberry growers, mixing the crushed silkworm waste with the microbial agent for fermentation, and mixing the fermented silkworm waste with the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer according to the proportion to obtain the product.
The product is applied on base fertilizer of newly planted sugarcane according to the dosage of 20kg, 50 kg and 100 kg per mu and 20kg of sugarcane insecticide fertilizer sugarcane jade respectively, and then sufficient top dressing is carried out according to the fertilizer dosage used by the habit of farmers. The Robai county trial in Guangxi Jiangzhou region states: when the using amount of the product per mu reaches 20 kg/mu, a better prevention and treatment effect on yellowing can be achieved, the yield is increased obviously, but the effect is more obvious when the using amount reaches 50 kg/mu; the results of the specific test applications are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2
| Dosage (kilogram/mu) | Yellowing prevention (%) | Sugarcane yield (kilogram/mu) |
| 20 | 65.4 | 5054 |
| 50 | 91.3 | 5452 |
| 100 | 93.2 | 5531 |
| Control (no conditioner used) | －－ | 4128 |
Example 3
A soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings takes the following raw materials (taking 1000 kg of production as an example) in proportion: 500kg of silkworm waste, 499kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 1kg of microbial agent, wherein the soil conditioner is prepared by crushing the silkworm waste collected from mulberry growers, mixing the crushed silkworm waste with the microbial agent for fermentation, and mixing the ground silkworm waste with the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer according to the proportion to obtain the product.
The product is applied to base fertilizer of newly planted sugarcane according to 50 kg per mu, and other products are managed according to the conventional fertilizer and pesticide application habits of farmers. The Robai county trial in Guangxi Jiangzhou region states: the product can achieve better prevention and control effect on yellowing when the dosage per mu is 50 kg/mu, and the yield is increased obviously, and the specific test application results are shown in the following table 3.
TABLE 3
| Dosage (kilogram/mu) | Yellowing prevention (%) | Sugarcane yield (kilogram/mu) |
| 50 | 92.9 | 6953 |
| Control (no conditioner used) | －－ | 5214 |
Example 4
A soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings takes the following raw materials (taking 1000 kg of production as an example) in proportion: the soil conditioner comprises 698 kg of silkworm waste, 300kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 2kg of microbial agent, and the soil conditioner is prepared by crushing silkworm waste collected from mulberry growers, mixing the crushed silkworm waste with the microbial agent for fermentation, and mixing the fermented silkworm waste with the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer according to the proportion to obtain the product.
The product is applied to base fertilizer of newly planted sugarcane according to 50 kg per mu, and other products are managed according to the conventional fertilizer and pesticide application habits of farmers. The Robai county trial in Guangxi Jiangzhou region states: the product can achieve better prevention and control effect on yellowing when the dosage per mu is 50 kg/mu, and the yield is increased obviously, and the specific test application results are shown in the following table 4.
TABLE 4
| Dosage (kilogram/mu) | Yellowing prevention (%) | Sugarcane yield (kilogram/mu) |
| 50 | 88.7 | 5234 |
| Control (no conditioner used) | －－ | 4451 |
Example 5
A soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings takes the following raw materials (taking 1000 kg of production as an example) in proportion: the soil conditioner comprises 680 kg of silkworm wastes, 300kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 20kg of microbial agent, and the soil conditioner is prepared by crushing the silkworm wastes collected from mulberry growers, mixing the crushed silkworm wastes with the microbial agent for fermentation, and mixing the ground silkworm wastes with the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer according to the proportion to obtain the product.
The product is applied to base fertilizer of newly planted sugarcane in an area without yellowing according to 50 kg per mu, and other products are managed according to the conventional fertilizer application and pesticide application habits of farmers. The test in Guangxi Xingbang district Fenghen town explains that: the yield increase effect of the product on the sugarcane without yellowing is also very obvious when the dosage of the product per mu is 50 kg/mu, and the application result of a specific test is shown in the following table 5.
TABLE 5
| Dosage (kilogram/mu) | Sugarcane yield (kilogram/mu) |
| 50 | 7543 |
| Control (no conditioner used) | 6683 |
Example 6
A soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings takes the following raw materials (taking 1000 kg of production as an example) in proportion: the mulberry silkworm waste is 499kg, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 500kg and the microbial inoculum is 1kg, the processing process of the product is that the mulberry silkworm waste collected from mulberry growers is firstly crushed and then mixed with the microbial inoculum for fermentation, and then the product is mixed with the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer according to the proportion to obtain the product.
The product is applied after perennial sugarcane is harvested according to 50 kg per mu in a ditching way, and other products are managed according to the conventional fertilizer and pesticide application habits of farmers. The Robai county trial in Guangxi Jiangzhou region states: the product can achieve better prevention and control effect on yellowing when the dosage per mu is 50 kg/mu, and the yield is increased obviously, and the specific test application results are shown in the following table 6.
TABLE 6
| Dosage (kilogram/mu) | Yellowing prevention (%) | Sugarcane yield (kilogram/mu) |
| 50 | 75.4 | 4326 |
| Control | －－ | 3657 |
Example 7
A soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings takes the following raw materials (taking 1000 kg of production as an example) in proportion: 497 kg of silkworm waste, 498kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 5kg of microbial agent, wherein the soil conditioner is prepared by crushing silkworm waste collected from mulberry growers, mixing the crushed silkworm waste with the microbial agent for fermentation, and mixing the fermented silkworm waste with the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in the proportion to obtain the product.
The product is applied to ratoon sugarcane in the area without yellowing according to 50 kg per mu, and other products are managed according to the conventional fertilizer application and pesticide application habits of farmers. The test in Guangxi Xingbang district Fenghen town explains that: the yield increase effect of the product on the sugarcane without yellowing is also very obvious when the dosage of the product per mu is 50 kg/mu, and the application results of specific tests are shown in the following table 7.
TABLE 7
| Dosage (kilogram/mu) | Sugarcane yield (kilogram/mu) |
| 50 | 7815 |
| Photo-alignment | 6883 |
Example 8
A soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings takes the following raw materials (taking 1000 kg of production as an example) in proportion: the production process comprises the steps of crushing the mulberry silkworm waste collected from mulberry growers, mixing the crushed mulberry silkworm waste with the microbial agent for fermentation, and mixing the crushed mulberry silkworm waste with the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer according to the proportion to obtain the product.
The product is applied on the citrus which is yellowed according to 5kg of each plant, and the effect is very obvious after 1 month, and the citrus also begins to turn green and recover growth.
From the implementation of example 8, it can be seen that the soil conditioner of the present invention can be used for preventing and treating not only yellowing of sugarcane seedlings but also yellowing of citrus, and the application effect is significant.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings is characterized by comprising silkworm wastes, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and a microbial agent.
2. The soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mulberry silkworm waste accounts for 10-89% of the total weight of the soil conditioner, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer accounts for 10-89% of the total weight of the soil conditioner, and the microbial agent accounts for 0.1-2% of the total weight of the soil conditioner.
3. The soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silkworm waste is waste generated in silkworm rearing process by silkworm farmers, and the waste comprises silkworm excrement, dead silkworms and waste mulberry leaves.
4. The soil conditioner for preventing and treating yellowing of sugarcane seedlings, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis.
5. A preparation method of the soil conditioner for preventing and treating etiolation of sugarcane seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the soil conditioner is prepared by crushing silkworm wastes, mixing the crushed silkworm wastes with a microbial agent for fermentation, and mixing the fermented product with a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
6. A method for using the soil conditioner for controlling yellowing of sugarcane seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the soil conditioner can be applied in ditches when newly planted sugarcane is planted or after perennial sugarcane is cut.
7. Use of a soil conditioner for the control of yellowing of sugarcane seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the soil conditioner is also used for the yellowing of citrus.
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| CN114394864A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Conditioner for improving sugarcane ratoon yellowing and application thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Application publication date: 20210316 |