CN106386148A - High-efficiency ratoon sugarcane cultivation method - Google Patents
High-efficiency ratoon sugarcane cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386148A CN106386148A CN201610918857.0A CN201610918857A CN106386148A CN 106386148 A CN106386148 A CN 106386148A CN 201610918857 A CN201610918857 A CN 201610918857A CN 106386148 A CN106386148 A CN 106386148A
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- sacchari sinensis
- caulis sacchari
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency ratoon sugarcane cultivation method and belongs to the technical field of agricultural high-yield culture. The method is technically characterized in that the variety with strong ratoon is utilized, the root shovel time avoids December to January of the next year, and the root shoveling is not performed when the soil temperature is lower than -2 DEG C; in a ratoon management period, fertilizers are applied twice in one growth period, the fertilizer nutrient proportion is N to P2O5 to K2O = 26 to 12 to 4 and N to P2O5 to K2O = 26 to 12 to 10, the early content of the K2O is 4%, and the later content of the K2O is increased to 10%; the sugarcane sugar can be improved by 15% or above. Compared with a traditional method, the high-efficiency ratoon sugarcane cultivation method can effectively save 4 labor workers for weeding, avoids chemical herbicide, reduces fertilizer application times, saves 2 to 4 workers for applied fertilizer, improves the sugarcane yield by 0.5 to 3 tons per mu and is easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural year technical field of cultivation is and in particular to a kind of efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane.
Background technology
Caulis Sacchari sinensis are perennial root crops, manage the planting once sustainable results 3-7 that puts in place.Growing cane is China south
One of Main Means of square hot-zone peasant programme, the labour force that ratoon sugarcane management puts into is few, and planting cost is relatively low, early raw
Fast, early growth is fast, and same kind technical maturity shifts to an earlier date 20-30 days than planting Caulis Sacchari sinensis, is conducive to sugar enterprise more certainly
By arrangement Caulis Sacchari sinensis cut fortune squeeze.Because perennial root cultivation management is improper in the actual production of Caulis Sacchari sinensis, ratoon sugarcane yield with respect to
Planting sugarcane yield reduces 1-3 ton/mu, and the Leifsonia time limit significantly shortens, and increased the kind sugarcane cost of peasant.Peasant plants sugarcane effect
Benefit it is critical only that the high yield high yield of perennial root, thus ratoon sugarcane produce in the urgent need to new implantation methods, to solve sugarcane district
The problems such as manpower shortage, field are polluted.
Content of the invention
The invention aims to solution the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane,
It is managed according to the inventive method, a large amount of labour force's recruitments can be saved, and yield and sugared part are greatly improved.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane, comprises the steps：
Step（1）, the planting cane planting time is selected in the November of the 2-3 month or the previous year, deep loose plough, sugarcane ditch depth 30-35cm, ditch
Bottom width 19-21cm, line-spacing 0.9-1.2m；
During plantation, every mu of lower bud amount 6500-8500 bud, applies size-reduced bagasse 250-500kg/ mu after lower bud and Caulis Sacchari sinensis are special
With the mixture of high-concentration slow-release fertilizer 29.5-30.5kg/ mu, earthing 5-10cm thickness, pour water afterwards, then use Caulis Sacchari sinensis special double
Color physical weed control mulch film carries out full-film covering；Particle diameter≤the 2cm of described bagasse；
The fertile N of the special high-concentration slow-release of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis:P2O5:K2O=24:12:6；
The 5-6 month, through row intertillage management, applies Caulis Sacchari sinensis Special slow release fertilizer 39-41kg/ mu, and ridging 5-8cm is thick afterwards；Described Caulis Sacchari sinensis
The N of Special slow release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:8；
August part supplements strong tail fertilizer, and strong tail fertilizer adopts carbamide, and amount of application is 14.9-15.1kg/ mu；
Receipts are cut the selection of time November or next year 2-3 month then, receive after cutting, and shovel the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day, are retained on kind of stem during the shovel root and stem of certain plants
The all of bud of below face 2-3cm, shines the root and stem of certain plants 3-5 days to the shrivelled receipts water of sugarcane stake undercut, shovels the root and stem of certain plants and mend in time at the place of being short of seedling simultaneously after the shovel root and stem of certain plants
Seedling；
Step（2）, sugarcane stake undercut shrivelled receive water after apply Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer 39-41kg/ mu, fertilizer placement away from
Sugarcane stake 14-16cm, timely earthing after fertilising, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm；The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:
K2O=26:12:4；
Step（3）, step（2）Entered using the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of the wide Caulis Sacchari sinensis of 1.45-1.55m in 1-2 days after fertilising
Row full-film covering, epiphragma direction is vertical with sugarcane ditch direction, and native table is close to by mulch film, and sugarcane ditch film overlying soil pressure is tight compact, thickness of earth covering
2-3cm；
Step（4）, next year, Caulis Sacchari sinensis entered jointing trophophase by the end of April to mid-May, after taking off film, special for Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration were delayed control
It is manured into soil together with releasing after sharp victory 10-15g fertile and that mass fraction is 70% mixes；
The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:10, amount of application is 49-51kg/ mu；
Step（5）, carry out receipts and cut according to the precocious characteristic of ratoon sugarcane or according to the requirement that enters to squeeze in sugar refinery, receive the 2- that buries when cutting
5cm, receives after cutting, shovels the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day.
It is further preferred that planting sugar cane breed be cloud sugarcane 05-51, Guangdong sugar 00-236, Liucheng 05-136, good fortune agriculture 38
Number, Fujian sugar 69-421, new platform sugar No. 22, Guangdong sugar 93-159 or cloud sugarcane 99-91.
It is further preferred that step（1）Described in bagasse particle diameter be less than 0.5cm.
It is further preferred that the top layer silver color of the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of Caulis Sacchari sinensis increases illumination and pest,
Bottom is made up of green color masterbatch and the mixing of black color masterbatch, and light transmittance 15%-30% is it is allowed to the green glow that wavelength is 490nm-570nm leads to
Cross.
Compared with prior art, its advantage is the present invention：
（1）The efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane of the present invention, using the strong kind of perennial root, avoids hypothermic phase and is managed, newly
Phytyl is fertile fertile using size-reduced bagasse and the special high-concentration slow-release of Caulis Sacchari sinensis, improves soil nutrient, loose stubble cane low level bud
Surrounding soil, recycles sugaring garbage；Full-film covering is carried out using the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of Caulis Sacchari sinensis, is not affecting
Under conditions of Caulis Sacchari sinensis emerge, can avoid using herbicide, reduce farmland pollution；Perennial root uses the special high concentration of Caulis Sacchari sinensis to delay controlled release
Fertilizer, improves sugarcane yield and sugared part.
（2）The present invention avoids January December to next year shovel root and stem of certain plants time, it is to avoid carry out when the soil moisture is less than -2 DEG C shoveling the root and stem of certain plants.
During perennial root management, a growth cycle applies 2 fertilizer, and fertilizer nutrient ratio is respectively N:P2O5:K2O=26:12:4
And N:P2O5:K2O=26:12:10.K2O content early stage content 4%, later stage content improves to 10%, and cane suger part can be promoted to improve
More than 15%；
（3）According to the operational approach of the present invention, compared with traditional method, the effectively save weeding labour force's recruitment of energy 4, do not use
Chemical herbicide, and decrease the number of times of fertilising, save fertilising recruitment 2-4 people, sugarcane production-increasing 0.5-3 ton/mu, Sucrose Content increases
It is easy to popularization and application more than plus 15%.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting this
Bright scope.Unreceipted particular technique or condition person in embodiment, according to the technology described by document in the art or condition
Or carry out according to product description.Product used or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are and can pass through what purchase obtain
Conventional products.
In the present invention if no special instructions, percentage sign refers to mass percent.
The special high-concentration slow-release of Caulis Sacchari sinensis is fertile to be purchased from Dali prefecture great Wei Fei industry Co., Ltd, and colored mountain board N (24) of model-
P2O5(12)-K2O(6).
Caulis Sacchari sinensis Special slow release fertilizer is purchased from Dali prefecture great Wei Fei industry Co., Ltd, and model spends mountain board N (26)-P2O5(12)-
K2O(8).
Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer is purchased from Dali prefecture great Wei Fei industry Co., Ltd, and model spends mountain board N (26)-P2O5
(12)-K2O(4).
Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer is purchased from Dali prefecture great Wei Fei industry Co., Ltd, and colored mountain board N (26) of model-
P2O5(12)-K2O(10).
The special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of Caulis Sacchari sinensis is purchased from sugarcane grower's industry science and technology limited Company in Yunnan.
Embodiment of the present invention step（5）The middle characteristic precocious according to ratoon sugarcane or entering to squeeze requirement and received according to sugar refinery
Cut, receive and cut the time and be conventionally determined, no particular/special requirement
Embodiment 1
A kind of efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane, comprises the steps：
Step（1）, the planting cane planting time is selected in the November of the previous year, deep loose plough, sugarcane ditch depth 30cm, ditch bottom width 19cm,
Line-spacing 0.9m；Planting sugar cane breed is sugared No. 22 of new platform；
During plantation, every mu of lower bud amount 6500 bud, apply size-reduced bagasse 250kg/ mu and the special high concentration of Caulis Sacchari sinensis after lower bud
The mixture of slow-release fertilizer 29.5kg/ mu, earthing 5cm is thick, pours water afterwards, is then entered with the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of Caulis Sacchari sinensis
Row full-film covering；Particle diameter≤the 2cm of described bagasse；
The fertile N of the special high-concentration slow-release of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis:P2O5:K2O=24:12:6；
The 5-6 month, through row intertillage management, applies Caulis Sacchari sinensis Special slow release fertilizer 39kg/ mu, and ridging 5cm is thick afterwards；Described Caulis Sacchari sinensis are special
The N of slow-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:8；
August part supplements strong tail fertilizer, and strong tail fertilizer adopts carbamide, and amount of application is 14.9kg/ mu；
Receipts are cut selection of time November then, receive after cutting, and shovel the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day, are retained in below 2cm institute above kind of stem during the shovel root and stem of certain plants
Some buds, shine the root and stem of certain plants 3-5 days to the shrivelled receipts water of sugarcane stake undercut, shovel the root and stem of certain plants and fill the gaps with seedlings in time at the place of being short of seedling simultaneously after the shovel root and stem of certain plants；
Step（2）, apply Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer 39kg/ mu after sugarcane stake undercut shrivelled receipts water, fertilizer placement is away from sugarcane
Stake 14cm, timely earthing after fertilising, thickness of earth covering is 3cm；The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:
12:4；
Step（3）, step（2）Apply fertilizer and full film is carried out using the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of the wide Caulis Sacchari sinensis of 1.45m in latter 1 day and cover
Lid, epiphragma direction is vertical with sugarcane ditch direction, and native table is close to by mulch film, and sugarcane ditch film overlying soil pressure is tight compact, 2 width film overlap 3-5cm, covers
Soil thickness 2cm；
Step（4）, next year, Caulis Sacchari sinensis entered jointing trophophase by the end of April to mid-May, after taking off film, special for Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration were delayed control
It is manured into soil together with releasing after sharp victory 10g fertile and that mass fraction is 70% mixes；
The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:10, amount of application is 49kg/ mu；Increase potash fertilizer
Applicating ratio, is conducive to improving cane suger part and resistance, is that coming year perennial root lays the first stone；
Mass fraction is that 70% sharp victory is easily sent out an insect to thrips, snout moths larva, cotten aphid etc. and can be carried out effective prevention and control；
Step（5）, carry out receipts and cut according to the precocious characteristic of ratoon sugarcane or according to the requirement that enters to squeeze in sugar refinery, the sugarcane harvesting time is
Second Year November 30.Bury when receipts are cut 2cm, receives after cutting, shovels the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day.
The present embodiment method compared with traditional conventional method, result such as table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
A kind of efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane, comprises the steps：
Step（1）, the planting cane planting time is selected in 2 months, deep loose plough, sugarcane ditch depth 35cm, ditch bottom width 21cm, line-spacing 1.2m；
Planting sugar cane breed is Guangdong sugar 93-159；
During plantation, every mu of lower bud amount 8500 bud, apply size-reduced bagasse 500kg/ mu and the special high concentration of Caulis Sacchari sinensis after lower bud
The mixture of slow-release fertilizer 30.5kg/ mu, earthing 10cm is thick, pours water afterwards, then uses the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of Caulis Sacchari sinensis
Carry out full-film covering；Particle diameter≤the 0.5cm of described bagasse；
The fertile N of the special high-concentration slow-release of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis:P2O5:K2O=24:12:6；
The 5-6 month, through row intertillage management, applies Caulis Sacchari sinensis Special slow release fertilizer 41kg/ mu, and ridging 8cm is thick afterwards；Described Caulis Sacchari sinensis are special
The N of slow-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:8；
August part supplements strong tail fertilizer, and strong tail fertilizer adopts carbamide, and amount of application is 15.1kg/ mu；
Receipts cut selection of time next year 2 months, receive after cutting, and shovel the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day, be retained in below 3cm above kind of stem and own during the shovel root and stem of certain plants
Bud, shine root and stem of certain plants 3-5 days after the shovel root and stem of certain plants to the shrivelled receipts water of sugarcane stake undercut, shovel the root and stem of certain plants and fill the gaps with seedlings in time at the place of being short of seedling simultaneously；
Step（2）, apply Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer 41kg/ mu after sugarcane stake undercut shrivelled receipts water, fertilizer placement is away from sugarcane
Stake 16cm, timely earthing after fertilising, thickness of earth covering is 5cm；The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:
12:4；
Step（3）, step（2）Apply fertilizer and full film is carried out using the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of the wide Caulis Sacchari sinensis of 1.55m in latter 2 days and cover
Lid, epiphragma direction is vertical with sugarcane ditch direction, and native table is close to by mulch film, and sugarcane ditch film overlying soil pressure is tight compact, thickness of earth covering 3cm；
Step（4）, next year, Caulis Sacchari sinensis entered jointing trophophase by the end of April to mid-May, after taking off film, special for Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration were delayed control
It is manured into soil together with releasing after sharp victory 15g fertile and that mass fraction is 70% mixes；
The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:10, amount of application is 51kg/ mu；
Step（5）, carry out receipts and cut according to the precocious characteristic of ratoon sugarcane or according to the requirement that enters to squeeze in sugar refinery, receive the 5cm that buries when cutting,
After receipts are cut, shovel the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day.
The top layer silver color of the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis increases illumination and pest, and bottom is by green
Color masterbatch and black color masterbatch mixing composition, light transmittance 15%-30% is it is allowed to the green glow that wavelength is 490nm-570nm passes through.
The present embodiment method compared with traditional conventional method, result such as table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 3
A kind of efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane, comprises the steps：
Step（1）, the planting cane planting time is selected in March, deep loose plough, sugarcane ditch depth 32cm, ditch bottom width 20cm, line-spacing 1m；Newly
Planting sugar cane breed is Guangdong sugar 00-236；
During plantation, every mu of lower bud amount 7500 bud, apply size-reduced bagasse 400kg/ mu and the special high concentration of Caulis Sacchari sinensis after lower bud
The mixture of slow-release fertilizer 30kg/ mu, earthing 7cm is thick, pours water afterwards, is then carried out with the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of Caulis Sacchari sinensis
Full-film covering；Particle diameter≤the 1cm of described bagasse；
The fertile N of the special high-concentration slow-release of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis:P2O5:K2O=24:12:6；
The 5-6 month, through row intertillage management, applies Caulis Sacchari sinensis Special slow release fertilizer 40kg/ mu, and ridging 6cm is thick afterwards；Described Caulis Sacchari sinensis are special
The N of slow-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:8；
August part supplements strong tail fertilizer, and strong tail fertilizer adopts carbamide, and amount of application is 15kg/ mu；
Receipts are cut selection of time March next year then, receive after cutting, shovel the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day, be retained in during the shovel root and stem of certain plants above kind of stem 2.5cm with
Under all of bud, shine root and stem of certain plants 3-5 days after the shovel root and stem of certain plants to the shrivelled receipts water of sugarcane stake undercut, shovel the root and stem of certain plants and fill the gaps with seedlings in time at the place of being short of seedling simultaneously；
Step（2）, apply Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer 40kg/ mu after sugarcane stake undercut shrivelled receipts water, fertilizer placement is away from sugarcane
Stake 15cm, timely earthing after fertilising, thickness of earth covering is 4cm；The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:
12:4；
Step（3）, step（2）Apply fertilizer and full film is carried out using the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of the wide Caulis Sacchari sinensis of 1.5m in latter 1.5 days
Cover, epiphragma direction is vertical with sugarcane ditch direction, and native table is close to by mulch film, and sugarcane ditch film overlying soil pressure is tight compact, thickness of earth covering 2.5cm；
Step（4）, next year, Caulis Sacchari sinensis entered jointing trophophase by the end of April to mid-May, after taking off film, special for Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration were delayed control
It is manured into soil together with releasing after sharp victory 13g fertile and that mass fraction is 70% mixes；
The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:10, amount of application is 50kg/ mu；
Step（5）, carry out receipts and cut according to the precocious characteristic of ratoon sugarcane or according to the requirement that enters to squeeze in sugar refinery, receive the 4cm that buries when cutting,
After receipts are cut, shovel the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day.
The top layer silver color of the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of Caulis Sacchari sinensis increases illumination and pest, bottom by green color masterbatch and
Black color masterbatch mixing composition, light transmittance 15%-30% is it is allowed to the green glow that wavelength is 490nm-570nm passes through.
The present embodiment method compared with traditional conventional method, result such as table 3.
Table 3
Embodiment 4
A kind of efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane, comprises the steps：
Step（1）, the planting cane planting time is selected in mid-February, deep loose plough, sugarcane ditch depth 31cm, ditch bottom width 20cm, line-spacing
1.1m；Planting sugar cane breed is Liucheng 05-136；
During plantation, every mu of lower bud amount 7000 bud, apply size-reduced bagasse 400kg/ mu and the special high concentration of Caulis Sacchari sinensis after lower bud
The mixture of slow-release fertilizer 29.8kg/ mu, earthing 7cm is thick, pours water afterwards, is then entered with the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of Caulis Sacchari sinensis
Row full-film covering；Particle diameter≤the 0.4cm of described bagasse；
The fertile N of the special high-concentration slow-release of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis:P2O5:K2O=24:12:6；
The 5-6 month, through row intertillage management, applies Caulis Sacchari sinensis Special slow release fertilizer 40kg/ mu, and ridging 6cm is thick afterwards；Described Caulis Sacchari sinensis are special
The N of slow-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:8；
August part supplements strong tail fertilizer, and strong tail fertilizer adopts carbamide, and amount of application is 14.95kg/ mu；
Receipts are cut selection of time March next year, receive after cutting, and shovel the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day, be retained in below 3cm above kind of stem and own during the shovel root and stem of certain plants
Bud, shine root and stem of certain plants 3-5 days after the shovel root and stem of certain plants to the shrivelled receipts water of sugarcane stake undercut, shovel the root and stem of certain plants and fill the gaps with seedlings in time at the place of being short of seedling simultaneously；
Step（2）, sugarcane stake undercut shrivelled receive water after apply Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer 40.5kg/ mu, fertilizer placement away from
Sugarcane stake 14.5cm, timely earthing after fertilising, thickness of earth covering is 3.5cm；The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O
=26:12:4；
Step（3）, step（2）Apply fertilizer and full film is carried out using the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of the wide Caulis Sacchari sinensis of 1.48m in latter 1.8 days
Cover, epiphragma direction is vertical with sugarcane ditch direction, and native table is close to by mulch film, and sugarcane ditch film overlying soil pressure is tight compact, thickness of earth covering 2.3cm；
Step（4）, next year, Caulis Sacchari sinensis entered jointing trophophase by the end of April to mid-May, after taking off film, special for Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration were delayed control
It is manured into soil together with releasing after sharp victory 12g fertile and that mass fraction is 70% mixes；
The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:10, amount of application is 50kg/ mu；
Step（5）, carry out receipts and cut according to the precocious characteristic of ratoon sugarcane or according to the requirement that enters to squeeze in sugar refinery, receive the 4cm that buries when cutting,
After receipts are cut, shovel the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day.
The present embodiment method compared with traditional conventional method, result such as table 4.
Table 4
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 5 is identical with the method for embodiment 4, and difference is, the planting sugar cane breed of employing is cloud sugarcane 99-91.
The present embodiment method compared with traditional conventional method, result such as table 5.
Table 5
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 6 is identical with the method for embodiment 4, and difference is, the planting sugar cane breed of employing is good fortune agriculture 38.
The present embodiment method compared with traditional conventional method, result such as table 6.
Table 6
Common process steps described in the embodiment of the present invention are as follows：
Step（1）, planted new plant cane, added strong tail fertile：New plant cane is cultivated, and will select strong perennial root high yield and high sugar kind, specification
Cultivation.On the basis of early stage is strengthened management, mid or late August, add strong tail fertilizer, apply carbon ammonium 20～30kg for every mu, and carry out a small amount of
Ridging, general ridging thickness is 3cm, maintains Caulis Sacchari sinensis middle and late stage vigorous growth and increases sugarcane root and stem of certain plants nutrition, creates stubble cane rich
Produce basic condition.
Step（2）, harvest, fast hoe is low to be cut, and protects the sugarcane root and stem of certain plants in good time：For ensureing sugarcane root and stem of certain plants sprouting of lateral bud, new plant cane should select " vertical
Spring " receives afterwards and cuts preferably, cut the sharp hoe of sugarcane bury 2～5cm put down cut it is desirable to sugarcane stake do not reveal outer.
Step（3）, using covering with ground sheeting it is ensured that the Temperature and water content in soil of sprouting of lateral bud：Stubble cane is applied through opening the ridge pine root and stem of certain plants
After fertile time soil, every mu of selection 40% green bristlegrass goes to restrain (G-30027) 200～250mL, 40% Yiyoushui 100～150mL or 50% Tianjin
The bud pre-treatment herbicide of second companion 100～150mL, is watered and sprays sugarcane root and stem of certain plants both sides soil, epiphragma immediately.Overlay film is from wide
60cm, the mulch film of thick 0.008～0.012mm, both sides are respectively pressed into 7～8 it is ensured that 40cm transparent surface, compress compacting with fine earth, increase
Temperature soil moisture conservation, promotes sprouting of lateral bud growth.
Step（4）, open the ridge pine root and stem of certain plants early, fill and send out strain water：Frostless sugarcane district and light frost sugarcane district carry out out ridge after harvesting sugarcane
The loose root and stem of certain plants, has white sugarcane district just can open the ridge pine root and stem of certain plants after will waiting late frost.Open ridge and leave sugarcane head 3～5cm and open, not damage near sugarcane head again
Hinder sugarcane head to be advisable, depth is basseted close to sugarcane head base portion, sugarcane head at least 1/2, the loose root and stem of certain plants requires the earthing between sugarcane head to unclamp,
Keep sugarcane base 3～5cm soil layer motionless, be beneficial to and improve soil aeration situation it is ensured that sugarcane head obtains sufficient oxygen promotes sprouting.Pine
Carry out after the root and stem of certain plants shining the root and stem of certain plants 15～20 days about, improve the soil moisture, filled in time according to soil moisture content after shining the root and stem of certain plants and send out strain water, with shallow water mistake
Ditch is advisable, and prevents field ponding.
Step（5）, management of topdressing early：Sugarcane field fills after sending out strain water, takes advantage of soil moisture content suitably, and every mu adopts 1000kg farmers'
Fertile and carbamide 20kg, general calcium 30～40kg, potassium sulfate (or potassium chloride) 15～20kg puddle and apply as base fertilizer, then return soil and cover
Lid.Have the subterranean pest-insects such as sugarcane Testudiniss, snout moths larva harm sugarcane to be prevented and treated using corresponding pesticide.Early raw fast according to stubble cane
Send out, extend greatly the feature of morning phase, mid or late May, every mu of employing 40～50kg carbamide (or other nitrogenous fertilizer) and general calcium 30～40kg,
Impose in time and attack stem fertilizer；
Stubble cane early growth is fast, and fertilizer requirement is big, later stage easily de- fertilizer, and mid or late August should be added strong tail fertilizer in time, impose on root,
Appropriate ridging.
Step（6）, prevent and treat disease pest and weed in time
The ratoon sugarcane techniques of pest control are identical with planting Caulis Sacchari sinensis.
Ultimate principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
, it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description is originally for personnel
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Change and improvement both falls within scope of the claimed invention.Claimed scope by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane is it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
Step（1）, the planting cane planting time is selected in the November of the 2-3 month or the previous year, deep loose plough, sugarcane ditch depth 30-35cm, ditch
Bottom width 19-21cm, line-spacing 0.9-1.2m；
During plantation, every mu of lower bud amount 6500-8500 bud, applies size-reduced bagasse 250-500kg/ mu after lower bud and Caulis Sacchari sinensis are special
With the mixture of high-concentration slow-release fertilizer 29.5-30.5kg/ mu, earthing 5-10cm thickness, pour water afterwards, then use Caulis Sacchari sinensis special double
Color physical weed control mulch film carries out full-film covering；Particle diameter≤the 2cm of described bagasse；
The fertile N of the special high-concentration slow-release of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis:P2O5:K2O=24:12:6；
The 5-6 month, through row intertillage management, applies Caulis Sacchari sinensis Special slow release fertilizer 39-41kg/ mu, and ridging 5-8cm is thick afterwards；Described Caulis Sacchari sinensis
The N of Special slow release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:8；
August part supplements strong tail fertilizer, and strong tail fertilizer adopts carbamide, and amount of application is 14.9-15.1kg/ mu；
Receipts are cut the selection of time November or next year 2-3 month then, receive after cutting, and shovel the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day, are retained on kind of stem during the shovel root and stem of certain plants
The all of bud of below face 2-3cm, shines the root and stem of certain plants 3-5 days to the shrivelled receipts water of sugarcane stake undercut, shovels the root and stem of certain plants and mend in time at the place of being short of seedling simultaneously after the shovel root and stem of certain plants
Seedling；
Step（2）, sugarcane stake undercut shrivelled receive water after apply Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer 39-41kg/ mu, fertilizer placement away from
Sugarcane stake 14-16cm, timely earthing after fertilising, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm；The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:
K2O=26:12:4；
Step（3）, step（2）Entered using the special double-colored physical weed control mulch film of the wide Caulis Sacchari sinensis of 1.45-1.55m in 1-2 days after fertilising
Row full-film covering, epiphragma direction is vertical with sugarcane ditch direction, and native table is close to by mulch film, and sugarcane ditch film overlying soil pressure is tight compact, thickness of earth covering
2-3cm；
Step（4）, next year, Caulis Sacchari sinensis entered jointing trophophase by the end of April to mid-May, after taking off film, special for Caulis Sacchari sinensis high concentration were delayed control
It is manured into soil together with releasing after sharp victory 10-15g fertile and that mass fraction is 70% mixes；
The N of described Caulis Sacchari sinensis special high concentration slow-release or control-release fertilizer:P2O5:K2O=26:12:10, amount of application is 49-51kg/ mu；
Step（5）, carry out receipts and cut according to the precocious characteristic of ratoon sugarcane or according to the requirement that enters to squeeze in sugar refinery, receive the 2- that buries when cutting
5cm, receives after cutting, shovels the root and stem of certain plants in time in fine day.
2. the efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that planting sugar cane breed is cloud sugarcane
05-51, Guangdong sugar 00-236, Liucheng 05-136, good fortune agriculture 38, Fujian sugar 69-421, new platform sugar 22, Guangdong sugar 93-159 or cloud sugarcane
99-91.
3. the efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（1）Described in sweet
The particle diameter of bagasse is less than 0.5cm.
4. the efficient cultivation method of ratoon sugarcane according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the special double-colored physics of Caulis Sacchari sinensis removes
The top layer of meadow film is silver color, and bottom is made up of green color masterbatch and the mixing of black color masterbatch, and light transmittance 15%-30% is it is allowed to wavelength is
The green glow of 490nm-570nm passes through.
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| CN110352824A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of full-film mulching and planting method of sugarcane |
| CN113748947A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for promoting root growth of perennial sugarcane after mechanical harvesting |
| CN114128465A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-03-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for managing perennial sugarcane by utilizing sugarcane straw field fermentation |
| CN114902927A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-16 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Sugarcane planting method convenient for mulching film recovery |
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| CN114128465A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-03-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for managing perennial sugarcane by utilizing sugarcane straw field fermentation |
| CN114902927A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-16 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Sugarcane planting method convenient for mulching film recovery |
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