CN113636848A - 一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,包括石墨废料破碎磨粉、煤沥青加热混合、模具压制成型、气氛保护碳化烧结,其中80~90%的废旧石墨粉、8~15%的煤沥青、2~5%的石墨碳粉,本发明充分利用工业生产产生的大量石墨废料作为原料,生产成本低,节省了切削加工工序,工艺简单易实现,利用气氛保护辊道窑快速碳化烧结,烧结时间短且产品质量稳定,产量高,大幅降低能耗,且产品质量稳定。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法。
背景技术
石墨匣钵是采用天然鳞片石墨(人造石墨)、腊石、碳化硅等原料制成的高级耐火器皿,供冶炼、熔铸铜、铝、锌、铅、金、银以及各种材料烧结之用,具有抗高温,耐冲击,使用寿命长等优点,通常作为高温载体中的容器。
传统的石墨匣钵是先将石墨原料成型石墨化后通过机械切削加工而成的,生产成本高,原材料消耗大。
石墨废料是在工业生产环节产生的,如高温提纯石墨化过程中产生的废旧石墨坩埚、破碎的石墨电极、石墨化收尘粉末等已经过一次或多次石墨化的废料,回收利用率极低。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足,提供一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,利用石墨废料、石墨化收尘粉末作为主要原料,节省了石墨化工序,废物利用原料成本低,节省切削加工设备及其耗能。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明通过下述技术方案得以解决:一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,包括以下步骤:1)对收集的石墨废料进行除杂质处理;2)原料配方以重量百分比计,将80~90%的石墨废料破碎磨粉、8~15%的煤沥青、2~5%的碳粉填充剂,将上述原料进行充分混合搅拌为混合料;3)将所述混合料装入成型模具中压制成型,坯体入气氛保护辊道式焙烧炭化炉经预热、定型碳化、烧结、冷却、出炉;4)清除毛刺制得石墨匣钵产品。
上述技术方案中,所述石墨废料为废旧石墨坩埚、破碎的石墨电极、石墨化收尘粉末等。
上述技术方案中,所述煤沥青为煤干馏得到的煤焦油再经蒸馏加工制成的沥青,也可为煤沥青和石油沥青按适当比例混合的混合沥青。
上述技术方案中,所述碳粉为石墨产品加工产生的石墨粉。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:本发明充分利用工业生产产生的大量石墨废料作为原料,生产成本低,节省了切削加工工序,工艺简单易实现,利用气氛保护辊道窑快速碳化烧结,烧结时间短且产品质量稳定,产量高,大幅降低能耗,且产品质量稳定。
附图说明
附图1是利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的流程图
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述:一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,包括以下步骤:1)对收集的石墨废料进行除杂质等处理,破碎磨粉200目过筛;2)原料配方按重量百分比计,将80~90%的废旧石墨粉、8~15%的煤沥青、2~5%的石墨碳粉,将上述原料充分混合搅拌均匀制得混合料,其中煤沥青需要加热至180-200℃充分溶解,便于混合搅拌均匀;3)将所述混合料装入已涂刷脱模剂的模具中,用压力机压制成型,送入气氛保护的辊道式碳化烧结炉经预热、定型碳化、烧结、冷却、出炉;4)将出炉石墨匣钵坯体清除毛刺成为产品。
石墨匣钵坯体碳化烧结过程大约需要60~90分钟,先将压制成型的石墨匣钵坯体承烧板上,经传送机构输送入碳化烧结炉,混合料坯体在煤沥青的碳化温度以下(200~300℃左右)进行预热20~30分钟,让沥青充分熔融坯体定型,然后尽快将坯体加热到碳化温度450-650℃左右,定型碳化时间为10-20分钟,同时进一步排出挥发份。在850~1150℃时完成坯体烧结,烧结时间为20-30分钟,烧结完成利用氮气保护冷却,同时氮气也起到烧结时防止坯体氧化的作用,冷却过程约10~20分钟,坯体冷却后出炉,最后经清除毛刺成为石墨匣钵成品。
Claims (9)
1.一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,包括以下步骤:1)对收集的石墨废料进行除杂质处理;2)原料配方以重量百分比计,将80~90%的石墨废料破碎磨粉、8~15%的煤沥青、2~5%的碳粉填充剂,将上述原料进行充分混合搅拌为混合料;3)将所述混合料装入成型模具中压制成型为坯体,坯体入气氛保护辊道式焙烧炭化炉经预热、定型碳化、烧结、冷却、出炉;4)清除毛刺制得石墨匣钵产品。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,所述石墨废料为废旧石墨坩埚、破碎的石墨电极、石墨化收尘粉末。
3.根据权利要求书1所述的一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,所述煤沥青为煤干馏得到的煤焦油再经蒸馏加工制成的沥青或煤沥青和石油沥青按适当比例混合的混合沥青。
4.根据权利要求书1所述的一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,所述碳粉为石墨产品加工产生的石墨粉。
5.根据权利要求书1所述的一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,所述将上述原料进行充分混合搅拌为混合料,其中煤沥青需要加热至180-200℃充分溶解。
6.根据权利要求书1所述的一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,所述石墨匣钵坯体碳化烧结过程需要60~90分钟,先将压制成型的石墨匣钵坯体承烧板上,经传送机构输送入碳化烧结炉,混合料坯体在煤沥青的碳化温度以下进行预热20~30分钟,让沥青充分熔融坯体定型,将坯体加热到碳化温度450-650℃左右,定型碳化,在850~1150℃时完成坯体烧结,烧结完成利用氮气保护冷却,同时氮气也起到烧结时防止坯体氧化的作用,坯体冷却后出炉,最后经清除毛刺成为石墨匣钵成品。
7.根据权利要求书6所述的一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,所述定型碳化时间为10-20分钟。
8.根据权利要求书6所述的一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,所述烧结时间为20-30分钟。
9.根据权利要求书6所述的一种利用石墨废料制备石墨匣钵的方法,所述氮气保护冷却时间为10-20分钟。
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CN115433009A (zh) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-12-06 | 青岛瑞兴泰新材料有限公司 | 一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵及其制备方法 |
CN115849922A (zh) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-03-28 | 湖南碳谷新材料有限公司 | 一种石墨负极材料沥青包覆的碳碳匣钵的生产工艺及设备 |
CN115849922B (zh) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-07-25 | 湖南碳谷新材料有限公司 | 一种石墨负极材料沥青包覆的碳碳匣钵的生产工艺及设备 |
CN115650699A (zh) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-01-31 | 长沙中瓷新材料科技有限公司 | 一种模压石墨匣钵及其制备方法与应用 |
CN115650699B (zh) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-06-02 | 长沙中瓷新材料科技有限公司 | 一种模压石墨匣钵及其制备方法与应用 |
CN116496084A (zh) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-07-28 | 上海晋飞碳纤科技股份有限公司 | 可修复的石墨模具坯料、成型模具、修补剂及修补方法 |
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