CN113582760B - Fertilizer for planting rice with high trace elements and high SOD (superoxide dismutase) and application thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizer for planting rice with high trace elements and high SOD (superoxide dismutase) and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/20—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of energy-saving and environment-friendly high-new agricultural science and technology, and particularly discloses a special fertilizer for rice with high trace elements and high SOD (superoxide dismutase) and a planting application thereof. The special fertilizer comprises a special microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer, a fertilizer for promoting the flowering period of rice, a fertilizer for protecting the flowering period of rice and a fertilizer for grouting period of rice. According to the growth characteristics of the rice in each growth period, different fertilizers are arranged to promote the synthesis of enzymes such as SOD and the like in the growth process of the rice and move and transfer the enzymes to rice grains, so that the fertilizer quantity is small, the fertilizing times are few, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the rice product with high contents of enzymes such as SOD and the like and high contents of trace elements is finally obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving and environment-friendly high-tech agriculture.
Background
The trace elements of zinc, boron, copper, manganese, molybdenum, iron, nickel and the like are essential nutrient elements for crops. Although the crop needs a small amount of trace elements, the effect of the trace elements on the growth and development of the crop is as important as that of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium macroelements. When certain trace elements are deficient, the growth and development of crops are obviously influenced, the yield is reduced, and the quality is reduced. The research of the national microelement collaboration net of the Chinese agricultural academy of sciences on crops such as rice, paddy rice, corn, cotton, rape, peanut, soybean, orange, tomato and the like shows that: the corresponding trace element fertilizer is applied to the soil lacking the trace elements and matched with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, magnesium and the like, so that the average yield of crops can be increased by about 10-15%, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved by 3-5%; crop yields can even be multiplied on severely deficient soils. In a modern agricultural production system, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied in large quantities, high-yield varieties of crops are widely used, agricultural intensification and facility cultivation are developed at a high speed, the demand of the crops on trace elements shows a sudden increase trend, and micronutrient imbalance becomes an important limiting factor for improving the yield of the crops. The reasonable application of the trace element fertilizer and the implementation of balanced fertilization have important significance for promoting the grain production in China and maintaining the sustainable development of agricultural production.
Crops are often affected by various pests in the growth and development process, so that the yield is reduced, and the quality is reduced. Crop is malnutrition, and the resistance to diseases and insect pests is obviously reduced. The damage degree of crop diseases and insect pests is aggravated due to the lack of trace nutrient elements. By reasonably applying the trace element fertilizer, the yield of crops can be improved, and the resistance of the crops to plant diseases and insect pests can be effectively enhanced. Researches find that the amino acid chelated copper salt, zinc salt, nickel salt or iron salt can promote the growth of plants, has good prevention and control effects on plant diseases and insect pests of certain crops, and has certain prevention and control effects on blight (anthracnose) of vegetables and melons, rot of fruits, damping off of cotton and anthracnose. The reasonable application of the trace elements becomes an important mark of intensive production of modern agriculture.
In the existing market, trace element fertilizers are mostly used after granulation. However, unlike the macroelement fertilizers such as nitrogenous fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, potash fertilizers and the like, the microelement fertilizers have a small dosage and are difficult to uniformly fertilize after being granulated: the proper range of the trace element fertilizer is generally narrow, and the poisoning phenomenon can occur when the trace element fertilizer is contacted with plants with soluble trace element fertilizer particles in a short distance; the long-distance plants cannot contact with the easily soluble trace fertilizer particles, and the trace elements have poor mobility in the soil, so that the trace elements applied to the soil can hardly be absorbed in the season; only a few plants with proper distance can absorb proper amount of trace elements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a method for planting rice with high trace elements and/or high SOD content.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for planting rice, which comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) applying a base fertilizer for the paddy field: adopting a trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer as a base fertilizer for the paddy field, uniformly scattering the base fertilizer into the field before transplanting rice seedlings, and then transplanting rice seedlings;
the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer comprises potassium sulfate, a silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, boric acid, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and modified cassava powder;
(2) fertilizing in the flowering promoting period of rice: applying fertilizer in a spraying manner in a rice flowering promoting period, wherein the fertilizer in the rice flowering promoting period comprises EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) zinc complex, EDTA manganese complex, EDTA selenium complex, EDTA nickel complex, EDTA titanium complex, EDTA cobalt complex and a synergist;
(3) fertilizing in the flowering stage of rice: applying fertilizer in a spraying manner in a flowering phase of rice, wherein the fertilizer in the flowering phase of rice comprises boric acid, EDTA complex zinc, EDTA complex manganese, EDTA complex selenium, EDTA complex nickel, EDTA complex titanium, EDTA complex cobalt and a synergist;
(4) fertilizing in the rice filling stage: the fertilizer is applied to leaf surfaces in a spraying mode in a paddy filling period, and comprises the components of colloidal silicon dioxide, amino acid complex molybdenum, amino acid complex zinc, amino acid complex manganese, amino acid complex selenium, amino acid complex nickel, amino acid complex titanium, amino acid complex cobalt, amino acid complex iron, amino acid complex copper and a synergist.
Optionally, in any one of the steps (2) to (4), the synergist is compound sodium nitrophenolate.
Optionally, the fertilizer in the step (2) and/or (3) contains 8-10 parts of EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) complexed zinc, 3-8 parts of EDTA complexed manganese, 10-18 parts of EDTA complexed selenium, 3-5 parts of EDTA complexed nickel, 8-10 parts of EDTA complexed titanium and 3-6 parts of EDTA complexed cobalt, and the fertilizer in the step (3) also contains 15-20 parts of boric acid; the fertilizer for the rice grouting period comprises 10-15 parts of colloidal silicon dioxide, 3-7 parts of amino acid complex molybdenum, 4-8 parts of amino acid complex zinc, 6-9 parts of amino acid complex manganese, 25-35 parts of amino acid complex selenium, 3-5 parts of amino acid complex nickel, 3-7 parts of amino acid complex titanium, 2-10 parts of amino acid complex cobalt, 2-3 parts of amino acid complex iron and 2-3 parts of amino acid complex copper, wherein the parts are in parts by weight.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the compound sodium nitrophenolate to the nickel complex is 6-14: 3-5, such as 10: 3 to 5.
Optionally, the components of the fertilizer of any one of the steps (2) to (4) further comprise dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether, such as dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether 100; the weight ratio of the nickel complex to the nickel complex can be 6-18: 3-5, such as 12: 3 to 5.
Optionally, the weight ratio of potassium sulfate to calcium silicon magnesium fertilizer to boric acid to zinc sulfate to ammonium molybdate to modified cassava powder in the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer is 6-10: 22-28: 2-5: 1-7: 2-5: 15 to 23.
Optionally, the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer also contains chitin, and the weight ratio of the chitin to potassium sulfate can be 8-14: 6-10, such as 11: 6 to 10.
Optionally, in the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, the mass percentage content of the effective silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 35% (such as 35-45%), the mass percentage content of the calcium oxide is 30-40%, and the mass percentage content of the magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 5% (such as 5-17%).
Optionally, the dosage of the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer is 70-80 Kg per mu.
Optionally, the dry weight of the fertilizer used in step (2) is 0.5 to 1.5Kg per mu, such as 0.5 to 1.3Kg, preferably 0.9 Kg.
Optionally, the dry weight of the fertilizer used in the step (3) is 0.5 to 1.5Kg per mu, such as 0.5 to 1.35Kg, preferably 0.8 Kg.
Optionally, the dry weight of the fertilizer used in the step (4) is 0.3 to 1Kg per mu, such as 0.3 to 0.8Kg, preferably 0.75 Kg.
Optionally, the fertilizers used in the steps (2) to (4) are applied in the form of aqueous solution, and the mass concentration of the solution can be 0.1 to 4 percent, such as 1 to 4 percent and 1 to 3 percent.
As a demonstration, when the fertilizer is applied in the step 2, the fertilizer for the rice flowering promoting period is added into water to prepare a fertilizer water solution for the rice flowering promoting period with the mass percentage concentration of 0.1% -3%, and then the fertilizer water solution is sprayed, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer water solution for the rice flowering promoting period is 50-70 Kg per mu;
when the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer for the rice flowering phase can be added into water to prepare a fertilizer water solution for the rice flowering phase with the mass percentage concentration of 0.1% -4%, and then the fertilizer water solution is sprayed, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer water solution for the rice flowering phase is 30-50 Kg per mu;
when the fertilizer is applied in the step 4, the fertilizer in the rice filling stage can be added into water to prepare a fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice filling stage with the mass percentage concentration of 0.1-3%, and then the fertilizer aqueous solution is sprayed, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice filling stage is 30-50 Kg per mu.
Optionally, in the step 1, the preparation method of the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer comprises: uniformly mixing a silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, boric acid, zinc sulfate and ammonium molybdate, adding modified cassava powder as a binder, crushing, and granulating to obtain core particles; heating potassium sulfate and auxiliary materials to obtain slurry, uniformly wrapping the slurry serving as an inner coating material on the outer layer of the inner core particles to form particles with an inner coating layer, and controlling the particles with the inner coating layer to be in a preset particle size; and humidifying the granules with the inner coating layer, adding chitin as an outer coating material, uniformly coating the outer layer of the granules with the inner coating layer to obtain granules with the outer coating layer, drying and sieving to obtain the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer.
As a more specific example, the planting method of the present invention comprises:
(1) applying a base fertilizer for the paddy field: adopting a trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer as a base fertilizer for the paddy field, uniformly scattering the base fertilizer into the field before transplanting rice seedlings, and then transplanting rice seedlings;
the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer comprises potassium sulfate, a silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, boric acid, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, modified cassava powder and chitin;
the preparation method of the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, boric acid, zinc sulfate and ammonium molybdate, adding modified cassava powder as a binder, crushing and granulating to obtain core particles; heating potassium sulfate and a proper amount of auxiliary materials to obtain slurry, uniformly wrapping the slurry serving as an inner coating material on the outer layer of the inner core particle to form particles with an inner coating layer, and controlling the particles with the inner coating layer to be in a preset particle size; humidifying the granules with the inner coating layer, adding chitin as an outer coating material, uniformly coating the outer layer of the granules with the inner coating layer to obtain granules with the outer coating layer, drying and sieving to obtain the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer;
the dosage of the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer is 70-80 Kg per mu;
(2) fertilizing in the flowering promoting period of rice: the fertilizer is applied in a spraying mode in the flowering promoting period of rice, and consists of EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) zinc complex, EDTA manganese complex, EDTA selenium complex, EDTA nickel complex, EDTA titanium complex, EDTA cobalt complex, dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether 100 and sodium nitrophenolate;
when the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer in the rice flowering promoting period is added into water to prepare a rice flowering promoting period fertilizer aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.1-3%, and then the rice flowering promoting period fertilizer aqueous solution is sprayed, wherein the using amount of the rice flowering promoting period fertilizer aqueous solution is 50-70 Kg per mu;
(3) fertilizing in the flowering stage of rice: applying fertilizer in a spraying mode in the flowering phase of rice, wherein the fertilizer in the flowering phase of rice consists of boric acid, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) complexed zinc, EDTA complexed manganese, EDTA complexed selenium, EDTA complexed nickel, EDTA complexed titanium, EDTA complexed cobalt, dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether 100 and sodium nitrophenolate;
when the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer is added into water in the flowering phase of rice to prepare a fertilizer aqueous solution in the flowering phase of rice with the mass percentage concentration of 0.1% -4%, and then the fertilizer aqueous solution is sprayed, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the flowering phase of rice is 30-50 Kg per mu;
(4) fertilizing in the rice filling stage: the foliar fertilizer is applied on the foliage in a spraying mode in the paddy filling period, and consists of colloidal silicon dioxide, amino acid complex molybdenum, amino acid complex zinc, amino acid complex manganese, amino acid complex selenium, amino acid complex nickel, amino acid complex titanium, amino acid complex cobalt, amino acid complex iron, amino acid complex copper, dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether 100 and compound sodium nitrophenolate;
when the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer in the rice filling stage is added into water to prepare a fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice filling stage with the mass percentage concentration of 0.1-3%, and then the fertilizer aqueous solution is sprayed, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice filling stage is 30-50 Kg per mu.
Optionally, the fertilizer for the rice flowering promoting period comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) complexed zinc, 3-8 parts of EDTA complexed manganese, 10-18 parts of EDTA complexed selenium, 3-5 parts of EDTA complexed nickel, 8-10 parts of EDTA complexed titanium, 3-6 parts of EDTA complexed cobalt, 6-18 parts of 100 parts of dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether and 6-14 parts of sodium nitrophenolate.
Optionally, the fertilizer for the rice in the flowering phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of boric acid, 8-10 parts of EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) zinc complex, 3-8 parts of EDTA manganese complex, 10-18 parts of EDTA selenium complex, 3-5 parts of EDTA nickel complex, 8-10 parts of EDTA titanium complex, 3-6 parts of EDTA cobalt complex, 6-18 parts of dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether 100 and 6-14 parts of sodium nitrophenolate.
Optionally, the fertilizer for the rice in the filling stage comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of colloidal silicon dioxide, 3-7 parts of amino acid complex molybdenum, 4-8 parts of amino acid complex zinc, 6-9 parts of amino acid complex manganese, 25-35 parts of amino acid complex selenium, 3-5 parts of amino acid complex nickel, 3-7 parts of amino acid complex titanium, 2-10 parts of amino acid complex cobalt, 2-3 parts of amino acid complex iron, 2-3 parts of amino acid complex copper, 6-18 parts of dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether 100 and 6-14 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate.
Optionally, the weight ratio of potassium sulfate, silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, boric acid, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, modified cassava powder and chitin in the base fertilizer for the paddy field is 6-10: 22-28: 2-5: 1-7: 2-5: 15-23: 8 to 14.
Optionally, in the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, the mass percentage content of effective silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 35%, the mass percentage content of calcium oxide is 30-40%, and the mass percentage content of magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 5%.
The invention also discloses a fertilizer for planting rice with high trace elements and high enzyme activity, which consists of a base fertilizer for a paddy field, a fertilizer for promoting the flowering phase of rice, a fertilizer for protecting the flowering phase of rice and a fertilizer for grouting phase of rice, wherein the fertilizers in four phases or the preparation can be respectively as described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly as follows: 1) the number of times of fertilization is few, and manpower and material resources are saved. 2) The fertilizer consumption is less, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved. 3) Greatly improves the contents of trace elements and various enzymes in rice grains, including SOD, POD, CAT and GSH-Px. 4) Can effectively prevent nematodes and solve the problem of continuous cropping.
Detailed Description
Example 1 preparation method of microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer
Uniformly mixing 25 parts of silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer (the mass percent of effective silicon dioxide is 45%, the mass percent of calcium oxide is 38%, and the mass percent of magnesium oxide is 17%), 3 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of zinc sulfate and 3 parts of ammonium molybdate, adding 18 parts of modified cassava powder as a binder, and crushing and granulating to obtain core particles; heating 8 parts of potassium sulfate and a proper amount of auxiliary materials to obtain slurry, uniformly wrapping the slurry serving as an inner coating material on the outer layer of the inner core particle to form particles with an inner coating layer, and controlling the particles with the inner coating layer to be in a preset particle size; and humidifying the granules with the inner coating layer, adding 11 parts of chitin as an outer coating material, uniformly coating the outer layer of the granules with the inner coating layer to obtain granules with the outer coating layer, drying, sieving to obtain the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer, and storing for later use.
Example 2 preparation of Rice flowering promoting Fertilizer
Mixing 9 parts of EDTA complex zinc, 5 parts of EDTA complex manganese, 14 parts of EDTA complex selenium, 5 parts of EDTA complex nickel, 9 parts of EDTA complex titanium and 5 parts of EDTA complex cobalt, adding 100 parts of dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether and 10 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, and uniformly stirring for later use.
Example 3 preparation method of Fertilizer for rice in flowering phase
Mixing 17 parts of boric acid, 9 parts of EDTA complex zinc, 5 parts of EDTA complex manganese, 14 parts of EDTA complex selenium, 3 parts of EDTA complex nickel, 9 parts of EDTA complex titanium and 5 parts of EDTA complex cobalt, adding 100 parts of dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether and 10 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, and uniformly stirring for later use.
Example 4 preparation method of Fertilizer for rice in grain filling stage
12.5 parts of colloidal silicon dioxide, 5 parts of amino acid complex molybdenum, 6 parts of amino acid complex zinc, 8 parts of amino acid complex manganese, 30 parts of amino acid complex selenium, 4 parts of amino acid complex nickel, 5 parts of amino acid complex titanium, 6 parts of amino acid complex cobalt, 2.5 parts of amino acid complex iron and 2.5 parts of amino acid complex copper are mixed, and then 100 parts of dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether and 10 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate are added and stirred uniformly for later use.
Example 5 a method of growing rice, comprising the steps of:
(1) applying a base fertilizer for the paddy field: the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 is used as a base fertilizer for a paddy field, the dosage of the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer is 70Kg per mu, the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer is uniformly scattered into the field before rice transplanting, and then the rice transplanting is carried out;
(2) fertilizing in the flowering promoting period of rice: applying fertilizer in a spraying manner in a rice flowering promoting period, adding the fertilizer in the rice flowering promoting period prepared in the example 2 into water to prepare a rice flowering promoting period fertilizer aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1%, and then spraying, wherein the using amount of the rice flowering promoting period fertilizer aqueous solution is 50Kg per mu;
(3) fertilizing in the flowering stage of rice: applying fertilizer in a spraying manner in the flowering stage of rice, adding the fertilizer in the flowering stage of rice prepared in the example 3 into water to prepare a fertilizer aqueous solution in the flowering stage of rice with the mass percentage concentration of 2%, and then spraying, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the flowering stage of rice is 25Kg per mu;
(4) fertilizing in the rice filling stage: and (2) applying the fertilizer to the leaf surface by adopting a spraying mode in the rice filling stage, adding the fertilizer prepared in the rice filling stage in the example 4 into water when the fertilizer is applied, preparing a fertilizer aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1% in the rice filling stage, and then spraying, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice filling stage is 30Kg per mu. Harvesting rice seeds, wherein the activities of SOD enzyme and peroxidase are 41.2U/mg protein and 21.7U/mg protein respectively. Meanwhile, trace elements in the rice are analyzed.
Example 6 a method of growing rice, comprising the steps of:
(1) applying a base fertilizer for the paddy field: the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 is used as a base fertilizer for a paddy field, the dosage of the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer is 75Kg per mu, the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer is uniformly scattered into the field before rice transplanting, and then the rice transplanting is carried out;
(2) fertilizing in the flowering promoting period of rice: applying fertilizer in a spraying manner in a rice flowering promoting period, adding the rice flowering promoting fertilizer prepared in the example 2 into water to prepare a rice flowering promoting fertilizer aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1.5%, and then spraying, wherein the using amount of the rice flowering promoting fertilizer aqueous solution is 60Kg per mu;
(3) fertilizing in the flowering stage of rice: applying fertilizer in a spraying manner in the flowering stage of rice, adding the fertilizer in the flowering stage of rice prepared in the example 3 into water to prepare a fertilizer aqueous solution in the flowering stage of rice with the mass percentage concentration of 2%, and then spraying, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the flowering stage of rice is 40Kg per mu;
(4) fertilizing in the rice filling stage: and (2) applying the fertilizer to the leaf surfaces in a spraying manner in the rice filling stage, adding the fertilizer prepared in the rice filling stage in the example 4 into water when the fertilizer is applied, preparing a fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice filling stage with the mass percentage concentration of 1.5%, and then spraying, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice filling stage is 50Kg per mu. Harvesting rice seeds, wherein the activities of SOD enzyme and peroxidase are 49.8U/mg protein and 30.2U/mg protein respectively. Meanwhile, trace elements in the rice are analyzed.
Example 7 a method of growing rice, comprising the steps of:
(1) applying a base fertilizer for the paddy field: the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 is used as a base fertilizer for a paddy field, the dosage of the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer is 80Kg per mu, the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer is uniformly scattered into the field before rice transplanting, and then the rice transplanting is carried out;
(2) fertilizing in the flowering promoting period of rice: applying fertilizer in a spraying manner in a rice flowering promoting period, adding the fertilizer in the rice flowering promoting period prepared in the example 2 into water to prepare a rice flowering promoting period fertilizer aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2%, and then spraying, wherein the using amount of the rice flowering promoting period fertilizer aqueous solution is 65Kg per mu;
(3) fertilizing in the flowering stage of rice: applying fertilizer in a spraying manner in the flowering stage of rice, adding the fertilizer in the flowering stage of rice prepared in the example 3 into water to prepare a fertilizer aqueous solution in the flowering stage of rice with the mass percentage concentration of 3%, and then spraying, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the flowering stage of rice is 45Kg per mu;
(4) fertilizing in the rice filling stage: and (2) applying the fertilizer to the leaf surfaces in a spraying manner in the rice filling stage, adding the fertilizer prepared in the rice filling stage in the example 4 into water when the fertilizer is applied, preparing a fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice filling stage with the mass percentage concentration of 2%, and then spraying, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice filling stage is 40Kg per mu. Harvesting rice seeds, wherein the activities of SOD enzyme and peroxidase are 46.6U/mg protein and 27.4U/mg protein respectively. Meanwhile, trace elements in the rice are analyzed.
And (3) comparison test:
a planting method of rice with high SOD content comprises the following steps:
applying a base fertilizer for the paddy field: the method comprises the following steps of (1) uniformly scattering silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer serving as base fertilizer for a paddy field before rice transplanting, and then transplanting rice, wherein the dosage of the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer is 100Kg per mu;
fertilizing at the tillering stage of rice: the fertilizer is applied in a spraying mode in a rice tillering stage, and consists of amino acid complex zinc, amino acid complex manganese, amino acid complex selenium, amino acid complex nickel, amino acid complex titanium, amino acid complex cobalt and amino acid complex molybdenum in parts by weight: 15 parts of amino acid complex zinc, 3 parts of amino acid complex manganese, 30 parts of amino acid complex selenium, 5 parts of amino acid complex nickel, 5 parts of amino acid complex titanium, 3 parts of amino acid complex cobalt and 3 parts of amino acid complex molybdenum, when the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer in the rice tillering stage is added into water to prepare a fertilizer aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5% in the rice tillering stage, and then the fertilizer aqueous solution is sprayed, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the rice tillering stage is 75Kg per mu;
fertilizing in the flowering promoting period of rice: the fertilizer is applied in a spraying mode in a rice flowering promoting period, and consists of EDTA complex zinc, EDTA complex manganese, EDTA complex selenium, EDTA complex nickel, EDTA complex titanium and EDTA complex cobalt in parts by weight: 15 parts of EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) zinc complex, 3 parts of EDTA manganese complex, 30 parts of EDTA selenium complex, 3 parts of EDTA nickel complex, 3 parts of EDTA titanium complex and 5 parts of EDTA cobalt complex, wherein when the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer is added into water to prepare a water solution of the fertilizer at the flowering promoting period of rice, the water solution of the fertilizer is 0.1 percent in percentage by mass, and then the water solution is sprayed, and the using amount of the water solution of the fertilizer at the flowering promoting period of rice is 150Kg per mu;
fertilizing in the flowering stage of rice: fertilizing in a spraying mode in a rice flowering maintaining period, wherein the fertilizer for the rice flowering maintaining period consists of boric acid, EDTA complex zinc, EDTA complex manganese, EDTA complex selenium, EDTA complex nickel, EDTA complex titanium and EDTA complex cobalt, and the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of boric acid, 10 parts of EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) zinc complex, 5 parts of EDTA manganese complex, 20 parts of EDTA selenium complex, 5 parts of EDTA nickel complex, 3 parts of EDTA titanium complex and 5 parts of EDTA cobalt complex, wherein when the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer in the flower-keeping period of the rice is added into water to prepare a fertilizer aqueous solution in the flower-keeping period of the rice with the mass percentage concentration of 0.1%, and then the fertilizer aqueous solution is sprayed, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer aqueous solution in the flower-keeping period of the rice is 150Kg per mu;
fertilizing in the rice heading and flowering period: the fertilizer is applied in a spraying mode in the rice heading and flowering period, and consists of boric acid, amino acid complex zinc, amino acid complex manganese, amino acid complex selenium, amino acid complex nickel, amino acid complex titanium and amino acid complex cobalt in the rice heading and flowering period, wherein the weight parts are as follows: 10 parts of boric acid, 15 parts of amino acid complex zinc, 3 parts of amino acid complex manganese, 30 parts of amino acid complex selenium, 3 parts of amino acid complex nickel, 3 parts of amino acid complex titanium and 5 parts of amino acid complex cobalt, when the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer is added into water at the heading and flowering stage of rice to prepare a fertilizer water solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5% at the heading and flowering stage of rice, and then the fertilizer water solution is sprayed, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer water solution at the heading and flowering stage of rice is 150Kg per mu;
fertilizing in the rice filling stage: fertilizing in a spraying mode in a rice grouting period, wherein the fertilizer in the rice grouting period consists of colloidal silicon dioxide, EDTA complex molybdenum, EDTA complex zinc, EDTA complex manganese, EDTA complex selenium, EDTA complex nickel, EDTA complex titanium, EDTA complex cobalt, EDTA complex iron and EDTA complex copper, and the fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of colloidal silicon dioxide, 3 parts of EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) complex molybdenum, 15 parts of EDTA complex zinc, 5 parts of EDTA complex manganese, 30 parts of EDTA complex selenium, 3 parts of EDTA complex nickel, 5 parts of EDTA complex titanium, 5 parts of EDTA complex cobalt, 3 parts of EDTA complex iron and 3 parts of EDTA complex copper.
Wherein, in the purchased silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, the mass percentage content of the effective silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 30 percent, the mass percentage content of the calcium oxide is 35 to 45 percent, and the mass percentage content of the magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 5 percent.
The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and GSH-Px enzymes in the finally obtained rice are respectively 24.0, 4.8, 8.5 and 7.6 (the unit is U/mg protein).
The prior art does not record the content of elements in the rice obtained in the above comparative test, and trace element analysis is performed on the rice obtained in the following examples 5 to 7, and the measurement results are shown in the following table:
| test number \ element content (mg/kg) | Zn | Cu | Mn | Fe | Se |
| Comparative test | 23.5 | 9.1 | 16.5 | 30.2 | 12.2 |
| Example 5 | 35.4 | 18.3 | 22.6 | 45.6 | 20.5 |
| Example 6 | 43.4 | 23.6 | 26.0 | 52.4 | 26.0 |
| Example 7 | 41.2 | 21.2 | 24.5 | 50.1 | 23.5 |
The comparison shows that: compared with the prior art, the planting mode and the fertilizer adopted by the invention can improve the content of active enzyme and the content of trace elements (taking Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe and Se as examples). Meanwhile, compared with the prior art, the method reduces the fertilization times and the fertilizer dosage of the additional fertilization.
Claims (15)
1. The planting fertilizer for the rice comprises four units, namely a 1 st unit paddy field base fertilizer, a 2 nd unit paddy flowering promoting period fertilizer, a 3 rd unit paddy flowering maintaining period fertilizer and a 4 th unit paddy grouting period fertilizer, wherein the paddy field base fertilizer is a trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer, and the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer comprises potassium sulfate, a silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, boric acid, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and modified cassava powder;
the components of the fertilizer for promoting the flowering phase of the rice comprise EDTA complex zinc, EDTA complex manganese, EDTA complex selenium, EDTA complex nickel, EDTA complex titanium, EDTA complex cobalt and a synergist;
the components of the fertilizer for the rice in the flowering phase comprise boric acid, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) zinc complex, EDTA manganese complex, EDTA selenium complex, EDTA nickel complex, EDTA titanium complex, EDTA cobalt complex and a synergist;
the components of the fertilizer in the rice filling stage comprise colloidal silicon dioxide, amino acid molybdenum complex, amino acid zinc complex, amino acid manganese complex, amino acid selenium complex, amino acid nickel complex, amino acid titanium complex, amino acid cobalt complex, amino acid iron complex, amino acid copper complex and a synergist;
the synergist of any unit of the 2 nd to 4 th units of the planting fertilizer is compound sodium nitrophenolate;
the No. 2 unit and/or the No. 3 unit of the fertilizer for the rice flowering phase contain 8-10 parts of EDTA complex zinc, 3-8 parts of EDTA complex manganese, 10-18 parts of EDTA complex selenium, 3-5 parts of EDTA complex nickel, 8-10 parts of EDTA complex titanium and 3-6 parts of EDTA complex cobalt, and the No. 3 unit of the fertilizer also contains 15-20 parts of boric acid; the fertilizer for the rice grouting period comprises 10-15 parts of colloidal silicon dioxide, 3-7 parts of amino acid complex molybdenum, 4-8 parts of amino acid complex zinc, 6-9 parts of amino acid complex manganese, 25-35 parts of amino acid complex selenium, 3-5 parts of amino acid complex nickel, 3-7 parts of amino acid complex titanium, 2-10 parts of amino acid complex cobalt, 2-3 parts of amino acid complex iron and 2-3 parts of amino acid complex copper; the parts are weight ratio;
the weight ratio of the compound sodium nitrophenolate to the complex nickel in the fertilizer unit is 6-14: 3-5, the components of the fertilizer of any one of the 2 nd-4 th units further comprise dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether 100, and the weight ratio of the dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether to the complex nickel in the same fertilizer unit is 6-18: 3-5, wherein the weight ratio of potassium sulfate, silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, boric acid, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and modified cassava powder in the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer is 6-10: 22-28: 2-5: 1-7: 2-5: 15-23, the microelement-rich slow-release base fertilizer also contains chitin, and the weight ratio of the chitin to potassium sulfate is (8-14): 6 to 10.
2. The planting fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the compound sodium nitrophenolate to the nickel complex in the fertilizer unit is 10: 3 to 5.
3. The planting fertilizer of any preceding claim, wherein the weight ratio of dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether 100 to complexed nickel in the same fertilizer unit is 12: 3 to 5.
4. The planting fertilizer of any preceding claim, wherein the weight ratio of chitin to potassium sulfate is from 11: 6 to 10.
5. The planting fertilizer of claim 1, wherein in the Si-Ca-Mg fertilizer, the mass percentage content of effective silicon dioxide is not less than 35%, the mass percentage content of calcium oxide is 30-40%, and the mass percentage content of magnesium oxide is not less than 5%.
6. The planting fertilizer of claim 5, wherein the effective silica is present in an amount of 35-45% by weight.
7. The planting fertilizer of claim 5, wherein the magnesium oxide is present in an amount of 5-17% by weight.
8. The planting fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the trace-element-rich slow-release base fertilizer comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, boric acid, zinc sulfate and ammonium molybdate, adding modified cassava powder as a binder, crushing, and granulating to obtain core particles; heating potassium sulfate and auxiliary materials to obtain slurry, uniformly wrapping the slurry serving as an inner coating material on the outer layer of the inner core particles to form particles with an inner coating layer, and controlling the particles with the inner coating layer to be in a preset particle size; and humidifying the granules with the inner coating layer, adding chitin as an outer coating material, uniformly coating the outer layer of the granules with the inner coating layer to obtain granules with the outer coating layer, drying and sieving to obtain the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer.
9. The application of the planting fertilizer in rice planting according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the application, the dosage of the trace element-rich slow-release base fertilizer is 70-80 Kg per mu.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the dry weight of the fertilizer used in unit 2 is 0.5-1.5 Kg per acre.
11. The use according to claim 10, wherein the dry weight is 0.5 to 1.3Kg per acre.
12. The use according to claim 9, wherein the dry weight of the fertilizer used in unit 3 is 0.5-1.5 Kg per acre.
13. The use according to claim 9, wherein the dry weight of the fertilizer used in unit 3 is 0.5-1.35 Kg per acre.
14. The use of claim 9, wherein the dry weight of the fertilizer used in unit 4 is 0.3-1 Kg per acre.
15. The use of claim 9, wherein the dry weight of the fertilizer used in unit 4 is 0.3-0.8 Kg per acre.
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