CN101117303B - Poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer - Google Patents
Poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101117303B CN101117303B CN2007100526676A CN200710052667A CN101117303B CN 101117303 B CN101117303 B CN 101117303B CN 2007100526676 A CN2007100526676 A CN 2007100526676A CN 200710052667 A CN200710052667 A CN 200710052667A CN 101117303 B CN101117303 B CN 101117303B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a poly-gamma-glutamic acid synergistic fertilizer for strengthening fertilizer effect, which belongs to the fertilizer field. The invention comprises graininess fertilizer which comprises the poly-gamma-glutamic acid. The contents of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid and fertilizer in weight are as follows: 0.01 to 1 percent of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid and the remained content is fertilizer. The contents of poly-gamma-glutamic acid of the invention are strictly controlled and the poly-gamma-glutamic acid can be conveniently fertilized. The poly-gamma-glutamic acid is combined with to make full use of the feature as absorption promoter of fertilizer of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid, therefore, crops output is further raised. The fertilizer is released slowly and prolonged by around 4 times compared with the traditional fertilizer in soil. The invention promotes crop absorption and inhibits fertilizer ingredient decomposition and loss, therefore, fertilizer use is directly decreased by more than 20 percent. The pollution to environment is reduced without excessive or inappropriate fertilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer that can strengthen fertilizer efficiency, belong to the agrochemical field.
Background technology
At present in China's chemical fertilizer this season utilization ratio, nitrogen is about 30%～35%, and phosphorus is 10%～25%, and potassium is 35%～50% far below world developed country level, and causing the low major cause of utilization rate of fertilizer is leaching loss, especially with nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer for.People are making great efforts to seek to improve the method for utilization rate of fertilizer, and one of them is that fertilizer itself is carried out modification, and exploitation is suitable for the new-type fertilizer of plant growth demand.Development slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer (slow/control release fertilizer) is one of effective measure of generally adopting of countries in the world, as: add the nitrogenous fertilizer, organic synthesis nitrogenous fertilizer, coated fertilizer of nitrification inhibitor or urease inhibitor etc.
Polymeric amino acid can increase the absorption of plant to nutrition, saves the fertilizer usage quantity, improves crop yield.At present the polymeric amino acid of as fertilizer sources promotor be poly aspartic acid (poly-aspartic acid, PAA).U.S. Donlar company takes the lead in utilizing chemosynthesis instant heating polymerization process to produce TPA (Thermal polyaspartate), industrialization and commercialization, and be applied to fertilizer.TPA is the activeconstituents among the fertilizer promotor product A misorb, because TPA contains numerous free carboxies, nutritive element in the fertilizer there is bigger avidity, can quicken the formation of root, increase is tillered, Amisorb also is proved to be and can be applicable to wheat, corn, Soybean and Other Crops, has the effect that increases output, saves the fertilizer usage quantity, improves crop quality.But the biodegradability of this promotor is also desirable not to the utmost.
Poly-gamma-glutamic acid (Poly-γ-glutamic acid, poly-gamma-glutamic acid) is the anionic polyamino acid that the occurring in nature microbial fermentation produces, water-soluble, the water-absorbent of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, biodegradability, to the affinity of metal ion, nontoxic, freeze proof, environmentally friendly and it is had broad application prospects in fields such as agricultural, food, medicine, makeup, fiber light industries to characteristics such as resistance towards proteases.
In the CN200610018395.3 Chinese patent application, disclose the application of poly-gamma-glutamic acid as fertilizer sources absorption enhancer in agricultural planting, can promote the quick growth of farm crop by using of poly-gamma-glutamic acid to nitrogen phosphorus potassium and trace elements absorbed in the soil and promotion crop root, reduce the amount of application of fertilizer, improve the output of farm crop.Yet, use separately poly-gamma-glutamic acid not only application inconvenience is arranged more, and because comparatively loose, also can reduce the use effect of poly-gamma-glutamic acid with combining of fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer at the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art existence, it combines closely poly-gamma-glutamic acid and fertilizer, further improve the utilization ratio and the slow-release function of chemical fertilizer, improve the growth quality of crop.
The present invention for the technical scheme that problem adopted of the above-mentioned proposition of solution is: described fertilizer is particulate state, contain chemical fertilizer, its difference is to contain poly-gamma-glutamic acid in the described fertilizer, the component concentration of poly-gamma-glutamic acid and chemical fertilizer is by weight: poly-gamma-glutamic acid 0.01～1%, chemical fertilizer surplus; Described poly-gamma-glutamic acid is coated on the surface of granulo-fertilizer, be prepared from through the coating method by poly-gamma-glutamic acid and granulo-fertilizer, promptly be sprayed on the drying processing of chemical fertilizer granule surface and form, form poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating chemical fertilizer by the aqueous solution that contains poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
Press such scheme, described chemical fertilizer is urea, composite fertilizer, carbon ammonium or calcium superphosphate etc.; Described composite fertilizer is inorganic composite fertilizer or organic-inorganic composite fertilizer.The various inorganic composite fertilizers and the organic-inorganic composite fertilizer that comprise on the market being sold.Wherein: inorganic composite fertilizer is meant nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and trace element that chemical fertilizer is made through physics or chemical process or the fertilizer of 2 kinds of elements wherein; Organic-inorganic composite fertilizer is meant in inorganic complex fertilizer and adds large amount of organic as the product that cake fertilizer, bone meal, animal excrements, peat and microbial cells etc. are made.
Press such scheme, poly-gamma-glutamic acid and urea can be formed through the scorification mixing granulation, make the fusing urea that includes poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
Press such scheme, poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating chemical fertilizer comprises coated carbamide, coated compound fertilizer, coating carbon ammonium and coating calcium superphosphate particle.
Press such scheme, described poly-gamma-glutamic acid is the pure product of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, also comprises containing the poly-gamma-glutamic acid material; Contain the poly-gamma-glutamic acid material and comprise culture (fermented product) or the poly-gamma-glutamic acid salt that contains poly-gamma-glutamic acid, the material and the chemical fertilizer preparation that contain poly-gamma-glutamic acid should be converted out pure poly-gamma-glutamic acid content as its component concentration in fertilizer.The described material that contains poly-gamma-glutamic acid exists with the form of the solid or the aqueous solution, and contains in the material of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, and the shared weight percent of poly-gamma-glutamic acid is 0.01～100%.
Press such scheme, the sodium salt that described poly-gamma-glutamic acid salt is poly-gamma-glutamic acid, sylvite, ammonium salt or its mixing salt; Also can be the alkaline earth salt of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, as the calcium salt of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, magnesium salts etc.
Poly-gamma-glutamic acid that uses among the present invention and salt thereof have good water-solubility, water-absorbent and water-retentivity.
Poly-gamma-glutamic acid of the present invention and urea comprise through the process of scorification mixing granulation: with the poly-gamma-glutamic acid weight ratio is the aqueous solution of 0.1～5% concentration or the fermented liquid of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, in the flow process of suitability for industrialized production urea, adopt metering facility (volume pump for example, measuring instrument etc.) add the fermented liquid of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid aqueous solution or poly-gamma-glutamic acid in proportion, usually before the granulating working procedure of urea, directly be added in the urea of molten state, the fermented liquid of the aqueous solution that contains poly-gamma-glutamic acid or poly-gamma-glutamic acid is mixed with urea under the molten state, after mixing, finish granulation according to common process, promptly obtain fusing urea of the present invention.
In the making processes of coated carbamide of the present invention, coated compound fertilizer, coating carbon ammonium and coating calcium superphosphate,-gamma-glutamic acid poly-for making can be in the good film forming in fertiliser granulates surface, under 50～100 ℃ of temperature condition, with weight concentration per-cent is 0.1～5%, pH is 3.0～6.0 the aqueous solution that contains poly-gamma-glutamic acid, adopt spraying plant that poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt brine solution are fully atomized, uniformly spray in the surface of finished product chemical fertilizer granule, make the abundant coating of chemical fertilizer granule, drying is handled and is formed again.
Enhanced fertilizer of the present invention is a solid phase prod, and particle diameter is generally at 2.0～3.0mm, and it is nontoxic, pollution-free green environmentally friendly machine.
According to different purposes and needs, the positively charged ion of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid salt among the present invention is except above-mentioned sodium, potassium, ammonium ion etc., also can comprise other trace elements, or also optionally add phosphate radical, replenish the nutrient content of phosphorus in the fertilizer.These preparation process can realize by known method, thereby obtain the series product of this enhanced fertilizer.
Experiment showed, that with poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt and the granulation of fusing urea mixing granulating rate improves 2-3%, powder-like product reduces; Keying action by urea and the intermolecular chemical bond of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, urea is slowly discharged in soil, and brought up to about 200 day by original 50 days time of releasing, and utilization rate of fertilizer improves more than 20%, under the prerequisite that reaches effect same (output), can save fertilizer more than 20%; Significantly improve the activity and the root system of plant vigor of crop nitrate reductase and peroxidase, effect obviously is better than adding the urea product of other urease inhibitor.
Experiment is proof also, the aqueous solution that will contain poly-gamma-glutamic acid is sprayed at coated carbamide, coated compound fertilizer, coating carbon ammonium and the coating calcium superphosphate that urea, composite fertilizer, carbon ammonium and calcium superphosphate particle surface are produced, its slow release effect is obvious, and the time of releasing of coated carbamide, coated compound fertilizer, coating carbon ammonium and coating calcium superphosphate is than having prolonged respectively about 4 times originally.In addition, the poly-gamma-glutamic acid on coated fertilizer surface or its salt can also promote the absorption of crop root to nutritive substance in the fertilizer, reach tangible effect of increasing production, and its outstanding effect is better than the coated fertilizer that other coated fertilizer is produced.
Enhanced fertilizer of the present invention can be used as crop base manure and secondary appends fertilising, to promote plant growth and to improve output that wherein mater convolvulus is increased production more than 19%, and the content of soluble sugar increases in this mater convolvulus, the content of nitrate decreases, specifically referring to embodiment 8; Capsicum volume increase 37.23%, Vc content has improved 36.78% in the capsicum, and this all improves a lot the yield and quality of capsicum, specifically referring to embodiment 13.
The constructional feature of poly-gamma-glutamic acid is on each repeating unit of intramolecularly one-COOH to be arranged, the end of polymkeric substance also has-COOH and-NH
2Group, therefore having stronger huge legendary turtle closes ability, and fusion synergistic urea of the present invention discharges at the nutrient of control urea, improves the utilization ratio advantage of urea and should close ability to the huge legendary turtle of urea from poly-gamma-glutamic acid, and urea is slowly discharged in soil.Therefore, we can say that product of the present invention is a synergistic urea, also is long-acting carbamide.
Poly-gamma-glutamic acid has good film-forming properties; water-absorbent and to the sequestering power of metal ion; the slowly-releasing of its nutrient of coated fertilizer of the present invention; the raising of utilization rate of fertilizer and to the effect of increasing production of crop also from its good film-forming properties, water-absorbent and to the sequestering power of metal ion; fertiliser granulates is slowly discharged, improve its action effect simultaneously.
Poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer, it directly with a composition of poly-gamma-glutamic acid as fertilizer sources, produces particulate product in the adding fertilizer, can make things convenient for the peasant to use, and reduces and uses operation steps.
Agricultural experiment of the present invention shows: use the present invention in right amount and can promote farm crop to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements absorbed in the soil; Can make vegetables, grain and fruit crop yield; Simultaneously can strengthen the anti-adversity ability of farm crop, improve the quality of farm crop, the structure etc. of improving the soil.
The present invention can promote the growth of multiple kinds of crops, comprises grain and oil crop: corn, paddy rice, wheat, soybean, rape, peanut etc.; Cash crop: cotton, tobacco and tealeaves etc.; Vegetables: Chinese cabbage, Plantula Brassicae chinensis, cucumber and tomato etc.; Fruit: oranges and tangerines etc.
In sum, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention combines poly-gamma-glutamic acid and is processed into solid particulate product with chemical fertilizer, the strict control of the content of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, and this concentration is the optimum concentration range in the agricultural planting, directly use and get final product, need not weighing and dilution, use very conveniently, saved the labour.
(2) the present invention combines closely poly-gamma-glutamic acid and fertilizer, make the characteristic of poly-gamma-glutamic acid as fertilizer sources absorption enhancer be fully played and utilize, with poly-gamma-glutamic acid is compared with the fertilizer separate administration, the output that both can further increase crop can also play better slow release effect to fertilizer, prolong fertilizer action time, fertilizer has been prolonged about 4 times than conventional fertilizers the time of releasing in soil, when promoting crop to absorb, also play the effect that above-mentioned fertilizer component is decomposed and run off fast that suppresses, can directly reduce the consumption of fertilizer more than 20%, reducing excessive or use the chemical fertilizer environmental pollution that causes such as improper, is the environment-friendly product.
(3) product of the present invention can further improve crop to fertilizer utilization ratio and specific absorption, improves soluble sugar and ascorbic content in crop nitrate reductase, root system vigor and the crop, and the quality of crop is significantly improved.
(4) the present invention does not contain any toxic substance, and usage quantity is few, and degradable, does not have cumulative bad to pollute to soil.In addition, it is compatible strong, can use with sterilant is collaborative.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 0.025% and 0.05% a PGA coated carbamide release profiles in the one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is in the one embodiment of the invention 0.075% and 0.1%PGA coated carbamide release profiles.
Embodiment
Below the beneficial effect further introducing realization of the present invention and brought by specific embodiments.
The poly-gamma-glutamic acid of using in following examples or the production of its salt can be with reference to the solution fermentations in the Chinese patent 03118908.3, and our employed synergistic agent can be poly-gamma-glutamic acid sylvite, sodium salt, ammonium salt or its mixture.All content among the embodiment and concentration are all by weight.
Embodiment 1:
The synergistic urea of molten state is in the urea pilot scale production equipment of 1.2 ten thousand tons of annual outputs, the poly-gamma-glutamic acid fermented liquid that before granulation, at the uniform velocity adds weight concentration 1% by volume pump with different adding speed (2.5kg/ hour, 3.75kg/ hour and 4.25kg/ hour), with in prilling tower, make the synergistic urea that diameter is 2.0～3.0mm behind the fusing urea mixing, resulting urea specification sees the following form;
Comparative Examples [common urea]: operation and device are with embodiment 1, and the carbamide granulation process is addition polymerization-gamma-glutamic acid sylvite not.
The product quality indicator of table 1 synergistic urea
| ? | Synergistic urea | Common urea | Synergistic urea | Common urea | Synergistic urea | Common urea |
| Add-on | 2.5kg/h? | ? | 3.75kg/h? | ? | 4.25kg/h? | ? |
| Moisture content | 0.35％? | 0.5％? | 0.55％? | 0.5％? | 0.60％? | 0.5％? |
| Biuret | 0.85％? | 0.9％? | 0.81％? | 0.9％? | 0.76％? | 0.9％? |
| Nitrogen content | 46.60％? | 46.3％? | 46.62％? | 46.3％? | 46.62％? | 46.3％? |
| γ-PGA content | 0.05％? | ? | 0.08％? | ? | 0.09％? | ? |
| Granulating rate | 97％? | 94％? | 97％? | 94％? | 97％? | 94％? |
Adopt sylvite, the sodium salt of poly-gamma-glutamic acid or the mixture of sodium salt and sylvite of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, according to producing synergistic urea with quadrat method, every index is basic identical.
Embodiment 2:
The production of coating synergistic urea is to adopt spraying plant, under 80 ℃ of conditions, is 1% with weight concentration per-cent, and pH is 3.5 the aqueous solution that contains poly-gamma-glutamic acid, is sprayed on the urea granules surface.Poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt brine solution are conveyed into shower nozzle through peristaltic pump, be sprayed on the finished urea particle surface, make its abundant coating,, can produce the coated carbamide that contains different concns poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt according to the concentration and the volume of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid that is sprayed or its salt.To poly-gamma-glutamic acid content is 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.075% and 0.1% coated carbamide by weight, measures the urea concentration that is discharged in the environment through ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and the solubility rate that calculates urea is made its elution profiles (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).The poly-gamma-glutamic acid weight concentration is that comparison time of releasing of 0.025% coated carbamide is according to having prolonged 3 times, and poly-gamma-glutamic acid concentration is 0.05%, 0.075% similar with its release profiles of coated carbamide of 0.1%, and comparison time of releasing is according to having prolonged 4～5 times fully.
Embodiment 3:
The coating Synergistic composite fertilizer is to adopt spraying plant, under 80 ℃ of conditions, with weight concentration per-cent is 2%, pH is the sodium-salt aqueous solution of 3.0 poly-gamma-glutamic acid, be sprayed on the compound fertilizer granules surface, wherein used composite fertilizer comprises that compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, N-P-K content weight ratio are 15: 15: 15 inorganic composite fertilizer, and N-P-K content 15: 15: 15, the high density organic-inorganic composite fertilizer of organic content 20% and N-P-K content 9: 7: 9, the lower concentration of organic content 15% is organic-inorganic composite fertilizer.Poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt brine solution are conveyed into shower nozzle through peristaltic pump, be sprayed on the compound fertilizer granule surface, make its abundant tunicle, different according to the concentration of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid that is sprayed or its salt brine solution and volume can be produced the coated compound fertilizer material that contains different concns poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt.Concentration is that 0.05% poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating slowly discharges compound fertilizer granule in soil, and brought up to about 150 day by original 50 days time of releasing, improves utilization rate of fertilizer more than 20%.
Embodiment 4:
Coating synergy carbon ammonium is to adopt spraying plant, under 65 ℃ of conditions, is 0.5% with weight percent, and pH is the sylvite aqueous solution of 5.0 poly-gamma-glutamic acid, is sprayed on the carbon ammonia granule surface.Poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt brine solution are conveyed into shower nozzle through peristaltic pump, be sprayed on the carbon ammonia granule surface, make its abundant tunicle, different according to the concentration of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid that is sprayed or its salt brine solution and volume can be produced the coating carbon ammonium that contains different concns poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt.Concentration is that 0.05% poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating slowly discharges carbon ammonia granule in soil, and brought up to about 200 day by original 50 days time of releasing, improves utilization rate of fertilizer more than 20%.
Embodiment 5:
Coating synergy calcium superphosphate is to adopt spraying plant, under 75 ℃ of conditions, is 1.5% with weight percent, and pH is 4.0 poly-gamma-glutamic acid ammonium salt aqueous solution, is sprayed on the calcium superphosphate particle surface.The poly-gamma-glutamic acid sodium-salt aqueous solution is conveyed into shower nozzle through peristaltic pump, be sprayed on the calcium superphosphate particle surface, make its abundant tunicle, different according to the concentration of the poly-gamma-glutamic acid that is sprayed or its salt brine solution and volume can be produced the coating calcium superphosphate that contains different concns poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt.Concentration is that 0.05% poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating slowly discharges the calcium superphosphate particle in soil, and brought up to about 150 day by original 50 days time of releasing, improves utilization rate of fertilizer more than 20%.
Embodiment 6:
The poly-gamma-glutamic acid concentration of embodiment 1 is that 0.05% synergistic urea is applied to the spinach experiment of topdressing.Experimental group and control group experiment area are 1 mu.Experimental group applies fertilizer to the subsoil, sows with control group and manages all identical.Experimental group that different is imposes is the fusion synergistic urea, and control group imposes is common urea.Result such as following table:
Table 2 fusion synergistic urea is to the influence of spinach output
| ? | Control group | Experimental group |
| Fertilizer amount (kg/ mu) | 30? | 30? |
| Output (kg/ mu) | 1438? | 1813? |
| Stimulation ratio (%) | ? | 31.51? |
The result shows, uses the spinach per mu yield of synergistic urea and uses common urea increase by 31.51%.The leaf of spinach look dark green of using synergistic urea, blade is roomy, growing way is fast, and the incidence of disease and pest is relatively low.
Embodiment 7:
Poly-gamma-glutamic acid content is that 0.05% and 0.1% coating synergistic urea is applied to the purple flowering stalk experiment of topdressing among the embodiment 2.Experimental group and control group experiment area are 1 mu.Experimental group applies fertilizer to the subsoil, sows with control group and manages all identical.Testing one group, to impose content be 0.05% poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating synergistic urea; Testing two groups, to impose content be 0.1% poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating synergistic urea; Control group is used common urea.Result such as following table:
Table 3 coating synergistic urea is to the influence of purple flowering stalk output
| ? | Control group | Test one group | Test two groups |
| Fertilising consumption (kg/ mu) | 30? | 30? | 30? |
| Output (kg/ mu) | 990? | 1224? | 1117? |
| Stimulation ratio (%) | ? | 23.56? | 12.79? |
Last table result shows: the purple flowering stalk per mu yield ratio that imposes poly-gamma-glutamic acid content and be 0.05% and 0.1% coating synergistic urea is used common urea increases by 23.56% and 12.79% respectively, and the purple flowering stalk of using the coating synergistic urea does not have that bitter taste, crude fiber content are few, clean taste, quality better.
Embodiment 8:
Coating Synergistic composite fertilizer among the embodiment 3 (N-P-K content 15: 15: 15, the high density organic-inorganic composite fertilizer of organic content 20%, poly-gamma-glutamic acid content are 0.05% (sodium salt)) is applied to the experiment of topdressing of Chinese cabbage field.Experimental group and control group experiment area are 0.5 mu.Experimental group applies fertilizer to the subsoil, sows with control group and manages identical.Experimental group imposes the coating Synergistic composite fertilizer, and control group imposes common composite fertilizer, result such as following table:
Table 4 Synergistic composite fertilizer is to the influence of Chinese cabbage output
| ? | Control group | Experimental group |
| Fertilizer amount (kg/ mu) | 25? | 25? |
| Output (kg/ mu) | 1028? | 1190? |
| Stimulation ratio (%) | ? | 15.79? |
Last table result shows: the Chinese cabbage per mu yield that imposes the coating Synergistic composite fertilizer is used common composite fertilizer increase by 15.79%.
Embodiment 9:
Poly-gamma-glutamic acid content among the embodiment 1 is that 0.05% fusion synergistic urea is applied to the experiment of topdressing of Plantula Brassicae chinensis field.Experimental group is with control group sowing management and apply fertilizer to the subsoil all identical.Experimental group is topdressed and is that fusion synergistic urea, control group topdress and is common urea, and test group and control group area are 0.2 mu.Experimental result such as following table:
Table 5 fusion synergistic urea is to the influence of yield of pakchoi
| ? | Control group | Experimental group |
| Fertilising consumption (kg/ mu) | 20? | 20? |
| Output (kg/ mu) | 996? | 1176? |
| Stimulation ratio (%) | ? | 18.27? |
Last table result shows: the experimental group of using synergistic urea is than control group volume increase 18.27%, and the Plantula Brassicae chinensis disease and pest incidence of use synergistic urea is low, its well developed root system, and the root system vigor is more eager to excel in whatever one does than control group.
Embodiment 10:
Coating synergistic urea among the embodiment 2 is applied to the experiment of topdressing of mater convolvulus field.Experimental group and control group area respectively are 0.1 mu.Experimental group is identical with control group sowing management.It is 0.05% coating synergistic urea that experimental group is topdressed to poly-gamma-glutamic acid content, and control group topdresses and is common urea.The result shows below table:
Table 6 coating synergistic urea is to the influence of mater convolvulus output and quality
| ? | Control group | Experimental group |
| Fertilizer amount (kg/ mu) | 30? | 30? |
| Output (kg/ mu) | 691? | 823? |
| Stimulation ratio (%) | ? | 19.1? |
| Nitrate nitrogen content (ug/g) | 1011.17? | 685.88? |
| Nitrate nitrogen content reduces (%) | ? | 32.17? |
| Soluble sugar content (%) | 1.22? | 1.68? |
| Soluble sugar content increases (%) | ? | 37.70? |
The result shows, imposes the mater convolvulus of poly-gama-glutamic acid building urea, and its output has increased by 19.1%, and the content of soluble sugar has increased by 37.70%, and nitrate content has reduced by 32.17%, and this all has greatly improved to the mater convolvulus yield and quality.
Embodiment 11:
Poly-gamma-glutamic acid content among the embodiment 4,5 is that 0.05% coating synergy carbon ammonium and coating synergy calcium superphosphate are applied to the wheat planting experiment.
Experimental group and control group experiment area respectively are 0.3 mu.Experimental group is with control group sowing management and topdress all identical.Experimental group base fertilizer is 0.05% coating synergy carbon ammonium and coating synergy calcium superphosphate for poly-gamma-glutamic acid content; The base fertilizer of control group is normal ammonium bicarbonate and normal superphosphate.The experimental group rate of fertilizer application reduces 20% than control group.Result such as following table:
Table 7 synergy carbon ammonium and synergy calcium superphosphate are done the influence of base fertilizer to wheat yield
| ? | Control group | Experimental group |
| Carbon ammonium+calcium superphosphate consumption (kg/ mu) | 50+25? | 40+20? |
| Fertilizer amount (%) | 100? | 80? |
| Output (kg/ mu) | 431? | 430? |
The result shows: reduced under 20% the situation in rate of fertilizer application, the output of two groups of wheats still can be identical, fully demonstrates the synergism of poly-gamma-glutamic acid.And the wheat comparison of using the wheat of enhanced fertilizer and using common fertilizer, the leaf look dark green, and blade is roomy, growing way is fast, and disease and pest takes place low.
Embodiment 12:
Coating Synergistic composite fertilizer among the embodiment 3 (N-P-K content 9: 7: 9, the lower concentration organic-inorganic composite fertilizer of organic content 15%, poly-gamma-glutamic acid content are 0.05% (sodium salt)) is applied to the lettuce planting experiment.Test group and control group experiment area are 0.5 mu.Experimental group is sowed, is topdressed with control group and manages identical.Experimental group base fertilizer is the coating synergistic compound fertilizer, and control group base fertilizer is common compound manure, two groups of contrasts after the harvest, and result such as following table:
Table 8 synergistic compound fertilizer is to the influence of lettuce output
| ? | Control group | Experimental group |
| Fertilising consumption (kg/ mu) | 30? | 30? |
| Output (kg/ mu) | 2716? | 3197? |
| Stimulation ratio (%) | ? | 17.7? |
The result shows: the lettuce output that the lettuce rate ratio of using synergistic compound fertilizer is used common compound manure has increased by 17.7%.
Embodiment 13:
Poly-gamma-glutamic acid content among the embodiment 2 is that 0.05% coating synergistic urea and the poly-gamma-glutamic acid content among the embodiment three are that 0.05% coating Synergistic composite fertilizer (compound potassium sulfate fertilizer) is applied to the capsicum field experiment.Experiment area: test one group 0.2 mu, two groups 0.2 mu of experiment, 0.2 mu of control group; It is identical to test one group, two groups of management that apply fertilizer to the subsoil with control group and sow of experiment.Testing topdresses one group of seedling stage is the coating synergistic urea, and topdressing collection period is the coating synergistic compound fertilizer; Testing topdresses two groups of seedling stages is the coating synergistic urea, and consumption is 80% of a conventional fertilizer application amount, topdresses collection period to be the coated compound fertilizer material, and consumption is 80% of a conventional fertilizer application amount; Control group topdresses and be common urea seedling stage, and topdressing collection period is common compound manure, result such as following table:
Table 9 synergistic urea and synergistic compound fertilizer are to the influence of yield of hot pepper and quality
| ? | Control group | Test one group | Test two groups |
| Urea+composite fertilizer's consumption (kg/ mu) | 5+10? | 5+10? | 4+8? |
| Output (kg/ mu) | 2677? | 3673? | 3548? |
| Stimulation ratio (%) | ? | 37.23? | 32.54? |
| Vc content (mg/g) | 25.4736? | 34.8432? | 33.7696? |
| Vc content improves (%) | ? | 36.78? | 32.77? |
The result shows, using coating synergistic urea and coating synergistic compound fertilizer has very big influence to the yield and quality of capsicum, and the yield of hot pepper comparison of testing a group is according to improving 37.23%, and Vc content improves 36.78%.Even under the situation of enhanced fertilizer consumption minimizing 20%, its yield and quality to capsicum still has influence clearly, the yield of hot pepper comparison of testing two groups is according to improving 32.54%, and Vc content improves 32.77%.
Claims (8)
1. poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer, described fertilizer is particulate state, contains chemical fertilizer, it is characterized in that containing poly-gamma-glutamic acid in the described fertilizer, the component concentration of poly-gamma-glutamic acid and chemical fertilizer is by weight: poly-gamma-glutamic acid 0.01～1%, chemical fertilizer surplus; Described poly-gamma-glutamic acid is coated on the surface of granulo-fertilizer, be prepared from through the coating method by poly-gamma-glutamic acid and granulo-fertilizer, promptly be sprayed on the drying processing of chemical fertilizer granule surface and form, form poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating chemical fertilizer by the aqueous solution that contains poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
2. by the poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that described chemical fertilizer is urea, composite fertilizer, carbon ammonium or calcium superphosphate.
3. by the described poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer of claim 2, it is characterized in that described composite fertilizer is inorganic composite fertilizer or organic-inorganic composite fertilizer.
4. by the described poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer of claim 3, it is characterized in that nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and trace element that described inorganic composite fertilizer is meant chemical fertilizer and makes through physics or chemical process or the fertilizer of 2 kinds of elements wherein; Organic-inorganic composite fertilizer is meant in inorganic complex fertilizer and adds the fertilizer that large amount of organic and microbial cells are made.
5. by the described poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer of claim 2, it is characterized in that poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating chemical fertilizer comprises coated carbamide, coated compound fertilizer, coating carbon ammonium and coating calcium superphosphate particle.
6. by claim 1 or 2 described poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizers, it is characterized in that described poly-gamma-glutamic acid is the pure product of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, also comprise containing the poly-gamma-glutamic acid material; Contain the poly-gamma-glutamic acid material and comprise culture or the poly-gamma-glutamic acid salt that contains poly-gamma-glutamic acid, the material and the chemical fertilizer preparation that contain poly-gamma-glutamic acid should be converted out pure poly-gamma-glutamic acid content as its component concentration in fertilizer.
7. by the described poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer of claim 6, it is characterized in that described poly-gamma-glutamic acid salt is the sodium salt of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, sylvite, ammonium salt or its mixing salt; Or be the alkaline earth salt of poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
8. by the described poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that described poly-gamma-glutamic acid coating chemical fertilizer is under 50～100 ℃ of temperature condition, with weight concentration is 0.1～5%, pH is 3.0～6.0 the aqueous solution that contains poly-gamma-glutamic acid, adopt spraying plant that the aqueous solution of poly-gamma-glutamic acid or its salt is fully atomized, uniformly spray in the surface of finished product chemical fertilizer granule, make the abundant coating of chemical fertilizer granule, drying is handled and is formed again.
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| CN2007100526676A CN101117303B (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-07-09 | Poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer |
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| CN2007100526676A CN101117303B (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-07-09 | Poly-gama-glutamic acid building fertilizer |
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| CN101117303B true CN101117303B (en) | 2010-12-15 |
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