CN113575621A - Botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/30—Polygonaceae [Buckwheat family], e.g. red-knees or rhubarb
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide preparation, and particularly relates to a botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus and a preparation method thereof. The botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials: celastrus angulatus, tea saponin, rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei, spina Gleditsiae. The preparation method is simple, the pesticide effect is good, the cucumber mosaic virus can be effectively prevented and treated, the yield increasing effect is achieved, the toxic and side effects are small, and the applied plants do not contain pesticide residues and heavy metals; reducing the harm to human body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide preparation, and particularly relates to a pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cucumber mosaic virus is a typical member of the genus cucumber mosaic virus of the family brome mosaic virus. The cucumber mosaic virus has wide host range and can infect various plants including fruit trees, vegetables, ornamental plants and the like.
The existing control method comprises the steps of timely medication control at the initial stage of aphid, whitefly and thrips besides the agricultural control method, and virus transmission is prevented. The pesticide can be sprayed by 2000 times of liquid of 50 percent pirimicarb wettable powder. Spraying pesticide in seedling stage, applying pesticide once every 7-10 days from two-leaf heart stage to five-leaf one-heart stage of seedling emergence, continuously spraying for 2-3 times, transplanting according to seedling condition and with pesticide in seedling stage, and increasing pesticide spraying times if necessary; after the field is transplanted, the disease is continuously prevented and controlled for 2-3 times after the field is initially attacked, so that the infection can be reduced, and the resistance of the plant can be enhanced. Commonly used green prevention and treatment medicines: 8% ningnanmycin aqueous solution (bacterium Kedug) 300-400 times solution (the dosage per mu is 125-150 g) is selected for spraying. Conventional preventive and therapeutic agents: 20% morpholine guanidine-ethidium copper wettable powder (toxic) 300-; 20% virus A wettable powder is sprayed by 500-600 times (100-125 g/mu). However, the existing prevention and treatment means is not good, and the virus generates certain drug resistance.
In addition, other cucumber mosaic virus control drugs are also available in the prior art, for example, chinese patent application CN103636656A discloses a pesticide composition for controlling cucumber mosaic virus, which comprises common adjuvants, xinjunan acetate and dinotefuran. The weight part ratio of the Xinjunan acetate to the dinotefuran is 20:1-1:20, and the weight percentage of the sum of the Xinjunan acetate and the dinotefuran in the pesticide composition is 5-50%; is suitable for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus diseases, can prevent and treat main propagation media of virus diseases such as aphids, whiteflies and the like, and realizes scientific and comprehensive treatment of the cucumber mosaic virus diseases.
Chinese patent application CN108606012A discloses a pesticide for preventing and treating plant virus diseases, which comprises flowers, radix rehmanniae, prunella vulgaris, dandelion, gypsum, bamboo leaves, radix sophorae flavescentis, coptis chinensis, tribulus terrestris, atractylodes macrocephala koidz, radix puerariae, monkshood, gleditsia sinensis, poria cocos, radix angelicae, cimicifugae foetidae, dendrobium nobile, fructus cnidii, rhizoma anemarrhenae, oriental wormwood, platycodon grandiflorum, folium artemisiae argyi and lithospermum; taking 6 jin of mixed raw materials, putting the mixed raw materials into a stainless steel pot, adding 40 jin of water, boiling the mixed raw materials for 40 minutes with even fire, and stirring the mixed raw materials continuously; pouring out the liquid medicine when the liquid medicine is boiled to the rest 30 jin of water, adding 30 jin of water again to continue boiling, uniformly boiling for 40 minutes, pouring out when the liquid medicine is boiled to the rest 15 jin of water, mixing the liquid medicines obtained in the two times, adding anaerobic bacteria, glucose and sucrose, sealing and fermenting, wherein the medicine fragrance is pure after fermenting for 1 month, and the liquid medicine is not black and odorless; the pH value is 3-5, the fermentation is finished, the pulp and the residue of 100 meshes are separated, and the tobacco mosaic disease, the cucumber mosaic disease and the sweet pepper leaf syncope disease have good prevention and treatment effects.
Although various cucumber mosaic virus prevention and control medicines are available, the quick-acting performance of the pesticides is generally poor, and the pesticides are particularly characterized by poor pest knockdown capability, long death time and low comprehensive prevention effect.
The invention aims to provide a pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus, which can effectively prevent and treat the cucumber mosaic virus and has a yield increasing effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating the cucumber mosaic virus, which has the advantages of simple preparation method, good pesticide effect, capability of effectively preventing and treating the cucumber mosaic virus, yield increase effect, small toxic and side effects, capability of effectively reducing pesticide residue in plants and reduction of personal harm.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a botanical pesticide for preventing and controlling cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials: celastrus angulatus, tea saponin, rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei, spina Gleditsiae.
Preferably, the botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of celastrus angulatus, 1-5 parts of tea saponin, 10-20 parts of polygonum cuspidatum, 10-30 parts of rheum officinale and 20-40 parts of spina gleditsiae.
Preferably, the botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of celastrus angulatus, 2-4 parts of tea saponin, 10-15 parts of polygonum cuspidatum, 12-18 parts of rheum officinale and 22-35 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the plant-derived pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus, which comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) crushing giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, mixing and extracting in deionized water, and filtering to obtain a mixed water extract of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae and residue 1;
(2) decocting radix et rhizoma Rhei in water, and filtering to obtain radix et rhizoma Rhei water extractive solution and residue 2;
(3) mixing the residue 1 and the residue 2, and adding ethanol for extraction to obtain an ethanol extract;
(4) mixing the mixed water extractive solution of rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati and spina Gleditsiae, water extractive solution of radix et rhizoma Rhei and ethanol extractive solution, filtering, treating with macroporous adsorbent resin, eluting with ethanol water solution, and drying to obtain mixed extract of rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the mixed extract of celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Preferably, in the step (1), the amount of the deionized water is 4-6 times of the total mass of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mixed extraction is carried out by firstly extracting for 30-60min with strong fire and then decocting for 1-2h with slow fire.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mixture of diethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400 is added for soaking treatment for 30-60min before the extraction with strong fire.
Preferably, the addition amount of the mixture of the diethylene glycol and the polyethylene glycol 400 is 0.1-0.5% of the total mass of the giant knotweed and the spina gleditsiae.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the diethylene glycol to the polyethylene glycol 400 in the mixture of the diethylene glycol and the polyethylene glycol 400 is 1-2: 4-6.
Preferably, in the step (2), the rhubarb is decocted for 1 to 2 hours.
Preferably, in the step (3), the temperature of the ethanol extraction is 40-60 ℃, and the extraction time is 1-2 h.
Preferably, in the step (4), the macroporous adsorption resin is XAD1600N or XAD 1180N.
Preferably, in step (4), the ethanol aqueous solution is eluted as: eluting with 60-75 wt% ethanol water solution with 1-3 BV; eluting with 10-15 wt% ethanol water solution with 1-3 BV; finally eluting with 30-45 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3-5 BV; the elution rate is 1-3 BV/h; after elution, collecting the eluent and mixing to obtain the ethanol water solution eluent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical advantages that:
(1) the botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus provided by the invention has good pesticide effect, can effectively prevent and treat cucumber mosaic virus, promotes plant growth, and improves yield; the applied plants do not contain pesticide residues and heavy metals.
(2) The tea saponin, the celastrus angulatus and the mixed extract of the giant knotweed, the rhubarb and the spina gleditsiae are used, so that the synergistic effect is good, and the use of the tea saponin has good synergy on the pesticide, on one hand, the tea saponin has good surface activity, so that the stability of the pesticide can be improved, the pesticide effect can be improved, on the other hand, the surface tension of the pesticide can be reduced, the attachment amount of the pesticide on the surface of the plant leaf can be increased, the penetration effect of the pesticide can be increased, the absorption of the plant on the pesticide can be increased, and the biological activity of the pesticide can be promoted.
(3) The giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae are mixed and extracted to effectively promote the extraction of the active ingredients of the medicine and increase the medicine effect, and meanwhile, the mixture of the diethylene glycol and the polyethylene glycol 400 is added for soaking treatment before heating extraction, so that the dissolution of the active ingredients is promoted in the heating process, the extraction efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine ingredients is improved, and the utilization rate of the raw materials is increased.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples to make the technical aspects of the present invention easier to understand and grasp, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of celastrus angulatus, 2 parts of tea saponin, 10 parts of giant knotweed, 12 parts of rhubarb and 35 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The preparation method of the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) crushing giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, mixing the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae in deionized water of which the mass is 5 times that of the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, adding a mixture (in a mass ratio of 2: 5) of 0.4 wt% of diethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400, soaking for 40min, boiling and extracting for 40min with strong fire, then decocting for 2h with slow fire, and filtering to obtain a mixed water extract of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae and residue 1;
(2) decocting radix et rhizoma Rhei in water for 1 hr, and filtering to obtain radix et rhizoma Rhei water extractive solution and residue 2;
(3) mixing the residue 1 and the residue 2, and extracting with ethanol at 45 deg.C for 1 hr to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
(4) mixing a mixed water extract of polygonum cuspidatum and spina gleditsiae, a water extract of rhubarb and an ethanol extract, filtering, treating by XAD1600N macroporous adsorption resin, eluting by using a 60 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 12 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 40 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 4BV, and drying at the elution rate of 2BV/h to prepare a mixed extract of polygonum cuspidatum, rhubarb and spina gleditsiae;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the mixed extract of celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Example 2
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of celastrus angulatus, 5 parts of tea saponin, 20 parts of giant knotweed, 10 parts of rhubarb and 20 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The preparation method of the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) crushing giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, mixing the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae in deionized water of which the mass is 4 times that of the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, adding a mixture (in a mass ratio of 1: 4) of 0.1 wt% of diethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400, soaking for 30min, boiling and extracting for 60min with strong fire, then decocting for 1h with slow fire, and filtering to obtain a mixed water extract of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae and residue 1;
(2) decocting radix et rhizoma Rhei in water for 2 hr, and filtering to obtain radix et rhizoma Rhei water extractive solution and residue 2;
(3) mixing the residue 1 and the residue 2, and extracting with ethanol at 60 deg.C for 1 hr to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
(4) mixing a mixed water extract of polygonum cuspidatum and spina gleditsiae, a rhubarb water extract and an ethanol extract, filtering, treating by XAD1600N macroporous adsorption resin, eluting by using 75 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 1BV, eluting by using 15 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 1BV, eluting by using 30 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 5BV, and drying at the elution rate of 1BV/h to prepare a mixed extract of polygonum cuspidatum, rhubarb and spina gleditsiae;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the mixed extract of celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Example 3
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of celastrus angulatus, 1 part of tea saponin, 10 parts of giant knotweed, 30 parts of rhubarb and 40 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The preparation method of the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) crushing giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, mixing the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae in deionized water of which the mass is 6 times that of the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, adding a mixture (in a mass ratio of 1: 6) of 0.5 wt% of diethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400, soaking for 60min, boiling and extracting for 30min with strong fire, then decocting for 2h with slow fire, and filtering to obtain a mixed water extract of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae and residue 1;
(2) decocting radix et rhizoma Rhei in water for 1 hr, and filtering to obtain radix et rhizoma Rhei water extractive solution and residue 2;
(3) mixing the residue 1 and the residue 2, and extracting with ethanol at 40 deg.C for 2 hr to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
(4) mixing a mixed water extract of polygonum cuspidatum and spina gleditsiae, a water extract of rhubarb and an ethanol extract, filtering, treating by XAD1180N macroporous adsorption resin, eluting by using a 60 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 10 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 45 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, and drying at the elution rate of 3BV/h to prepare a mixed extract of polygonum cuspidatum, rhubarb and spina gleditsiae;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the mixed extract of celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Example 4
The difference compared to example 1 is that the raw material was not subjected to the soaking treatment.
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of celastrus angulatus, 2 parts of tea saponin, 10 parts of giant knotweed, 12 parts of rhubarb and 35 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The preparation method of the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) pulverizing rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati and spina Gleditsiae, mixing in 5 times of deionized water, boiling with strong fire for 40min, decocting with slow fire for 2 hr, and filtering to obtain mixed water extractive solution of rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati and spina Gleditsiae and residue 1;
(2) decocting radix et rhizoma Rhei in water for 1 hr, and filtering to obtain radix et rhizoma Rhei water extractive solution and residue 2;
(3) mixing the residue 1 and the residue 2, and extracting with ethanol at 45 deg.C for 1 hr to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
(4) mixing a mixed water extract of polygonum cuspidatum and spina gleditsiae, a water extract of rhubarb and an ethanol extract, filtering, treating by XAD1600N macroporous adsorption resin, eluting by using a 60 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 12 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 40 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 4BV, and drying at the elution rate of 2BV/h to prepare a mixed extract of polygonum cuspidatum, rhubarb and spina gleditsiae;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the mixed extract of celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Example 5
The difference compared to the examples is that diethylene glycol is not added.
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of celastrus angulatus, 2 parts of tea saponin, 10 parts of giant knotweed, 12 parts of rhubarb and 35 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The preparation method of the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) crushing giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, mixing the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae in deionized water of which the mass is 5 times that of the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, adding 0.4 wt% (based on the total mass of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae) of polyethylene glycol 400, soaking for 40min, boiling and extracting for 40min with strong fire, then decocting for 2h with slow fire, and filtering to obtain a mixed water extract of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae and residue 1;
(2) decocting radix et rhizoma Rhei in water for 1 hr, and filtering to obtain radix et rhizoma Rhei water extractive solution and residue 2;
(3) mixing the residue 1 and the residue 2, and extracting with ethanol at 45 deg.C for 1 hr to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
(4) mixing a mixed water extract of polygonum cuspidatum and spina gleditsiae, a water extract of rhubarb and an ethanol extract, filtering, treating by XAD1600N macroporous adsorption resin, eluting by using a 60 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 12 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 40 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 4BV, and drying at the elution rate of 2BV/h to prepare a mixed extract of polygonum cuspidatum, rhubarb and spina gleditsiae;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the mixed extract of celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Example 6
The difference compared to example 1 is that no polyethylene glycol 400 was added.
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of celastrus angulatus, 2 parts of tea saponin, 10 parts of giant knotweed, 12 parts of rhubarb and 35 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The preparation method of the pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) crushing giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, mixing the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae in deionized water of which the mass is 5 times that of the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, adding 0.4 wt% (based on the total mass of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae) of diethylene glycol, soaking for 40min, boiling and extracting for 40min with strong fire, then decocting for 2h with slow fire, and filtering to obtain a mixed water extract of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae and residue 1;
(2) decocting radix et rhizoma Rhei in water for 1 hr, and filtering to obtain radix et rhizoma Rhei water extractive solution and residue 2;
(3) mixing the residue 1 and the residue 2, and extracting with ethanol at 45 deg.C for 1 hr to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
(4) mixing a mixed water extract of polygonum cuspidatum and spina gleditsiae, a water extract of rhubarb and an ethanol extract, filtering, treating by XAD1600N macroporous adsorption resin, eluting by using a 60 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 12 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 40 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 4BV, and drying at the elution rate of 2BV/h to prepare a mixed extract of polygonum cuspidatum, rhubarb and spina gleditsiae;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the mixed extract of celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Example 7
The difference compared to example 1 is the different elution process.
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of celastrus angulatus, 2 parts of tea saponin, 10 parts of giant knotweed, 12 parts of rhubarb and 35 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The preparation method of the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) - (3) the same procedure as in example 1;
(4) mixing the mixed water extract of rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati and spina Gleditsiae, the water extract of radix et rhizoma Rhei and ethanol extract, filtering, treating with XAD1600N macroporous adsorbent resin, eluting with 10BV 45 wt% ethanol water solution at an elution rate of 2BV/h, and drying to obtain mixed extract of rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the mixed extract of celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Comparative example 1
The difference compared to example 1 is that equal amount of celastrol was used instead of tea saponin.
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of celastrus angulatus, 10 parts of giant knotweed, 12 parts of rhubarb and 35 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The preparation method of the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) - (4) the same procedure as in example 1;
(5) mixing the celastrus angulatus extract with the mixed extract of rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Comparative example 2
In comparison to example 1, the same amount of tea saponin was used instead of the carpesin.
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of tea saponin, 10 parts of giant knotweed, 12 parts of rhubarb and 35 parts of spina gleditsiae.
The preparation method of the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) - (4) the same procedure as in example 1;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding mixed extract of rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
Comparative example 3
The difference in use compared to example 1 is the use of wrinkled giant hyssop instead of spina gleditsiae.
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of celastrus angulatus, 2 parts of tea saponin, 10 parts of giant knotweed, 12 parts of rhubarb and 35 parts of wrinkled gianthyssop herb.
The preparation method of the plant source pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) crushing giant knotweed rhizome and wrinkled gianthyssop herb, mixing the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and wrinkled gianthyssop herb in deionized water of which the mass is 5 times that of the crushed giant knotweed rhizome and wrinkled gianthyssop herb, adding a mixture (in a mass ratio of 2: 5) of 0.4 wt% of diethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400, soaking for 40min, boiling and extracting for 40min with strong fire, then decocting for 2h with slow fire, and filtering to obtain mixed water extract of the giant knotweed rhizome and the wrinkled gianthyssop herb and residue 1;
(2) decocting radix et rhizoma Rhei in water for 1 hr, and filtering to obtain radix et rhizoma Rhei water extractive solution and residue 2;
(3) mixing the residue 1 and the residue 2, and extracting with ethanol at 45 deg.C for 1 hr to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
(4) mixing a mixed water extract of polygonum cuspidatum and agastache rugosus, a water extract of rhubarb and an ethanol extract, filtering, treating by XAD1600N macroporous adsorption resin, eluting by using a 60 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 12 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3BV, eluting by using a 40 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 4BV, and drying at the elution rate of 2BV/h to prepare a mixed extract of polygonum cuspidatum, rheum officinale and agastache rugosus;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the extract of Celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and herba Agastaches.
Evaluation of Effect
1. Inhibitory effect on cucumber mosaic virus
The example group and the comparative example group are prepared into emulsifiable solution with the effective content of 1.5 percent for standby according to the methods of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 respectively. Positive drug group: a1.5% aqueous solution of moroxydine and copper acetate is selected.
The test solutions were prepared by diluting the test solutions 200-fold in the examples, comparative examples, and positive drugs.
The cucumber early flowering period which is vigorous in growth and consistent in growth is selected as a blight host by adopting a half-leaf blight method for determination. Taking vein as boundary, inoculating the left half leaf with a mixed solution of liquid medicine and virus in equal volume, inoculating the right half leaf with a mixed solution of distilled water and virus in equal volume as control, inoculating the virus with concentration of 10 μ g/mL, inactivating for 5min, and immediately washing the surface of the inoculated leaf with clear water. Examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were carried out in groups, 4 leaves were inoculated per treatment, the test was repeated 3 times, and after 3 days, the number of scorched spots was counted to calculate the inhibition rate. Inhibition (%) - (control number of scorched spots-number of scorched spots treated)/control number of scorched spots × 100%; the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 inhibition Rate
| Test group | Inhibition ratio% |
| Example 1 | 94.6 |
| Example 2 | 95.3 |
| Example 3 | 93.7 |
| Example 4 | 74.5 |
| Example 5 | 90.6 |
| Example 6 | 88.1 |
| Example 7 | 81.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 70.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 64.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 71.8 |
| Positive drug group | 63.2 |
Therefore, the plant-derived pesticide provided by the invention has good inhibition on cucumber mosaic virus.
2. Growth promoting action of cucumber
Preparing emulsifiable solution with the effective content of 1.5% for later use by the example group and the comparative example group according to the methods of examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-3 respectively; the control group was distilled water.
Selecting a cucumber variety 'Jinyou No. 1', cultivating cucumber seedlings, and transplanting and planting the cucumber seedlings according to the number of 3000 plants/mu; after the cucumber is transplanted, selecting 10m for each group2Spraying the medicament once every week in a cell, wherein the spraying amount is 100 ml/mu of the preparation each time; spraying equal amount of distilled water to control group; after 4 consecutive weeks; and (5) counting the average growth condition of each group of cucumbers.
TABLE 2 cucumber growth promoting action
| Test group | Plant height (cm) | Stem diameter (mm) |
| Example 1 | 21.8 | 5.9 |
| Example 2 | 20.9 | 6.3 |
| Example 3 | 21.3 | 5.8 |
| Example 4 | 18.5 | 3.2 |
| Example 5 | 16.7 | 4.4 |
| Example 6 | 19.1 | 4.9 |
| Example 7 | 18.8 | 4.7 |
| Comparative example 1 | 14.2 | 3.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 11.6 | 2.9 |
| Comparative example 3 | 12.1 | 3.7 |
| Control group | 8.5 | 2.3 |
Therefore, the botanical pesticide provided by the invention can effectively promote the growth of cucumbers.
The above detailed description is specific to one possible embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention should be included in the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A botanical pesticide for preventing and controlling cucumber mosaic virus comprises the following raw materials: celastrus angulatus, tea saponin, rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei, spina Gleditsiae.
2. The plant-derived pesticide for controlling cucumber mosaic virus as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of celastrus angulatus, 1-5 parts of tea saponin, 10-20 parts of polygonum cuspidatum, 10-30 parts of rheum officinale and 20-40 parts of spina gleditsiae.
3. The plant-derived pesticide for controlling cucumber mosaic virus as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of celastrus angulatus, 2-4 parts of tea saponin, 10-15 parts of polygonum cuspidatum, 12-18 parts of rheum officinale and 22-35 parts of spina gleditsiae.
4. A method for preparing a plant-derived pesticide for controlling cucumber mosaic virus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing giant knotweed rhizome and spina gleditsiae, mixing and extracting in deionized water, and filtering to obtain a mixed water extract of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae and residue 1;
(2) decocting radix et rhizoma Rhei in water, and filtering to obtain radix et rhizoma Rhei water extractive solution and residue 2;
(3) mixing the residue 1 and the residue 2, and adding ethanol for extraction to obtain an ethanol extract;
(4) mixing the mixed water extractive solution of rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati and spina Gleditsiae, water extractive solution of radix et rhizoma Rhei and ethanol extractive solution, filtering, treating with macroporous adsorbent resin, eluting with ethanol water solution, and drying to obtain mixed extract of rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae;
(5) dissolving tea saponin in water, and adding the mixed extract of celastrus angulatus and rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix et rhizoma Rhei and spina Gleditsiae.
5. The method for preparing a botanical pesticide for controlling cucumber mosaic virus according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the dosage of the deionized water is 4-6 times of the total mass of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae; in the step (1), the mixed extraction is carried out by firstly extracting for 30-60min with strong fire and then decocting for 1-2h with slow fire.
6. The method for preparing botanical pesticide for controlling cucumber mosaic virus as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the mixture of diethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400 is added for soaking treatment for 30-60min before the extraction with big fire; the addition amount of the mixture of the diethylene glycol and the polyethylene glycol 400 is 0.1-0.5% of the total mass of the giant knotweed rhizome and the spina gleditsiae.
7. The method for preparing a botanical pesticide for controlling cucumber mosaic virus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the diethylene glycol to the polyethylene glycol 400 in the mixture of the diethylene glycol and the polyethylene glycol 400 is 1-2: 4-6.
8. The method for preparing a botanical pesticide for controlling cucumber mosaic virus as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the rhubarb is decocted for 1-2 h; in the step (3), the temperature of the ethanol extraction is 40-60 ℃, and the extraction time is 1-2 h.
9. The method for preparing a plant-derived pesticide for controlling cucumber mosaic virus according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the macroporous adsorbent resin is XAD1600N or XAD 1180N.
10. The method for preparing a botanical pesticide for controlling cucumber mosaic virus as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the ethanol aqueous solution is eluted as: eluting with 60-75 wt% ethanol water solution with 1-3 BV; eluting with 10-15 wt% ethanol water solution with 1-3 BV; finally eluting with 30-45 wt% ethanol water solution with the dosage of 3-5 BV; the elution rate is 1-3 BV/h; after elution, collecting the eluent and mixing to obtain the ethanol water solution eluent.
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| CN1287787A (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2001-03-21 | 李世芳 | Chinese herb medicinal plant type fungicidal and insecticidal agent, and prepn. therefor |
| CN1961667A (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2007-05-16 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | A pesticide composition for preventing and treating plant disease and application thereof |
| CN101766195A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-07-07 | 北京清源保生物科技有限公司 | Combination for preventing and treating plant virosis and application thereof |
| CN107660535A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-02-06 | 四川利尔作物科学有限公司 | Composition pesticide and its application |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1287787A (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2001-03-21 | 李世芳 | Chinese herb medicinal plant type fungicidal and insecticidal agent, and prepn. therefor |
| CN1961667A (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2007-05-16 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | A pesticide composition for preventing and treating plant disease and application thereof |
| CN101766195A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-07-07 | 北京清源保生物科技有限公司 | Combination for preventing and treating plant virosis and application thereof |
| CN107660535A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-02-06 | 四川利尔作物科学有限公司 | Composition pesticide and its application |
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