CN113543997A - 具有分离离合器和无补偿致动单元的混合动力模块、以及传动系 - Google Patents

具有分离离合器和无补偿致动单元的混合动力模块、以及传动系 Download PDF

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CN113543997A
CN113543997A CN202080017571.XA CN202080017571A CN113543997A CN 113543997 A CN113543997 A CN 113543997A CN 202080017571 A CN202080017571 A CN 202080017571A CN 113543997 A CN113543997 A CN 113543997A
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hybrid module
pressure chamber
carrier
clutch
spring unit
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D·霍夫施泰特尔
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/06—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch
    • F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
    • F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
    • F16D25/0635—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D25/0638—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
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    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F16D2021/0661—Hydraulically actuated multiple lamellae clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F16D2021/0692—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric with two clutches arranged axially without radial overlap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的传动系(2)的混合动力模块(1)，该混合动力模块具有：壳体(3)；输入轴(4)，该输入轴可以相对于壳体(3)旋转并且连接至内燃发动机；电机(5)；承载件(7)，该承载件与电机(5)的转子(6)旋转地联接；分离离合器(8)，该分离离合器被操作性地引入输入轴(4)与承载件(7)之间；以及液压的致动单元(9)，该致动单元将分离离合器(8)调节处于关闭位置与打开位置当中，其中，致动单元(9)具有作用在分离离合器(8)的多个摩擦元件(10a、10b)上的滑动元件(11)，并且该滑动元件(11)朝向滑动元件的第一轴向侧部(12a)与承载件(7)一起封围液压室(13)并且朝向滑动元件的第二轴向侧部(12b)被复位弹簧单元(14)施加轴向的复位力，其中，复位弹簧单元(14)和压力室(13)被设计且彼此协调成使得：当混合动力模块(1)运行时，随着旋转承载件(7)的旋转速度达到3000rpm，由复位弹簧单元(14)产生的复位力大于压力室(13)的由压力室(13)中的离心力所产生的轴向调节力，该轴向调节力与所述滑动元件(11)上的沿关闭位置的方向的复位力轴向地相反。本发明还涉及一种具有该混合动力模块(1)的传动系(2)。

Description

具有分离离合器和无补偿致动单元的混合动力模块、以及传 动系
技术领域
本发明涉及用于诸如汽车、卡车、公共汽车或其他多用途车辆之类的机动车辆的传动系的混合动力模块，该混合动力模块具有：壳体；输入轴，该输入轴可以相对于壳体旋转并且连接至内燃发动机；电机；承载件，该承载件与电机的转子旋转地联接；分离离合器，该分离离合器被操作性地引入于输入轴与承载件之间；以及液压的致动单元，该液压的致动单元被设计成将分离离合器调节处于关闭位置与打开位置当中，其中，致动单元具有作用在分离离合器的多个摩擦元件上的滑动元件，并且该滑动元件朝向滑动元件的第一轴向侧部与承载件一起封围液压室并且朝向滑动元件的第二轴向侧部被复位弹簧单元施加轴向的复位力。
背景技术
具有旋转穿引部的通用类型的混合动力模块例如从WO 2019/015714 A1中是已知的。在已知的旋转穿引部中，在运行期间作用的离心力会导致压力室内的压力波动。补偿室通常用于补偿由离心力引起的这些压力波动。
然而，补偿室的缺点在于该补偿室占据了相对大的轴向安装空间。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目地是消除从现有技术已知的缺点，并且特别地，是提供一种即使在(机械)离心力补偿的情况下仍具有紧凑设计的混合动力模块。
这根据本发明来实现，复位弹簧单元和压力室被设计和彼此协调成使得：当混合动力模块运行时，随着旋转承载件的旋转速度达到至少3000rpm，复位弹簧产生的复位力大于由压力室中产生的离心力所产生的复位力，压力室的轴向调节力与沿关闭位置的方向作用在滑动元件上的复位力轴向地相反。因此，致动单元被设计成没有补偿室。
如此坚固设计的复位弹簧单元意味着可以省略先前用于使补偿室移动的附加部件。这使设计明显更紧凑。
其他的有利实施方式通过从属权利要求来要求保护并且在下面更详细地说明。
关于复位弹簧单元的设计，已经发现的是，如果复位弹簧单元和压力室被设计和协调成使得：在运行中，随着承载件的旋转速度达到至少4000rpm、优选地至少6000rpm、更优选地至少8000rpm、特别优选地至少10000rpm，由复位弹簧单元产生的复位力大于压力室的由压力室中的离心力所产生的轴向调节力，则在较高速车辆中使用是有利的。
如果复位弹簧单元具有多个弹簧元件，弹簧元件中的每个弹簧元件优选地实现为螺旋压缩弹簧，则可以产生最大可能的复位力。
此外，如果在承载件中设置有液压旋转穿引部，该液压旋转穿引部连接至压力室并且进一步连接至壳体侧部上的通道系统，则是有利的。因此，旋转穿引部被设计得节省空间。
如果滑动元件的径向延伸至压力室外部的致动套环直接实现为压力罐并且与分离离合器的摩擦元件相互作用，则也是有利的。因此，滑动元件被制成在轴向上特别紧凑。
如果滑动元件由金属片材形成为一件式的，则也是有用的。
如果滑动元件直接具有轴向突出的导引套环，该导引套环在承载件的支承基部上以可滑动的方式被导引，则进一步简化了致动单元的构造。
支承基部方便地安装成使得该支承基部可以借助于支承轴承相对于壳体进一步旋转。
如果密封压力室的第一密封件轴向固定在承载件内的凹部中，则可以实现甚至更加节省空间的布置结构。
此外，如果密封压力室的第二密封件以不可移位的方式接纳在承载件上，则是有利的。
如果除了分离离合器之外还设置有从分离离合器轴向偏移的至少一个另外的离合器，则另外的离合器可以进一步连接至变速器。
本发明还涉及一种用于机动车辆的传动系，该传动系具有根据本发明的根据前述实施例中的至少一个实施例的混合动力模块。
换句话说，根据本发明，在无需补偿的情况下实现具有旋转穿引部的离合器K0(分离离合器)。为了避免分离离合器在速度增加和压力室中的离心力相关联地增加的情况下意外关闭，分离离合器的复位弹簧(复位弹簧单元)被设计成特别坚固的。
附图说明
在下文中，现在参照附图对本发明进行更详细地说明。
单独的图1示出了根据本发明的根据优选示例性实施例设计的混合动力模块的纵向截面图，其中，相交的部件在没有阴影的情况下示出。
附图在本质上仅是示意性的并且因此仅用于理解本发明。
具体实施方式
图1图示了根据本发明的混合动力模块1的优选示例性实施例。混合动力模块1通常实现为包括电机5(为了清楚起见仅在其转子6的部分上示出)和至少一个、在此甚至是三个离合器8、25a、25b的组合结构单元。混合动力模块1在运行期间布置在机动车辆的传动系2中，原理上在图1中示出。特别地，沿着旋转中心轴线28观察到，混合动力模块1被插入于内燃发动机的输出轴与变速器的多个变速器输入轴之间。电机5的存在意味着混合动力模块1用于实现混合动力传动系2。
混合动力模块1具有输入轴4。输入轴4在运行期间以不可旋转的方式连接至内燃发动机的输出轴。输入轴4安装成使得该输入轴可以相对于混合动力模块1的部分图示的壳体3旋转。输入轴4穿过壳体3并且突出到混合动力模块1/壳体3的内部中。在布置于混合动力模块1内的区域中，输入轴4连接至分离离合器8。在此实现为多板离合器、即摩擦多板离合器的分离离合器8具有第一离合器部件29a，该第一离合器部件以不可旋转的方式连接至输入轴4。为此，分离离合器8的罐状板承载件30以不可旋转的方式直接地紧固至输入轴4。分离离合器8的第一离合器部件29a除了板承载件30之外还具有多个第一摩擦元件10a，第一摩擦元件以不可旋转但相对于彼此轴向可移位的方式保持在板承载件30上。
分离离合器8的第二联接部件29b被接纳在中央承载件7上，第二联接部件可以可选地连接至第一联接部件29a，中央承载件安装成使得该中央承载件可以相对于壳体3旋转。承载件7形成套筒状的扭矩传递区域31，电机5的转子6直接地接纳在扭矩传递区域的径向外侧部32上。扭矩传递区域31具有内齿33，该内齿33直接地形成第二离合器部件29b。分离离合器8的多个第二摩擦元件10b以不可旋转并且相对于彼此轴向可移位的方式直接地接纳在内齿33上。
分离离合器8的第一摩擦元件10a和第二摩擦元件10b以典型的方式沿轴向方向彼此交替地布置。因此，第一摩擦元件10a和第二摩擦元件10b轴向地布置在与扭矩传递区域31/转子6相同的高度处并且径向地布置在扭矩传递区域31内。在分离离合器8的打开位置中，摩擦元件10a、10b彼此旋转地断开联接；在分离离合器8的关闭位置中，摩擦元件10a、10b利用摩擦连接彼此压靠。
为了将分离离合器致动处于分离离合器8的打开位置与关闭位置当中，设置有液压的致动单元9，该致动单元根据本发明根据实施例来实现。致动单元9配备有滑动元件11。滑动元件11直接地接纳在承载件7上并且因此以不可旋转的方式联接至该承载件。滑动元件11由金属片材形成为一件式的。滑动元件11在径向内部上形成活塞区域34，该活塞区域34在承载件7的接纳空间35中被导引，从而形成密封的液压室13。接纳空间35特别地被实现为环形的周向凹部。滑动元件11在其第一轴向侧部12a上面对承载件7的形成接纳空间35的区域并且与该区域一起封围压力室13。在背向第一轴向侧部12a的第二轴向侧部12b上，复位弹簧单元14直接地作用在滑动元件11上。相对于承载件7牢固地支承的复位弹簧单元14抵抗压力室13中产生的压缩力/致动力/调节力应用于滑动元件11。
滑动元件11在活塞区域34的径向内部上具有轴向突出的导引套环19。导引套环19在承载件7的支承基部21上被直接地导引，该支承基部同样沿轴向方向延伸。支承基部21又借助于支承轴承27相对于壳体3安装，该支承轴承在此以滚子轴承、即滚珠轴承的形式来实现。支承基部21被径向的连接通道36穿过，该连接通道直接地连接至壳体3的液压通道系统16并且与液压通道系统一起形成旋转穿引部17。经由通道系统16和旋转穿引部17连同连接通道36，液压介质因此可以被馈送至压力室13或从该压力室中移除以调节分离离合器8。
在图1中，分离离合器8的打开位置被实现。为了关闭分离离合器8，向压力室13施加液压压力，并且一旦该压力超过由复位弹簧单元14产生的复位力，则滑动元件11移位成使得：该滑动元件将摩擦元件10a、10b以摩擦配合的方式压靠彼此。
如还可以看到的，滑动元件11配备有致动套环18，该致动套环也轴向地、径向地突出到活塞区域34和压力室13外部。致动套环18直接地用作压力罐并且在该实施例中对分离离合器8的布置在端部处的第二摩擦元件10b具有调节作用。布置在端部处的第二摩擦元件10b也被称为压力板。
根据本发明，复位弹簧单元14和压力室13被设计且彼此协调成使得：在混合动力模块1运行中，随着旋转承载件7的旋转速度达到10,000rpm，由复位弹簧单元14产生的复位力大于压力室13的由该压力室13中的离心力所产生的轴向调节力，该轴向调节力与作用在滑动元件11上的复位力轴向地相反。在低于10,000rpm的旋转速度下并且当具有液压压力的压力室13没有附加的加压时，滑动元件11因此保持处于与分离离合器8的打开位置对应的位置/静止位置，如图1中所示。因此，第二轴向侧部12b可以在没有补偿室的情况下实现。因此，在整个致动单元9中没有实现补偿室。
复位弹簧单元14在图1中仅在呈螺旋压缩弹簧形式的弹簧元件15的部分上示出。原则上，根据另一实施例，如果复位弹簧单元14具有多个弹簧元件15，则也是有利的。这些多个弹簧元件15优选地以沿周向方向分布的方式布置。然而，如果多个弹簧元件15组合在共同的弹簧组件中并且例如，被设计为螺旋压缩弹簧的第一弹簧元件布置在也被设计为螺旋压缩弹簧的另外的第二弹簧元件内，则也是有利的。板簧形成为弹簧元件15也在根据本发明的另外的实施例中实现。根据图1，弹簧元件15在该弹簧元件的第一端部处支承在滑动元件11上并且在该弹簧元件的第二端部处轴向地固定在承载件7上，即固定在支承基部21上。为此，牢固地支承在承载件7上的中心元件37经由直接接纳在承载件7上的固定环38来支承。
为了密封压力室13，第一密封件22轴向地固定在承载件7中的支承基部21的凹部23中，即轴向地固定在支承基部21中。该第一密封件22用于从压力室13的径向内部密封支承基部21与导引套环19之间的第一径向间隙。在该实施例中，将另外的第二密封件24直接地应用于滑动元件11。第二密封件24用于朝向压力室13的径向外部密封承载件7与滑动元件11之间的第二径向间隙。
除了分离离合器8之外，在混合动力模块1中设置有两个离合器25a、25b，每个离合器形成双离合器26的部分离合器，使得混合动力模块1作为整体具有三离合器。两个部分离合器25a、25b各自插入在承载件7与变速器的变速器输入轴之间，为了清楚起见在此未示出。第一部分离合器25a被操作性地引入承载件7与第一变速器输入轴之间，并且第二部分离合器25b被操作性地引入承载件7与第二变速器输入轴之间。
在此还应当注意的是，具有摩擦元件10a、10b的分离离合器8沿径向方向布置在与第一部分离合器25a的多个摩擦元件39a、39b相同的高度处。第一部分离合器25a的第一摩擦元件39a和第二摩擦元件39b也沿轴向方向布置在与转子6/扭矩传递区域31相同的高度处。
第二部分离合器25b的多个摩擦元件40a、40b径向地布置在第一分离合器25a的摩擦元件39a、39b和分离离合器8的摩擦元件10a、10b内。第二部分离合器25b的第一摩擦元件40a和第二摩擦元件40b也沿轴向方向布置在与转子6相同的高度处。第一部分离合器25a和第二部分离合器25b的结构对应于摩擦多板离合器的常用结构，因为第一部分离合器和第二部分离合器的结构已经由分离离合器8实现。
部分离合器25a、25b经由另外的离合器致动系统20被致动，该离合器致动系统又具有用于每个部分离合器25a、25b的子单元。离合器致动系统20至少部分地径向布置在第二部分离合器25b的摩擦元件40a、40b内部。
换句话说，根据本发明，可以减小轴向安装空间并且消除离合器K0(分离离合器8)的单独的旋转速度补偿。作为应对措施，复位弹簧(复位弹簧单元14)被设计成特别坚固的。
常用的、先前利用补偿室实现的补偿工作如下：离合器K0经由压力罐(滑动元件11)致动。所需的力由压力室13中的油压力产生。油压力由变速箱液压系统提供。复位弹簧14具有下述作用：压力罐11直到达到特定的油压力并且离合器8关闭时才会移动。当离合器8开始旋转时，压力室13中的油也旋转。在此作用的离心力在压力室13中产生所谓的离心油力压，该离心油压力也作用在压力罐11上。如果该离心油压力大于复位弹簧14的复位力，则离合器8在无意的情况下开始关闭。为了防止这种情况，补偿室/补偿空间迄今一直位于压力罐11的后侧部12b上。补偿室受密封承载件限制。补偿空间充满未加压的油。当离合器8旋转时，补偿室中产生的离心油压力抵消压力室13中产生的离心油压力，并且作用在压力罐11上的力被完全地或至少部分地补偿。这具有下述效果：压力罐11根本不开始移动或仅以显著更高的旋转速度开始移动。根据本发明，单独的离心油补偿被省去。换句话说，先前的密封承载件以及因此整个补偿空间被省去；也无需向补偿室供应油。这些元件的省去导致轴向空间需求的减少。在根据本发明的实施例之后，离合器K0的致动保持如上所述。根据本发明，复位弹簧15被明显地加强，并且因此复位弹簧力大于压力室13中的离心油压力产生的力。或者，增加复位弹簧15的数目，使得复位弹簧力也大于压力室13中的离心油压力产生的力。
附图标记说明
1混合动力模块 2传动系 3壳体 4输入轴 5电机 6转子 7承载件 8分离离合器 9致动单元 10a分离离合器的第一摩擦元件 10b分离离合器的第二摩擦元件 11滑动元件12a第一侧部 12b第二侧部 13压力室 14复位弹簧单元 15弹簧元件 16通道系统 17旋转穿引部 18致动套环 19导引套环 20离合器致动系统 21支承基部 22第一密封件 23凹部24第二密封件 25a第一部分离合器 25b第二部分离合器 26双离合器 27支承轴承 28旋转轴线 29a分离离合器的第一离合器部件 29b分离离合器的第二离合器部件 30板承载件31扭矩传递区域 32外侧部 33内齿 34活塞区域 35接纳空间 36连接通道 37中心元件 38固定环 39a第一离合器的第一摩擦元件 39b第一离合器的第二摩擦元件 40a第二离合器的第一摩擦元件 40b第二离合器的第二摩擦元件。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于机动车辆的传动系(2)的混合动力模块(1)，所述混合动力模块具有：壳体(3)；输入轴(4)，所述输入轴能够相对于所述壳体(3)旋转并且连接至内燃发动机；电机(5)；承载件(7)，所述承载件与所述电机(5)的转子(6)旋转地联接；分离离合器(8)，所述分离离合器被操作性地引入所述输入轴(4)与所述承载件(7)之间；以及液压的致动单元(9)，所述致动单元被设计成将所述分离离合器(8)调节处于关闭位置与打开位置当中，其中，所述致动单元(9)具有作用在所述分离离合器(8)的多个摩擦元件(10a、10b)上的滑动元件(11)，并且所述滑动元件(11)朝向所述滑动元件的第一轴向侧部(12a)与所述承载件(7)一起封围液压室(13)，并且朝向所述滑动元件的第二轴向侧部(12b)被复位弹簧单元(14)施加轴向的复位力，其特征在于，所述复位弹簧单元(14)与所述压力室(13)被设计且彼此协调成使得：当所述混合动力模块(1)运行时，随着旋转承载件(7)的旋转速度达到至少3000rpm，由所述复位弹簧单元(14)产生的所述复位力大于所述压力室(13)的由所述压力室(13)中的离心力所产生的轴向调节力，所述轴向调节力与沿所述关闭位置的方向作用在所述滑动元件(11)上的所述复位力轴向地相反。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，所述复位弹簧单元(14)和所述压力室(13)被设计且彼此协调成使得：在运行中，随着所述承载件(7)的旋转速度达到至少4000rpm、优选地至少6000rpm、更优选地至少8000rpm、特别优选地至少10,000rpm，由所述复位弹簧单元(14)产生的所述复位力大于所述压力室(13)的由所述压力室(13)中的所述离心力所产生的所述轴向调节力。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，所述复位弹簧单元(14)具有多个弹簧元件(15)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中的一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，在所述承载件(7)中设置有液压的旋转穿引部(17)，所述旋转穿引部连接至所述压力室(13)并且进一步连接至壳体侧部上的通道系统(16)。
5.根据权利要求1至4中的一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，所述滑动元件(11)的径向延伸至所述压力室(13)外部的致动套环(18)直接地实现为压力罐并且与所述分离离合器(8)的所述摩擦元件(10a、10b)相互作用。
6.根据权利要求1至5中的一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，所述滑动元件(11)直接地具有轴向突出的导引套环(19)，所述导引套环(19)在所述承载件(7)的支承基部(21)上以可滑动的方式被导引。
7.根据权利要求1至6中的一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，密封所述压力室(13)的第一密封件(22)轴向地固定在所述承载件(7)内的凹部(23)中。
8.根据权利要求1至7中的一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，密封所述压力室(13)的第二密封件(24)以不可移位的方式接纳在所述承载件(7)上。
9.根据权利要求1至8中的一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，除了分离离合器(8)之外，还设置有从所述分离离合器(8)轴向偏移的至少一个另外的离合器(25a、25b)。
10.一种用于机动车辆的传动系(2)，所述传动系具有根据权利要求1至9中的至少一项所述的混合动力模块(1)。
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