CN113512460A - 抗磨清洁型车用润滑油及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

抗磨清洁型车用润滑油及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN113512460A
CN113512460A CN202110930845.0A CN202110930845A CN113512460A CN 113512460 A CN113512460 A CN 113512460A CN 202110930845 A CN202110930845 A CN 202110930845A CN 113512460 A CN113512460 A CN 113512460A
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CN113512460B (zh
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陈天助
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Fujian Keenyoulu Lubricating Oil Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及车用润滑油技术领域，具体公开一种抗磨清洁型车用润滑油及其制备工艺，该润滑油包括：PAO全合成基础油60‑80份、合成基础油多元醇酯8‑12份、降倾点剂0.3‑0.5份、粘度指数改进剂5‑10份、抗磨剂0.5‑1.5份、清洁添加剂10‑20份。本发明在烷基酚盐及其衍生物的清净性能、丁二酰亚胺及其衍生物的分散作用及分类抗氧剂的抑制氧化效果的基础上加入聚异丁烯丁二酸酯、二羧基油酸酰胺、2‑N,N‑二烷基苯甲酸铵、重烷基化油和聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯，协同增强改善清洁添加剂对油泥、积碳、漆膜和氧化沉渣等沉积物的清净和溶解性能。本发明润滑油具有良好的抗磨润滑性能以及优异的清洁分散能力。

Description

抗磨清洁型车用润滑油及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明属于车用润滑油技术领域，具体涉及一种抗磨清洁型车用润滑油及其制备工艺。
背景技术
油泥是油品氧化变质的重要产物，会对液压系统带来严重的影响，造成油路、滤芯堵塞、摩擦副磨损，同时油泥也会加速液压油变质。由于液压设备向着小型化、高压、高速、大流量及自动化方向发展，对液压元件要求更苛刻，精度要求更高，这就增加了装置对杂质的敏感性，只要有微小的杂质颗粒都会引起设备的磨损和失灵，这些颗粒不仅仅是外来颗粒的污染，更重要的是液压油本身氧化和水解所产生的油泥。
液压油中的油泥主要有两方面来源，一是由基础油氧化所产生的氧化产物，该情况主要是在金属离子催化的条件下发生氧化反应；二是ZDDP的反应产物。ZDDP在不同条件下产生油泥的作用形式各不相同，在120℃条件下，ZDDP作为氧化抑制剂作用后变成硫酸锌。而温度达到140℃以上时，ZDDP发生热分解反应，生成不溶物聚磷酸酯。在低温有水的条件下，ZDDP会变质产生二烷基磷酸锌，在油中溶解倾向非常小，同时会生成胶束结构。而在液压油使用过程中，水污染是非常普遍的现象，因此，在液压油的使用环境中、无论是高压重载工况、还是中低压工况，ZDDP都会不同程度的分解变质、生成不溶于油的不溶物，最终会团聚形成油泥，造成液压系统的油路、滤芯以及精密阀件的堵塞以及设备磨损，导致供油不足、阀门失效、爬行、滑靴和齿轮的损坏等现象，严重的会对生产安全造成严重威胁。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，清洁分散效果好且具有良好的抗磨性能。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，包括如下重量份数的组分：PAO全合成基础油60-80份、合成基础油多元醇酯8-12份、降倾点剂0.3-0.5份、粘度指数改进剂5-10份、抗磨剂0.5-1.5份、清洁添加剂10-20份。
优选地，所述降倾点剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
优选地，所述粘度指数改进剂为分散型乙丙共聚物粘度指数改进剂。
优选地，所述抗磨剂为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二烃基二硫代磷酸锌和硫代磷酸胺盐T307中的至少一种。
优选地，所述清洁添加剂由如下重量份数计的组分组成：烷基酚盐及其衍生物5-8份、丁二酰亚胺及其衍生物8-12份、聚异丁烯丁二酸酯4-6份、二羧基油酸酰胺4-6份、2-N,N-二烷基苯甲酸铵3-5份、重烷基化油2-4份、聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯1-2份、酚类抗氧剂0.2-0.5份。
优选地，所述烷基酚盐及其衍生物为硫化烷基酚钙、甲醛缩合烷基酚钙、烷基酚钙的至少一种。
优选地，所述丁二酰亚胺及其衍生物为单丁二酰亚胺、双丁二酰亚胺、硼化聚异丁烯基丁二酰亚胺的至少一种。
优选地，所述酚类抗氧剂为二叔丁基对甲酚或叔丁基化的苯酚。
本发明还提供一种抗磨清洁型车用润滑油的制备工艺，具体步骤为：先将PAO全合成基础油和合成基础油多元醇酯加入调合釜于50℃～55℃加热搅拌，再依次加入降倾点剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗磨剂，于50℃～55℃恒温调和25min-35min，形成半成品料；然后将清洁添加剂加入调和容器中，在65℃～70℃下搅拌均匀，降温静置即可。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明添加合成基础油多元醇酯以增强PAO全合成基础油的溶解能力，并加入清洁添加剂，清洁添加剂在烷基酚盐及其衍生物的清净性能、丁二酰亚胺及其衍生物的分散作用及分类抗氧剂的抑制氧化效果的基础上加入聚异丁烯丁二酸酯、二羧基油酸酰胺、2-N,N-二烷基苯甲酸铵、重烷基化油和聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯，协同增强改善清洁添加剂对油泥、积碳、漆膜和氧化沉渣等沉积物的清净和溶解性能。本发明润滑油具有良好的抗磨润滑性能以及优异的清洁分散能力，可延长了车用润滑油的使用时间。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例提供一种抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，包括如下重量份数的组分：PAO全合成基础油65份、合成基础油多元醇酯10份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.3份、分散型乙丙共聚物粘度指数改进剂8份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌0.7份、硫代磷酸胺盐T307 0.3份、清洁添加剂15份。
所述清洁添加剂由如下重量份数计的组分组成：硫化烷基酚钙6份、硼化聚异丁烯基丁二酰亚胺10份、聚异丁烯丁二酸酯5份、二羧基油酸酰胺5份、2-N,N-二烷基苯甲酸铵3份、重烷基化油3份、聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯1.5份、叔丁基化的苯酚0.4份。
本实施例车用润滑油的制备工艺，具体步骤为：先将PAO全合成基础油和合成基础油多元醇酯加入调合釜于50℃加热搅拌30min，再依次加入降倾点剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗磨剂，于50℃恒温调和30min，形成半成品料；然后将清洁添加剂加入调和容器中，在65℃下搅拌均匀，降温静置即可。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，包括如下重量份数的组分：PAO全合成基础油80份、合成基础油多元醇酯10份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.5份、分散型乙丙共聚物粘度指数改进剂6份、二烃基二硫代磷酸锌0.5份、硫代磷酸胺盐T307 0.7份、清洁添加剂18份。
所述清洁添加剂由如下重量份数计的组分组成：硫化烷基酚钙4份、甲醛缩合烷基酚钙4份、双丁二酰亚胺4份、硼化聚异丁烯基丁二酰亚胺8份、聚异丁烯丁二酸酯4份、二羧基油酸酰胺6份、2-N,N-二烷基苯甲酸铵4份、重烷基化油2份、聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯2份、二叔丁基对甲酚0.5份。
本实施例车用润滑油的制备工艺，具体步骤为：先将PAO全合成基础油和合成基础油多元醇酯加入调合釜于55℃加热搅拌25min，再依次加入降倾点剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗磨剂，于55℃恒温调和35min，形成半成品料；然后将清洁添加剂加入调和容器中，在70℃下搅拌均匀，降温静置即可。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，包括如下重量份数的组分：PAO全合成基础油60份、合成基础油多元醇酯8份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.4份、分散型乙丙共聚物粘度指数改进剂5份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌0.5份、清洁添加剂10份。
所述清洁添加剂由如下重量份数计的组分组成：硫化烷基酚钙2份、烷基酚钙3份、双丁二酰亚胺8份、聚异丁烯丁二酸酯6份、二羧基油酸酰胺4份、2-N,N-二烷基苯甲酸铵3份、重烷基化油2.5份、聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯1份、叔丁基化的苯酚0.2份。
本实施例车用润滑油的制备工艺，具体步骤为：先将PAO全合成基础油和合成基础油多元醇酯加入调合釜于50℃加热搅拌35min，再依次加入降倾点剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗磨剂，于55℃恒温调和25min，形成半成品料；然后将清洁添加剂加入调和容器中，在65℃下搅拌均匀，降温静置即可。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，包括如下重量份数的组分：PAO全合成基础油70份、合成基础油多元醇酯12份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.4份、分散型乙丙共聚物粘度指数改进剂8份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌1份、硫代磷酸胺盐T307 0.5份、清洁添加剂20份。
所述清洁添加剂由如下重量份数计的组分组成：硫化烷基酚钙6份、单丁二酰亚胺2份、硼化聚异丁烯基丁二酰亚胺8份、聚异丁烯丁二酸酯6份、二羧基油酸酰胺6份、2-N,N-二烷基苯甲酸铵5份、重烷基化油4份、聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯1.2份、二叔丁基对甲酚0.3份。
本实施例车用润滑油的制备工艺，具体步骤为：先将PAO全合成基础油和合成基础油多元醇酯加入调合釜于50℃加热搅拌35min，再依次加入降倾点剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗磨剂，于50℃恒温调和30min，形成半成品料；然后将清洁添加剂加入调和容器中，在65℃下搅拌均匀，降温静置即可。
对比例1
该对比例与上述实施例1的区别仅在于：清洁添加剂中少了二羧基油酸酰胺。
对比例2
该对比例与上述实施例1的区别仅在于：清洁添加剂中少了聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯。
对比例3
该对比例与上述实施例1的区别仅在于：清洁添加剂中少了二羧基油酸酰胺和聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯。
对比例4
该对比例与上述实施例1的区别仅在于：清洁添加剂中少了二羧基油酸酰胺和重烷基化油。
对比例5
该对比例与上述实施例1的区别仅在于：清洁添加剂由硫化烷基酚钙3份、硼化聚异丁烯基丁二酰亚胺4.5份、叔丁基化的苯酚0.2份组成。
分别取上述实施例1-4和对比例1-5的润滑油进行如下参数的测试，测试结果参见表1。
表1：本发明实施例1-4和对比例1-5的性能测试结果表
Figure 609448DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
以上显示和描述了本发明创造的基本原理和主要特征及本发明的优点，本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明创造精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内，本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (9)

1.抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，其特征在于，该润滑油包括如下重量份数的组分：PAO全合成基础油60-80份、合成基础油多元醇酯8-12份、降倾点剂0.3-0.5份、粘度指数改进剂5-10份、抗磨剂0.5-1.5份、清洁添加剂10-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，其特征在于：所述降倾点剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，其特征在于：所述粘度指数改进剂为分散型乙丙共聚物粘度指数改进剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，其特征在于：所述抗磨剂为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二烃基二硫代磷酸锌和硫代磷酸胺盐T307中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，其特征在于：所述清洁添加剂由如下重量份数计的组分组成：烷基酚盐及其衍生物5-8份、丁二酰亚胺及其衍生物8-12份、聚异丁烯丁二酸酯4-6份、二羧基油酸酰胺4-6份、2-N,N-二烷基苯甲酸铵3-5份、重烷基化油2-4份、聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯1-2份、酚类抗氧剂0.2-0.5份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，其特征在于：所述烷基酚盐及其衍生物为硫化烷基酚钙、甲醛缩合烷基酚钙、烷基酚钙的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求5所述的抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，其特征在于：所述丁二酰亚胺及其衍生物为单丁二酰亚胺、双丁二酰亚胺、硼化聚异丁烯基丁二酰亚胺的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求5所述的抗磨清洁型车用润滑油，其特征在于：所述酚类抗氧剂为二叔丁基对甲酚或叔丁基化的苯酚。
9.一种如根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的抗磨清洁型车用润滑油的制备工艺，其特征在于：先将PAO全合成基础油和合成基础油多元醇酯加入调合釜于50℃～55℃加热搅拌，再依次加入降倾点剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗磨剂，于50℃～55℃恒温调和25min-35min，形成半成品料；然后将清洁添加剂加入调和容器中，在65℃～70℃下搅拌均匀，降温静置即可。
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