CN113501721A - 一种注射成型陶瓷喂料、陶瓷产品的制备方法及陶瓷产品 - Google Patents
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料、陶瓷产品的制备方法及陶瓷产品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于陶瓷材料注射成型技术领域,具体涉及一种注射成型陶瓷喂料、陶瓷产品的制备方法及陶瓷产品,其中,所述注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:10~20%粘结剂和80~90%陶瓷粉末;所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:5~40%低温蜡,7~40%棕榈蜡,3~5%辛酸,5~6%可降解树脂,1%吩噻嗪,19~49%聚酰胺或;15~30%纤维素醚和40~50%聚乙二醇;所述陶瓷产品的制备方法包括在注射温度为80~110℃下,对前述注射成型陶瓷喂料进行注射的过程;所述陶瓷产品由前述陶瓷产品制备方法制备得到,所述陶瓷产品具有内应力小,表面平面度高,烧结后无变形的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷材料注射成型技术领域,具体涉及一种注射成型陶瓷喂料、陶瓷产品的制备方法及陶瓷产品。
背景技术
在陶瓷材料注射成型领域,注射成型的陶瓷产品的缺陷会在下一段工艺中被放大。具体的,由于陶瓷喂料中粘结剂自身存在缺陷,导致在注射阶段要求注射温度在150~200℃之间,但是较高的注射温度会在陶瓷产品中产生应力集中的现象,而这一现象容易在平面较大、或平面度要求较高的陶瓷产品中出现,从而导致后续加工成本的增加以及降低陶瓷产品的良品率。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷,本发明所要解决的技术问题是:解决传统粘结剂需要较高注射温度的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
提出一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:10~20%粘结剂和80~90%陶瓷粉末;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
5~40%低温蜡,7~40%棕榈蜡,3~5%辛酸,5~6%可降解树脂,1%吩噻嗪,19~49%聚酰胺或;15~30%纤维素醚和40~50%聚乙二醇。
其中,所述低温蜡为低温聚乙烯蜡或分子量为1500~20000的大豆混合蜡。
其中,所述纤维素醚为甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素中的一种。
其中,所述可降解树脂为可降解淀粉树脂。
其中,所述可降解树脂为聚乳酸类生物降解树脂、聚羟基烷酸酯类生物降解树脂或聚乙烯醇类生物降解树脂。
其中,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:80%陶瓷粉末和20%粘结剂;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
20%低温蜡、20%棕榈蜡、49%聚酰胺、5%辛酸、5%可降解树脂和1%吩噻嗪。
其中,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:84%陶瓷粉末和16%粘结剂;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
10%低温蜡、10%棕榈蜡、30%纤维素醚、40%聚乙二醇、3%辛酸、6%可降解树脂和1%吩噻嗪。
进一步提出一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将陶瓷粉末研磨并置于200℃环境下烘烤2h;
S2、将按重量百分比计80~90%陶瓷粉末和10~20%粘结剂进行搅拌密炼,搅拌至喂料表面光滑为止,密炼温度为90~140℃;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
5~40%低温蜡,7~40%棕榈蜡,3~5%辛酸,5~6%可降解树脂,1%吩噻嗪,19~49%聚酰胺或;15~30%纤维素醚和40~50%聚乙二醇;
S3、将密炼后的喂料进行造粒,获得颗粒状喂料;
S4、将颗粒状喂料进行注射,并接入冰水冷却系统进行冷却,注射温度为80~110℃,得预制产品;
S5、将预制产品进行热脱脂或水萃取脱脂;
S6、将脱脂后的预制产品进行烧结,获得陶瓷产品。
其中,所述冰水冷却系统的水温为-5~0℃。
再进一步提出一种陶瓷产品,采用上述陶瓷产品的制备方法制备得到。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明所提供的注射成型陶瓷喂料通过将低温蜡和棕榈蜡作为粘结剂中的填充剂和润滑剂,具有熔点低、分子量小及皆溶于水的特点,可有效提高陶瓷喂料在脱脂阶段的脱脂效率;纤维素醚和聚酰胺作为粘结剂中的骨架,在小分子热分解后在产品中起到支撑作用,其中,纤维素醚可溶于水,适用于水萃取脱脂,而聚酰胺具有热收缩低、硬度高、裂解温度高等特点,其脱模和脱脂保型效果好;可降解树脂作为粘结剂中的表面活性剂,可对陶瓷粉末进行改性,提高陶瓷粉末与粘结剂之间的结合力,并且可在粉末颗粒与模壁之间起到润滑作用,提高粘结剂中各组分间的相容性。本发明所提供的注射成型陶瓷喂料可适用于热脱脂和水萃取脱脂,注射温度适应在80~110℃范围内,具有脱脂率高、陶瓷产品内应力小,烧结后无变形且表面平面度高的特点。同时,通过改变粘结剂的组成,使其适应更低的降低密炼温度和注射温度,可以有效减少在密炼及注射过程中陶瓷喂料中低熔点高分子化合物的挥发。
附图说明
图1所示为在具体实施方式中陶瓷喂料粘度与剪切速率的关系图。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、所实现目的及效果,以下结合实施方式予以说明。
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:10~20%粘结剂和80~90%陶瓷粉末;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
5~40%低温蜡,7~40%棕榈蜡,3~5%辛酸,5~6%可降解树脂,1%吩噻嗪,19~49%聚酰胺或;15~30%纤维素醚和40~50%聚乙二醇。
优选的,所述陶瓷粉末包括但不限于氧化锆、氧化铝、碳化硅等陶瓷粉末。
进一步的,所述低温蜡为低温聚乙烯蜡或分子量为1500~20000的大豆混合蜡。
进一步的,所述纤维素醚为甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素中的一种。
进一步的,所述可降解树脂为可降解淀粉树脂。
优选的,所述可降解树脂为聚乳酸(PLA)、聚羟基烷酸酯(PHA)或聚乙烯醇(PVA)类生物降解树脂。
进一步的,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:80%陶瓷粉末和20%粘结剂;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
20%低温蜡、20%棕榈蜡、49%聚酰胺、5%辛酸、5%可降解树脂和1%吩噻嗪。
进一步的,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:84%陶瓷粉末和16%粘结剂;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
10%低温蜡、10%棕榈蜡、30%纤维素醚、40%聚乙二醇、3%辛酸、6%可降解树脂和1%吩噻嗪。
一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将陶瓷粉末研磨并置于200℃环境下烘烤2h;
S2、将按重量百分比计80~90%陶瓷粉末和10~20%粘结剂进行搅拌密炼,搅拌至喂料表面光滑为止,密炼温度为90~140℃;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
5~40%低温蜡,7~40%棕榈蜡,3~5%辛酸,5~6%可降解树脂,1%吩噻嗪,19~49%聚酰胺或;15~30%纤维素醚和40~50%聚乙二醇;
S3、将密炼后的喂料进行造粒,获得颗粒状喂料;
S4、将颗粒状喂料进行注射,并接入冰水冷却系统进行冷却,注射温度为80~110℃,得预制产品;
S5、将预制产品进行热脱脂或水萃取脱脂;
S6、将脱脂后的预制产品进行烧结,获得陶瓷产品。
进一步的,所述冰水冷却系统的水温为-5~0℃。
优选的,一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.烘粉:将称好的陶瓷粉末置于200℃环境烘烤2h;
2.密炼:将预热后的陶瓷粉加入密炼机中,再将配好的黏结剂放入其中,搅拌至浆糊状,至观察到搅拌滚动的喂料表面光滑时结束,密炼温度90-140℃,密炼时间2.5h,获得陶瓷喂料。
3.造粒:将陶瓷喂料放入造粒机中,得颗粒状喂料。
4.注射:将颗粒状喂料放入注射机中注射,注射温度80-110℃,模具需接入冰水冷却系统(冷却水温度为-5-0℃),以保证开模后产品快速成型脱模,得预制产品。
5.脱脂:将预制产品放于热脱炉中脱脂,热脱脂时间为6h;或将预制产品放于60℃恒温水浴中,轻轻搅动,使水流缓慢流动,3h脱脂结束。
6.烧结:将脱脂后产品放于烧结炉烧结,得陶瓷产品。
更优选的,在陶瓷产品的制备阶段,所述陶瓷喂料的熔融指数(MFI)应为1000~1500g/min;所述陶瓷喂料的装载量应为40~50%;所述陶瓷喂料的收缩系数应为1.28-1.34。
更优选的,在陶瓷喂料的注射阶段,所述陶瓷喂料的流变因子应为0.70~0.77。具体的,参见图1,基于公式η=kγn-1,其中n为陶瓷喂料的流变因子,η为喂料粘度,k为系数,γ为剪切速率。当n值越大,则陶瓷喂料的粘度随剪切速率的变化速度越小,这种陶瓷喂料的注射稳定性能较好;相反,若n值越小,则陶瓷喂料的粘度随着剪切速率的增加而降低,这种喂料可以通过调整注射参数来改善陶瓷喂料的注射性能,使陶瓷喂料具有良好的适应性。因此,在陶瓷喂料注射阶段,陶瓷喂料流变因子n值不能太大也不能太小,合适的流变因子n是必需的。经计算喂料的流变因子为0.70-0.77,表现出较好的注射性能。
一种陶瓷产品,采用上述陶瓷产品的制备方法制备得到。
所述产品具有表面平面度高、内应力小、烧结后无变形的特点。
实施例一
本实施例采用热脱脂方式。
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下组分:
氧化锆陶瓷粉末与黏结剂的重量百分比:85:15。
黏结剂组成及重量百分比:低温聚乙烯蜡:25%、棕榈蜡35%、聚酰胺29%、辛酸5%、聚乳酸类生物降解树脂5%、吩噻嗪1%。
一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.烘粉:将称好的陶瓷粉末置于200℃环境烘烤2h;
2.密炼:将烘烤后的陶瓷粉末加入密炼机中,再将配好的黏结剂放入其中,搅拌至浆糊状,至观察到搅拌滚动的陶瓷喂料的表面光滑为止,密炼温度120℃,密炼时间2.5h。
3.造粒:将密炼后的陶瓷喂料放入造粒机中,得颗粒状陶瓷喂料。
4.注射:将颗粒状陶瓷喂料放入注射机中注射,注射温度100℃,模具直接接入冰水冷却系统,冷却水温度为0℃,得预制产品。
5.脱脂:将预制产品放于热脱炉中按照既定的工艺脱脂,脱脂时间6h,最高温度600℃。
6.烧结:将脱脂后的预制产品放于烧结炉中按照既定的工艺烧结,烧结温度1450℃,保温时间2h。
7.脱脂率测试:本次陶瓷产品为直径40mm、高度5mm的圆柱体,注射生胚单重:6.283g,经6h脱脂后,脱脂件单重:5.347g,其脱脂率为14.93%,理论脱脂率15%。
实施例二
本实施例采用热脱脂方式。
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下组分:
氧化锆陶瓷粉末与黏结剂的重量百分比:90:10,黏结剂组成及重量百分比:大豆混合蜡:40%、棕榈蜡40%、聚酰胺19%、辛酸5%、聚乙烯醇类生物降解树脂5%、吩噻嗪1%。
一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.烘粉:将称好的陶瓷粉末置于200℃环境烘烤2h;
2.密炼:将烘烤后的陶瓷粉末加入密炼机中,再将配好的黏结剂放入其中,搅拌至浆糊状,至观察到搅拌滚动的陶瓷喂料的表面光滑为止,密炼温度110℃,密炼时间2.5h。
3.造粒:将密炼后的陶瓷喂料放入造粒机中,得颗粒状陶瓷喂料。
4.注射:将颗粒状陶瓷喂料放入注射机中注射,注射温度90℃,模具直接接入冰水冷却系统,冷却水温度为0℃,得预制产品。
5.脱脂:将预制产品放于热脱炉中按照既定的工艺脱脂,脱脂时间6h,最高温度600℃。
6.烧结:将脱脂后的预制产品放于烧结炉中按照既定的工艺烧结,烧结温度1450℃,保温时间3h。
7.脱脂率测试:本次陶瓷产品为直径40mm、高度5mm的圆柱体,注射生胚单重:6.283g,经6h脱脂后,脱脂件单重:5.660g,其脱脂率为9.92%,理论脱脂率10%。
实施例三
本实施例采用热脱脂方式。
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下组分:
氧化锆陶瓷粉末与黏结剂的重量百分比:80:20,黏结剂组成及重量百分比:大豆混合蜡:20%、棕榈蜡20%、聚酰胺49%、辛酸5%、聚羟基烷酸酯类生物降解树脂5%、吩噻嗪1%。
一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.烘粉:将称好的陶瓷粉末置于200℃环境烘烤2h;
2.密炼:将烘烤后的陶瓷粉末加入密炼机中,再将配好的黏结剂放入其中,搅拌至浆糊状,至观察到搅拌滚动的陶瓷喂料的表面光滑为止,密炼温度140℃,密炼时间2.5h。
3.造粒:将密炼后的陶瓷喂料放入造粒机中,得颗粒状陶瓷喂料。
4.注射:将颗粒状陶瓷喂料放入注射机中注射,注射温度110℃,模具直接接入冰水冷却系统,冷却水温度为0℃,得预制产品。
5.脱脂:将预制产品放于热脱炉中按照既定的工艺脱脂,脱脂时间6h,最高温度600℃。
6.烧结:将脱脂后的预制产品放于烧结炉中按照既定的工艺烧结,烧结温度1450℃,保温时间2h。
7.脱脂率测试:本次陶瓷产品为直径40mm、高度5mm的圆柱体,注射生胚单重:6.283g,经6h脱脂后,脱脂件单重:5.030g,其脱脂率为19.94%,理论脱脂率20%。
实施例四
本实施例采用热脱脂方式。
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下组分:
氧化锆陶瓷粉末与黏结剂的重量百分比:82:18,黏结剂组成及重量百分比:低温聚乙烯蜡:25%、棕榈蜡25%、聚酰胺39%、辛酸5%、聚乙烯醇类生物降解树脂5%、吩噻嗪1%。
一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.烘粉:将称好的陶瓷粉末置于200℃环境烘烤2h;
2.密炼:将烘烤后的陶瓷粉末加入密炼机中,再将配好的黏结剂放入其中,搅拌至浆糊状,至观察到搅拌滚动的陶瓷喂料的表面光滑为止,密炼温度140℃,密炼时间2.5h。
3.造粒:将密炼后的陶瓷喂料放入造粒机中,得颗粒状陶瓷喂料。
4.注射:将颗粒状陶瓷喂料放入注射机中注射,注射温度100℃,模具直接接入冰水冷却系统,冷却水温度为0℃,得预制产品。
5.脱脂:将预制产品放于热脱炉中按照既定的工艺脱脂,脱脂时间6h,最高温度600℃。
6.烧结:将脱脂后的预制产品放于烧结炉中按照既定的工艺烧结,烧结温度1450℃,保温时间2h。
7.脱脂率测试:本次陶瓷产品为直径40mm、高度5mm的圆柱体,注射生胚单重:6.283g,经6h脱脂后,脱脂件单重:5.155g,其脱脂率为17.95%,理论脱脂率18%。
实施例五
本实施例采用水萃取脱脂方式。
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下组分:
氧化锆陶瓷粉末与黏结剂的重量百分比:87:13,黏结剂组成及重量百分比:低温聚乙烯蜡:8%、棕榈蜡7%、羧甲基纤维素25%、聚乙二醇50%、辛酸3%、聚乳酸类生物降解树脂6%、吩噻嗪1%。
一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.烘粉:将称好的陶瓷粉末置于200℃环境烘烤2h;
2.密炼:将烘烤后的陶瓷粉末加入密炼机中,再将配好的黏结剂放入其中,搅拌至浆糊状,至观察到搅拌滚动的陶瓷喂料的表面光滑为止,密炼温度90℃,密炼时间2.5h。
3.造粒:将密炼后的陶瓷喂料放入造粒机中,得颗粒状陶瓷喂料。
4.注射:将颗粒状陶瓷喂料放入注射机中注射,注射温度85℃,模具直接接入冰水冷却系统,冷却水温度为0℃,得预制产品。
5.脱脂:将预制产品放于温度为60℃的恒温水浴锅中脱脂,同时辅助搅拌棒,搅拌速率为25~50r/min匀速搅动水面,脱脂时间3h。
6.烧结:将脱脂后的预制产品烘干放于烧结炉中烧结,烧结温度1450℃,保温时间2h。
7.脱脂率测试:本次陶瓷产品为直径40mm、高度5mm的圆柱体,注射生胚单重:6.283g,经3h脱脂后,脱脂件单重:5.530g,其脱脂率为11.98%,理论脱脂率13%,剩余1%将于烧结升温过程中脱除。
实施例六
本实施例采用水萃取脱脂方式。
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下组分:
氧化锆陶瓷粉末与黏结剂的重量百分比:84:16,黏结剂组成及重量百分比:大豆混合蜡:10%、棕榈蜡10%、羟丙基羧甲基纤维素30%、聚乙二醇40%、辛酸3%、聚羟基烷酸酯类生物降解树脂6%、吩噻嗪1%。
一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.烘粉:将称好的陶瓷粉末置于200℃环境烘烤2h;
2.密炼:将烘烤后的陶瓷粉末加入密炼机中,再将配好的黏结剂放入其中,搅拌至浆糊状,至观察到搅拌滚动的陶瓷喂料的表面光滑为止,密炼温度105℃,密炼时间2.5h。
3.造粒:将密炼后的陶瓷喂料放入造粒机中,得颗粒状陶瓷喂料。
4.注射:将颗粒状陶瓷喂料放入注射机中注射,注射温度85℃,模具直接接入冰水冷却系统,冷却水温度为0℃,得预制产品。
5.脱脂:将预制产品放于温度为60℃的恒温水浴锅中脱脂,同时辅助搅拌棒,搅拌速率为25~50r/min匀速搅动水面,脱脂时间3h。
6.烧结:将脱脂后的预制产品烘干放于烧结炉中烧结,烧结温度1450℃,保温时间2h。
7.脱脂率测试:本次陶瓷产品为直径40mm、高度5mm的圆柱体,注射生胚单重:6.283g,经3h脱脂后,脱脂件单重:5.340g,其脱脂率为15.00%,理论脱脂率16%,剩余1%将于烧结升温过程中脱除。
实施例七
本实施例采用水萃取脱脂方式。
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下组分:
氧化锆陶瓷粉末与黏结剂的重量百分比:86:14,黏结剂组成及重量百分比:低温聚乙烯蜡:5%、棕榈蜡5%、羟丙基纤维素25%、聚乙二醇55%、辛酸3%、聚乙烯醇类生物降解树脂6%、吩噻嗪1%。
一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.烘粉:将称好的陶瓷粉末置于200℃环境烘烤2h;
2.密炼:将烘烤后的陶瓷粉末加入密炼机中,再将配好的黏结剂放入其中,搅拌至浆糊状,至观察到搅拌滚动的陶瓷喂料的表面光滑为止,密炼温度105℃,密炼时间2.5h。
3.造粒:将密炼后的陶瓷喂料放入造粒机中,得颗粒状陶瓷喂料。
4.注射:将颗粒状陶瓷喂料放入注射机中注射,注射温度85℃,模具直接接入冰水冷却系统,冷却水温度为0℃,得预制产品。
5.脱脂:将预制产品放于温度为60℃的恒温水浴锅中脱脂,同时辅助搅拌棒,搅拌速率为25~50r/min匀速搅动水面,脱脂时间3h。
6.烧结:将脱脂后的预制产品烘干放于烧结炉中烧结,烧结温度1450℃,保温时间2h。
7.脱脂率测试:本次陶瓷产品为直径40mm、高度5mm的圆柱体,注射生胚单重:6.283g,经3h脱脂后,脱脂件单重:5.462g,其脱脂率为13.06%,理论脱脂率14%.剩余1%将于烧结升温过程中脱除。
实施例八
本实施例采用水萃取脱脂方式。
一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,包括如下组分:
氧化锆陶瓷粉末与黏结剂的重量百分比:88:12,黏结剂组成及重量百分比:大豆混合蜡:15%、棕榈蜡15%、甲基纤维素15%、聚乙二醇45%、辛酸3%、聚乳酸类生物降解树脂6%、吩噻嗪1%。
一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.烘粉:将称好的陶瓷粉末置于200℃环境烘烤2h;
2.密炼:将烘烤后的陶瓷粉末加入密炼机中,再将配好的黏结剂放入其中,搅拌至浆糊状,至观察到搅拌滚动的陶瓷喂料的表面光滑为止,密炼温度115℃,密炼时间2.5h。
3.造粒:将密炼后的陶瓷喂料放入造粒机中,得颗粒状陶瓷喂料。
4.注射:将颗粒状陶瓷喂料放入注射机中注射,注射温度95℃,模具直接接入冰水冷却系统,冷却水温度为0℃,得预制产品。
5.脱脂:将预制产品放于温度为60℃的恒温水浴锅中脱脂,同时辅助搅拌棒,搅拌速率为25~50r/min匀速搅动水面,脱脂时间3h。
6.烧结:将脱脂后的预制产品烘干放于烧结炉中烧结,烧结温度1450℃,保温时间2h。
7.脱脂率测试:本次陶瓷产品为直径40mm、高度5mm的圆柱体,注射生胚单重:6.283g,经3h脱脂后,脱脂件单重:5.590g,其脱脂率为11.00%,理论脱脂率12%,剩余1%将于烧结升温过程中脱除。
综上所述,本发明所提供的注射成型陶瓷喂料通过将低温蜡和棕榈蜡作为粘结剂中的填充剂和润滑剂,具有熔点低、分子量小及皆溶于水的特点,可有效提高陶瓷喂料在脱脂阶段的脱脂效率;纤维素醚和聚酰胺作为粘结剂中的骨架,在小分子热分解后在产品中起到支撑作用,其中,纤维素醚可溶于水,适用于水萃取脱脂,而聚酰胺具有热收缩低、硬度高、裂解温度高等特点,其脱模和脱脂保型效果好;可降解树脂作为粘结剂中的表面活性剂,可对陶瓷粉末进行改性,提高陶瓷粉末与粘结剂之间的结合力,并且可在粉末颗粒与模壁之间起到润滑作用,提高粘结剂中各组分间的相容性。本发明所提供的注射成型陶瓷喂料可适用于热脱脂和水萃取脱脂,注射温度适应在80~110℃范围内,具有脱脂率高、陶瓷产品内应力小,烧结后无变形且表面平面度高的特点。同时,通过改变粘结剂的组成,使其适应更低的密炼温度和注射温度,以有效减少在密炼及注射过程中陶瓷喂料中低熔点高分子化合物的挥发。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等同变换,或直接或间接运用在相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种注射成型陶瓷喂料,其特征在于,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:10~20%粘结剂和80~90%陶瓷粉末;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
5~40%低温蜡,7~40%棕榈蜡,3~5%辛酸,5~6%可降解树脂,1%吩噻嗪,19~49%聚酰胺或;15~30%纤维素醚和40~50%聚乙二醇。
2.根据权利要求1所述注射成型陶瓷喂料,其特征在于,所述低温蜡为低温聚乙烯蜡或分子量为1500~20000的大豆混合蜡。
3.根据权利要求1所述注射成型陶瓷喂料,其特征在于,所述纤维素醚为甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述注射成型陶瓷喂料,其特征在于,所述可降解树脂为可降解淀粉树脂。
5.根据权利要求4所述注射成型陶瓷喂料,其特征在于,所述可降解树脂为聚乳酸类生物降解树脂、聚羟基烷酸酯类生物降解树脂或聚乙烯醇类生物降解树脂。
6.根据权利要求1所述注射成型陶瓷喂料,其特征在于,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:80%陶瓷粉末和20%粘结剂;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
20%低温蜡、20%棕榈蜡、49%聚酰胺、5%辛酸、5%可降解树脂和1%吩噻嗪。
7.根据权利要求1所述注射成型陶瓷喂料,其特征在于,包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:84%陶瓷粉末和16%粘结剂;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
10%低温蜡、10%棕榈蜡、30%纤维素醚、40%聚乙二醇、3%辛酸、6%可降解树脂和1%吩噻嗪。
8.一种陶瓷产品的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、将陶瓷粉末研磨并置于200℃环境下烘烤2h;
S2、将按重量百分比计80~90%陶瓷粉末和10~20%粘结剂进行搅拌密炼,搅拌至喂料表面光滑为止,密炼温度为90~140℃;
所述粘结剂包括如下按重量百分比计的组分:
5~40%低温蜡,7~40%棕榈蜡,3~5%辛酸,5~6%可降解树脂,1%吩噻嗪,19~49%聚酰胺或;15~30%纤维素醚和40~50%聚乙二醇;
S3、将密炼后的喂料进行造粒,获得颗粒状喂料;
S4、将颗粒状喂料进行注射,并接入冰水冷却系统进行冷却,注射温度为80~110℃,得预制产品;
S5、将预制产品进行热脱脂或水萃取脱脂;
S6、将脱脂后的预制产品进行烧结,获得陶瓷产品。
9.根据权利要求8所述陶瓷产品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述冰水冷却系统的水温为-5~0℃。
10.一种陶瓷产品,其特征在于,采用如权利要求8所述陶瓷产品的制备方法制备得到。
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