CN113499447B - 一种cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物、其制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物、其制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种cRGD‑季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽‑甲氨蝶呤结合物、其制备方法及应用,属于生物医药技术领域。本发明通过控制cRGD、ES2肽和MTX的供给量,反应体系的pH,反应时间等条件,可以制备得到的CREM肽结合物。制备得到的ES2肽的cRGD‑季铵化壳寡糖化修饰并联合甲氨蝶呤的结合物与ES2肽相比,保留了ES2肽抗新生血管生成与抗肿瘤活性,整合了cRGD的肿瘤靶向性和甲氨蝶呤的抗肿瘤活性等,使其具有更高的稳定性、亲水性、靶向性等特性,因此具有更好的使用效果和应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药技术领域,具体涉及一种cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物及所述结合物的制备方法,还提供了包括所述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物的组合物及所述结合物、组合物的应用。
背景技术
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
内皮抑素(Endostatin,ES)是从一种从小鼠内皮细胞瘤上清中分离纯化获得的内源性新生血管生成抑制剂,可通过抑制肿瘤组织新生血管的生成,切断肿瘤营养供给途径和废物代谢途径,从而起到抗肿瘤的作用。另外,ES对糖尿病眼部并发症、类风湿性关节炎等其他与新生血管生成有关的疾病也展现出一定的治疗效果。
ES结构中有一短肽段为ES2(IVRRADRAAVP),是一段由11个氨基酸组成的多肽序列,包含ES中的氨基酸60-70序列和三个表面暴露的精氨酸残基Arg62,Arg63和Arg66。ES2同样具有明显的抗新生血管生成活性和抗肿瘤活性,且更容易通过固相合成的方式获得。但ES2也存在稳定性差、细胞亲和力低、活性不稳定和半衰期短等缺点,研究表明,通过化学修饰的手段有望改善这些缺点。
壳寡糖(Chitosan oligosaccharide,COS)学名β-1,4-寡糖-葡萄糖胺,是将壳聚糖经特殊的生物酶技术降解得到的一种聚合度在2~20之间的寡糖产品,其水溶性较好、生物利用度较高,无毒副作用,安全可靠。它具有壳聚糖所没有的高水溶性和容易被生物体降解等特性。此外,壳寡糖在抑菌、抗氧化、抗炎、调节血脂和血糖、抗肿瘤、增强免疫力及活化肠道菌群等方面表现出较好的活性。
整合素是一类细胞粘附受体,调节细胞-细胞,细胞-细胞外基质的相互作用,能够直接或间接影响细胞迁移、细胞行为,细胞增殖,细胞生长,血管生成,细胞存活,侵袭和肿瘤发生。整合素蛋白为RGD的常见受体,可以与RGD发生特异性结合。整合素在肿瘤细胞和肿瘤新生血管内皮细胞中过表达,从而可以用特定RGD序列靶向于该类细胞。
RGD是一种含有精氨酸、甘氨酸和天冬氨酸的三肽序列,是整合素与其配体蛋白相互作用的识别位点,介导细胞与胞外基质及细胞间的黏附作用,同时具有信号传导功能,从而介导许多重要的生命活动。RGD肽及其衍生物,能够特异性识别细胞表面的整合素受体蛋白(如αvβ3、α5β1等)并与之结合。使用RGD序列来进行靶向的药物递送已被广泛的研究。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种靶向整合素αvβ3的ES2肽的cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰并联合甲氨蝶呤的结合物的制备方法。本发明通过优化控制反应相关参数和条件,从而成功制备得到季铵化壳寡糖-cRGD-ES2肽结合物和/或季铵化壳寡糖-cRGD-ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物,其具有良好的稳定性和生物活性,因此具有良好的实际应用之价值。
本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明第一方面,提供一种cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物,所述结合物中,季铵化壳寡糖(QCOS)、cRGD、ES2肽及甲氨蝶呤(MTX)通过酰胺键连接,其结构式如下:
QCOS-(cRGD)n1-(ES2)n2-(MTX)n3;
式中,n1=1~10,n2=1~10,n3=1~10;季铵化壳寡糖的分子量小于3000Da。
本发明提供了一种ES2肽的cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰物,针对ES2肽不稳定的缺陷,通过cRGD和季铵化壳寡糖修饰改善了ES2肽的稳定性,并且具有良好的新生血管抑制作用,同时提高了ES2肽靶向肿瘤细胞和新生血管细胞的能力,可应用于抗肿瘤药物或视网膜病变的治疗等。甲氨蝶呤属于抗叶酸类抗肿瘤药物,但溶解性不佳,本发明设计采用上述ES2肽的cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰物与甲氨蝶呤联合,解决了甲氨蝶呤在溶解性方面的缺陷,期望获得一种抗肿瘤效果更好的活性成分。经验证,上述结合物相增加了ES2肽的稳定性和抗肿瘤效果,并且,经本发明验证,在经过RGD环肽修饰后,所述结合物的肿瘤靶向性也得到了明显提升。
本发明第二方面,提供第一方面所述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:活化cRGD的羧基部分,碱性条件下加入季铵化壳寡糖(QCOS)反应得到CR结合物;将活化后的ES2肽后与CR结合物偶联得到CRE结合物;将甲氨蝶呤溶于碱性溶液中,催化作用下与所述CRE结合物偶联得到上述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物(CREM)。
本发明第三方面,提供一种组合物,所述组合物中,第一方面所述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物作为活性成分。
本发明第四面,提供第一方面所述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物、第三方面组合物在制备增强机体免疫力、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗新生血管生成和/或抗肿瘤等相关疾病的产品中的应用。
上述结合物中,ES2肽、壳寡糖的生理活性是多个方面的,包括机体免疫力调节、抗菌、抗炎,预防心血管疾病、肿瘤及改善胃肠道等。甲氨蝶呤作为一种抗肿瘤药物可能引起胃肠道反应甚至肝功能的损伤,而上述结合物在物理性质方面能够改善甲氨蝶呤溶解度的缺陷,在生理活性方面还可以很好的弥补甲氨蝶呤带来的副作用,降低甲氨蝶呤带来的不良反应。
以上一个或多个技术方案的有益效果是:
上述技术方案制备的CRE/CREM结合物与ES2肽相比,其稳定性更高,生物活性更强,因此具有良好的实际应用之价值。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1为实施例1中所述CRE结合物的核磁共振氢谱图;
图2为实施例1中所述CREM结合物的核磁共振氢谱图;
图3为实施例2中所述ES2、CRE和CREM结合物对内皮细胞增殖的抑制作用;
图4为实施例3中所述ES2、CRE和CREM结合物对黑色素瘤细胞增殖的抑制作用。
图5为实施例4中所述ES2、CRE和CREM结合物细胞摄取实验的激光共聚焦实验结果图。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
正如背景技术所介绍的,ES2作为一种抗新生血管生成药物,在稳定性等方面存在不足,为了解决如上的技术问题,本发明设计采用cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰了ES2肽并联合应用甲氨蝶呤,提供了一种具有良好稳定及生物活性的结合物。
本发明第一方面,提供一种cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物,所述结合物中,季铵化壳寡糖(QCOS)、cRGD、ES2肽及甲氨蝶呤(MTX)通过酰胺键连接,其结构式如下:
QCOS-(cRGD)n1-(ES2)n2-(MTX)n3;
式中,n1=1~10,n2=1~10,n3=1~10;季铵化壳寡糖的分子量小于3000Da。
优选的,所述季铵化壳寡糖的分子量为2000~3000Da。
优选的,所述季铵化壳寡糖的取代度为4~7,进一步的,为4或5或6,具体的,取代度为5。
优选的,所述cRGD肽,本领域通常认为具有Arg-Gly-Asp三个氨基酸的多肽称为RGD肽,本发明所采用RGD肽具体为一种环肽,序列为cyclo
(Arg-Gly-Asp-d-Phe-Cys)。
优选的,所述ES2肽的氨基酸序列为:IVRRADRAAVP。
优选的,所述n1=1~6;进一步,效果较好的实施方式中,所述结合物中,cRGD的个数为2,3或4个;
所述n2=1~6;进一步,效果较好的实施方式中,所述结合物中,ES2的个数为2,3或4个;
所述n3=1~6;进一步,效果较好的实施方式中,所述结合物中,MTX的个数为2,3或4个。
具体的实施方式中,所述季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物的制备方法如下:
本发明第二方面,提供第一方面所述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:活化cRGD的羧基部分,弱碱性条件下加入季铵化壳寡糖(QCOS)反应得到CR结合物;将活化后的ES2肽后与CR结合物偶联得到CRE结合物;将甲氨蝶呤溶于碱性溶液中,催化作用下与所述CRE结合物偶联得到上述季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物(CREM)。
优选的,上述制备方法中,CR结合物的具体制备方法如下:向cRGD水溶液中加入1-乙基-3(3-二甲基丙胺)碳二亚胺(EDCI)和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)作为催化剂活化cRGD中的羧基,活化完成后调节pH至弱碱性,然后缓慢加入QCOS溶液进行反应,反应完成后,反应产物经纯化即得CR结合物。
进一步的,EDCI和NHS催化剂的质量比为1~3:0.5~1.5。
进一步的,所述弱碱性为pH值7~8.0。
进一步的,所述QCOS溶液加入cRGD水溶液后缓慢搅拌,反应20~25h后结束反应。
进一步的,所述纯化可采用柱色谱、透析等常规方式,具体的,采用截留分子量(MWCO)为1000Da的透析袋进行纯化得到CR结合物。
具体的实施方式中,所述CR结合物的制备方法如下:将cRGD溶于双蒸水中,获得cRGD溶液,然后向其中加入EDCI和NHS催化剂,比例为2:1,混匀,于室温条件下缓慢搅拌,搅拌完成后调pH值至7.40;用双蒸水溶解QCOS,将QCOS溶液逐滴加入到cRGD溶液中,缓慢搅拌反应24h,反应完成后,将反应液转移到截留分子量为1000Da的透析袋中用双蒸水透析两天,除去杂质;透析完成后,收集反应液放入冷冻干燥机中冻干,获得CR结合物。
优选的,上述制备方法中,所述CRE结合物的制备方法如下:向ES2的水溶液中加入EDCI和NHS进行活化后,缓慢加入上述CR溶液继续反应,反应结束后,反应产物经纯化后即得CRE结合物。
进一步的,活化时间为0.8~1.2h。
进一步的,所述加入CR溶液后室温条件下反应20~25h。
进一步的,所述纯化可采用柱色谱、透析等常规方式;具体的,采用截留分子量(MWCO)为1000Da的透析袋透析纯化得到CRE结合物。
具体的实施方式中,所述CRE结合物的制备方法如下:将ES2短肽溶于双蒸水中,获得ES2溶液;分别向其中加入EDCI和NHS,缓慢搅拌活化1h。取适量的CR溶于双蒸水中,并将此溶液逐滴加入到ES2中,于室温条件下反应24h。反应完成后,用MWCO为1000Da的透析袋中用双蒸水透析两天,以除去杂质。透析完成后,收集反应液放入冷冻干燥机中冻干,获得CRE结合物。
优选的,上述制备方法中,所述CREM结合物的制备方法如下:将MTX溶于NaOH溶液中,添加EDCI和NHS作为催化剂进行催化反应,然后缓慢加入CRE溶液继续反应,反应结束后,反应产物经纯化后即得CREM结合物。
进一步的,所述NaOH溶液浓度为0.08~0.12M。
进一步的,加入CRE溶液后继续反应20~25h。
具体的实施方式中,所述CREM结合物的制备方法如下:向MTX的0.1M NaOH溶液中分别加入EDCI和NHS作为催化剂,振荡混匀后,活化1h;活化完成后,向反应液中加入CRE溶液,继续反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液放入MWCO为1000Da的透析袋中用双蒸水透析三天,除去杂质;透析完成后,收集反应液置于冷冻干燥机内冻干,获得CREM结合物。
本发明第三方面,提供一种组合物,所述组合物中,第一方面所述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物作为活性成分。
优选的,所述组合物中,还包括其他抗肿瘤活性成分,所述抗肿瘤活性成分包括但不限于细胞毒类药物、激素类药物、生物反应调节剂、单克隆抗体药物或其他类型的药物。
其中,上述细胞毒类药物包括、烷化剂和氮芥类(如:氮芥、苯丁酸氮芥、环磷酰胺、异环磷酰胺、美法仑等)、塞替派类(如:塞替派等)、亚硝尿类(如:卡莫司汀、司莫司汀等)和甲基磺酸酯类(如:白消安等)、铂类化合物(如:顺铂、卡铂和草酸铂等)、丝裂霉素(如:丝裂霉素等)、二氢叶酸还原酶抑制剂(如:甲氨蝶呤、培美曲塞等)、胸腺核苷合成酶抑制剂(如:5-FU、FT-207、卡培他滨等)、嘌呤核苷酸合成酶抑制剂(如:6-巯基嘌呤、6-TG等)、核苷酸还原酶抑制剂(如:羟基脲等)、DNA多聚酶抑制剂(如:阿糖胞苷、吉西他滨等)、抑制RNA合成的药物(如:放线菌素D、柔红霉素、阿霉素、表阿霉素、阿克拉霉素、光辉霉素等)作用于DNA复制的拓扑异构酶Ⅰ抑制剂(如:伊立替康、拓扑替康、羟基喜树碱等)、干扰微管蛋白合成的药物(如:紫杉醇、多西他赛、长春花碱、去甲长春花碱、鬼臼碱类、高三尖杉酯碱等)。
上述激素类药物包括抗雌激素(如:三苯氧胺、托瑞米芬、依西美坦等)、芳香化酶抑制剂(如:氨苯乙哌啶酮、福美司坦、来曲唑、阿那曲唑等)、孕激素(如:甲孕酮、甲地孕酮等)、性激素(如:甲基睾丸酮、丙酸睾丸酮、己烯雌酚等)、抗雄激素(如:氟它氨等)、RH-LH激动剂/拮抗剂(如:戈舍瑞林、醋酸亮丙瑞林等)。
上述生物反应调节剂包括干扰素、白细胞介素-2、胸腺肽类。
上述单克隆抗体药物(如:利妥昔单抗注射液、注射用曲妥珠单抗、贝伐珠单抗等)
上述其他类药物包括细胞分化诱导剂(如:维甲类、亚砷酸等)、细胞凋亡诱导剂、新生血管生成抑制剂、表皮生长因子受体抑制剂(如:吉非替尼、厄洛替尼等)、止呕药(如:恩丹西酮、盐酸格拉司琼等)、镇痛药(如:阿司匹林、扑热息痛、可待因、曲马多、吗啡、芬太尼等)、抑制破骨细胞药(如:氯膦酸二钠、帕米磷酸二钠等)。
优选的,所述组合物中,还具有药学上所必需的辅料。
本发明提供的组合物对剂型并没有特别的限制,可以作为固体制剂(片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、粉剂等),液体制剂(糖浆剂、注射剂等)等,介于本发明结合物中的多肽成分,上述结合物掺入组合物制备相应的制剂时,应当适当添加药学上可行的有机或无机载体以保持多肽活性。
一种实施方式中,所述组合物为固体口服制剂、液体口服制剂或注射剂。
又一种实施方式中,所述药物剂型为可注射埋植剂、乳剂、脂质体、微囊剂、微球剂、纳米粒等。
本发明第四方面,提供第一方面所述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物、第三方面组合物在制备增强机体免疫力、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗新生血管生成和/或抗肿瘤等相关疾病的产品中的应用。
优选的,所述产品包括但不限于药物。
优选的,所述抗氧化相关疾病包括但不限于糖尿病、心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病等。
优选的,所述抗炎相关疾病包括但不限于炎症、慢性哮喘、类风湿性关节炎、炎性肠病及牛皮癣等。
优选的,所述抗菌种类包括但不限于白色念球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌等。
优选的,所述新生血管生成相关疾病包括但不限于糖尿病视网膜病变、冠心病、和退行性关节炎等。
优选的,所述肿瘤包括但不限于皮肤癌,头颈癌,肺癌,食道癌,子宫颈癌,子宫癌,胰腺癌,乳腺癌,肾癌,输尿管癌,膀胱癌,鳞状细胞癌,基底细胞癌,黑色素瘤,舌癌,咽鳞状细胞癌或恶性淋巴瘤,喉鳞状细胞癌,肺鳞状细胞或小细胞癌,食道鳞状细胞癌,宫颈癌等、消化道肿瘤、生殖系统肿瘤、淋巴肿瘤、骨肿瘤、头颈部肿瘤等。
为了使得本领域技术人员能够更加清楚地了解本发明的技术方案,以下将结合具体的实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1:
一、ES2肽的cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖化修饰物(CRE)的制备
(1)取适量cRGD溶于双蒸水中,获得cRGD溶液,然后向其中加入EDCI和NHS催化剂,比例为2:1,混匀,于室温条件下缓慢搅拌,搅拌完成后调pH值至7.40。用双蒸水溶解QCOS,将QCOS溶液逐滴加入到cRGD溶液中,缓慢搅拌反应24h。反应完成后,将反应液转移到MWCO为1000Da的透析袋中用双蒸水透析两天,除去杂质。透析完成后,收集反应液放入冷冻干燥机中冻干,获得CR结合物。
(2)将ES2短肽(采用固相合成法合成)溶于双蒸水中,获得ES2溶液。分别向其中加入EDCI和NHS,缓慢搅拌活化1h。取适量的CR溶于双蒸水中,并将此溶液逐滴加入到ES2中,于室温条件下反应24h。反应完成后,用MWCO为1000Da的透析袋中用双蒸水透析两天,以除去杂质。透析完成后,收集反应液放入冷冻干燥机中冻干,获得CRE结合物。
二、ES2肽的cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖化修饰并联合甲氨蝶呤的结合物(CREM)的制备
(1)将适量的MTX用0.1M的NaOH溶液溶解,然后向此溶液中分别加入EDCI和NHS作为催化剂,振荡混匀后,活化1h。活化完成后,向反应液中加入CRE(第一部分步骤(2)中制备)溶液,继续反应24h。反应结束后,将反应液放入MWCO为1000Da的透析袋中用双蒸水透析三天,除去杂质。透析完成后,收集反应液置于冷冻干燥机内冻干,获得CREM结合物。
采用1H NMR鉴定CRE/CREM结构,结果如图1和图2所示,已成功制备出CRE/CREM结合物。
实施例2ES2肽、CRE和CREM结合物对内皮细胞增殖的抑制作用
(1)实验药物:ES2肽、实施例1制备的CRE结合物与CREM结合物。
(2)实验方法:收集对数期生长的EAhy926细胞,调整细胞悬液至合适浓度,并以每孔5×103个细胞接种到96孔板中,放入二氧化碳培养箱,在37℃下过夜培养96孔板至细胞贴壁。然后分别加入ES2、CRE和CREM三种药物,药物浓度分别为5μg/mL,25μg/mL,50μg/mL,75μg/mL,100μg/mL,200μg/mL,500μg/mL(浓度以ES2浓度为标准),每种药物设置8个复孔。将只含有DMEM培养基的孔设置为空白对照组,有细胞且不加含药培养基的孔作为为阴性对照组。将96孔板置于二氧化碳培养箱中孵育48h,在避光条件下弃掉培养基,将CCK-8溶液加入到96孔板内,每孔10μL,将96孔板放置到培养箱中,培养基颜色变为橙色后取出,然后用酶标仪检测450nm波长条件下各孔的OD值,并计算细胞抑制率计算公式如下:抑制率=[1-[(实验组-空白对照组)/(阴性对照组-空白对照组)]]×100%。
抑制内皮细胞增殖实验结果见图3。由图可以看出,三组药物对EAhy926细胞的增殖均有明显的抑制作用,随着肽浓度的增加,抑制率也呈剂量依赖性增加。同时发现,随着浓度的增加,CREM表现出比其它两组更好的抑制作用。
实施例3ES2肽、CRE和CREM结合物对B16F10高转移黑色素瘤细胞增殖的抑制作用比较
(1)实验药物:ES2肽、实施例1制备的CRE结合物、CREM结合物。
(2)实验方法:收集对数期生长的B16F10细胞,调整细胞悬液至合适浓度,并以每孔5×103个细胞接种到96孔板中,放入二氧化碳培养箱,在37℃下过夜培养96孔板至细胞贴壁。然后分别加入ES2、CRE和CREM三种药物,药物浓度分别为5μg/mL,25μg/mL,50μg/mL,75μg/mL,100μg/mL,200μg/mL,100μg/mL(浓度以ES2浓度为标准),每种药物设置8个复孔。将只含有1640培养基的孔设置为空白对照组,有细胞且不加含药培养基的孔作为为阴性对照组。将96孔板置于二氧化碳培养箱中孵育48h,在避光条件下弃掉培养基,将CCK-8溶液加入到96孔板内,每孔10μL,将96孔板放置到培养箱中,培养基颜色变为橙色后取出,然后用酶标仪检测450nm波长条件下各孔的OD值,并计算细胞抑制率计算公式如下:抑制率=[1-[(实验组-空白对照组)/(阴性对照组-空白对照组)]]×100%。
抑制黑色素瘤细胞增殖实验结果见图4。由图4可以看出,ES2组药物对B16F10细胞的增殖没有太大影响,而CRE和CREM两组药物均对B16F10细胞有明显的抑制作用,而且随着浓度的增加,抑制率也呈剂量依赖性增加。同时发现,随着浓度的增加,CREM表现出比CRE组更好的抑制作用。
实施例4采用激光共聚焦显微镜进行B16黑色素瘤细胞对ES2肽、CRE和CREM结合物的细胞摄取实验
(1)实验药物:ES2肽、实施例1制备的CRE结合物、CREM结合物。
(2)实验方法:收集对数期生长的B16细胞,调整细胞悬液至合适浓度,接种到12孔板中,放入二氧化碳培养箱,在37℃下过夜培养12孔板至细胞贴壁。然后分别加入适量的经FITC标记的ES2、CRE和CREM三种药物(FITC浓度为50μg/mL),每种药物设置3个复孔。将只含有1640培养基的孔设置为空白对照组,有含药培养基的孔作为为实验组。将12孔板置于二氧化碳培养箱中孵育6h,在避光条件下弃掉培养基,用PBS洗涤细胞三次;加入1mL的4%多聚甲醛固定30min,用PBS洗涤细胞三次;之后再加入1mL的DAPI染液染色20min,用PBS洗涤细胞三次,避光保存,立即进行激光共聚焦拍照。
采用激光共聚焦显微镜进行细胞摄取实验结果见图5。由图5可以看出,ES2组的FITC荧光最弱,CRE和CREM组的FITC荧光明显强于ES2组,说明B16细胞对ES2的摄取最少,而对经过cRGD修饰后的CRE和CREM的摄取显著增强,这表明相比于未经修饰的ES2,经过cRGD修饰后的CRE和CREM的肿瘤靶向性显著增强。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物在制备抗黑色素瘤的药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述结合物中,季铵化壳寡糖、cRGD、ES2肽及甲氨蝶呤通过酰胺键连接,其结构式如下:
QCOS-(cRGD)n1-(ES2)n2-(MTX) n3;
式中,n1=1~10,n2=1~10,n3=1~10;季铵化壳寡糖的分子量小于3000 Da;
所述cRGD肽,为一种环肽,序列为cyclo (Arg-Gly-Asp-d-Phe-Cys);
所述ES2肽的氨基酸序列为:IVRRADRAAVP;
所述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物的制备方法如下:
活化cRGD的羧基部分,碱性条件下加入季铵化壳寡糖反应得到CR结合物;将活化后的ES2肽后与CR结合物偶联得到CRE结合物;将甲氨蝶呤溶于碱性溶液中,催化作用下与所述CRE结合物偶联得到上述cRGD-季铵化壳寡糖修饰的ES2肽-甲氨蝶呤结合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述季铵化壳寡糖的取代度为4~7。
3.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述季铵化壳寡糖的取代度为4或5或6。
4.如权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述季铵化壳寡糖的取代度为5。
5.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述n1=1~6;
或,所述n2=1~6;
或,所述n3=1~6。
6.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述结合物中,cRGD的个数为2,3或4个。
7.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述结合物中,ES2的个数为2,3或4个。
8.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述结合物中,MTX的个数为2,3或4个。
9.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,CR结合物的制备方法如下:向cRGD水溶液中加入1-乙基-3(3-二甲基丙胺)碳二亚胺和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺作为催化剂活化cRGD中的羧基,活化完成后调节pH至弱碱性,然后缓慢加入QCOS溶液进行反应,反应完成后,反应产物经纯化即得CR结合物;
EDCI和NHS催化剂的质量比为1~3:0.5~1.5;
所述弱碱性为pH值7~8.0;
所述QCOS溶液加入cRGD水溶液后缓慢搅拌,反应20~25h后结束反应;
所述纯化采用柱色谱、透析常规方式,采用截留分子量为1000 Da的透析袋进行纯化得到CR结合物;
所述CRE结合物的制备方法如下:向ES2的水溶液中加入EDCI和NHS进行活化后,缓慢加入上述CR溶液继续反应,反应结束后,反应产物经纯化后即得CRE结合物;
活化时间为0.8~1.2h;
所述加入CR溶液后室温条件下反应20~25h;
所述CREM结合的制备方法如下:将MTX溶于NaOH溶液中,添加EDCI和NHS作为催化剂进行催化反应,然后缓慢加入CRE溶液继续反应,反应结束后,反应产物经纯化后即得CREM结合物;
所述NaOH溶液浓度为0.08~0.12M;
加入CRE溶液后继续反应20~25h。
10.如权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,所述CR结合物的制备方法如下:将cRGD溶于双蒸水中,获得cRGD溶液,然后向其中加入EDCI和NHS催化剂,比例为2:1,混匀,于室温条件下缓慢搅拌,搅拌完成后调pH值至7.40;用双蒸水溶解QCOS,将QCOS溶液逐滴加入到cRGD溶液中,缓慢搅拌反应24h,反应完成后,将反应液转移到截留分子量为1000 Da的透析袋中用双蒸水透析两天,除去杂质;透析完成后,收集反应液放入冷冻干燥机中冻干,获得CR结合物;
所述CRE结合物的制备方法如下:将ES2短肽溶于双蒸水中,获得ES2溶液;分别向其中加入EDCI和NHS,缓慢搅拌活化1 h;取适量的CR溶于双蒸水中,并将此溶液逐滴加入到ES2中,于室温条件下反应24 h;反应完成后,用MWCO为1000 Da的透析袋中用双蒸水透析两天,以除去杂质;透析完成后,收集反应液放入冷冻干燥机中冻干,获得CRE结合物;
所述CREM结合物的制备方法如下:向MTX的0.1M NaOH溶液中分别加入EDCI和NHS作为催化剂,振荡混匀后,活化1 h;活化完成后,向反应液中加入CRE溶液,继续反应24 h;反应结束后,将反应液放入MWCO为1000 Da的透析袋中用双蒸水透析三天,除去杂质;透析完成后,收集反应液置于冷冻干燥机内冻干,获得CREM结合物。
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