CN113455210A - Method for budding walnut trees by using cover skins - Google Patents
Method for budding walnut trees by using cover skins Download PDFInfo
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- CN113455210A CN113455210A CN202110852685.2A CN202110852685A CN113455210A CN 113455210 A CN113455210 A CN 113455210A CN 202110852685 A CN202110852685 A CN 202110852685A CN 113455210 A CN113455210 A CN 113455210A
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- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
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- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 25
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 15
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- UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N Lycopene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1C(=C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=C)CCCC2(C)C UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for budding walnut trees by using a sheath, which comprises the following steps: (1) treating the rootstock: selecting a position on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 3-5 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark with the length of 3-5 cm and the width of 0.7-1.6 cm from the smooth position; (2) selecting scions: taking down barks with buds, wherein the barks have the lengths of 2-5 cm and the widths of 0.7-1.6 cm, from bud back leaf stalks on the twigs; (3) grafting: the bark with the buds is taken down and attached to the bark taken down on the stock, the left side and the right side of the bark with the buds are sleeved in the bark of the stock, the upper side and the lower side of the bark with the buds are attached to the upper side and the lower side of the bark peeled off of the stock, the scion skin buds are fixed on the stock by a grafting film and then the grafting part is wrapped by a film, the wrapping method is that the grafting part is tightened and placed in a factory, and the outer film and the fixing film are removed after 8-12 days. The method has the advantages of long grafting time of 5-7 months, high survival rate, simple operation, easy mastering and suitability for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant grafting, and particularly relates to a method for grafting walnut trees by using shell grafting buds.
Background
Walnut, also known as walnut and walnut, is a plant of the family juglandaceae, and is also called four famous dry fruits in the world together with almond, cashew nut and hazelnut. Walnut kernel contains rich nutrients, as well as Ca, P, Fe and other trace elements and minerals essential for human body, as well as carotene, riboflavin and other vitamins, and has high medical and health functions. The walnut cultivation history in China is long, but because the walnut cutting rooting is very difficult and is influenced by the bleeding, a knife saw is often adopted to carry out water discharging treatment on the stock during walnut branch grafting in production so as to reduce the influence of the bleeding of the walnut, but because the treatment strength is not well mastered, the effect is not good due to the fact that the water discharging is light, the stock is seriously dead due to the fact that the water discharging is serious, and the survival rate of the improved walnut grafted seedlings is seriously influenced. Therefore, the grafting technology is adopted to improve the survival rate of the walnut improved variety grafted seedlings.
Grafting and one of artificial vegetative propagation methods of plants are also one of vegetative propagation in vegetative propagation. During grafting, the scion and the cambium of the stock are tightly combined to ensure the survival of the scion. The grafted branch or bud is called scion; the grafted plant is called stock or table wood. When scion is carried out, a seedling with 1 to 2 buds is generally selected, and becomes the upper part or the top of a plant body after grafting, and a stock becomes the root part of the plant body after grafting. Common grafting methods such as cleft grafting, tongue grafting, bark and tongue grafting, bark grafting, abdominal grafting, cutgrafting, winter indoor grafting; the bud grafting method comprises the following steps: t-shaped bud grafting, large square bud grafting, annular bud grafting, nested skin bud grafting and the like, and the method is widely applied to grafting skin grafting, winter indoor grafting, large square bud grafting and the like. The walnut is usually bred by adopting branch grafting and bud grafting, most of the walnuts are grafted in spring, and the grafting healing is slow and the survival rate is low.
Therefore, a method for grafting the walnut tree is urgently needed, the grafting time is in summer, the walnut tree is healed quickly after grafting, and the survival rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing the method for budding the walnut trees by using the bark grafting, the grafting time is in summer, the grafting healing time can be shortened, and the grafting survival rate can be improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
a method for budding walnut trees by using a sheath comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 5-8 cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 3-5 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of which the length is 3-5 cm and the width is 0.7-1.6 cm from the smooth position;
(2) selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, longitudinally cutting off cortex after 0.2-0.4 cm of bark is left on each side of a leaf stalk on the back of the bud, taking down bark with buds of which the length is 2-5 cm and the width is 0.7-1.6 cm, and stripping the bark with buds from the scion to ensure that the width of the bark with buds is less than or equal to that of the bark of the stock;
(3) grafting: the bark with the buds is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side and the right side of the bark with the buds are sleeved in the bark of the stock, the upper side and the lower side of the bark with the buds are attached to the upper side and the lower side of the bark peeled from the stock, the grafting position is wrapped by a grafting film after the scion skin buds are fixed on the stock, and the outer film and the fixing film are removed in 8-12 days.
In the specific implementation mode of the invention, in the scion selection, bark with buds, the length of which is 2.5-4.5 cm and the width of which is 0.7-1.6 cm, is taken down.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the length of the bark with buds peeled from the scion is equal to or different from the length of the bark peeled from the rootstock.
Further, the length of the bark with buds stripped from the scion is 0.1-0.2 cm longer than that of the bark stripped from the stock;
or the length of the bark with buds stripped from the scion is 0.1-0.2 cm less than the length of the bark stripped from the stock.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the rootstock is selected from walnut tree shoots that are strong and free of other pests; the scion is selected from newly emerged tender branches.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the rootstock branch is: the diameter of the grafted branch is 0.8-1.2: 1, and preferably 1: 1.
Furthermore, the stems of the rootstock branches reach lignification, and the leaves are expanded.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the stem of the scion shoot is lignified.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the sprouts to be removed from the scion is 1.
In the specific implementation mode of the invention, the grafting film wraps the grafting part in a mode that lignified tender bud strips are selected as scions from the upper part and the lower part, and when bud slices are taken, the bud slices with barks are directly subjected to bud grafting, so that the grafting survival rate is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method increases the contact surface of the stock and the scion, shortens the time for healing the wound of walnut grafting and improves the grafting survival rate.
(2) The method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, great randomness, easy mastering and low production cost, can be used for large-scale production, and has great application value.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without creative efforts, which belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 6cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 3 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of which the length is 3cm and the width is 0.7cm from the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.2cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds of which the length is 2.6cm and the width is 0.7 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the upper side of the bark is attached to the peeling upper side of the stock, the scion bark bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting part is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 10 days.
Example 2
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 7cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 4 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of which the length is 3.5cm and the width is 1.1cm from the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.1cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds of which the length is 3cm and the width is 1.0 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the lower side of the bark is attached to the lower side of the bark peeled from the stock, the scion skin bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting part is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 10 days.
Example 3
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 8cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 5 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of 4cm in length and 1.4cm in width at the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.2cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds, wherein the length of the bark is 3.6cm, and the width of the bark is 1.4 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the lower side of the bark is attached to the lower side of the bark peeled from the stock, the scion skin bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting part is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 9 days.
Example 4
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 7cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 3 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of 4.5cm in length and 1.2cm in width at the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.2cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds of which the length is 4.1cm and the width is 1.1 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the upper side of the bark is attached to the peeling upper side of the stock, the scion bark bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting part is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 8 days.
Example 5
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 6cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 5 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of 4.5cm in length and 0.9cm in width at the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.2cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds of which the length is 4.1cm and the width is 0.8 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the upper side of the bark is attached to the peeling upper side of the stock, the scion bark bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting part is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 11 days.
Example 6
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 5cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 5 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of 4cm in length and 1.2cm in width at the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.2cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds, wherein the length of the bark is 3.6cm, and the width of the bark is 1.1 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the lower side of the bark is attached to the lower side of the bark peeled from the stock, the scion skin bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting part is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 12 days.
Example 7
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 5.5cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 4 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of 4cm in length and 0.8cm in width at the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.2cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds, wherein the length of the bark is 3.7cm, and the width of the bark is 0.8 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the right side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the upper side of the bark is attached to the peeling upper side of the stock, the scion bark bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting position is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 10 days.
Example 8
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 8cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 3 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of which the length is 5cm and the width is 1.0cm from the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.2cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds of which the length is 4.6cm and the width is 0.8 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the right side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the lower side of the bark is attached to the lower side of the bark peeled from the stock, the scion skin bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting part is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 12 days.
Example 9
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 7.5cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 5 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of which the length is 4cm and the width is 1.2cm from the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.2cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds, wherein the length of the bark is 3.7cm, and the width of the bark is 1.0 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the upper side of the bark is attached to the peeling upper side of the stock, the scion bark bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting part is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 12 days.
Example 10
A method for budding walnut trees by using mantle comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 7.5cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 4 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of 4cm in length and 0.7cm in width at the smooth position.
(2) Selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, removing leaves at 2.5cm of leaf stalks on the backs of the buds, longitudinally scratching the cortex after 0.2cm of bark is left on each side of the leaf stalks, and taking down the bark with buds, wherein the length of the bark is 3.7cm, and the width of the bark is 0.8 cm.
(3) Grafting: the bark with the bud is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side of the bark is sleeved in the bark of the stock, the upper side of the bark is attached to the peeling upper side of the stock, the scion bark bud is fixed on the stock by a plastic strip, and the grafting part is tightly wrapped by a plastic film.
(4) Removing the film: the outer membrane and the fixed membrane were removed for 12 days.
The bark taking size of the rootstock, the bud bark size of the scion and the membrane removing time in the embodiments 1 to 10 are within the range defined by the invention, the walnut grafting survival rate is more than 95%, the larger the day, the shorter the membrane removing time is, for example, the membrane removing time is about 12 days for 5-month grafting, the membrane removing time is about 10 days for 6-month grafting, and the membrane removing time is about 8 days for 7-month grafting, the wound healing is firstly healed from the bark covering position, the healing time is short, and the larger the day, the shorter the healing time is.
Therefore, the method can shorten the wound healing time and improve the grafting survival rate of the walnut seedlings only by using the method.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for budding walnut trees by using a sheath is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) treating the rootstock: selecting a smooth position of 5-8 cm on a tender branch stock to be grafted, reserving 3-5 leaves at the upper end of the smooth position, cutting off the rest part, and stripping a bark of which the length is 3-5 cm and the width is 0.7-1.6 cm from the smooth position;
(2) selecting scions: selecting healthy buds on the tender branches, longitudinally cutting off cortex after 0.2-0.4 cm of bark is left on each side of a leaf stalk on the back of the bud, taking down bark with buds of which the length is 2-5 cm and the width is 0.7-1.6 cm, and stripping the bark with buds from the scion to ensure that the width of the bark with buds is less than or equal to that of the bark of the stock;
(3) grafting: the bark with the buds is attached to the bark taken from the stock, the left side and the right side of the bark with the buds are sleeved in the bark of the stock, the upper side and the lower side of the bark with the buds are attached to the upper side and the lower side of the bark peeled from the stock, the grafting position is wrapped by a grafting film after the scion skin buds are fixed on the stock, and the outer film and the fixing film are removed in 8-12 days.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the scion is selected by removing bark with buds having a length of 2.5-4.5 cm and a width of 0.7-1.6 cm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the length of the bark with buds removed from the scion is equal to or different from the length of the bark removed from the rootstock.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the bark with buds stripped from the scion is 0.1-0.2 cm longer than the bark stripped from the stock;
or the length of the bark with buds stripped from the scion is 0.1-0.2 cm less than the length of the bark stripped from the stock.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rootstock is selected from the group consisting of strongly growing walnut tree shoots free of other pests; the scion is selected from newly emerged tender branches.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the rootstock branch is: the diameter of the grafted branch is 0.8-1.2: 1, and preferably 1: 1.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the stem of the rootstock branch is lignified and the leaf is enlarged.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stem of the scion shoot is lignified.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the number of sprouts removed from the scion is 1.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the grafting film wraps the grafting site in a manner that the top is tight and the bottom is loose.
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| CN202110852685.2A CN113455210A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Method for budding walnut trees by using cover skins |
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| CN202110852685.2A CN113455210A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Method for budding walnut trees by using cover skins |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550305A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2012-07-11 | 秀山顺成农业开发有限公司 | Hollow-square budding method for walnut trees |
| CN103828603A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-06-04 | 丁淑红 | Walnut tree grafting method |
| CN108684355A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-23 | 凉山彝族自治州亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of walnut improved combination engrafting method |
| CN111937612A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-17 | 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 | Method for improving survival rate of apocarya square bud grafting |
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2021
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