CN103503699B - Reproduction method for rejuvenizing excellent mature individual plant of rubber tree - Google Patents
Reproduction method for rejuvenizing excellent mature individual plant of rubber tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN103503699B CN103503699B CN201310284067.8A CN201310284067A CN103503699B CN 103503699 B CN103503699 B CN 103503699B CN 201310284067 A CN201310284067 A CN 201310284067A CN 103503699 B CN103503699 B CN 103503699B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of forest genetic breeding technologies, and relates to a reproduction method for rejuvenizing an excellent mature individual plant of a rubber tree, in particular to a method for reproducing an excellent mature individual plant scion of the rubber treat to a juvenile clone. The reproduction method is based on a nursery garden, the mature scion serves as a reproduction material, budling is obtained through a grafting method with an apical bud, reproduction is expanded through a budding method, an adventitious bud sprouts to be a stem through a method of removing an axillary bud and bending the stem, the stem produces an adventitious root through a method of combining binding the lower portion of the stem through a thick rope and drug treatment, the stem is bent again when a first leaf is stable, and a juvenile stem with good verticality and the fast-growing property is obtained by enabling the adventitious bud near to the adventitious root to sprout. Reproduction of the juvenile stem obtained through rejuvenation processing can be expanded through a budding method to establish a scion collecting garden. The reproduction method for rejuvenizing the mature excellent individual plant of the rubber tree enables the mature rubber tree to be rejuvenized to have the juvenile fast-growing property and verticality, so that the clone represents the excellent property of an original plant, and meanwhile the problem of clonal test failure caused by phasic development inconformity is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Forest Tree Genetic Breeding field, relate to natural rubber resource plant bamboo grows (
hevea brasiliensis) scion of the excellent individual plant that grows directly from seeds large tree stereotype is multiplied into the clonal method of juvenile form.
Background technology
Bamboo grows be Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae) Hevea (
hevea) high megaphanerophyte.Bamboo grows is the main source seeds of natural rubber, originates in Brazilian tropical rain forest, at present in South Asia, Africa and South America torrid areas commercial crop.The popularization of bamboo grows improved seeds makes natural rubber annual yield by area rise to 3000kg/hm from 300kg/hm, and grafted clones is the principal mode that improved seeds are promoted.Bamboo grows mainly gathers in the crops latex, is secondly timber, so require that grafting bamboo grows has good fast grow and orthostatic, namely has good " juvenile ".Select the fine individual plant of growing directly from seeds that grows up, after setting up clone comparative test, select choiceness kind, this is the maturation method of forest genetics.But the branch of large tree has adult property, and grafting or cottage propagation become clone nursery stock, after afforestation, show as poor growth, blossom and bear fruit too early, the features such as the not obvious or trunk deflection of trunk, lose fast grow and the orthostatic of plant childhood, are called " maturation effect ".Maturation effect is all inescapable natural laws of any trees, and certain bamboo grows is no exception.
the 60-80 age in 20th century, bamboo grows of growing directly from seeds in a large number has been planted in Zhi Jiao district, Yunnan, so far the age of tree is not from 30-60 etc., minority individual plant is wherein had to produce dry more than glue 100kg per year, it is more than 30 times of community average, and amount of growth is large especially, these special genotype, have the potentiality of cultivating choiceness kind.But not etc., by the impact of maturation effect, clone does not compare validity difference to the age of tree; The same impact by maturation effect, clone can not show the original merit of the individual plant that grows directly from seeds.How the excellent individual plant that grows directly from seeds of bamboo grows stereotype carries out multiple children's breeding is the problem that academia pays close attention to always.
Breeding man of former Soviet Union Mr. meter Qiu Lin thinks, root coppice shoot can make veteran multiple children to greatest extent, this method willow (
populusetc. spp.) succeeded in trees application, but the report of bamboo grows so far there are no root coppice shoot; Another kind of way will set felling greatly, and its stem foot is branched out, and obtains juvenile form branch, but the large tree of bamboo grows is through tapping rubber for many years, and butt Initial skin exhausts substantially, and the probability of sprouting is minimum, probably stub is withered and cause excellent germplasm to destroy, and this method substantially need not in real work; Be that explant carries out tissue cultures with flower pesticide, can answer children, in some genotype of bamboo grows, (cloud grinds 77-2 to this method, Deng) succeed, but most gene type is not yet solved a difficult technical problem, and to equipment and technical requirement higher, this method is restricted in practice; Rubber Grafting adopts bud grafting method, thus people adopt the method for multiple budding to make it to obtain part childrenization, this method requires that budling can peeling and realize bud grafting, but because these fine individual plant age of trees are large, add long-term rubber tapping, tree vigo(u)r is old and feeble, blade is intensive, branch can not peeling, and axillalry bud is divided into bud mostly, can not meet the condition of bud grafting breeding.The multiple children to bamboo grows stereotype fine individual plant is all right obstructed for above-mentioned several method.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of simple and easy to do multiple young propagation method, adopt fine individual plant stereotype band terminal bud branch to carry out scion grafting, adopt axillalry bud to carry out bud grafting expanding propagation again, impel indefinite bud to sprout into stem, make stem produce adventive root, impel the indefinite bud near adventive root sprout and obtain juvenile form budling.
The propagation method of the multiple children of a kind of bamboo grows fine individual plant of the present invention stereotype, it is characterized in that: with stereotype scion for propagating materials, juvenile form stem is sprouted → obtained to the indefinite bud sprouted near stem → stem generation adventive root → adventive root by band terminal bud scion grafting → bud grafting → indefinite bud;
(1), scion grafting: with annual seedling for stock; Gather ceiling leaf age stability and more healthy and stronger branch in rainy season from the large tree of fine individual plant, select the band terminal bud branch of more than diameter 8mm, long 8cm to implement splice grafting, terminal bud germination is to reach the object of breed conservation;
(2), bud grafting: Second Year rainy season, scion grows the fluffy leaf of 3-4, high 60-100cm, more axillalry bud can be provided to carry out bud grafting breeding, expand plant quantity, after bud grafting survives, saw anvil then, bud sheet is sprouted and forms grafting plant, remove the axillalry bud within the scope of stem foot 10cm with scraper when the first fluffy leaf is stablized, axillalry bud comprises scale bud;
(3), hestening rooting: the 3rd year spring and summer, being bent by stem impels the indefinite bud of base portion to sprout into the plant of vertical growth, when the first fluffy leaf is stablized, remove the axillalry bud within the scope of the 15cm of stem bottom with scraper, axillalry bud comprises scale bud, and at 5cm place, bottom, thick line bundlees stem, within the scope of the binding above 3cm in position, many places are carved and are hindered stem, coat high-concentration naphthalene acetic acid solution, then earthing is to the above 10cm place of wound location, impels stem to produce adventive root;
(4), obtain juvenile form budling: the 4th year spring and summer, check adventive root growing state, by having, the plants stems dry-pressing of adventive root is curved, notes bud picking, impels the indefinite bud near adventive root to sprout, grow up to the juvenile form stem with good orthostatic and fast grow; Stem through multiple children has the excellent bud sheet of multiple proterties, and available bud grafting method expanding propagation is set up cutting orchard and is used,
Utilize scraper to remove axillalry bud in above-mentioned bud grafting step and hestening rooting step;
Utilize the stem of indefinite bud pumping to produce adventive root again in above-mentioned steps.
The scion grafting of described band terminal bud, the long 8cm of scion, splice grafting method, film wrapped immerses to prevent rainwater and prevents scion moisture from distributing, and guarantees that terminal bud position only has thin film to wrap up.
Described removing axillalry bud comprises scale bud.
The described juvenile form stem utilizing the indefinite bud near adventive root to sprout into have good orthostatic and fast grow.
embodiment:
The present invention includes following process:
1, scion grafting: with annual seedling for stock; Gather ceiling leaf age stability and more healthy and stronger branch in rainy season from the large tree of fine individual plant, select the band terminal bud branch of more than diameter 8mm, long 8cm to implement splice grafting, terminal bud germination is to reach the object of breed conservation;
2, bud grafting: Second Year rainy season, scion grows the fluffy leaf of 3-4, high 60-100cm, more axillalry bud can be provided to carry out bud grafting breeding, expand plant quantity.After bud grafting survives, saw anvil then, bud sheet is sprouted and forms grafting plant, when the first fluffy leaf is stablized, remove the axillalry bud (comprising scale bud) within the scope of stem foot 10cm with scraper;
3, hestening rooting: the 3rd year spring and summer, bends stem and impels the indefinite bud of base portion to sprout into the plant of vertical growth.When the first fluffy leaf is stablized, the axillalry bud (comprising scale bud) within the scope of the 15cm of stem bottom is removed with scraper, at 5cm place, bottom, thick line bundlees stem, within the scope of the binding above 3cm in position, many places are carved and are hindered stem, coat high-concentration naphthalene acetic acid solution, then earthing is to the above 10cm place of wound location, impels stem to produce adventive root;
4, obtain juvenile form budling: the 4th year spring and summer, check adventive root growing state, by having, the plants stems dry-pressing of adventive root is curved, notes bud picking, impels the indefinite bud near adventive root to sprout, grow up to the juvenile form stem with good orthostatic and fast grow.Stem through multiple children has the excellent bud sheet of multiple proterties, and available bud grafting method expanding propagation is set up cutting orchard and is used.
The present invention makes stereotype scion successfully answer children by the method that progressively childrenization and root promotion childrenization combine, and tool has the following advantages: do not need expensive group training equipment and meticulous tissue culture technology, cost is low; Bamboo grows stock seedling growing process is very ripe, prepares stock easy; Avoid stereotype branch stripping non-scale and axillalry bud with terminal bud whip grafting to bloom and can not the difficult problem of bud grafting; Get around the difficult problem that can not obtain root coppice shoot, but obtained the effective impact of root on bud childrenization, made multiple children's work more thorough.
Claims (4)
1. the propagation method of the multiple children of bamboo grows fine individual plant stereotype, it is characterized in that: with stereotype scion for propagating materials, juvenile form stem is sprouted → obtained to the indefinite bud sprouted near stem → stem generation adventive root → adventive root by band terminal bud scion grafting → bud grafting → indefinite bud;
(1), scion grafting: with annual seedling for stock; Gather ceiling leaf age stability and more healthy and stronger branch in rainy season from the large tree of fine individual plant, select the band terminal bud branch of more than diameter 8mm, long 8cm to implement splice grafting, terminal bud germination is to reach the object of breed conservation;
(2), bud grafting: Second Year rainy season, scion grows the fluffy leaf of 3-4, high 60-100cm, more axillalry bud can be provided to carry out bud grafting breeding, expand plant quantity, after bud grafting survives, saw anvil then, bud sheet is sprouted and forms grafting plant, remove the axillalry bud within the scope of stem foot 10cm with scraper when the first fluffy leaf is stablized, axillalry bud comprises scale bud;
(3), hestening rooting: the 3rd year spring and summer, being bent by stem impels the indefinite bud of base portion to sprout into the plant of vertical growth, when the first fluffy leaf is stablized, remove the axillalry bud within the scope of the 15cm of stem bottom with scraper, axillalry bud comprises scale bud, and at 5cm place, bottom, thick line bundlees stem, within the scope of the binding above 3cm in position, many places are carved and are hindered stem, coat high-concentration naphthalene acetic acid solution, then earthing is to the above 10cm place of wound location, impels stem to produce adventive root;
(4), obtain juvenile form budling: the 4th year spring and summer, check adventive root growing state, by having, the plants stems dry-pressing of adventive root is curved, notes bud picking, impels the indefinite bud near adventive root to sprout, grow up to the juvenile form stem with good orthostatic and fast grow; Stem through multiple children has the excellent bud sheet of multiple proterties, and available bud grafting method expanding propagation is set up cutting orchard and is used,
Utilize scraper to remove axillalry bud in above-mentioned bud grafting step and hestening rooting step;
Utilize the stem of indefinite bud pumping to produce adventive root again in above-mentioned steps.
2. the propagation method of the multiple children of a kind of bamboo grows fine individual plant stereotype according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the scion grafting of band terminal bud, the long 8cm of scion, splice grafting method, film wrapped immerses to prevent rainwater and prevents scion moisture from distributing, and guarantees that terminal bud position only has thin film to wrap up.
3. the propagation method of the multiple children of a kind of bamboo grows fine individual plant stereotype according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described removing axillalry bud comprises scale bud.
4. the propagation method of the multiple children of a kind of bamboo grows fine individual plant stereotype according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the juvenile form stem utilizing the indefinite bud near adventive root to sprout into have good orthostatic and fast grow.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798069B (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2015-05-13 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Method for screening rubber tree yield conditioning agents |
| CN104126419B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-05-18 | 山东农业大学 | Ginkgo ancient tree choiceness breeding garden method for building up |
| CN105613062B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-09-11 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | A kind of rubber select tree tender tip grafting childrenization method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107047205B (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2019-07-23 | 福建省连江乐鑫林业开发有限公司 | One kind promoting horse-tail lateral sprouting method |
| CN108254510B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2020-05-01 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Method for rapidly identifying young bud-grafting clonal seedlings of rubber trees |
| CN111011080B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2022-02-25 | 华南农业大学 | Rejuvenation cultivation method for old hydrangea stub |
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