CN113439715A - Indoor successive transfer breeding method of lycoris radiata mealybugs - Google Patents

Indoor successive transfer breeding method of lycoris radiata mealybugs Download PDF

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CN113439715A
CN113439715A CN202110898869.2A CN202110898869A CN113439715A CN 113439715 A CN113439715 A CN 113439715A CN 202110898869 A CN202110898869 A CN 202110898869A CN 113439715 A CN113439715 A CN 113439715A
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mealybugs
lycoris radiata
lycoris
nymphs
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张娟
黄�俊
唐娅媛
李明江
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Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of indoor breeding of insects, in particular to an indoor successive breeding method of lycoris radiata mealybugs. Firstly, collecting plants damaged by lycoris radiata mealybugs in the field, bringing the plants back indoors, and classifying the mealybugs on the plants according to the size of an individual; then, inoculating the lycoris radiata mealybugs with the same size onto the germinated potatoes in an artificial climate room until the mealybugs develop into female adults; then, using a soft writing brush to gently transfer female lycoris radiata mealybugs to clean germinated potatoes, and after the female lycoris radiata mealybugs lay eggs and hatch into nymphs of 1 year and molt into nymphs of 2 years, putting the fresh and clean germinated potatoes close to the nymphs of 2 years which just molt, and allowing the fresh and clean germinated potatoes to naturally climb to a fresh host plant; and finally, transferring the new germinated potatoes to a new insect breeding cage when the new germinated potatoes are full of a proper amount of 2-year nymphs of the lycoris radiata mealybugs, and repeating the operation to realize indoor subculture of the lycoris radiata mealybugs. The invention adopts the germinated potatoes to breed the lycoris radiata mealybugs, and the method is simple and easy to operate. The method can obviously shorten the development period of the lycoris radiata mealybugs, increase the egg laying amount of the lycoris radiata mealybugs per female and greatly improve the breeding efficiency. Moreover, the germinated potatoes are used as the phagemid hosts of the lycoris radiate mealybugs, are easy to obtain and convenient to store, and greatly reduce the feeding difficulty and cost.

Description

Indoor successive transfer breeding method of lycoris radiata mealybugs
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of indoor breeding of insects, in particular to an indoor successive transfer breeding method of an externally invasive biological lycoris radiata mealybug.
Background
Lycoris radiata (Phenococcus solani Ferris) belongs to Hemiptera (Hemiptera), Verticillidae (Pseudococcidae) and Phenacoccus (Phenacoccus), is an invasive pest which seriously threatens the safe production of economic crops such as Chinese medicinal plants, garden ornamental plants, vegetables and the like in recent years in China, and has a global preference for 40 plants of the family 131 to eat by the pest, particularly solanaceae, Compositae, succulent plants and the like. At present, the insect is harmful in Beijing, Xinjiang, Taiwan, Zhejiang and south China, and tends to be further diffused into the harmful. The lycoris radiata mealybugs mainly take the female imagoes and nymphs to suck the juice of the tender parts of the host plants, so that the damaged plants are poor in growth and development and are dried up and dead finally. Moreover, like other mealybugs, the honeydew secreted by the lycoris radiata mealybugs easily causes sooty mould, affects the normal photosynthesis of plants, and can cause the death of the plants in a large scale in severe cases.
At present, researchers have conducted more researches on morphological characteristics, hosts and distribution, classification and identification, biological characteristics, risk analysis, comprehensive prevention and treatment and the like of lycoris radiate mealybugs. The host range of lycoris radiata mealybugs is wide, but the adaptability of lycoris radiata mealybugs on each host plant is particularly different from the situation of causing harm. Research shows that lycoris radiata mealybugs especially like eating solanaceae, compositae and succulent plants. Intelligence vodka, etc. (2018), Lisiyi, etc. (2018) and Pangama, etc. (2020) have studied the survival, development history and reproduction of lycoris radiata mealybug on potato seedlings, lettuce leaves and succulent plants, respectively. In practical research, the lycoris radiata mealybugs are found to have higher survival rate on the germinated potatoes. Moreover, compared with potato seedlings, the potato sprouting machine has the advantages of more convenient operation and lower cost. Therefore, it is necessary to compare the survival rate, development history and reproductive capacity of the common fleshy variety (Jiyue and Hei Fammerman) which is popular and suitable for lycoris radiate mealybugs, lettuce leaves, tomato leaves, potato leaves and germinated potatoes with the mealybugs to determine the optimum host. Meanwhile, the selection of a proper host variety and reasonable feeding density are important factors influencing the feeding effect of insects, are precondition for ensuring the establishment and development of indoor population of the lycoris radiata mealybugs, and are important basis for fully researching the biological and ecological characteristics of the lycoris radiata mealybugs so as to make a reasonable prevention and control strategy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an indoor successive breeding method of lycoris radiata mealybugs, which greatly simplifies the breeding process, reduces the operation cost and can be used for large-scale production.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an indoor successive transfer breeding method of lycoris radiata mealybugs comprises the following steps: s1, determining an optimum host plant for indoor feeding of lycoris radiata mealybugs; s2, collecting lycoris radiata mealybugs in the field, and inoculating the lycoris radiata mealybugs to germinated potatoes for breeding; s3, after the lycoris radiata mealybugs develop into adults, offspring individuals are produced and develop into nymphs of 2 years, transferring the nymphs of 2 years to a fresh host plant; and S4, transferring the fresh host plant of the nymph of the 2 th year old to a new insect breeding cage, and repeating the operations from S2 to S4 to realize the indoor subculture breeding of the lycoris radiata mealybugs.
Preferably, the most suitable host plant is a germinated potato, the variety of the germinated potato is a Dutch potato, the individual size is 6-8 cm, the individual size is 4-6 bud eyes, and the bud length is 1-2 cm.
Preferably, the lycoris radiata mealybugs with the same size are female adults, nymphs of 1 year, 2 years and 3 years respectively, and are derived from wild collected lycoris radiata mealybugs host plants.
Preferably, the method for transferring the lycoris radiata mealybugs comprises the step of placing a fresh and clean host plant beside a newly molted 2-year-old nymph, and allowing the host plant to naturally climb to the fresh host plant.
Preferably, the number of 2-year-old nymphs on the germinated potatoes and the succulent plants is 15-25 heads/tuber respectively.
Preferably, the insect cage is made of organic glass, the specification is 40cm x 30cm x 20cm (length x width x height), and the placing density of the germinated potatoes in the cage is respectively 5 per cage.
Preferably, the conditions of the artificial climate chamber for breeding the lycoris radiata mealybugs are set to be 26-28 ℃ of room temperature, 70-80% of relative humidity and L16: D8 of photoperiod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method adopts the germinated potatoes to carry out subculture breeding on the lycoris radiata mealybugs, and has the characteristics of high breeding efficiency, simple method and easy operation. Meanwhile, the germinated potato tubers are used as the phagemid hosts of the lycoris radiate mealybugs, so that the storage is convenient, and the feeding cost is reduced.
The invention adopts the germinated potatoes to effectively shorten the development duration of the lycoris radiata mealybugs. The overall survival rates of 1-year, 2-year and 3-year nymphs and nymphs of lycoris radiate mealybugs on the germinated potatoes are 91.11%, 92.68%, 96.05% and 81.11 respectively; the survival rate is 91.33%; the total nymph calendar period is 17.05 days, wherein the 1 st age is 7.15 days, the 2 nd age is 4.88 days, and the 3 rd age is 5.07 days; the egg laying amount of a single female is 250.17 grains, and the breeding effect is better.
The method adopts the germinated potato tubers to carry out indoor subculture breeding on the lycoris radiata mealybugs, has important significance, and is particularly suitable for indoor feeding and research of the mealybugs.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an indoor successive transfer breeding method of lycoris radiata mealybugs, which comprises the following steps: s1, determining an optimum host plant for indoor feeding of lycoris radiata mealybugs; s2, collecting lycoris radiata mealybugs in the field, and inoculating the lycoris radiata mealybugs to germinated potatoes for breeding; s3, after the lycoris radiata mealybugs develop into adults, offspring individuals are produced and develop into nymphs of 2 years, transferring the nymphs of 2 years to a fresh host plant; and S4, transferring the fresh host plant of the nymph of the 2 th year old to a new insect breeding cage, and repeating the operations from S2 to S4 to realize the indoor subculture breeding of the lycoris radiata mealybugs.
According to the invention, the germinated potatoes are suitable host plants of the lycoris radiate mealybugs, and the lycoris radiate mealybugs are bred by the germinated potatoes, so that the development period of the mealybugs can be shortened, the survival rate and the single-female egg laying amount of the mealybugs are improved, and the breeding efficiency of the lycoris radiate mealybugs is improved.
In the invention, the host plant is a germinated potato, the variety of the germinated potato is a Dutch potato, the individual size is 6-8 cm, the individual size is 4-6 bud eyes, and the bud length is 1-2 cm. The potato has wide source and simple germination treatment operation, and is more suitable for propagating lycoris radiate mealybugs.
In the invention, the survival rate of the lycoris radiate mealybugs on the germinated potatoes is 91.33%; the total calendar period is 46.98 days, wherein the 1 st age is 7.25 days, the 2 nd age is 4.56 days, the 3 rd age is 4.82 days, and the female adult is 30.35 days; the egg laying amount of a single female is 236.78 grains, and the breeding effect is better. The germinated potatoes are selected as breeding hosts of the lycoris radiata mealybugs, so that the breeding efficiency of the mealybugs can be effectively improved.
In the invention, the lycoris radiata mealybugs with the same size are female adults and nymphs of 1-3 years old respectively, and are derived from wild collected lycoris radiata mealybugs host plants.
According to the method for transferring the lycoris radiata mealybugs, fresh and clean host plants are placed beside the 2 nd-year-old nymphs which just molt, and the host plants naturally climb to the fresh host plants. The 2 nd-year nymph of lycoris radiata mealybug has strong activity, and the death caused by improper manual operation can be reduced by utilizing the behavior characteristics of the lycoris radiata mealybug.
In the invention, the number of 2-year nymphs on the germinated potatoes is 15-25 nymphs per tuber respectively. The feeding density of the mealybugs can ensure that the lycoris radiata mealybugs can absorb sufficient nutrition to complete development and reproduction activities, and can also make full use of host plants.
In the invention, the insect-raising cage is made of organic glass and has the specification of 40cm by 30cm by 20cm (length by width by height), and the placing density of the germinated potatoes in the cage is respectively 5 per cage. The insect-raising cage made of the material and the specification is suitable for daily operation of a feeder and is beneficial to observation of biological and ecological characteristics of the lycoris radiate mealybugs. In addition, the lycoris radiata mealybugs are placed in the insect rearing cage for cultivation, so that the escaping of the lycoris radiata mealybugs and the invasion of parasitic natural enemies can be prevented.
In the invention, the condition of the artificial climate chamber for breeding the lycoris radiata mealybugs is set to be 26-28 ℃ of room temperature, 70-80% of relative humidity and L16: D8 of photoperiod.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples for better understanding the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1 Effect of different host plants on Amaryllidium amansii powder nymph survival, duration and monogynoecial egg laying amount
Selecting a succulent variety Jizui Yueyueai suitable for Lycoris radiata Leoni and Heijiu, lettuce leaf, tomato leaf, potato leaf and germinated potato as host plants, and comparing the survival rate, development history and reproductive capacity of the Gecko on different host plants to determine the optimal host. Wherein the succulent plants (dimly moon and black french), the lettuce leaves, the tomato leaves and the potato leaves are treated by water culture, and the germinated potatoes are whole potatoes with the bud length of 1-2 cm. Water culture host plant treatment: selecting plant tissue with stem and leaf total length of 10cm, wrapping the lower end with absorbent cotton, and inserting into a vertically placed test tube with outer diameter of 1.5cm and filled with clear water.
Picking 20 heads of lycoris radiata mealybugs in the stage of high egg laying, placing the lycoris radiata mealybugs in a plastic culture dish with the diameter of 5.5cm, feeding the lycoris radiata mealybugs with fresh host plant leaves or germinated potatoes, placing the lycoris radiata mealybugs in a climate box with the temperature of 26-28 ℃, the relative humidity of 70-80% and the photoperiod of L16: D8 to enable the lycoris radiata mealybugs to naturally lay eggs, and obtaining the nymphs which are hatched for 1 year in the same day age on the 2 nd day. And selecting well-developed single-head primarily hatched nymphs to be connected to leaves of water-cultured host plants or germinated potatoes, treating 30 heads of each host plant, and repeating for 3 times. Observing the lycoris radiata mealybugs for 1 time every 24h before eclosion into adults, and then observing the lycoris radiata mealybugs for 1 time every 2d until the adults die, and counting the survival development and death conditions of the adults. The above treatment was repeated 3 times. Meanwhile, selecting 40 primary eclosion adults of the lycoris radiata mealybugs bred by the single worm randomly, investigating the egg laying condition every 2d, and counting the number of nymphs hatched initially in the F1 generation and the total amount of eggs not hatched from the hatching of eggs in the F1 generation to research the propagation characteristics.
TABLE 1 survival rate (%) of Lycoris radiata Lepidium of different ages on 6 host plants
Host plant 1 st nymph stage 2-instar nymph stage 3-instar nymph stage Total nymph stage
Dimly moon 84.44±3.84AB 85.71±4.01AB 89.39±3.82A 64.44±5.07B
Black court teacher 74.44±4.62B 89.71±3.71A 93.44±3.20A 63.33±5.11B
Lettuce leaf 66.67±5.00BC 83.33±4.85AB 87.76±4.73A 47.78±5.29C
Tomato leaf 56.67±5.25C 74.00±6.27B 86.49±5.70A 35.56±5.07C
Potato blade 86.67±3.60A 87.18±3.81A 91.18±3.47A 68.89±4.91B
Sprouted potato 91.11±3.02A 92.68±2.89A 96.05±2.25A 81.11±4.15A
Note: different letters indicate significant differences between different host plants.
As can be seen from Table 1, the survival rate of Lycoris radiata Leoni is much higher in the germinated potatoes than in other host plants.
TABLE 2 duration and single-female egg laying amount of different instar nymphs of lycoris radiata mealybugs on 6 host plants
Figure BDA0003189807550000041
Figure BDA0003189807550000051
Note: different letters indicate significant differences between different host plants.
As can be seen from Table 2, the nymphs of the lycoris radiate mealybugs on the germinated potatoes and the potato leaves are both significantly shorter than those of other host plants, and the egg laying amount per female is 3-4 times that of the other host plants, wherein the egg laying amount per female on the germinated potatoes is the largest and reaches 250.17.
Example 2 Effect of different feeding densities on the escape rate, development and reproduction of Lycoris radiata Leonia Leoni
5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 lycoris radiate mealybugs are respectively inoculated on 1 sprouted potato, nymphs are initially hatched, the number of the rest mealybugs is counted after 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours, and the optimum inoculation number of a single potato is analyzed. Each treatment was repeated 3 times.
TABLE 2 Retention of Lycoris radiata Lepidium on Single sprouted Potato tubers
Figure BDA0003189807550000052
Figure BDA0003189807550000061
Note: different lower case letters indicate significant differences between treatments, the following.
As can be seen from the table 2, after the inoculation is carried out for 24 hours, the number of the mealybugs remained on the potatoes is gradually increased along with the increase of the number of the inoculated insects, but when the number of the inoculated insects exceeds 30, the successful proportion of the inoculation is gradually reduced; after 48 and 72 hours of insect inoculation, the number of the mealybugs is gradually stabilized, and the number of the successful insects is the highest when 15-25 insects are inoculated. Therefore, the suitable number of the inoculated insects on a single sprouted potato is 15-25.
In addition to the density of the mealybugs, the different potato densities in the insect cages are also important transfer speeds affecting the survival, growth, development and propagation of the mealybugs. Placing 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 potatoes with 20 mealybugs in an insect breeding cage respectively, observing and recording death, molting and egg laying conditions of the lycoris radiata mealybugs day by day, and counting the survival, development and single-female egg laying amount of the mealybugs under different densities of the potato with the insect. Each treatment was repeated 3 times.
TABLE 3 influence of density of potato with worm in the cage on the egg laying amount of 1-3-year nymphaea of lycoris radiata and female adult in the calendar period
Figure BDA0003189807550000062
Figure BDA0003189807550000071
As can be seen from Table 3, the different densities of the potatoes with the insects in the insect rearing cage can affect the development periods of 1-3-year-old nymphs and female adults of the lycoris radiata mealybugs and the egg laying amount of words. Wherein, the nymph calendar of 1-3 years old is longest when the density of the potato with the nymph is 9 per cage, and shortest when the density is 5 per cage; the female adult calendar period has no obvious difference under other densities except that the density is the shortest when 9 adults are used per cage; the egg laying amount per female is the largest when the density of the potatoes is 5 per cage, and the smallest when the density of the potatoes is 9 per cage. Therefore, the optimum feeding density of lycoris radiata mealybugs is 5 potatoes per cage of white beetles.

Claims (7)

1. An indoor successive transfer breeding method of lycoris radiata mealybugs comprises the following steps: s1, collecting lycoris radiata mealybugs in the field, and inoculating the lycoris radiata mealybugs to germinated potatoes for breeding; s2, after the lycoris radiata mealybugs develop into adults, offspring individuals are produced and develop into nymphs of 2 years, transferring the nymphs of 2 years to a fresh host plant; and S3, transferring the fresh host plant full of 2-year-old nymphs to a new insect breeding cage, and repeating the operations to realize indoor subculture breeding of the lycoris radiata mealybugs.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the germinated potato variety is a Dutch potato, and the individual size is 6-8 cm, with 4-6 eyes and 1-2 cm length of buds.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Lycoris radiata Leoni of the same size is female adult, 1-year, 2-year and 3-year nymphs, respectively, derived from wild collected host plant of Lycoris radiata Leoni.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said Amaryllidium amansii Lecanicillium is transplanted by placing a fresh clean host plant next to the newly molted 2-year-old nymph and allowing it to naturally climb onto the fresh host plant.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the number of nymphs at 2 years old on germinated potatoes is 15-25 nymphs/tuber, respectively.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the insect cage is plexiglass and has a dimension of 40cm by 30cm by 20cm (length by width by height), and the density of germinated potatoes in the cage is 5 per cage.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the climatic chamber conditions for feeding the lycoris radiata mealybugs are set to 26-28 ℃ at room temperature, 70-80% at relative humidity and L16: D8 at photoperiod.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102742555A (en) * 2012-07-07 2012-10-24 山西出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心 Method for raising phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley
CN104094902A (en) * 2014-07-21 2014-10-15 广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所 Indoor subculture breeding method for phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley
CN110521674A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-03 广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所 A kind of indoor feeding method of Ban Shi encyrtid
CN111903617A (en) * 2020-07-29 2020-11-10 广东省生物资源应用研究所 Indoor subculture method of sedge

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102742555A (en) * 2012-07-07 2012-10-24 山西出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心 Method for raising phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley
CN104094902A (en) * 2014-07-21 2014-10-15 广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所 Indoor subculture breeding method for phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley
CN110521674A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-03 广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所 A kind of indoor feeding method of Ban Shi encyrtid
CN111903617A (en) * 2020-07-29 2020-11-10 广东省生物资源应用研究所 Indoor subculture method of sedge

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