CN113336529A - 一种多通道油包水型乳化膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种多通道油包水型乳化膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113336529A CN113336529A CN202110785528.4A CN202110785528A CN113336529A CN 113336529 A CN113336529 A CN 113336529A CN 202110785528 A CN202110785528 A CN 202110785528A CN 113336529 A CN113336529 A CN 113336529A
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- water
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- oil emulsion
- oil
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Abstract
本发明提供一种多通道油包水型乳化膜，主要以粉煤灰和碳化硅粉体为主料进行混合，加入造孔剂、黏合剂、润滑剂、烧结助剂、分散剂和溶剂，经过研磨制备成粒子分散均匀和流延性好的泥料，经捏合练泥一体机练泥处理后利用真空挤出机加工成为多通道管式膜湿胚体，干燥后高温烧结制备得到多孔管式载体。将疏水改性剂灌注到多孔管式载体的内部以获得涂覆的多孔管式载体，然后干燥烧制涂覆的多孔载体，最终制备得到多通道油包水型乳化膜。该乳化膜烧结温度低，拥有大孔通道和多个小孔通道，稳定性高、通道阻力小，具有机械强度高、孔隙率大、耐酸碱、耐高温、抗氧化、高耐腐蚀性且表面光滑的特点，适合制备油包水型油包水乳液的介质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及重油深加工用乳化膜技术领域，特别涉及一种多通道油包水型乳化膜，以及该油包水型乳化膜的制备方法。
背景技术
重油深加工过程中，由于重油中重质组分多、粘度密度大，重油在催化反应前汽化和雾化会变得困难，而重油的汽化和雾化对反应起着重要的作用。国内外一般采用重油掺水乳化技术，由于水与重油的表面张力很大，水在重油中不能稳定分散且易凝聚，一般加入非离子型表面活性剂作为乳化剂，通过降低表面张力，最终制备出稳定的油包水型乳化液。常见的重油破乳方法是超声、微波、电场和化学剂乳化等，但是每种方法都有其固有的缺点，例如效率低，原料成本高，能耗高以及操作复杂。
膜乳化法是近年出现的一种新型乳化技术，最早研究可以追溯到1988年，Nakashima等制备出硅砂多孔玻璃膜并用来乳化，它是通过无机膜介质将分散相在外压作用下穿过膜孔而在膜表面形成液滴；连续相在磁力搅拌的作用下产生剪切力对膜面的分散相液滴形成冲刷作用，液滴的尺寸超过临界大小时就从膜表面剥离进而形成乳化液。乳化液的液滴尺寸在给定的操作条件下与膜孔尺寸线性相关，膜的类型和几何形状的差异都能造成乳滴尺寸的变化。采用膜乳化法制备微纳米级均质稳定的乳化重油，实现其在提升管反应器中雾化“微爆”效应，大幅度降低进料油滴的粒径，改善催化进料的雾化效果，提高重油的催化裂化效率，提高产品收率，降低生焦率。油包水型乳化液比水包油型乳化液更难制备，这是分散水相液滴很难在连续油相中稳定，乳化剂分子在油相中的扩散比在水相中的扩散慢。因此，在油相中重新形成稳定水滴的速度慢，聚并现象不可避免。
通常膜孔不应被分散相浸润，这就意味着亲水性膜适合制备水包油乳液，疏水性膜适合制备油包水乳液。膜的孔隙率也很重要，因为它决定了相邻孔间的距离，距离增加，孔隙率下降。在高孔隙率下孔间越接近，在膜表面乳滴分离前其聚并的可能性越大。另一方面，若孔隙率太低，则分散相通量很小，影响乳化产品的产量。因此，本发明提供一种多通道油包水型乳化膜，以及该油包水型乳化膜的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种多通道油包水型乳化膜，该油包水型乳化膜主要以粉煤灰和碳化硅粉体为主料，再加入造孔剂、黏合剂、润滑剂、烧结助剂、分散剂和溶剂混合均匀，经捏合练泥一体机真空挤出成为多通道管式膜湿胚体，并把疏水改性剂灌注到多通道管式膜湿胚体的内部以获得涂覆的多孔管式载体，最后烧制该多孔管式载体以获得油包水型乳化膜；从而弥补油包水型乳化膜品种匮乏、使用过程存在膜污染、油包水型乳化液不稳定等不足。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种多通道油包水型乳化膜，所述油包水型乳化膜主要用料为粉煤灰和碳化硅粉体，由以下质量百分比的原料组成：粉煤灰30～60wt％，碳化硅粉体10～50wt％，造孔剂5～10wt％，黏合剂0.5～5wt％，润滑剂0.1～2wt％，烧结助剂5～10wt％，分散剂0.5～3wt％，余量为溶剂。
进一步地，所述油包水型乳化膜还包括涂覆在乳化膜表面的疏水改性剂，所述疏水改性剂按体积百分数为：将10％～20％的有机聚合物溶解于50％～80％的正庚烷溶液中，加入3％～10％的正硅酸乙酯和0.5％～2％的二月桂酸二丁基锡，室温搅拌均匀制成所述疏水改性剂。
所述粉煤灰主要成分为二氧化硅和三氧化二铝，所述二氧化硅和三氧化二铝总含量大于70％；所述粉煤灰平均粒径为0.5～5微米。
所述碳化硅粉体为平均粒径0.2～5微米的α-SiC和平均粒径0.1～0.5微米的β-SiC组成，所述α-SiC质量占比为50％～90％。
所述造孔剂选自淀粉、碳粉、碳酸氢铵、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球的一种或多种组合。
所述黏合剂选自聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚乙二醇、羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种组合。
所述润滑剂为水溶性润滑剂和醇溶性润滑剂的混合，所述水溶性润滑剂选自甘油、石蜡的一种或两种组合；所述醇溶性润滑剂为硬脂酸钙和桐油的一种或两种组合。
所述烧结助剂由以下质量百分比的原料组成：莫来石35～50wt％，氢氧化镁10～20wt％，碳酸钡5～10wt％，酚醛树脂5～15wt％，炭黑5～15wt％，碳化硼(B4C)1～5wt％。
所述分散剂选自聚丙烯酸、聚甲基丙烯酸铵、一异丙醇胺、多聚磷酸、硬脂酸钾和氢氧化四甲基铵中的一种或多种组合。
所述溶剂选自水和乙醇中的一种或两种混合。
所述有机聚合物选自乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、六甲基二硅胺烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷的一种或多种组合。
为了实现上述目的，本发明还提供制备该油包水型乳化膜的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1混料处理，将所述粉煤灰和碳化硅粉体进行混合搅拌，加入造孔剂、黏合剂、润滑剂、烧结助剂、分散剂和溶剂混合均匀，加入到球型研磨机中进行研磨1～12h，制备成粒子分散均匀和流延性好的泥料；
S2制作膜湿胚体，将步骤S1得到所述泥料进入捏合练泥一体机，经2～5h练泥处理后利用真空挤出机挤出成为多通道管式膜湿胚体，在70～110℃下干燥1～3h后，将所述膜湿胚体进行第一次高温烧结得到多孔管式载体；
S3多孔管式载体涂覆，按体积分数将10％～20％的有机聚合物溶解于50％～80％的正庚烷溶液中，加入3％～10％正硅酸乙酯和0.5％～2％的二月桂酸二丁基锡，室温搅拌均匀制成疏水改性剂；将所述疏水改性剂灌注到步骤S2所述多孔管式载体的内部以获得涂覆多孔管式载体，然后将所述涂覆多孔管式载体干燥18～32h，重复2-4次；
S4油包水型乳化膜处理，将干燥后的所述涂覆多孔管式载体进行第二次高温烧结以获得油包水型乳化膜。
通过上述步骤所得的油包水型乳化膜，其多孔管式膜内部沿着轴线方向设有大孔通道和多个小孔通道，大孔通道位于多孔管式膜内中间处，多个小孔通道围绕所述大孔通道外侧均匀排布；最外层的小孔圆形流道与膜外表面之间的壁厚为1.5～3.5mm。
优选的，步骤S2所述第一次高温烧结参数如下：以升温速率为5～25℃/min到250℃；以升温速率为25～60℃/min从250℃到450℃；以升温速率为5～10℃/min从450℃到650℃，并保温1～3h；以升温速率为20～50℃/min从650℃～1100℃；最终升温至1100～1300℃，保温1～2h；最后自然冷却至室温。
步骤S4第二次高温烧结参数如下：维持升温速度在0.5℃/min-4.5℃/min之间，并在90℃～180℃时保温0.5～2h；最终升温至220～500℃保温1～2h；最后自然冷却至室温。
相比于现有技术，本发明具有如下有益效果：
(1)采用α-SiC颗粒的合成成本较低，并且比β-SiC颗粒更热稳定，但α-SiC的烧结温度高于β-SiC的烧结温度。本发明采用包括由α-SiC颗粒β-SiC颗粒的组合混合而成的成分来降低反应温度，此外，选择粒径5微米以下的粉煤灰和碳化硅粉末，与现有大粒径的物质相比，烧结过程中氧供给顺畅，从而氧化工序有效地起到作用，可将烧结温度降低至1200℃以下。
(2)该烧结助剂的配方在保证材料性能的同时解决了高温烧结存在的系列难题，降低了无机材料的烧结温度，同时莫来石的加入改善了膜材料的抗氧化能力、机械强度和耐高温性能，该配方原料筛选和比例优化后的结果与氧化铝、碳化硅的热膨胀系数匹配，不会在烧制过程中出现开裂、翘曲和表面缺陷的问题。硬脂酸钙作为润滑剂，在长时间使用中会分解，且吸收部分水分发生硬化，能够增加膜材料的抗腐蚀性能。以上措施让本发明制备的乳化膜具有机械强度高、孔隙率大、耐酸碱、耐高温、抗氧化、高耐腐蚀性且表面光滑的特点，适合作为制备油包水型油包水乳液的介质。
(3)通过疏水化改性，在制备油包水型乳液时，水透过膜进入到连续相时不会在膜管表面铺展开，可以有效地防止乳液聚并发生，此外本发明制备的多孔乳化膜拥有大孔通道和多个小孔通道，稳定性高、通道阻力小。
附图说明
图1为本发明的多通道油包水型乳化膜的多孔管式载体的扫描电镜照片；
图2为本发明的多通道油包水型乳化膜的扫描电镜照片；
图3为本发明的多通道油包水型乳化膜的样品照片。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明作进一步的详细说明，以使本领域技术人员能够充分理解本发明的技术内容。应理解，以下实施例用于对本发明进行进一步说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制，本领域的技术人员根据本发明的上述内容作出的一些非本质的改进和调整均属于本发明的保护范围。下述示例具体的工艺参数等也仅是合适范围中的一个示例，即本领域技术人员可以通过本文的说明做合适的范围内选择，而并非要限定于下文示例的具体数值。
商用的氧化铝膜材料在重油体系中容易造成膜污染，进而通量下降。碳化硅材料由于其优异的化学稳定性、水热稳定性和耐污垢性，适用于苛刻的环境，例如高温以及与腐蚀性化学物质的接触，成为一种有前途的膜材料。此外，碳化硅表面会吸附水中的阴离子，带上负电荷，与带有负电荷的有机物相斥，可改善膜污染。但是，碳化硅是一种强共价键化合物，纯的碳化硅的烧结温度很高，通常在2100℃以上，这种高温烧结导致膜制造成本的大量增加。在烧结过程中，碳化硅表面发生氧化生成一层保护膜，抗氧化能力低。用于制备膜载体粉末较昂贵，这进一步增加了膜的总成本。因此，通过本发明的低温烧结工序来制备具有经济性的油包水型乳化膜；其粉煤灰是火力发电厂中原煤燃烧产生的副产物，粉煤灰中的主要成分是Al2O3和SiO2，非常适合制备乳化膜，进一步降低乳化膜的总成本。
本发明提供的一种多通道油包水型乳化膜，主要用料为粉煤灰和碳化硅粉体，且由以下质量百分比的原料组成：粉煤灰30～60wt％，碳化硅粉体10～50wt％，造孔剂5～10wt％，黏合剂0.5～5wt％，润滑剂0.1～2wt％，烧结助剂5～10wt％，分散剂0.5～3wt％，余量为溶剂；该油包水型乳化膜还包括涂覆在乳化膜表面的疏水改性剂，疏水改性剂按体积百分数为：将10％～20％的有机聚合物溶解于50％～80％的正庚烷溶液中，加入3％～10％的正硅酸乙酯和0.5％～2％的二月桂酸二丁基锡，室温搅拌均匀制成疏水改性剂。
为了得到本发明的多通道油包水型乳化膜，还提供该多通道油包水型乳化膜的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1混料处理，选择粉煤灰和的碳化硅粉体进行混合搅拌，加入造孔剂、黏合剂、润滑剂、烧结助剂、分散剂和溶剂混合均匀，加入到球型研磨机中进行研磨1～12h，制备成粒子分散均匀和流延性好的泥料；
该粉煤灰主要成分为二氧化硅和三氧化二铝，二氧化硅和三氧化二铝总含量大于70％；粉煤灰平均粒径为0.5～5微米；碳化硅粉体为平均粒径0.2～5微米的α-SiC和平均粒径0.1～0.5微米的β-SiC组成，α-SiC质量占比为50％～90％；造孔剂选自淀粉、碳粉、碳酸氢铵、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球的一种或多种组合；黏合剂选自聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚乙二醇、羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种组合；润滑剂为水溶性润滑剂和醇溶性润滑剂的混合，水溶性润滑剂选自甘油、石蜡的一种或两种组合；醇溶性润滑剂为硬脂酸钙和桐油的一种或两种组合；烧结助剂由以下质量百分比的原料组成：莫来石35～50wt％，氢氧化镁10～20wt％，碳酸钡5～10wt％，酚醛树脂5～15wt％，炭黑5～15wt％，碳化硼(B4C)1～5wt％；分散剂选自聚丙烯酸、聚甲基丙烯酸铵、一异丙醇胺、多聚磷酸、硬脂酸钾和氢氧化四甲基铵中的一种或多种组合；溶剂选自水和乙醇中的一种或两种混合。
S2制作膜湿胚体，将步骤S1得到的泥料进入捏合练泥一体机，经2～5h练泥处理后利用真空挤出机加工成为多通道管式膜湿胚体，在70～110℃下干燥1～3h，最后高温烧结，制备得到多孔管式载体；
S3多孔管式载体涂覆，按体积分数将10％～20％的有机聚合物溶解于50％～80％的正庚烷溶液中，加入3％～10％正硅酸乙酯和0.5％～2％的二月桂酸二丁基锡，室温搅拌均匀制成疏水改性剂；有机聚合物选自乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、六甲基二硅胺烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷的一种或多种组合。
S4油包水型乳化膜处理，将疏水改性剂灌注到多孔管式载体的内部以获得涂覆的多孔管式载体，然后干燥18～32h，重复2-4次；并烧制涂覆的多孔载体以获得乳化膜。烧制步骤：维持升温速度在0.5℃/min-4.5℃/min之间，并在90℃～180℃时保温0.5～2h，最终升温至220～500℃保温1～2h，然后自然冷却至室温。
通过上述步骤所得的油包水型乳化膜(如图1所示，载体的组成材料粒径不同，具有很多孔道，孔隙率大，有助于射流乳化过程中分散剂通过。如图2所示该乳化膜的扫描电镜照片，很多细小的孔道分布在其中，分散剂能够从这些细小孔道通过，形成液滴粒径为500nm～1500nm)，其多孔管式膜内部沿着轴线方向设有大孔通道和多个小孔通道，大孔通道位于多孔管式膜内中间处，多个小孔通道围绕所述大孔通道外侧均匀排布；最外层的小孔圆形流道与膜外表面之间的壁厚为1.5～3.5mm(如图3所示该乳化膜的样品照片)。
实施例1
本发明的多通道油包水型乳化膜的制备方法，以制备100kg的油包水型乳化膜的具体实施方案如下：
(1)选择粒径为0.5微米粉煤灰40kg和30kg碳化硅粉体进行混合搅拌，其中碳化硅粉体为平均粒径0.2微米的α-SiC和平均粒径0.1微米的β-SiC的组合，其中α-SiC质量占比50％(即15kg)；加入5kg造孔剂淀粉，黏合剂2kg聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和聚乙二醇，润滑剂1kg硬脂酸钙和甘油的组合，烧结助剂8kg(其中烧结助剂由质量为5kg莫来石、1.5kg氢氧化镁、1kg碳酸钡、1kg酚醛树脂、1kg炭黑和0.5kg的B4C组成)，分散剂一异丙醇胺2kg和溶剂乙醇12kg混合均匀，加入到球型研磨机中进行研磨12h，制备成粒子分散均匀和流延性好的泥料；
(2)将第(1)步得到的泥料进入捏合练泥一体机，经3.5h练泥处理后利用真空挤出机加工成为多通道管式膜湿胚体，在100℃下干燥2.5h，最后高温烧结，制备得到多孔管式载体；
(3)按体积分数配制100L疏水改性剂，先将10L的有机聚合物乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷溶解于80L的正庚烷溶液中，加入8L正硅酸乙酯和2L的二月桂酸二丁基锡，室温搅拌均匀制成疏水改性剂；
(4)将疏水改性剂灌注到多孔管式载体的内部以获得涂覆的多孔管式载体，然后干燥18h，重复4次；并烧制涂覆的多孔载体以获得乳化膜。烧制步骤：维持升温速度在0.5℃/min-4.5℃/min之间，并在130℃时保温1.5h，最终升温至450℃保温1.5h，然后自然冷却至室温。
本发明制备的多孔管式膜内部沿着轴线方向设有大孔通道和多个小孔通道，大孔通道位于多孔管式膜内中间处，多个小孔通道围绕所述大孔通道外侧均匀排布。最外层的小孔圆形流道与膜外表面之间的壁厚为1.5mm。
实施例2
本发明的多通道油包水型乳化膜的制备方法，以制备100kg的油包水型乳化膜的具体实施方案如下：
(1)选择粒径为3.5微米粉煤灰30kg和40kg碳化硅粉体进行混合搅拌，其中碳化硅粉体为平均粒径0.5微米的α-SiC和平均粒径1.5微米的β-SiC的组合，其中α-SiC质量占比70％(即28kg)；加入8kg造孔剂淀粉，黏合剂4kg聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和聚乙二醇，润滑剂2kg硬脂酸钙和甘油的组合，烧结助剂10kg(其中烧结助剂由质量为3.5kg莫来石、2kg氢氧化镁、0.8kg碳酸钡、0.8kg酚醛树脂、1.4kg炭黑和1.5kg的B4C组成)，分散剂一异丙醇胺2kg和溶剂乙醇4kg混合均匀，加入到球型研磨机中进行研磨7.5h，制备成粒子分散均匀和流延性好的泥料；
(2)将第(1)步得到的泥料进入捏合练泥一体机，经2.5h练泥处理后利用真空挤出机加工成为多通道管式膜湿胚体，在90℃下干燥3h，最后高温烧结，制备得到多孔管式载体；
(3)按体积分数配制100L疏水改性剂，先将15L的有机聚合物乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷溶解于75L的正庚烷溶液中，加入8.5L正硅酸乙酯和1.5L的二月桂酸二丁基锡，室温搅拌均匀制成疏水改性剂；
(4)将疏水改性剂灌注到多孔管式载体的内部以获得涂覆的多孔管式载体，然后干燥18h，重复3次；并烧制涂覆的多孔载体以获得乳化膜。烧制步骤：维持升温速度在0.5℃/min-4.5℃/min之间，并在110℃时保温1h，最终升温至500℃保温1h，然后自然冷却至室温。
本发明制备的多孔管式膜内部沿着轴线方向设有大孔通道和多个小孔通道，大孔通道位于多孔管式膜内中间处，多个小孔通道围绕所述大孔通道外侧均匀排布。最外层的小孔圆形流道与膜外表面之间的壁厚为3.5mm。
实施例3
本发明的多通道油包水型乳化膜的制备方法，以制备100kg的油包水型乳化膜的具体实施方案如下：
(1)选择粒径为1.5微米粉煤灰35kg和35kg碳化硅粉体进行混合搅拌，其中碳化硅粉体为平均粒径0.25微米的α-SiC和平均粒径1微米的β-SiC的组合，其中α-SiC质量占比80％(即20kg)；加入10kg造孔剂淀粉，黏合剂4kg聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和聚乙二醇，润滑剂1kg硬脂酸钙和甘油的组合，烧结助剂6kg(其中烧结助剂由质量为3.5kg莫来石、2kg氢氧化镁、0.8kg碳酸钡、0.8kg酚醛树脂、1.4kg炭黑和1.5kg的B4C组成)，分散剂一异丙醇胺3kg和溶剂乙醇6kg混合均匀，加入到球型研磨机中进行研磨7.5h，制备成粒子分散均匀和流延性好的泥料；
(2)将第(1)步得到的泥料进入捏合练泥一体机，经5h练泥处理后利用真空挤出机加工成为多通道管式膜湿胚体，在70℃下干燥3h，最后高温烧结，制备得到多孔管式载体；
(3)按体积分数配制100L疏水改性剂，先将20L的有机聚合物乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷溶解于70L的正庚烷溶液中，加入9L正硅酸乙酯和1L的二月桂酸二丁基锡，室温搅拌均匀制成疏水改性剂；
(4)将疏水改性剂灌注到多孔管式载体的内部以获得涂覆的多孔管式载体，然后干燥18h，重复3次；并烧制涂覆的多孔载体以获得乳化膜。烧制步骤：维持升温速度在0.5℃/min-4.5℃/min之间，并在160℃时保温1.5h，最终升温至480℃保温1h，然后自然冷却至室温。
本发明制备的多孔管式膜内部沿着轴线方向设有大孔通道和多个小孔通道，大孔通道位于多孔管式膜内中间处，多个小孔通道围绕所述大孔通道外侧均匀排布。最外层的小孔圆形流道与膜外表面之间的壁厚为2.5mm。
需要指出的是，上述较佳实施例仅为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种多通道油包水型乳化膜，其特征在于：所述油包水型乳化膜主要用料为粉煤灰和碳化硅粉体，由以下质量百分比的原料组成，粉煤灰30～60wt％，碳化硅粉体10～50wt％，造孔剂5～10wt％，黏合剂0.5～5wt％，润滑剂0.1～2wt％，烧结助剂5～10wt％，分散剂0.5～3wt％，余量为溶剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述多通道油包水型乳化膜，其特征在于：所述油包水型乳化膜还包括涂覆在乳化膜表面的疏水改性剂，所述疏水改性剂按体积百分数为：将10％～20％的有机聚合物溶解于50％～80％的正庚烷溶液中，加入3％～10％的正硅酸乙酯和0.5％～2％的二月桂酸二丁基锡，室温搅拌均匀制成所述疏水改性剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述多通道油包水型乳化膜，其特征在于：所述造孔剂选自淀粉、碳粉、碳酸氢铵、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球的一种或多种组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述多通道油包水型乳化膜，其特征在于：所述黏合剂选自聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚乙二醇、羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述多通道油包水型乳化膜，其特征在于：所述润滑剂为水溶性润滑剂和醇溶性润滑剂的混合，所述水溶性润滑剂选自甘油、石蜡的一种或两种组合；所述醇溶性润滑剂为硬脂酸钙和桐油的一种或两种组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述多通道油包水型乳化膜，其特征在于：所述烧结助剂由以下质量百分比的原料组成：莫来石35～50wt％，氢氧化镁10～20wt％，碳酸钡5～10wt％，酚醛树脂5～15wt％，炭黑5～15wt％，碳化硼1～5wt％。
7.根据权利要求1所述多通道油包水型乳化膜，其特征在于：所述分散剂选自聚丙烯酸、聚甲基丙烯酸铵、一异丙醇胺、多聚磷酸、硬脂酸钾和氢氧化四甲基铵中的一种或多种组合。
8.根据权利要求1～7任一项所述多通道油包水型乳化膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1混料处理，将所述粉煤灰和碳化硅粉体进行混合搅拌，加入造孔剂、黏合剂、润滑剂、烧结助剂、分散剂和溶剂混合均匀，加入到球型研磨机中进行研磨1～12h，制备成粒子分散均匀和流延性好的泥料；
S2制作膜湿胚体，将步骤S1得到所述泥料进入捏合练泥一体机，经2～5h练泥处理后利用真空挤出机挤出成为多通道管式膜湿胚体，在70～110℃下干燥1～3h后，将所述膜湿胚体进行第一次高温烧结得到多孔管式载体；
S3多孔管式载体涂覆，按体积分数将10％～20％的有机聚合物溶解于50％～80％的正庚烷溶液中，加入3％～10％正硅酸乙酯和0.5％～2％的二月桂酸二丁基锡，室温搅拌均匀制成疏水改性剂；将所述疏水改性剂灌注到步骤S2所述多孔管式载体的内部以获得涂覆多孔管式载体，然后将所述涂覆多孔管式载体干燥18～32h，重复2-4次；
S4油包水型乳化膜处理，将干燥后的所述涂覆多孔管式载体进行第二次高温烧结以获得油包水型乳化膜。
9.根据权利要求8所述多通道油包水型乳化膜的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤S2所述第一次高温烧结参数如下：以升温速率为5～25℃/min到250℃；以升温速率为25～60℃/min从250℃到450℃；以升温速率为5～10℃/min从450℃到650℃，并保温1～3h；以升温速率为20～50℃/min从650℃～1100℃；最终升温至1100～1300℃，保温1～2h；最后自然冷却至室温。
10.根据权利要求8所述多通道油包水型乳化膜的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤S4第二次高温烧结参数如下：维持升温速度在0.5℃/min-4.5℃/min之间，并在90℃～180℃时保温0.5～2h；最终升温至220～500℃保温1～2h；最后自然冷却至室温。
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