CN113276512B - 可回收蒸煮袋及其可回收蒸煮聚酯膜 - Google Patents
可回收蒸煮袋及其可回收蒸煮聚酯膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种可回收蒸煮袋及其可回收蒸煮聚酯膜。可回收蒸煮聚酯膜包括一热封层以及至少一聚酯层。热封层是由间苯二甲酸、新戊二醇、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、1,4‑环己烷二甲醇以及聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯‑1,4‑环己烷二甲醇酯所形成。至少一聚酯层形成于所述热封层上,且至少一聚酯层是由一聚酯组合物所形成。聚酯组合物包含一聚酯树脂,其可选用PET瓶片回收,利用物理法、化学法制成聚酯树脂,其具有一介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间的固有黏度。可回收蒸煮袋是由可回收蒸煮聚酯膜所制成的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种蒸煮袋,特别是涉及一种可回收蒸煮袋及其可回收蒸煮聚酯膜。
背景技术
蒸煮袋,又被称为「软罐头」,是一种可以进行加热处理的塑胶薄膜袋,其同时具有耐沸水塑胶袋与罐头容器两大优点,为理想的包装容器。依据消毒等级可将蒸煮袋分为三类:(1)121℃高温蒸煮(约40至60分钟);(2)135℃高温蒸煮(约20分钟);(3)145℃超高温短时间蒸煮(约2至5分钟)。
在现有技术中,一般高温蒸煮袋为复合层,其基本结构由外而内依序为:表面层、中间层、热封层,将不同的基材以胶黏剂贴合所构成。其中,表面层的基材需要具备良好的支撑度、耐热性以及印刷性;中间层的基材则考虑遮光性、阻隔性以及双面复合性;热封层主要选用具备耐热性、耐化学性、耐穿刺性以及低吸附性的基材。
常用的蒸煮袋双层结构为:聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)/聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)、PET/流延聚丙烯(cast polypropylene,CPP)或双向拉伸尼龙(biaxially oriented polyamide,BOPA)/CPP。常用的蒸煮袋三层结构为:PET/铝箔(aluminum foil,AL)/CPP、BOPA/AL/CPP、PET/BOPA/CPP等。
由于蒸煮袋是由多层不同基材贴合而成,制作过程非常复杂,胶黏剂的选用不当、用量不当或是复合辊具有贴合误差、压力或温度不足,都有可能会造成蒸煮袋容易起泡、起皱、变形等生产瑕疵;此外,蒸煮袋的复合贴合膜层也容易造层蒸煮袋在蒸煮后脱层剥离或破袋,更无法被回收再利用,进而造成塑胶污染。
故,如何通过结构配方的改良,简化蒸煮袋的制备步骤、降低蒸煮袋破袋机率以及让蒸煮袋可回收再利用,来克服上述的缺陷,已成为该项事业所欲解决的重要课题之一。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,针对现有技术的不足提供一种可回收蒸煮袋及其可回收蒸煮聚酯膜。
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的其中一技术方案是,提供一种可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,其包括一热封层以及至少一聚酯层。所述热封层是由间苯二甲酸、新戊二醇、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、1,4-环己烷二甲醇以及聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯所形成;至少一所述聚酯层形成于所述热封层上,且至少一所述聚酯层是由一聚酯组合物所形成;其中,所述聚酯树脂包含PET瓶片回收后,利用物理法、化学法物理法所制成的聚酯树脂,且所述聚酯树脂具有一介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间的固有黏度。在本发明的一实施例中,所述聚酯组合物还进一步包含一抗氧化成分、一晶核剂以及一流动助剂。
更进一步地,以所述聚酯组合物的总重为基准,其包含95重量百分比至99重量百分比的所述聚酯树脂;0.5重量百分比至2重量百分比的所述抗氧化成分;0.5重量百分比至2重量百分比的所述晶核剂;以及0.1重量百分比至0.5重量百分比的所述流动助剂。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述抗氧化成分包含50重量百分比至60重量百分比的一级抗氧化剂以及40重量百分比至50重量百分比的二级抗氧化剂。
更进一步地,所述可回收蒸煮聚酯膜还进一步包括一印刷层,其形成于至少一所述聚酯层上,且所述印刷层是由水性聚酯树脂、水性聚氨酯树脂、水性压克力树脂中的其中一种或两种以上,以及硬化剂所形成。
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的另外一技术方案是,提供一种可回收蒸煮袋,其是所述可回收蒸煮聚酯膜所制成。
本发明的其中一有益效果在于,本发明所提供的可回收蒸煮袋及其可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,其能通过“所述热封层是由间苯二甲酸、新戊二醇、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、1,4-环己烷二甲醇以及聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯所形成”以及“至少一所述聚酯层是由一聚酯组合物所形成;所述聚酯树脂包含PET瓶片回收后,利用物理法、化学法物理法所制成的聚酯树脂,且所述聚酯树脂具有一介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间的固有黏度的技术方案,让可回收蒸煮聚酯膜的材料都是由聚酯材料所形成的,具有良好的热封性以及耐高温蒸煮性,同时不需要使用胶黏剂贴合,可避免脱层的情况发生,更可以被回收再利用。
为使能更进一步了解本发明的特征及技术内容,请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图,然而所提供的附图仅用于提供参考与说明,并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
图1为本发明第一实施例的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜的其中一态样的剖面示意图。
图2为本发明第一实施例的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜的另外一态样的剖面示意图。
图3为本发明第二实施例的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
由于现有技术的蒸煮袋是由不同基材通过胶黏剂贴合而成,具有工艺性复杂、无法被回收以及容易脱层破袋等问题。因此,本发明提供了一种使用聚酯材料共挤多层膜作为蒸煮膜,不需使用胶黏剂贴合,加工简便又可以回收再利用的技术方案。
以下是通过特定的具体实施例来说明本发明所公开有关“环保型聚酯膜及其环保型聚酯组合物”的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所公开的内容了解本发明的优点与效果。本发明可通过其他不同的具体实施例加以施行或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可基于不同观点与应用,在不悖离本发明的构思下进行各种修改与变更。另外,本发明的附图仅为简单示意说明,并非依实际尺寸的描绘,事先声明。以下的实施方式将进一步详细说明本发明的相关技术内容,但所公开的内容并非用以限制本发明的保护范围。
应当可以理解的是,本文中所使用的术语“或”,应视实际情况可能包括相关联的列出项目中的任一个或者多个的组合。
除非另外定义,否则本文中使用的所有技术及科学术语,都具有与本领域技术人员通常所理解含义相同的含义。当术语以单数形式出现时,涵盖此术语的复数形式。
除非另有指示,否则本文中提到的所有百分比都为重量百分比。当提供一系列上、下限范围时,涵盖所提到的范围的所有组合,如同明确列出各组合。
[第一实施例]
参阅图1及图2所示,本发明第一实施例提供一种可回收蒸煮聚酯膜F,其包括一热封层10以及至少一聚酯层20,至少一聚酯层20形成于热封层10上。热封层10是由间苯二甲酸、新戊二醇、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、1,4-环己烷二甲醇以及聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯所形成。进一步而言,添加聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯作为热封层10可以让熔点降低,进而达到良好的热封效果。聚酯层20可以是一层(如图1所示),或两层(如图2所示)或多层;聚酯层20是由一聚酯组合物所组成,聚酯组合物至少包含聚酯树脂,其可选用PET瓶片回收,利用物理法、化学法物理法制成聚酯树脂,其具有一介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间的固有黏度,其包括所述物理性回收聚酯树脂以及所述化学性回收聚酯树脂;其中,所述化学性回收聚酯树脂的重量比例为大于或等于5wt%。
进一步而言,聚酯树脂可以是由一种或以上的二羧酸单元以及一种或以上的二元醇单元所形成。二羧酸单元的具体例包括:间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、环己烷二羧、萘二羧酸或其任意组合。二元醇单元的具体例包括:甲二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、乙二醇、偕乙二醇、丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、2,2-丙二醇、丁二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,1-丁二醇、2,2-丁二醇、异丁二醇、1,2-异丁二醇、1,3-异丁二醇、1,1-异丁二醇、戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,5-戊二醇、己二醇、2,3-二甲基-2,3-丁二醇、2,5-二甲基-2,5-己二醇、二甘醇或其任意组合。
在一些实施例中,聚酯树脂可以是经过固态聚合处理的聚酯颗粒。聚酯树脂可以是选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PPT)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇脂(PEN)、聚萘二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBN)、聚对苯二甲酸环己烷二甲醇酯(PCT)、聚碳酸酯(PC)或聚芳酯;优选的聚酯树脂为PET,最佳为PET瓶片回收。聚酯树脂的固有黏度(intrinsic viscosity,IV)可介于0.62分升/克至1.0/克之间,优选为介于0.65分升/克至0.75分升/克之间,如此能减少聚酯树脂于成型时受到的负荷(如环境负荷、外力负荷等),并且能减少剪切加工所产生的热量,而避免聚酯树脂发生热分解。
于本实施例中,聚酯层20中的聚酯组合物包含95重量百分比至99重量百分比的聚酯树脂;0.5重量百分比至2重量百分比的抗氧化成分;0.5重量百分比至2重量百分比的晶核剂;以及0.1重量百分比至0.5重量百分比的流动助剂。值得一提的是,聚酯组合物的配方可以提升双向延伸薄膜的结晶配向度。
抗氧化剂成分包括50重量百分比至60重量百分比的一级抗氧化剂及40重量百分比至50重量百分比的二级抗氧化剂;值得一提的是,一级抗氧化剂与二级抗氧化剂能很好地发挥协同作用,以提供更好的抗氧化效果。进一步而言,一级抗氧化剂能快速和过氧化自由基(peroxy radical,ROO·)发生反应,以终止自由基连锁反应;二级抗氧化剂能与氢过氧化物(ROOH)反应,将其转化为无自由基且无反应活性的产物。一级抗氧化剂可选自酚类化合物或胺类化合物,具体可举出商标名为Irganox 1010、Irganox 1425、Irganox 245、Anox 1315、Anox PP18、Anox 20、Lowinox 1790、Lowinox TBM-68及Naugard 445的市售品;二级抗氧化剂可选自亚磷类化合物或硫酯类化合物,具体可举出商标名为Sandostab P-EPQ、Irgafos 168及Naugard 412S的市售品。
晶核剂能提高聚酯膜的耐热性;此外,晶核剂能促进结晶成长,使结晶大小微细化;晶核剂可为矿物材料、金属氧化物、硅化合物、有机酸或无机酸的金属盐、芳香族磷酸酯金属盐、多元醇衍生物、磺酰亚胺化合物、玻璃粉末、金属粉末或其任意组合。矿物材料的具体例包括:石墨、滑石及高岭土;金属氧化物的具体例包括:氧化锌、氧化铝及氧化镁;硅化合物的具体例包括:氧化硅、硅酸钙及硅酸镁;有机酸或无机酸的金属盐的具体例包括:碳酸镁、碳酸钙、碳酸钠、碳酸钾等碳酸金属盐、硫酸钡、硫酸钙、苯甲酸钠及对叔丁基苯甲酸铝;磷酸酯金属盐可举出芳香族磷酸酯金属盐;多元醇衍生物可举出二亚苄基山梨醇;考虑耐热性,优选的晶核剂为无机材料。
流动助剂能改善聚酯膜的透明度和表面光泽度;流动助剂可为季戊四醇硬脂酸酯(PETS)或其类似物,其在高温下具有良好的热稳定性、低挥发性和好的脱模和流动性能,且对部分结晶的聚酯有很好的成核作用。
[第二实施例]
参阅图3所示,本发明第二实施例提供一种可回收蒸煮聚酯膜F’,其包括一热封层10、至少一聚酯层20以及一印刷层30;于本实施例中,聚酯层20的数量为一层,其形成于热封层10上;印刷层30形成于聚酯层20上,且印刷层是由水性聚酯树脂、水性聚氨酯树脂、水性压克力树脂中的其中一种或两种以上,以及硬化剂所形成。其中,热封层10和聚酯层20的材质同本发明第一实施例所述,于此不再赘述。
进一步而言,印刷层30的表面可以进行电晕处理,借以达到易接着油墨的效果以及良好的印刷质量。
可回收蒸煮聚酯膜的具体制备方法可以是将经过固态聚合处理过的热封层、聚酯层(以及印刷层)的母料分别加入不同的双螺杆挤出机,并分别调整挤出机温度至母料熔融,举例而言,母料可以是包括聚酯成分、抗氧化成分、晶核剂、流动助剂等,经过混练、酯化反应熔融冷却和造粒后所得到的;母料经过熔融、过滤后,以共挤多层膜方式制成迭层片,在经过横向延伸加工与纵向延伸加工,形成可回收蒸煮聚酯膜。然而,上述所举的例子只是其中一可行的实施例而并非用以限定本发明。
本发明另外提供一种可回收蒸煮袋,其是由本发明的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜所制成的,可用于食品包装。
[耐蒸煮试验]
由可回收蒸煮聚酯膜所制成的可回收蒸煮袋具有耐高温蒸煮的效果。可回收蒸煮袋在121℃水中蒸煮30分钟,或在135℃水中蒸煮15分钟后,其表面不变形、不起皱、层与层之间不脱层分离。
[实施例的有益效果]
本发明的其中一有益效果在于,本发明所提供的可回收蒸煮袋及其可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,其能通过“所述热封层是由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯所形成”以及“至少一所述聚酯层是由一聚酯组合物所形成;其中所述聚酯组合物包含一聚酯树脂,所述聚酯树脂包含PET瓶片回收后,利用物理法、化学法物理法所制成的聚酯树脂,且所述聚酯树脂具有一介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间的固有黏度的技术方案,让可回收蒸煮聚酯膜的各层材料都是由聚酯材料所形成的,具有良好的热封性以及耐高温蒸煮性,同时不需要使用胶黏剂贴合,可避免脱层的情况发生,更可以被回收再利用。
进一步而言,本发明的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,是以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯取代CPP作为热封层,其具有良好的热稳定性、耐水蒸煮性以及热封性,且其热封强度于180度热封时性能与CPP相当;聚酯层具有一介于0.62分升/克至0.80分升/克之间的固有黏度,其不需要使用胶黏剂即可以有效黏合热封层,不易脱层,使得工艺制程简单。此外,印刷层上的表面经过电晕处理,可以有效增加印刷上色效果。
以上所公开的内容仅为本发明的优选可行实施例,并非因此局限本发明的权利要求书的保护范围,所以凡是运用本发明说明书及附图内容所做的等效技术变化,均包含于本发明的权利要求书的保护范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述可回收蒸煮聚酯膜包括:
一热封层,其材料是由间苯二甲酸、新戊二醇、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、1,4-环己烷二甲醇以及聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯经固态聚合所形成;以及
至少一聚酯层,其形成于所述热封层上,且至少一所述聚酯层是由一聚酯组合物所形成;
其中,所述聚酯组合物包含一聚酯树脂,所述聚酯树脂包含PET瓶片回收后,利用物理法、化学法物理法所制成的聚酯树脂,且所述聚酯树脂具有一介于0.65分升/克至0.75分升/克之间的固有黏度;
其中,所述热封层与所述聚酯层间不需使用胶黏剂贴合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述聚酯组合物还进一步包含一抗氧化成分、一晶核剂以及一流动助剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,其特征在于,以所述聚酯组合物的总重为基准,其包含95重量百分比至99重量百分比的所述聚酯树脂;0.5重量百分比至2重量百分比的所述抗氧化成分;0.5重量百分比至2重量百分比的所述晶核剂;以及0.1重量百分比至0.5重量百分比的所述流动助剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述抗氧化成分包含50重量百分比至60重量百分比的一级抗氧化剂以及40重量百分比至50重量百分比的二级抗氧化剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述可回收蒸煮聚酯膜还进一步包括一印刷层,其形成于至少一所述聚酯层上,且所述印刷层是由水性聚酯树脂、水性聚氨酯树脂、水性压克力树脂中的其中一种或两种以上,以及硬化剂所形成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述印刷层的表面经过电晕处理。
7.一种可回收蒸煮袋,其特征在于,所述可回收蒸煮袋是由如权利要求1至6任一项所述的可回收蒸煮聚酯膜所制成。
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