CN113263800A - 一种新型驾舱制热系统 - Google Patents

一种新型驾舱制热系统 Download PDF

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CN113263800A
CN113263800A CN202110584397.3A CN202110584397A CN113263800A CN 113263800 A CN113263800 A CN 113263800A CN 202110584397 A CN202110584397 A CN 202110584397A CN 113263800 A CN113263800 A CN 113263800A
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carpet
heating
layer
glass
electric heating
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王星皓
李彦奇
龚晓琴
张楠
周凯
高士龙
田鋆
张云轩
娄凌宇
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FAW Bestune Car Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于汽车技术领域，具体的说是一种新型驾舱制热系统。包括电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃和石墨烯加热地毯，所述电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃由汽车用浮法玻璃，PVB胶片及电加热钨丝构成，将直径0.018～0.033mm的钨丝布在PVB膜片上，将玻璃放入合片机上，放入布满钨丝的PVB薄膜，放下上片玻璃压制而成。所述石墨烯加热地毯，其为复合结构，包含地毯防尘隔音层、石墨烯加热层和主地毯层；所述地毯防尘隔音层位于汽车地毯最底层，所述石墨烯加热层位于地毯防尘隔音层和主地毯层之间，所述主地毯层位于汽车地毯最上层，与空气直接接触。本发明能低功耗解决纯电动汽车寒冷天气车内制热及前风挡前侧窗除霜除雾问题的系统。

Description

一种新型驾舱制热系统
技术领域
本发明属于汽车技术领域，具体的说是一种新型驾舱制热系统。
背景技术
随着汽车新四化不断深入，新能源汽车不断普及发展，我国新能源汽车保有量不断上升。然而新能源汽车与燃油汽车相比优点很明显，但它的缺点也一样的明显。
新能源汽车无法跑长途对于它来说就是最大的硬伤。而且就算新车的续航里程可以满足车主日常行驶，可是经过汽车的不断使用，续航里程将会不断降低，甚至只有以前续航里程的一半。
更严峻的问题是新能源汽车冬季车内取暖问题。摒弃了传统内燃机和水箱，在低温条件下电动汽车内部取暖和挡风玻璃除霜所需要的热源问题，以及动力电池的热管理系统，都需要一个新的热源。目前比较主流的热源为水暖PTC空调，当前水暖PTC空调功率为6～9kW。
综上所述，如何低功耗解决纯电动汽车寒冷天气车内制热及前风挡前侧窗除霜除雾是本领域急需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种新型驾舱制热系统，该制热系统制热速度更快，且电热能用于加热玻璃的比例更高，功效更低，解决了如何低功耗解决纯电动汽车寒冷天气车内制热及前风挡前侧窗除霜除雾的问题。
本发明技术方案结合附图说明如下：
一种新型机舱制热系统，用于纯电动汽车车内制热，包括机舱本体，还包括电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃和石墨烯加热地毯；所述电加热前风挡玻璃和电加热三角区侧窗玻璃由汽车用浮法玻璃、PVB胶片及电加热钨丝组成；所述石墨烯加热地毯由主地毯层、地毯防尘隔音层和石墨烯加热层组成。
所述电加热前风挡玻璃的制备方法为：将直径0.018mm～0.033mm的电加热钨丝布在PVB胶片上，将汽车用浮法玻璃放入合片机上，放入布满电加热钨丝的PVB薄膜，放下上片玻璃压制而成。
所述电加热三角区侧窗玻璃的制备方法为：将直径0.018mm～0.033mm的电加热钨丝布在PVB胶片上，将汽车用浮法玻璃放入合片机上，放入布满电加热钨丝的PVB薄膜，放下上片玻璃压制而成。
所述地毯防尘隔音层位于石墨烯加热地毯的最底层；所述石墨烯加热层位于地毯防尘隔音层和主地毯层之间；所述主地毯层位于石墨烯加热地毯的最上层，与空气直接接触。
所述地毯防尘隔音层由背面隔音毛毡块和防尘膜构成。
所述石墨烯加热层由防水保护膜、石墨烯加热膜和反射膜组成。
所述主地毯层由PET针刺毯坯、PE层和PET毛毡层在模具中压合成型。
本发明的有益效果为：
1)电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃使用极细电加热钨丝集成在PVB膜片进而压制在玻璃中间的方式，通电后可实现玻璃内部主动加热，相比于传统暖风烘热速度更快，且电热能用于加热玻璃的比例更高，功耗更低；
2)石墨烯加热地毯中在原有地毯基础上加入的石墨烯加热层通电后释放的远红外线，与太阳光相同，与人体接触之后，人体吸收远红外线后内部分子和原子“共振”产生热能，以达到加热的目的，是一种辐射传热的过程。同时远红外线还是一种对人体有益的光；
3)石墨烯加热地毯通过石墨烯将电能直接转换为热能，不用经过多次的热转换和热传递，电热转换效率高达99.7％，同时加热速率也非常高，超过市场上任何电热设备，可以降低能耗，节约能源。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例描述中所要使用的附图作简单的介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据本发明实施例的内容和这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明中石墨烯加热地毯的结构框图；
图2为本发明中电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃的结构框图。
图中：1、车用浮法玻璃上片；2、布满钨丝的PVB；3、车用浮法玻璃下片；4、地毯防尘隔音层；5、石墨烯加热层；6、主地毯层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种新型机舱制热系统，用于纯电动汽车车内制热，包括机舱本体，还包括电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃和石墨烯加热地毯；所述电加热前风挡玻璃和电加热三角区侧窗玻璃由汽车用浮法玻璃、PVB胶片及电加热钨丝组成；所述石墨烯加热地毯由主地毯层、地毯防尘隔音层和石墨烯加热层组成。
所述电加热前风挡玻璃的制备方法为：将直径0.018mm～0.033mm的电加热钨丝布在PVB胶片上，将汽车用浮法玻璃放入合片机上，放入布满电加热钨丝的PVB薄膜，放下上片玻璃压制而成。
所述电加热三角区侧窗玻璃的制备方法为：将直径0.018mm～0.033mm的电加热钨丝布在PVB胶片上，将汽车用浮法玻璃放入合片机上，放入布满电加热钨丝的PVB薄膜，放下上片玻璃压制而成。
所述地毯防尘隔音层位于石墨烯加热地毯的最底层；所述石墨烯加热层位于地毯防尘隔音层和主地毯层之间；所述主地毯层位于石墨烯加热地毯的最上层，与空气直接接触。
实施例
一种新型驾舱制热系统，包括电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃和石墨烯加热地毯。所述电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃结构如图1所示，所述电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃由车用浮法玻璃上片1、布满钨丝的PVB2和车用浮法玻璃下片3构成。
其中，所述的车用浮法玻璃上片1和车用浮法玻璃下片3结构类似，毛坯玻璃经过切大片、切割、磨边、洗涤干燥、喷粉、烘弯后制成夹层玻璃半成品，在经过清粉后即可置于合片机上准备与PVB压制合片。
其中，所述布满钨丝的PVB 2由PVB(聚乙烯醇缩丁醛)胶片集成直径0.018mm～0.033mm的钨丝构成，连接了电极的一整根钨丝在胶片内部均匀分布，电极在胶片侧面引出用以后续通电；之后将布满了钨丝的PVB均匀加热，同时拉伸成扇形，然后均匀冷却将PVB的弯形“冻结”成永久弯形。
所述电加热前风挡玻璃和电加热三角区侧窗玻璃,将车用浮法玻璃下片3放入合片机上，放入PVB薄膜，放下上片玻璃，并割去多余的PVB膜片边料。经过压辊方式或减压方式的初压之后，施以较大的均匀的压力和较高的可达到胶片软化所需的温度，使其在高压釜内加温加压，以彻底排除气体和使玻璃与PVB膜完全粘合，透明。压制完成的电加热前风挡玻璃和电加热三角区侧窗玻璃通电后，由于电热效应，钨丝会释放热量而逐渐对玻璃整体进行加热，用以快速除去玻璃上的霜和雾，保证驾驶视野，提高驾驶安全性。
所述石墨烯加热地毯结构如图2所示，其为复合结构，包含地毯防尘隔音层4、石墨烯加热层5和主地毯层6；所述地毯防尘隔音层4位于汽车地毯最底层，所述石墨烯加热层5位于地毯防尘隔音层4和主地毯层6之间，所述主地毯层6位于汽车地毯最上层，与空气直接接触；所述石墨烯加热层5由车辆控制器控制并由车载电源供电，通电后石墨烯加热层不断向汽车内部释放远红外线。
其中，所述的地毯防尘隔音层4由背面隔音毛毡块和防尘膜构成，同时有毛毡块和小毛毡等通过环保胶层叠粘贴在上面，其中隔音毛毡密度为(1400±100)g/㎡，防尘保护膜厚度为80μm，抗拉强度最小9N/15mm。
其中，所述石墨烯加热层5由防水保护膜、石墨烯加热层和反射膜层组成，其中石墨烯加热层导热系数30W/m.K，比热容为180J/(kg·℃)，厚度≤1㎜；防水保护膜和反射膜层莫氏硬度5H，耐压强度≤80Mpa，抗折强度≤4Mpa，粘结强度为8Mpa，且其耐温幅度长期≥600℃，短时耐温极限700℃。
其中，所述主地毯层6，由PET针刺毯坯、PE层和PET毛毡层在模具中压合成型，PET针刺毯坯抗拉强度≥200N/50mm，撕裂强度≥147N(纵向、横向)，尺寸变化率≤±2.0％(纵向、横向)，阻燃性≤100mm/min；PE层和PET毛毡层抗拉强度≥4.9kPa(纵向、横向)。
所述石墨烯加热层通电后，石墨烯中的碳分子在电阻中产生声子、离子和电子，由产生的碳分子团之间相互摩擦、碰撞(也称布朗运动)而产生热能，热能又通过控制远红外线以平面方式均匀地辐射出来，远红外线与太阳光相同，与人体接触之后，人体吸收远红外线后内部分子和原子“共振”产生热能，以达到加热的目的，是一种辐射传热的过程。同时远红外线还是一种对人体有益的光。
本发明代替传统PTC空调为纯电动车驾舱内部制热，使用石墨烯加热地垫通电加热的方式代替传统暖风空调，加热方式为共振制热，速度更快，效率更高，同时与家用地暖一样更贴合人体感受。使用电加热前风挡玻璃和电加热三角区侧窗玻璃为玻璃除霜除雾，与暖风空调相比效率更高，速度更快。
可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明，而非对本发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本发明相关的部分而非全部结构。
而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (7)

1.一种新型机舱制热系统，用于纯电动汽车车内制热，包括机舱本体，其特征在于，还包括电加热前风挡玻璃、电加热三角区侧窗玻璃和石墨烯加热地毯；所述电加热前风挡玻璃和电加热三角区侧窗玻璃由汽车用浮法玻璃、PVB胶片及电加热钨丝组成；所述石墨烯加热地毯由主地毯层、地毯防尘隔音层和石墨烯加热层组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型机舱制热系统，其特征在于，所述电加热前风挡玻璃的制备方法为：将直径0.018mm～0.033mm的电加热钨丝布在PVB胶片上，将汽车用浮法玻璃放入合片机上，放入布满电加热钨丝的PVB薄膜，放下上片玻璃压制而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型机舱制热系统，其特征在于，所述电加热三角区侧窗玻璃的制备方法为：将直径0.018mm～0.033mm的电加热钨丝布在PVB胶片上，将汽车用浮法玻璃放入合片机上，放入布满电加热钨丝的PVB薄膜，放下上片玻璃压制而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型机舱制热系统，其特征在于，所述地毯防尘隔音层位于石墨烯加热地毯的最底层；所述石墨烯加热层位于地毯防尘隔音层和主地毯层之间；所述主地毯层位于石墨烯加热地毯的最上层，与空气直接接触。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型机舱制热系统，其特征在于，所述地毯防尘隔音层由背面隔音毛毡块和防尘膜构成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型机舱制热系统，其特征在于，所述石墨烯加热层由防水保护膜、石墨烯加热膜和反射膜组成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型机舱制热系统，其特征在于，所述主地毯层由PET针刺毯坯、PE层和PET毛毡层在模具中压合成型。
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