CN113229105A - Radix pseudostellariae soilless culture medium and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Radix pseudostellariae soilless culture medium and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113229105A CN113229105A CN202110533896.XA CN202110533896A CN113229105A CN 113229105 A CN113229105 A CN 113229105A CN 202110533896 A CN202110533896 A CN 202110533896A CN 113229105 A CN113229105 A CN 113229105A
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- parts
- soilless culture
- radix pseudostellariae
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- sawdust
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of soilless culture, in particular to a radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the raw materials of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate comprise the following substances in parts by mass: 38-45 parts of sawdust, 10-20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 6-15 parts of vermiculite, 1-5 parts of EM bacterial liquid, 1-3 parts of polyglutamic acid crude extract, 1-5 parts of grape seed meal, 2-7 parts of peanut shell powder, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 1-6 parts of fishbone powder and 10-15 parts of bagasse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soilless culture, in particular to a heterophylly falsestarwort root soilless culture substrate and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Radix Pseudostellariae, the name of traditional Chinese medicine, is the dried root tuber of Pseudostellaria heterophylla of Caryophyllaceae, and is distributed in Liaoning, inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan and other places. Radix pseudostellariae has the effects of tonifying qi and spleen, promoting the production of body fluid and moistening lung, and is commonly used for spleen deficiency and tiredness, inappetence, weakness after illness, deficiency of qi and yin, spontaneous perspiration and daily thirst, and dry cough due to lung dryness.
The radix pseudostellariae is liked to grow in a warm and humid environment, is afraid of high temperature, and stops growing and developing at the temperature of more than 30 ℃; the sun-resistant agent is easy to wither and die in burning sun; is cold-resistant, can safely overwinter at-17 ℃, and can germinate and root at low temperature; the fertilizer grows well under the condition of the shade and the humidity, is fertile and loose, contains rich organic matter soil and grows well in sandy soil; low waterlogging land, clay soil, solid soil, poor drainage, and poor soil growth with less humus.
In the traditional radix pseudostellariae planting process, due to the fact that planting is carried out in successive years, continuous cropping obstacles are particularly large, the occurrence of soil-borne diseases is serious, due to the fact that chemical fertilizers are used for a long time, the soil texture structure is fundamentally changed, for example, the yield of the radix pseudostellariae and the content of active ingredients such as polysaccharide and saponin are seriously reduced due to the fact that soil fertility is reduced, hardening and the like, and further development of the radix pseudostellariae industry is severely restricted.
With the continuous upgrading of technical research and development, various soilless culture modes are adopted for cultivation on the basis of traditional planting, the current mode of soilless culture is mainly in the form of substrate cultivation, which means that soil is replaced by substrates to fix root systems of crops in the substrates, but the current cultivation substrates have the defect of poor fertilizer and water conservation effects, and need to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a soilless culture substrate for radix pseudostellariae, a preparation method and a use thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, the invention provides a radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
the invention also provides a preparation method of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing sawdust, cow dung, grape seed meal, peanut shell powder, humic acid, fishbone powder and bagasse to obtain a first mixture;
2) adding EM bacterial liquid into the first mixture, mixing, stacking and fermenting to obtain a second mixture after fermentation is finished;
3) and adding vermiculite and polyglutamic acid crude extract into the second mixture, and mixing to obtain the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate.
The invention also provides application of the soilless culture substrate for the radix pseudostellariae in the cultivation of the radix pseudostellariae.
The invention also provides a method for the soilless culture of the radix pseudostellariae, which comprises the following steps: and placing the radix pseudostellariae in the soilless culture substrate for planting.
As mentioned above, the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate, the preparation method and the application thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) various organic agricultural wastes are effectively utilized, wastes are changed into valuables, and meanwhile, the raw materials can be naturally degraded without polluting the environment;
(2) the soilless culture substrate is used for effectively solving continuous cropping obstacles, solving soil-borne diseases and insect pests and reducing the occurrence rate of natural disasters;
(3) the soilless culture substrate has extremely high organic matter content, extremely rich nutrient substances, good water and fertilizer retention effects and difficult loss of the nutrient substances, and the loose substrate can promote the growth of the adventitious roots of the radix pseudostellariae and improve the yield and the content of effective components such as polysaccharide and saponin of the radix pseudostellariae;
(4) the loose soilless culture substrate is beneficial to the harvesting work of the heterophylly falsestarwort root, and the time and labor cost are greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention firstly provides a radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
the sawdust is powder sawdust of trees scattered from the trees during the wood processing due to the sawing processing. The sawdust can be any wood-processing-derived sawdust, such as nanmu sawdust, pine sawdust, poplar sawdust or mahogany sawdust.
In a preferred embodiment, the sawdust is non-spoiled sawdust. Sieving sawdust, sun-drying in the sun for 2-3 days, spreading, sun-drying thoroughly, and storing.
In one embodiment, the sawdust is selected from any one of the following in parts by weight: 38-40 parts, 40-42 parts and 42-45 parts.
The livestock and poultry manure is selected from one or more of pig manure, cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure and duck manure.
In one embodiment, the parts by weight of the livestock manure are selected from any one of the following: 10-13 parts, 13-15 parts, 15-17 parts and 17-20 parts.
The vermiculite belongs to silicate, and the crystal structure of the vermiculite is monoclinic system. The vermiculite is selected from vermiculite flakes or expanded vermiculite.
In one embodiment, the weight parts of the vermiculite are selected from any one of: 6-8 parts, 8-10 parts, 10-12 parts and 12-15 parts.
The EM (effective microorganisms) bacterial liquid comprises one or more of bacillus, bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes, acetic acid bacteria, actinomycetes or photosynthetic bacteria.
In one embodiment, the effective viable count of the EM bacterial liquid is more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g.
In one embodiment, the EM bacterial liquid is selected from any one of the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts, 2-3 parts, 3-4 parts and 4-5 parts.
The polyglutamic acid crude extract comprises gamma-polyglutamic acid or gamma-polyglutamate. The content of gamma-polyglutamic acid and/or gamma-polyglutamate in the polyglutamic acid crude extract is more than 30%. The polyglutamic acid crude extract is a commercially available product.
The parts of the polyglutamic acid crude extract are calculated according to the dry weight of the polyglutamic acid crude extract. In one embodiment, the weight parts of the polyglutamic acid crude extract are selected from any one of the following: 1-1.5 parts, 1.5-2 parts and 2.5-3 parts.
The grape seed meal is rich in a large amount of polyphenols, linoleic acid, amino acids, various vitamins, crude fat and trace elements. The prior art is mainly used for feeding herbivores.
In one embodiment, the weight parts of the grape seed meal are selected from any one of the following: 1-2 parts, 2-3 parts, 3-4 parts and 4-5 parts.
The peanut shell powder is powdery particles or powder formed by crushing peanut shells by a crusher.
In one embodiment, the peanut shell flour is in a weight fraction selected from any of: 2-3 parts, 3-4 parts, 4-5 parts, 5-6 parts and 6-7 parts.
Humic acid is a high molecular organic acid composed of aromatic and multiple functional groups thereof, and is a kind of organic substance accumulated through decomposition and transformation of microorganisms and a series of chemical processes of animal and plant remains.
In one embodiment, the humic acid is selected from any one of the following: 5-7 parts, 7-8 parts and 8-10 parts.
The fishbone powder is prepared by drying and pulverizing fishbone generated by processing marine fish. The fishbone powder has the function of supplementing calcium and protein.
In one embodiment, the fish bone powder is selected from any one of the following: 1-2 parts, 2-3 parts, 3-4 parts, 4-5 parts and 5-6 parts.
Bagasse is the material remaining after sugar cane is sugar pressed.
In one embodiment, the bagasse is in parts by weight selected from any one of: 10-11 parts, 11-12 parts, 12-13 parts, 13-14 parts and 14-15 parts.
In a preferred embodiment, the raw materials of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate comprise the following substances in parts by mass: 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of EM bacterial liquid, 2 parts of polyglutamic acid crude extract, 4 parts of grape seed meal, 5 parts of peanut shell powder, 6 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of fishbone powder and 12 parts of bagasse.
The radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is gray black, various components are uniformly mixed, the hand feeling is soft, and no agglomeration exists.
The bulk density of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture medium is 0.1-0.8 g/cm3。
In a preferred embodiment, the volume weight of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is 0.23g/cm3. Bulk weight refers to the weight per unit volume of dry matrix, i.e., matrix dry weight/matrix volume.
The total porosity of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is more than 70%. In a preferred embodiment, the total porosity of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is 70-85%. Total porosity refers to the sum of the water-holding and air-permeable pores in the matrix, expressed as a percentage of total pores by volume of the matrix, and is (1-volume weight/density) × 100%.
In a preferred embodiment, the total porosity of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is 74%.
In a preferred embodiment, the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate has the ventilation porosity of 22%.
In a preferred embodiment, the water holding porosity of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is 52%.
The gas-water ratio of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture medium is 1: 2-1: 4. The gas-water ratio is the relative ratio of gas and water contained in the matrix in a certain period of time, and is expressed by the ratio of the vent pore (the diameter is more than 0.1mm) to the water holding pore (the diameter is 0.001-0.1 mm).
In a preferred embodiment, the gas-water ratio of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is 1: 2.36.
After various organic agricultural wastes are subjected to microbial fermentation by EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria, the soilless culture substrate for radix pseudostellariae is extremely high in organic matter content and extremely rich in nutrient substances, and EM bacteria liquid is extremely easy to grow and propagate in the substrate, so that the soilless culture substrate can quickly and stably occupy the ecological status in soil, and a beneficial microbial dominant community is formed, so that the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms and the invasion of radix pseudostellariae are controlled; the water and fertilizer retention effect is good and the nutrient substances are not easy to lose when the function of polyglutamic acid is further matched; the polyglutamic acid has super-strong hydrophilicity and water retention capacity, a layer of film can be formed on the surface layer of the radix pseudostellariae root hair, the function of protecting the root hair is achieved, the optimal conveying platform for enabling nutrients and water in a matrix to be in close contact with the root hair is provided, the dissolution, storage, conveying and absorption of a fertilizer can be effectively improved, sulfate radicals, phosphate radicals, oxalate radicals and metal elements are prevented from generating a precipitation effect, the radix pseudostellariae can effectively absorb phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and trace elements, the development of the radix pseudostellariae root system is promoted, the disease resistance is enhanced, in addition, the polyglutamic acid has excellent buffering capacity for acid and alkali, and the acid-base value in the matrix can be effectively balanced.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing sawdust, cow dung, grape seed meal, peanut shell powder, humic acid, fishbone powder and bagasse to obtain a first mixture;
2) adding EM bacterial liquid into the first mixture, mixing, stacking and fermenting to obtain a second mixture after fermentation is finished;
3) and adding vermiculite and polyglutamic acid crude extract into the second mixture, and mixing to obtain the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate.
In one embodiment, the mass water content of the first mixture is adjusted to 50 to 60%.
In one embodiment, in step 2), the stack is turned when the temperature reaches 55-65 ℃ during the fermentation. Or turning over for 2-3 times during fermentation, and fermenting for 7 days to obtain a second mixture;
the reason why the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is prepared according to the process and not fermentation is carried out after all materials are mixed at one time is that the EM bacterial liquid can accelerate the fermentation process, so that various organic materials are fully decomposed, and the molecular structure of polyglutamic acid can be damaged at high temperature in the fermentation process to denature the polyglutamic acid.
The invention also provides application of the soilless culture substrate for the radix pseudostellariae in the cultivation of the radix pseudostellariae.
The invention also provides a method for the soilless culture of the radix pseudostellariae, which comprises the following steps: and placing the radix pseudostellariae in the soilless culture substrate for planting.
In one embodiment, the radix pseudostellariae is selected from the group consisting of a ginseng, a shoot, or a seed.
In one embodiment, the radix pseudostellariae is ginseng and the planting method is slant planting. The oblique planting is to obliquely place the breeding seeds on one side of the ditch, the positions of the bud heads are consistent, and the distances from the bud heads to the ground surface are the same.
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Before the present embodiments are further described, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; in the description and claims of the present application, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
When numerical ranges are given in the examples, it is understood that both endpoints of each of the numerical ranges and any value therebetween can be selected unless the invention otherwise indicated. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, any methods, devices, and materials similar or equivalent to those described in the examples may be used in the practice of the invention in addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, in keeping with the knowledge of one skilled in the art and with the description of the invention.
Example 1
The radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of chicken manure, 13 parts of vermiculite, 1 part of EM bacterial liquid, 1 part of polyglutamic acid crude extract, 4 parts of grape seed meal, 5 parts of peanut shell powder, 6 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of fishbone powder and 12 parts of bagasse. The material sources are as follows:
sawdust (Qing county Reul Wood processing Co., Ltd.)
Chicken manure, cow manure (Shijiazhuang Shutian biotechnology limited)
Vermiculite (Shijiazhuang Feng Ming mineral products Co., Ltd.)
EM bacterial liquid (Henan Hua Qianwu Biotech limited company)
Polyglutamic acid crude extract (Shandong Fu rui da Biotech Co., Ltd.)
Grape seed meal (Hebei colorful biotechnology limited company)
Peanut shell powder (Nanyang Hongyun Yiyuan fertilizer Co Ltd.)
Humic acid (Jinan Yunze chemical Co., Ltd.)
Fishbone powder (Lin \26384
Bagasse (Henan old agriculture industry Co., Ltd.)
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
a. uniformly mixing sawdust, cow dung, grape seed meal, peanut shell powder, humic acid, fishbone powder and bagasse to obtain a first mixture, and adjusting the water content of the first mixture to be about 55%.
b. Adding EM bacterial liquid into the first mixture, fully mixing uniformly, stacking and fermenting, turning when the temperature reaches about 60 ℃, turning for 2-3 times in the fermentation process, and obtaining a second mixture after 7 days.
c. And adding vermiculite and polyglutamic acid crude extract into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate.
Example 2
The radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of cow dung, 7 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of EM bacterial liquid, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid crude extract, 4 parts of grape seed meal, 5 parts of peanut shell powder, 6 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of fishbone powder and 12 parts of bagasse.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
a. uniformly mixing sawdust, cow dung, grape seed meal, peanut shell powder, humic acid, fishbone powder and bagasse to obtain a first mixture, and adjusting the water content of the first mixture to be about 55%.
b. Adding EM bacterial liquid into the first mixture, fully mixing uniformly, stacking and fermenting, turning when the temperature reaches about 60 ℃, turning for 2-3 times in the fermentation process, and obtaining a second mixture after 7 days.
c. And adding vermiculite and polyglutamic acid crude extract into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate.
Example 3
The radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of EM bacterial liquid, 2 parts of polyglutamic acid crude extract, 4 parts of grape seed meal, 5 parts of peanut shell powder, 6 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of fishbone powder and 12 parts of bagasse.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
a. the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first mixture from sawdust, cow dung, grape seed meal, peanut shell powder, humic acid, fishbone powder and bagasse, and adjusting the water content of the first mixture to be about 55%.
b. Adding EM bacterial liquid into the first mixture, fully mixing uniformly, stacking and fermenting, turning when the temperature reaches about 60 ℃, turning for 2-3 times in the fermentation process, and obtaining a second mixture after 7 days.
c. And adding vermiculite and polyglutamic acid crude extract into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate.
Example 4
The test is carried out in Shanghai city Fengxian test base from 10 months to 2020 months in 2019, and the test plots are plots for planting radix pseudostellariae for 3 consecutive years.
The traditional soil planting mode is ridging after soil is ploughed, wherein the ridge is 20m long, 1m wide and 20cm in ditch.
The soilless culture substrate planting mode is as follows: building a matrix groove by bricks, wherein the length, width and height of the matrix groove are respectively 20m 1m 0.3m, digging a drainage ditch with the width of 5cm at the bottom of the groove, paving 2 layers of polyethylene plastic films at the bottom of the groove, filling the groove with the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture matrix, paving 2 drip irrigation pipes on the surface of the groove, and regularly carrying out drip irrigation.
The method comprises the following steps of carrying out furrow-shaped planting on radix pseudostellariae seedlings, longitudinally ditching the surface of a prepared substrate, carrying out 12cm deep, obliquely arranging the radix pseudostellariae seeds on one side of a furrow, enabling the positions of bud heads to be consistent, enabling the plant spacing to be 5cm and the distance to the surface of the substrate to be 6cm, then ditching a new furrow according to the row spacing of 20cm, filling the excavated soilless culture substrate of the radix pseudostellariae into the furrow in which the radix pseudostellariae seeds are arranged, arranging the radix pseudostellariae seeds in the new furrow again, planting the radix pseudostellariae seeds in the new furrow in sequence, and planting 1600 radix pseudostellariae in each substrate groove.
During harvesting, 300 pseudostellaria heterophylla plants are selected in each cell to investigate the pest and disease damage rate, and the root tuber weight of each plant is measured.
The content of total saponins is determined by an ultrasonic extraction method of polysaccharide and total saponins content in radix pseudostellariae root tuber and ginseng rootlets in No. 3, No. 40 to No. 43 of volume No. 22 of volume No. 6 of 2012, month No. 22 of Fujian university of traditional Chinese medicine, and the content of polysaccharides is determined by a phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetric method of polysaccharide content determination in No. 17 to No. 18 of No. 7 of 2004 of Shandong food science and technology.
The experimental data of the yield increasing and quality improving effects of radix pseudostellariae in each experimental example are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of the main effective components, soil-borne disease rate and yield of radix Pseudostellariae
As can be seen from the above table 1, compared with the traditional soil cultivation method, the polyglutamic acid-containing radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate used in the invention has obvious yield increasing and quality improving effects.
The above examples are intended to illustrate the disclosed embodiments of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, various modifications of the invention set forth herein, as well as variations of the methods of the invention, will be apparent to persons skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. While the invention has been specifically described in connection with various specific preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood that the invention should not be unduly limited to such specific embodiments. Indeed, various modifications of the above-described embodiments which are obvious to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate is characterized in that raw materials of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate comprise the following substances in parts by mass:
2. the soilless culture substrate for pseudostellaria root according to claim 1, wherein the sawdust is undenatured sawdust.
3. The soilless culture substrate for radix pseudostellariae as claimed in claim 1, wherein the livestock and poultry manure is selected from one or more of pig manure, cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure and duck manure.
4. The soilless culture substrate for pseudostellaria root according to claim 1, wherein the EM bacterial liquid comprises one or more of bacillus, bifidobacterium, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, acetic acid bacteria, actinomycetes or photosynthetic bacteria.
5. The soilless culture substrate for radix pseudostellariae according to claim 1, wherein the effective viable count of the EM bacterial liquid is more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g.
6. The soilless culture substrate for pseudostellaria root according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising one or more of the following characteristics: 1) the bulk density is 0.1 to 0.8g/cm3(ii) a 2) The total porosity is more than 70%; 3) the gas-water ratio is 1: 2-1: 4.
7. The radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, wherein raw materials of the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate comprise the following substances in parts by mass: 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of EM bacterial liquid, 2 parts of polyglutamic acid crude extract, 4 parts of grape seed meal, 5 parts of peanut shell powder, 6 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of fishbone powder and 12 parts of bagasse.
8. The preparation method of the soilless culture substrate for the heterophylly falsestarwort root as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mixing sawdust, cow dung, grape seed meal, peanut shell powder, humic acid, fishbone powder and bagasse to obtain a first mixture;
2) adding EM bacterial liquid into the first mixture, mixing, stacking and fermenting to obtain a second mixture after fermentation is finished;
3) and adding vermiculite and polyglutamic acid crude extract into the second mixture, and mixing to obtain the radix pseudostellariae soilless culture substrate.
9. Use of the soilless culture substrate for pseudostellaria heterophylla as claimed in any one of claims 1-7 for cultivating pseudostellaria heterophylla.
10. A method for soilless culture of radix pseudostellariae is characterized by comprising the following steps: placing radix pseudostellariae in the soilless culture substrate for radix pseudostellariae as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.
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