CN113213999A - Shrimp-rice mode leaf fertilizer for rice and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a shrimp-rice mode leaf fertilizer for rice and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fertilizer is a liquid fertilizer, and each 1000 parts of the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 340 parts of liquid amino acid 330-; the chelate salts of iron, manganese, copper and zinc and water are also added. The formula designed according to the nutrient absorption rule, planting characteristics, flooding conditions and the like of the growth and development of rice can meet the requirement of the rice on the absorption of various nutrients, improve the yield of the rice and reduce the using amount of fertilizer; the fertilizer is directly applied to rice leaves, so that the pollution to crayfish breeding water can be reduced, the influence of fertilization on crayfish is reduced, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved; but also can promote the photosynthesis of the rice, improve the quality and the efficiency and improve the economic benefit.

Description

Shrimp-rice mode leaf fertilizer for rice and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water soluble fertilizers; more particularly relates to a leaf fertilizer for rice in a shrimp rice mode and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The province Hubei is the main province for breeding the crayfishes in China, and with the improvement of economic benefits of the crayfishes in recent years, the crayfishes and the rice are favored by governments and farmers due to the advantages of environmental protection and ecology. In 2018, the total output of the crayfish reaches 163.87 ten thousand tons. The crayfish is cultivated in the paddy field in the largest proportion, the yield is 118.65 ten thousand tons, the cultivation area is 1261 ten thousand mu, the crayfish respectively occupies 72.4 percent and 75.1 percent of the total yield and the total area, and the crayfish occupies four crops of the total area (3042 ten thousand mu) of comprehensive rice and fish planting and breeding in China. In 2018, the output value of the crayfish in Hubei province reaches 1001 billion yuan, and is increased by 17.51 percent compared with 2017, and the crayfish accounts for half (49.58 percent) of the total output of the whole country; the total yield is 81.24 ten thousand tons, and is increased by 28.62 percent, wherein the productivity of Jingzhou, Xinjiang, Jingmen and Huanggang accounts for 75.68 percent of the whole province; the total area is 571 ten thousand mu, which is increased by 20.97%, wherein 230 ten thousand mu in Jingzhou, 70 ten thousand mu in Jingmen, 68 ten thousand mu in Huanggang and 54 ten thousand mu in Xinjiang. The shrimp and rice fertilizer is consumed by more than 10 ten thousand tons every year, and the market potential is huge.

The fertilizer plays an irreplaceable role in the growth of rice, however, the quality safety problem of the fertilizer, the unscientific fertilization of farmers and the use of livestock and poultry manure and the like cause a large amount of pathogenic organisms carried by water, water quality deterioration, resource waste and the like, directly cause the reduction of the yield and the quality of the shrimp and rice, and particularly the existence of ammonium nitrogen, phosphate radical, nitrate radical and other ions can seriously limit the activity and the growth of lobsters. Therefore, in order to take account of the growth of crayfish, excessive fertilizer cannot be applied to the rice in the shrimp-rice co-culture system in the current fertilization mode. On the other hand, in order to reserve enough activity space for lobsters, more ditches need to be dug in a shrimp-raising rice field, the planting density of rice is smaller, the operation is very inconvenient for fertilizing the rice field, especially for top dressing in a period of vigorous rice growth, and the growth of the rice in unit area and the formation of yield are further restricted. Therefore, the development of a foliar fertilizer special for shrimp and rice is an urgent problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention can overcome the defects of the rice fertilization technology in the comprehensive shrimp and rice planting mode, and provides the shrimp and rice mode leaf fertilizer for rice and the preparation method thereof, which can effectively save labor cost, increase yield and improve economic benefit.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the leaf fertilizer for rice in a shrimp and rice mode is a liquid fertilizer, and each 1000 parts of the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 340 parts of liquid amino acid 330-; the chelate salts of iron, manganese, copper and zinc and water are also added.

Further, the liquid amino acid is animal source amino acid, and the total amino acid content is more than 30%.

Further, the chelate salt of iron, manganese, copper and zinc is specifically 2-12 parts of EDTA-iron, 2-12 parts of EDTA-manganese, 2-8 parts of EDTA-copper and 45-60 parts of EDTA-zinc.

Further, the microalgae is an extract of unicellular algae grown in an artificial room.

Further, the synergist is an ADP rooting agent.

Further, the resulting suspending agent is xanthan gum.

Further, the raw material also comprises 20 parts of chelated calcium and 10 parts of chelated magnesium.

Further, the chelated calcium is EDTA-calcium or calcium citrate, and the chelated magnesium is EDTA-magnesium or magnesium citrate.

The invention also relates to a method for preparing the rice foliar fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, sieving monopotassium phosphate, potassium chloride, silicon fertilizer, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, iron, manganese, copper and zinc chelate salt, taking undersize materials, adding a suspending agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain powder;

s2, dissolving the brown yellow potassium humate with water to prepare a brown yellow potassium humate solution, then sequentially adding liquid amino acid, urea ammonium nitrate, microalgae, alginic acid and a synergist, and uniformly mixing;

s3, gradually adding the powder in the S1 into the solution obtained in the S2, and uniformly mixing;

and (3) introducing the solution obtained in the S4 and S3 into a homogenizer to fully emulsify the suspending agent, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the rice leaf fertilizer.

Further, when the chelated calcium and the chelated magnesium are added, they are sieved at S1 and then added to prepare powder.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the formula of the invention is a special formula designed according to the nutrient absorption rule, planting characteristics, flooding conditions and the like of normal growth and development of rice, and has strong pertinence. The formula contains three major elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and contains microelements of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, boron and the like, and various elements required by the growth of rice are supplemented. The added silicon fertilizer can provide silicon element necessary for rice, improve the stress resistance and anti-disease capability of rice and improve soil.

The formula of the invention provides sufficient amino acid and rich algae extract, which can promote photosynthesis and plant resistance, the algae extract also contains substances capable of stimulating plant growth, especially the introduction of microalgae, the microalgae contains multiple groups of active substances, such as plant endogenous hormones, natural antioxidants, natural enzymolysis products, rich chlorophyll, amino acid, polysaccharide and seaweed extract which are necessary for plants, and the algae extract can promote plant growth, prevent key enzymes of photosynthesis from being oxidized, promote the absorption and utilization of trace elements in plants and improve photosynthesis efficiency, does not contain salt, does not generate salt damage, and more importantly, is beneficial to improving the stability of products.

The raw materials added in the formula of the invention are more in variety and complex in components, and in order to prepare the liquid fertilizer, the raw materials need to be dissolved and mixed uniformly as much as possible.

In the preparation process of the foliar fertilizer, attention needs to be paid to the fact that although the water solubility of the brown yellow humic acid is good, if the brown yellow humic acid is added in the later stage, the dissolution effect is not good, and the full dissolution cannot be realized, so that the brown yellow humic acid needs to be dissolved firstly, and then other raw materials are gradually added for dissolution and mixing.

The foliar fertilizer provided by the invention can meet the requirement of rice on the absorption of various nutrients, improve the yield of rice and reduce the dosage of the fertilizer; the fertilizer can be directly applied to rice leaves to reduce pollution to crayfish breeding water, so that the influence of fertilization on crayfish is reduced, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved; but also can promote the photosynthesis of the rice, improve the quality and the efficiency and improve the economic benefit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a main view photograph of the prepared foliar fertilizer of the embodiment 1 to the embodiment 3.

Fig. 2 is a top view photograph of the prepared foliar fertilizer of example 1 to example 3.

FIG. 3 is a photograph of foliar fertilizer prepared by early addition and late addition of potassium fulvate.

FIG. 4 is a photograph comparing the effect of the suspending agent without and after adding the suspending agent.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

a shrimp-rice mode leaf fertilizer for rice comprises the following components in parts by weight: 340 parts of liquid amino acid, 137 parts of ammonium nitrate urea, 74 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of potassium chloride, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 7 parts of EDTA-ferrum, 8 parts of EDTA-manganese, 8 parts of EDTA-copper, 52 parts of EDTA-zinc, 43 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of microalgae, 6 parts of alginic acid, 5 parts of brown yellow humic acid potassium, 0.3 part of synergist (ADP rooting agent), 4 parts of suspending agent xanthan gum and 271 parts of purified water.

The specific production process comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass ratio; respectively crushing the weighed monopotassium phosphate, potassium chloride, silicon fertilizer, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, EDTA-ferrum, EDTA-manganese, EDTA-copper and EDTA-zinc, and then sieving the crushed materials with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain powder A; adding the powder into a mixer, adding the weighed suspending agent, and mixing at the rotating speed of 30 revolutions per minute for 5min to be uniform; dissolving the weighed brown yellow potassium humate in water, then sequentially adding the weighed liquid amino acid, urea ammonium nitrate, microalgae, alginic acid and a synergist, uniformly stirring, then slowly adding the powder A, and stirring while adding; and finally, introducing the obtained solution into a homogenizer to fully emulsify the suspending agent, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the foliar fertilizer containing the amino acid.

The inventor needs to explain that, in the process of the early test, when the foliar fertilizer is prepared, the potassium fulvate is added in the later liquid-solid mixing process, so that the problem of incomplete dissolution exists, the potassium fulvate is firstly added, the dissolubility is good, and the foliar fertilizer prepared in the later period is not dissolved. As shown in particular in figure 3.

Example 2:

a shrimp-rice mode leaf fertilizer for rice comprises the following components in parts by weight: 330 parts of liquid amino acid, 140 parts of ammonium nitrate urea, 57 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 52 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of sodium silicate, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of EDTA-ferrum, 2 parts of EDTA-manganese, 2 parts of EDTA-copper, 56 parts of EDTA-zinc, 62 parts of boric acid, 6 parts of microalgae, 4 parts of alginic acid, 6 parts of brown yellow humic acid, 0.2 part of synergist, 6 parts of suspending agent xanthan gum and 270 parts of purified water.

The specific production process comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass ratio; respectively crushing the weighed monopotassium phosphate, potassium chloride, silicon fertilizer, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, EDTA-ferrum, EDTA-manganese, EDTA-copper and EDTA-zinc, and then sieving the crushed materials with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain powder A; adding the powder into a mixer, adding the weighed suspending agent, and mixing at the rotating speed of 30 revolutions per minute for 5min to be uniform; dissolving the weighed brown yellow potassium humate in a certain amount of water, then sequentially adding the weighed liquid amino acid, ammonium nitrate urea, microalgae, alginic acid and a synergist, uniformly stirring, then slowly adding the powder A, and stirring while adding; and finally, introducing the obtained solution into a homogenizer to fully emulsify the suspending agent, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the foliar fertilizer containing the amino acid.

Example 3:

a shrimp-rice mode leaf fertilizer for rice comprises the following components in parts by weight: 336 parts of liquid amino acid, 135 parts of ammonium nitrate urea, 59 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 49 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of silicon fertilizer, 2.8 parts of ammonium molybdate, 12 parts of EDTA-iron, 12 parts of EDTA-manganese, 7.2 parts of EDTA-copper, 45 parts of EDTA-zinc, 46 parts of boric acid, 6 parts of microalgae, 5 parts of alginic acid, 6 parts of brown yellow humic acid, 0.2 part of synergist, 5 parts of suspending agent xanthan gum and 269 parts of purified water.

The specific production process comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass ratio; respectively crushing the weighed monopotassium phosphate, potassium chloride, silicon fertilizer, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, EDTA-ferrum, EDTA-manganese, EDTA-copper and EDTA-zinc, and then sieving the crushed materials with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain powder A; adding the powder into a mixer, adding the weighed suspending agent, and mixing at a rotating speed of 40 revolutions per minute for 5min to be uniform; dissolving the weighed brown yellow potassium humate in a certain amount of water, then sequentially adding the weighed liquid amino acid, ammonium nitrate urea, microalgae, alginic acid and a synergist, uniformly stirring, then slowly adding the powder A, and stirring while adding; and finally, introducing the obtained solution into a homogenizer to fully emulsify the suspending agent, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the foliar fertilizer containing the amino acid.

Example 4:

a shrimp-rice mode leaf fertilizer for rice comprises the following components in parts by weight: 330 parts of liquid amino acid, 131 parts of ammonium nitrate urea, 54 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 45 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of silicon fertilizer, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 7 parts of EDTA-ferrum, 8 parts of EDTA-manganese, 7 parts of EDTA-copper, 45 parts of EDTA-zinc, 46 parts of boric acid, 6 parts of microalgae, 5 parts of alginic acid, 6 parts of potassium fulvate, 0.2 part of synergist, 5 parts of suspending agent xanthan gum, 20 parts of EDTA-calcium, 10 parts of EDTA-magnesium and 269 parts of purified water.

The specific production process comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass ratio; respectively crushing the weighed monopotassium phosphate, potassium chloride, silicon fertilizer, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, EDTA-ferrum, EDTA-manganese, EDTA-copper and EDTA-zinc, and then sieving the crushed materials with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain powder A; adding the powder into a mixer, adding the weighed suspending agent, and mixing at a rotating speed of 50 revolutions per minute for 5min to be uniform; dissolving the weighed brown yellow potassium humate in a certain amount of water, then sequentially adding the weighed liquid amino acid, ammonium nitrate urea, microalgae, alginic acid and a synergist, uniformly stirring, then slowly adding the powder A, and stirring while adding; and finally, introducing the obtained solution into a homogenizer to fully emulsify the suspending agent, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the foliar fertilizer containing the amino acid.

By adding certain calcium and magnesium chelate salt, the growth of the shrimps cultured in the rice field is facilitated, and the shrimp forming rate can be improved.

Comparative example 1:

the formulation does not contain microalgae components, and the rest of the formulation and preparation are the same as in example 3.

Comparative example 2:

alginic acid was not contained in the formulation, and the remaining formulation and preparation were the same as in example 3.

Comparative example 3:

the formulation does not contain potassium fulvate, and the rest of the formulation and preparation are the same as in example 3.

Comparative example 4:

the formulation does not contain a synergist, and the rest of the formulation and preparation are the same as example 3.

Comparative example 5:

the formulation does not contain a suspending agent component, and the remaining formulation and preparation are the same as in example 3. However, in the actual preparation process, more precipitates exist in the liquid fertilizer, and the raw materials cannot be well dissolved and mixed. The comparative photographs of the effect of the suspension concentrate without and with the addition of the suspending agent are shown in FIG. 4.

Preferably, the microalgae used in the above examples and comparative examples are produced by the company spain. The brown yellow humic acid potassium is produced by Xinjiang Shuanglong humic acid Co.

The fertilizer is subjected to fertilization experiment comparison, the variety of the tested rice is 'Y Liangyou No. 2', the tested fertilizer is the foliar fertilizer in the examples 1-4 and the comparative foliar fertilizer prepared in the comparative examples 1-4, the experiment method is equal-area field fertilization comparison, the experiment adopts a random block group design, and 8 treatments are arranged in a place in the North Hu of a lake: (1) in the embodiments 1-4, foliar application is carried out after foliar fertilizer is diluted by 800 times; (2) after the leaf fertilizer of the comparative examples 1-4 is diluted by 800 times, spraying the leaf surface, and weighing the yield when harvesting; (3) spraying with equal amount of clear water. (experimental comparison data table one):

watch 1

The first table shows that the foliar fertilizer provided by the invention has comprehensive nutrients, can promote the growth of rice, improve the photosynthesis efficiency of rice leaves, improve the thousand seed weight and the maturing rate of rice, and increase the yield.

In conclusion, the special leaf fertilizer containing amino acid for shrimp and rice, provided by the embodiment of the invention, has reasonable nutrient proportion, is rich in various nutrient elements and abundant amino acid, can meet the absorption capacity of rice on various elements, can promote the absorption of rice on nutrients, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reduces the using amount of a chemical fertilizer, reduces the pollution of culture water, can improve the quality of crops, and is green and environment-friendly; the preparation method of the leaf fertilizer containing the amino acid provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple technology and convenient operation, and is suitable for large-scale production.

Claims (10)

1. A rice foliar fertilizer used in a shrimp rice mode is characterized in that the fertilizer is a liquid fertilizer, and each 1000 parts of the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 340 parts of liquid amino acid 330-; the chelate salts of iron, manganese, copper and zinc and water are also added.

2. The rice foliar fertilizer of claim 1, wherein: the liquid amino acid is animal source amino acid, and the total amino acid content is more than 30%.

3. The rice foliar fertilizer of claim 1, wherein: the chelate salt of iron, manganese, copper and zinc is specifically EDTA-iron 2-12 parts, EDTA-manganese 2-12 parts, EDTA-copper 2-8 parts and EDTA-zinc 45-60 parts.

4. The rice foliar fertilizer of claim 1, wherein: the microalgae is extractive solution of unicellular algae grown in artificial room.

5. The rice foliar fertilizer of claim 1, wherein: the synergist is ADP rooting agent.

6. The rice foliar fertilizer of claim 1, wherein: the resulting suspending agent is xanthan gum.

7. The foliar fertilizer for rice as claimed in claim 1 to 6, wherein: the raw material also comprises 20 parts of chelated calcium and 10 parts of chelated magnesium.

8. The foliar fertilizer for rice as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the chelated calcium is EDTA-calcium or calcium citrate, and the chelated magnesium is EDTA-magnesium or magnesium citrate.

9. The method for preparing the rice foliar fertilizer as claimed in claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, sieving monopotassium phosphate, potassium chloride, silicon fertilizer, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, iron, manganese, copper and zinc chelate salt, taking undersize materials, adding a suspending agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain powder;

s2, dissolving the brown yellow potassium humate with water to prepare a brown yellow potassium humate solution, then sequentially adding liquid amino acid, urea ammonium nitrate, microalgae, alginic acid and a synergist, and uniformly mixing;

s3, gradually adding the powder in the S1 into the solution obtained in the S2, and uniformly mixing;

and (3) introducing the solution obtained in the S4 and S3 into a homogenizer to fully emulsify the suspending agent, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the rice leaf fertilizer.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein: when the chelated calcium and the chelated magnesium are added, the materials are sieved in S1 and then added to prepare powder.

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