CN104591831B - Special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104591831B
CN104591831B CN201510049941.9A CN201510049941A CN104591831B CN 104591831 B CN104591831 B CN 104591831B CN 201510049941 A CN201510049941 A CN 201510049941A CN 104591831 B CN104591831 B CN 104591831B
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fertilizer
foliar fertilizer
tea tree
water
mass percentage
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CN104591831A (en
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廖春文
韦雪英
韦锦坚
陈远权
杨志强
陈海生
曾志云
韦持章
唐君海
陈杏
农玉琴
陆金梅
骆妍妃
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Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree, it is made up of the component of following mass percent:Algae essence 21 28%, a great number of elements fertilizer 10 15%, middle trace element fertilizer 5 10%, rare earth element fertilizer 0.5 1%, chelating agent 20 45%, surfactant 0.8 1.2%, water supplies 100%.Trace element fertilizer and chelating agent in metal are weighed by formula rate, is separately added into water and dissolves, remixes carry out chelatropic reaction, remaining component is added and stirs and produce described foliar fertilizer.Cost of the present invention is cheap, and production and processing technology is simple, safety and environmental protection, while fertilizer efficiency is increased, can promote crop growth, strengthen resistance, improve the resistance against diseases of crop, and significantly improve the quality of crop.

Description

Special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to foliar fertilizer technical field, specifically a kind of special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Single alga fertilizer is natural organic fertilizer, and its fertilizer efficiency depends on nutritional ingredient contained in alga fertilizer, from Christian era 12 Risen in century, alga fertilizer is just widely utilized by people, particularly some coastal states in Europe and area, such as France, English Glan, Scotland and Norway etc..16th century, the South Wale in Great Britain Island and the Keswick banks of Germany are rotted Marine alga or varec plants various crops and vegetables, effect are fine.The 17th century French Government is recommended in coastal area energetically By the use of marine alga as soil and fertilizer, and the condition of collection marine alga, harvesting time and region etc. are expressly provided, had the eighties in 19th century People has carried out the control experiment using alga fertilizer for the first time, although it is immature, but still more clearly illustrate to apply marine alga The superiority of fertilizer.
Alga fertilizer is a kind of natural biological preparation, can with plant-soil ecosystem is harmonious works, the day that it contains Right compound such as Sodium Alginate is Natural soil conditioner, can promote the formation of soil granular structure, improves soil internal void Space, coordinate soil in solid, liquid, gas proportions, can recover due to soil over-burden and chemical contamination and lose natural Colloid balances, and makes that soil permeability is more preferable, and root system of plant is deeper, increase geobiont activity, increases the release of available nutrient, carries The resistance of high plant, establish optimal plant-soil ecosystem.
At present, liquid seaweed manure is most ripe in marine alga processing and utilization most perfect product.Existing several countries in the world Produced with area, the Kelpak66, the Algue of Britain, Australian Seasol, French Goemar developed such as South Africa GA14 etc..The application method of functional liquid fertilizer has 3 kinds:Foliar spray, soil application and seed immersion.Wherein foliage application is in production Conventional fertilizing method.Its feature is with strong points, dosage is few, absorption is fast, is not influenceed by soil environment, plant recovery of nutrient height And effect of increasing production is obvious, especially soil environment is bad, point excessive or arid, soil peracid or crosses alkali and causes Root Absorption to act on It is obstructed and is badly in need of nutrition with nutritional deficiency, and when plant growth later stage root activity fails, root system can be made up using foliage spray and inhaled The deficiency of fertilizer.In addition, foliage-spray can be carried out under the different growth phases of crop, different planting densities and height, it is beneficial to The extensive mechanized operation of intensive agriculture.Research has shown that foliage-spray is to apply alga fertilizer most convenient and maximally effective side Method.In addition, the algal polysaccharides in marine alga can form complex compound with metal ion, be advantageous to the absorption of plant cell.In marine alga Alginic acid can reduce the surface tension of water, form thin film in leaf surface of plant, increase contact area, make water-soluble thing Matter is relatively easy to enters plant cell through leaf surface, makes the maximally effective nutritional ingredient absorbed in fertilizer of plant.
The application of Liquid Fertilizer is increasingly intended to mixed type, multi-functional, high nutrient, environment-friendly type direction are developed.Traditional change It is single, seriously polluted to learn fertilizer efficiency, chronic administration can cause soil acidification, alkalization even hardened, with the hair of China's rural economy Exhibition and the attention to green environment, it is inevitable trend to develop and utilize new and effective Liquid Fertilizer.
Following difficult point or deficiency be present in the exploitation of tea tree alga fertilizer at present:
1. alga fertilizer is natural organic fertilizer, compared with traditional barnyard manure, the content of potassium is higher, but phosphorus, nitrogen content and micro Constituent content is relatively low, and need to supplement in right amount can just be such that various composition ratio in alga fertilizer more coordinates, so as to give full play to alga fertilizer Superiority;And the trace element such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum is required during tea growth, lack any by influence The growth of tea tree, causes quality decline.
2. the universal superelevation of chemical fertilizer amount is applied in China soil, soil hardening is caused, soil property is poor, and nutrient loss is tight contained by soil Weight.
3. the Liquid Fertilizer using marine alga as raw material is mostly targetedly, effect is single, can not fully send out the advantages of alga fertilizer Wave.
4. tea tree is using its leaf bud as commodity value, this requires tea tree to be sprouted again as early as possible after harvesting, in general Fertilizer is only capable of providing ability of the growing nutrient without promoting tea tree leaf bud propagation for it.
The reason for 5. application technique is strong, and in general user is limited to technology, the very low i.e. technology of use technology to Liquid Fertilizer Arrival rate is low, does not have the effect of fertilising not only so, can also produce harm to crop.
6. requirement of the developed country to environmental protection is very strict, using its advanced technical advantage, by international, domestic vertical Method, environmentally friendly pact, law, regulation, standard and the mark of high standard prevent the import of external agricultural product, formed " green barrier ". Agricultural products in China generally existing in terms of multinomial residual is exceeded, has a strong impact on export volume, while also endangers the health of compatriots.According to Related data investigation shows that the amount of application of chemical fertilizer occupies first place in the world in China's unit.Because excessive apply of chemical fertilizer has resulted in agriculture Exceeded, the national health of serious threat of product and nitrite in drinking water content.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are, for above-mentioned tea tree with the existing difficult point of alga fertilizer exploitation and not Foot, there is provided a kind of nutrition is comprehensive, vdiverse in function, application technique is simple and the safe and non-toxic special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree and its system Preparation Method.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem and adopted the technical scheme that:A kind of special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree, by with The component composition of lower mass percent:
Algae essence 21-28% ;
A great number of elements fertilizer 10-15% ;
Middle trace element fertilizer 5-10% ;
Rare earth element fertilizer 0.5-1% ;
Chelating agent 20-45% ;
Surfactant 0.8-1.2% ;
Water Supply 100%.
As the preferred of such scheme, the special marine alga foliar fertilizer of described tea tree, by the component group of following mass percent Into:
Algae essence 21-28%
Nitrogenous fertilizer 1.0-5.0%
Phosphate fertilizer 1.0-3.0%
Iron fertilizer 0.8-1.2%
Manganese fertilizer 0.8-1.4%
Copper fertilizer 0.4-1.0%
Zinc fertilizer 1.4-2.0%
Boron fertilizer 1.1-1.8%
Molydbenum fertilizer 0.8-1.4%
Lanthanum fertilizer 0.1-0.4%
Cerium fertilizer 0.2-0.5%
Na2EDTA 20-25% ;
Citric acid 10-16% ;
Surfactant 0.8-1.2% ;
Water Supply 100%.
In described algae essence, the organic matter contained accounts for mass percentage content >=11% of foliar fertilizer, the alginic acid contained Mass percentage content >=4.7% of foliar fertilizer is accounted for, the amino acid contained accounts for mass percentage content >=0.5% of foliar fertilizer.
Described surfactant is Tween-80.
Described a great number of elements fertilizer derives from urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate;Described middle trace element fertilizer is from seven hydrations Ferrous sulfate, Manganous sulfate monohydrate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, Zinc vitriol, boric acid and ammonium molybdate;Described rare earth element fertilizer comes Come from lanthanum nitrate and six water cerous nitrates.
The preparation method of the described special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree is also claimed in the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)By formula rate weigh green vitriol, Manganous sulfate monohydrate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, Zinc vitriol, Lanthanum nitrate and six water cerous nitrates sequentially add stirring and dissolving in water, and regulation pH value is 5-6, makes solution clear, standby;
(2)Na2EDTA is weighed by formula rate and citric acid is added to the water stirring and dissolving, it is standby;
(3)By step(1)And step(2)The solution mixing of gained, regulation pH value is 5.5-6.5, is stirred at normal temperatures 0.5-1h carries out chelatropic reaction;
(4)Boric acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, algae essence and Tween-80 are weighed by formula rate, adds chelating In reacted solution, stir, pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.5, produces the described special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree.
Compared with prior art, what the present invention possessed has the beneficial effect that:
(1)The present invention is using algae essence as major ingredient, compatibility a great number of elements and trace element and auxiliary and rare earth element, formed with Machine-inorganic-rare earth mixed function Liquid Fertilizer, while fertilizer efficiency is increased, crop growth can be promoted, strengthen resistance, carry The resistance against diseases of high crop, and significantly improve the quality of crop.
(2)The present invention can improve soil texture, strengthen the gas permeability of soil and water holding capacity, compared with common fertilizer, make It is environmentally friendly with efficient, easily absorption, meet international organic food requirement, contribute to agricultural products in China to enter international market, powder The international competitiveness of agricultural product improves to " green barrier " of China's Agricultural in broken developed country.
(3)The present invention is to person poultry harmless, convenient transportation, using simple, meets state-set standard, safely and effectively.
(4)Through testing for many years, the present invention is nutritious, and stability is good, and resistance is different and solid strong for performance, have it is efficient, The effect of quick-acting, synergy, compensate for the deficiency that China's tradition organic manure application rate is big and fertilizer efficiency is slow.
(5)Primary raw material of the present invention synthesizes for marine algae extract, and cost is cheap, and production and processing technology is simple, can enter one Step promotes the development of domestic Liquid Fertilizer industry, widens frontier of the marine organisms in modern Practical science.
Embodiment
Technical scheme and beneficial effect are described further with reference to example.
One, product examples
1. formula table:Each product is according to mass parts in table(g)100g is calculated.
Raw material Product 1 Product 2 Product 3 Product 4 Product 5 Product 6
Green vitriol 1.0 0.8 1.2 0.5 1.5 0.9
Manganous sulfate monohydrate 1.1 0.9 1.5 0.6 1.8 1.0
Cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.4 1.4 0.6
Zinc vitriol 1.7 1.5 2.0 1.2 2.3 1.5
Lanthanum nitrate 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.08 0.5 0.2
Six water cerous nitrates 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.12 0.6 0.3
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 21.1 19.8 23.2 17.3 25.7 19.8
Citric acid 12.7 10.2 14.2 9.0 16.2 11.2
Boric acid 1.5 1.1 1.8 0.9 2.0 1.3
Ammonium molybdate 1.1 0.8 1.4 0.6 1.8 0.9
Urea 3.0 1.0 5.0 2.0 4.0 2.5
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.0 1.0 3.0 1.6 2.0 1.8
Tween-80 1.0 0.8 1.2 0.6 1.8 1.0
Algae essence 25.4 27.3 21.6 30.5 15.4 20.0
Water Supply 100g Supply 100g Supply 100g Supply 100g Supply 100g Supply 100g
2. preparation method:
(1)Each product is weighed into green vitriol, Manganous sulfate monohydrate, five water sulphur by the formula rate in formula table Sour copper, Zinc vitriol, lanthanum nitrate and six water cerous nitrates sequentially add stirring and dissolving in water, and regulation pH value is 5.5, makes solution Clear, it is standby;
(2)Na2EDTA is weighed by the formula rate in formula table and citric acid is added to the water stirring and dissolving, It is standby;
(3)By step(1)And step(2)The solution mixing of gained, regulation pH value are 6.0, stir 1h at normal temperatures and carry out Chelatropic reaction;
(4)Boric acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, algae essence and Tween-80 are weighed by formula rate, adds chelating In reacted solution, stir, pH value is adjusted to 6.0, produces six kinds of marine alga foliar fertilizers.
Two, crop fields application examples
1 test period and place
1.1 test period:In July, 2014 in September, -2014
1.2 test site:The team of South Asia institute tea plantation 1.
1.3 for examination soil:Level land, yellow earth, fertility level are medium.
2 materials and methods
2.1 test material:Tea tree breed is golden tawny daylily.It is colonized within 1999, about 80 centimeters of the height of tree, 150 centimeters of tree, coverage 90%.Tea tree carries out unified straight snips processing before spraying fertilizer.Foliar fertilizer is the special marine alga leaf of six kinds of tea trees obtained by product example Leaven.
2.2 experimental design
Test process sets as shown in table 1.Each processing sets 4 repetitions.RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, altogether 40 cells.It is small 0.01 mu of area's area.Each cell is arranged by random district's groups.
The different foliar fertilizer dosage design tables of table 1
Processing ml/667㎡ Extension rate
Clear water compares 0 0
Product 1 150 600
Product 1 150 800
Product 1 150 1000
Product 1 150 1200
Product 2 150 600
Product 3 150 600
Product 4 150 600
Product 5 150 600
Product 6 150 600
The time and method that 2.3 foliar fertilizers are applied:Spray on July 9th, 2014 for the first time, spray within 13rd second, 20 days Spray last time.Spray every time and start to spray after being well mixed with clear water in the ratio of setting, spraying time section selects to work as During its dusk 17.Spray result and require that each blade can uniformly drench.Each processing and other management are consistent.
3. analysis method
This result of the test carries out data statistic analysis using DPS7.05 software LSD methods.
4. test results and analysis
Influence of the 4.1 various concentrations foliar fertilizers to tea yield
Tealeaves harvests in three times, and collecting time is respectively August in 2014 5, August in 2014 25 days, September 20 in 2014 Day.As a result record is as shown in table 2.
Influence of the different foliar fertilizer concentration dosages of table 2 to fresh tea leaf yield
Processing For the first time(㎏/area) Second(㎏/area) For the third time(㎏/area) It is total(㎏/area) Per mu yield(㎏) Mu volume increase(㎏) Increase production single width(%)
Clear water compares 2.31 1.78 1.34 5.43 543 0 0
Product 1(600 times) 3.02 2.04 1.47 6.53 653 110 20.25
Product 1(800 times) 2.89 2.0 1.49 6.31 631 98 18.05
Product 1(1000 times) 2.84 1.96 1.33 6.13 613 80 14.73
Product 1(1200 times) 2.67 1.87 1.38 5.82 582 39 7.18
Product 2(600 times) 2.86 1.99 1.40 6.25 625 82 15.10
Product 3(600 times) 2.79 1.95 1.30 6.04 604 61 11.25
Product 4(600 times) 2.68 1.87 1.33 5.88 588 45 8.29
Product 5(600 times) 2.51 1.82 1.32 5.65 535 -8 -1.47
Product 6(600 times) 2.7 1.91 1.34 5.95 595 52 9.58
5. conclusion (of pressure testing)
5.1 products 1 dilute 600 times of fresh tea leaf yield highests, up to 653 ㎏/mu, than not applying foliar fertilizer processing yield increase 20.25%;In addition, products applied 1 is 800 times, 1000 times and 1200 times in extension rate can increase fresh tea leaf yield, increase It is respectively 7.18%, 14.73% and 18.05% to produce single width, it is seen then that 600 times~800 times input ratio highests of dilution, has and significantly increases income Yield increase effect, therefore, for the tea tree that grows up, it is proposed that using 600 times~800 times of amount of dilution.
5.2 in same amount(150ml/ mus)With identical extension rate(600 times)Under, each product is to tealeaves rate of growth: Product 1(653 ㎏/mu)﹥ products 2(625 ㎏/mu)﹥ products 3(604 ㎏/mu)﹥ products 6(595 ㎏/mu)﹥ products 4(588㎏/ Mu)﹥ clear water compares(543 ㎏/mu)﹥ products 5(535 ㎏/mu).It can be seen that in the range of the product formula that the present invention is protected Foliar fertilizer can increase fresh tea leaf yield, and volume increase single width is 11.25%~20.25%, and volume increase is obvious;Though and in product 4 and product 6 Also fresh tea leaf yield can be increased, but volume increase single width is relatively low, respectively 8.29% and 9.58%, increase production unobvious.
Products applied 5(600 times)Tea yield it is minimum, be 535 ㎏/mu, than clear water compare(543 ㎏/mu)It is also low. Inventor is as follows to the analysis of causes:Influence of the proportioning of each component for foliage fertilizer composition in itself is more complicated, generally, technology Personnel always consider what the effect after each group subassembly of foliar fertilizer was always added, but tests prove that actually this is not so.Foliar fertilizer In each element between also likely to be present antagonism, a kind of amount of element is excessive, can cause the nutritional deficiency of another element Disease, such as high nitrogen and high phosphorus nutrition can increase the chance and degree of the generation of zinc-deficiency disease, and manganese can excessively cause iron deficiency, lack plant performance It is green etc..Present invention proportion claimed is that inventor obtains through arduous R & D design for many years and repetition test, Synergy is preferable between each element within the range, and this is also the innovation place of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree, it is characterised in that be made up of the component of following mass ratio:
The g of green vitriol 1.0;
The g of Manganous sulfate monohydrate 1.1;
The g of cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.7;
The g of Zinc vitriol 1.7;
The g of lanthanum nitrate 0.3;
The g of six water cerous nitrate 0.4;
The g of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 21.1;
The g of citric acid 12.7;
The g of boric acid 1.5;
The g of ammonium molybdate 1.1;
The g of urea 3.0;
The g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.0;
The g of Tween-80 1.0;
The g of algae essence 25.4;
Water supplies 100g;
In described algae essence, the organic matter contained accounts for mass percentage content >=11% of foliar fertilizer, and the alginic acid contained accounts for leaf Mass percentage content >=4.7% of leaven, the amino acid contained account for mass percentage content >=0.5% of foliar fertilizer.
2. a kind of special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree, it is characterised in that be made up of the component of following mass ratio:
The g of green vitriol 0.8;
The g of Manganous sulfate monohydrate 0.9;
The g of cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.5;
The g of Zinc vitriol 1.5;
The g of lanthanum nitrate 0.1;
The g of six water cerous nitrate 0.2;
The g of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 19.8;
The g of citric acid 10.2;
The g of boric acid 1.1;
The g of ammonium molybdate 0.8;
The g of urea 1.0;
The g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.0;
The g of Tween-80 0.8;
The g of algae essence 27.3;
Water supplies 100g;
In described algae essence, the organic matter contained accounts for mass percentage content >=11% of foliar fertilizer, and the alginic acid contained accounts for leaf Mass percentage content >=4.7% of leaven, the amino acid contained account for mass percentage content >=0.5% of foliar fertilizer.
3. a kind of special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree, it is characterised in that be made up of the component of following mass ratio:
The g of green vitriol 1.2;
The g of Manganous sulfate monohydrate 1.5;
The g of cupric sulfate pentahydrate 1.0;
The g of Zinc vitriol 2.0;
The g of lanthanum nitrate 0.4;
The g of six water cerous nitrate 0.5;
The g of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 23.2;
The g of citric acid 14.2;
The g of boric acid 1.8;
The g of ammonium molybdate 1.4;
The g of urea 5.0;
The g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3.0;
The g of Tween-80 1.2;
The g of algae essence 21.6;
Water supplies 100g;
In described algae essence, the organic matter contained accounts for mass percentage content >=11% of foliar fertilizer, and the alginic acid contained accounts for leaf Mass percentage content >=4.7% of leaven, the amino acid contained account for mass percentage content >=0.5% of foliar fertilizer.
4. the preparation method of the special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterised in that including with Lower step:
(1)Green vitriol, Manganous sulfate monohydrate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, Zinc vitriol, nitric acid are weighed by formula rate Lanthanum and six water cerous nitrates sequentially add stirring and dissolving in water, and regulation pH value is 5-6, makes solution clear, standby;
(2)Na2EDTA is weighed by formula rate and citric acid is added to the water stirring and dissolving, it is standby;
(3)By step(1)And step(2)The solution mixing of gained, regulation pH value is 5.5-6.5, stirs 0.5-1h at normal temperatures Carry out chelatropic reaction;
(4)Boric acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, algae essence and Tween-80 are weighed by formula rate, adds chelatropic reaction In solution afterwards, stir, pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.5, produces the described special marine alga foliar fertilizer of tea tree.
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Application publication date: 20150506

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