CN104591831A - Special seaweed foliar fertilizer for tea trees and preparation method of seaweed foliar fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a special seaweed foliar fertilizer for tea trees. The special seaweed foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following ingredients in percentage by mass: 21-28% of seaweed extract, 10-15% of major element fertilizers, 5-10% of medium/trace element fertilizers, 0.5-1% of rare-earth element fertilizers, 20-45% of a chelating agent, 0.8-1.2% of a surfactant and the balance of water. The foliar fertilizer is prepared through weighing the metallic medium/trace element fertilizers and the chelating agent according to a formula ratio, respectively adding the metallic medium/trace element fertilizers and the chelating agent into water for dissolving, mixing, carrying out chelating reaction, adding the other ingredients, and uniformly stirring. The foliar fertilizer is low in cost and simple in production processing process and is safe and environmentally friendly; while the fertilizer effect is improved, the growth and development of crops can be promoted, the resistance is enhanced, the disease resistance of the crops is improved, and the quality of the crops is greatly improved.

Description

Special marine alga foliage fertilizer of tea tree and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to foliage fertilizer technical field, specifically special marine alga foliage fertilizer of a kind of tea tree and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Single seaweed fertilizer is natural organic fertilizer, its fertilizer efficiency depends on nutritive ingredient contained in seaweed fertilizer, and from 12nd century of Christian era, seaweed fertilizer is just utilized widely by people, particularly in some maritime nations and the area in Europe, as France, England, Scotland and Norway etc.In 16th century, the marine alga of rotting or the varec on the South Wale in Great Britain Island and the Keswick bank of Germany plant various farm crop and vegetables, and effect is fine.The 17th century, French Government was recommended in coastland with marine alga energetically as soil and fertilizer, and expressly provide condition, harvesting time and the region etc. of collection marine alga, people is had the eighties in 19th century first time to carry out the control experiment of using seaweed fertilizer, although immature, but still the superiority of seaweed fertilizer is used in more clearly describing.

Seaweed fertilizer is a kind of natural biological preparation, can with the working of plant-soil ecosystem harmony, natural compounds such as the Sodium Alginate that it contains is Natural soil conditioner, the formation of soil aggregate can be promoted, improve soil internal void space, coordinate in soil solid, liquid, gas proportions, can recover due to soil over-burden and chemical pollution and lose lac balance, make soil permeability better, root system of plant is darker, increase soil organisms movable, increase the release of available nutrient, improve the resistance of plant, set up best plant-soil ecosystem.

At present, liquid seaweed manure is the most ripe in marine alga processing and utilization, the most perfect product.Existing several countries and regions produce in the world, as the Kelpak66 of South Africa development, the Algue of Britain, and the Seasol of Australia, the Goemar GA14 etc. of France.The using method of functional liquid fertilizer has 3 kinds: foliar spray, soil application and seed soak.Wherein foliage application produces upper conventional fertilizing method.Its feature be with strong points, consumption is few, absorption affects by edatope soon, or not plant recovery of nutrient is high and effect of increasing production is obvious, especially bad in edatope, point too much or arid, soil peracid or cross alkali and cause Root Absorption effect to be obstructed and nutritional deficiency is badly in need of nutrition, and when the improving activity of root system decline of plant growth later stage, adopt foliage spray can make up root system and inhale fertile deficiency.In addition, foliage-spray can carry out under the Different growth phases of crop, different planting density and height, is beneficial to the massive mechanicalization operation of intensive farming.Show after deliberation, foliage-spray uses seaweed fertilizer most convenient and most effective means.In addition, the Sargassum polysaccharides in marine alga can form complex compound with metal ion, is conducive to the absorption of vegetable cell.Alginic acid in marine alga can reduce the surface tension of water, forms thin film at leaf surface of plant, increases contact area, makes water-soluble substances be relatively easy to enter vegetable cell through leaf surface, makes plant the most effectively absorb nutritive ingredient in fertilizer.

The application of Liquid Fertilizer more and more trends towards mixed type, multi-functional, high nutrient, environment-friendly type future development.Traditional chemical fertilizer efficiency is single, seriously polluted, and long-term application can cause soil acidification, alkalization is even hardened, and the development along with China's rural economy and the attention to green environment, the new and effective Liquid Fertilizer of development and utilization is inevitable trend.

There is following difficult point or deficiency in the exploitation of current tea tree seaweed fertilizer:

1. seaweed fertilizer is natural organic fertilizer, and compared with traditional barnyard manure, the content of potassium is higher, but phosphorus, nitrogen content and micronutrient levels are lower, needs appropriate supplementing that various component proportions in seaweed fertilizer just can be made more to coordinate, thus gives full play to the superiority of seaweed fertilizer; And the trace elements such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum are required in tea growth process, lacking any one will affect the growth of tea tree, cause quality to decline.

2. the general superelevation of chemical fertilizer amount is used in China soil, and cause soil compaction, soil property is poor, and contained by soil, nutrient loss is serious.

3. be the Liquid Fertilizer of raw material with marine alga be mostly targetedly, act on single, the advantage of seaweed fertilizer can not give full play to.

4. tea tree is with its leaf bud for commodity value, and this just requires that tea tree can again be sprouted as early as possible after gathering, and general fertilizer only can for it provides growing nutrient and do not promote the ability of leaf of tea tree Shoot propagation.

5. application technique is strong, and general user is limited to the reason of technology, and very low to the operation technique of Liquid Fertilizer is that technology arrival rate is low, does not so not only have the effect of fertilising, also can produce harm to crop.

6. developed country is very strict to the requirement of environmental protection, utilizes the technical superiority of its advanced person, and by international, internal legislation, high-level environmental protection pact, law, regulation, standard and mark stop the import of external agricultural-food, is formed " green barrier ".Agricultural products in China multinomial residual in ubiquity exceed standard, have a strong impact on export volume, also endanger the health of compatriots simultaneously.According to related data investigation display, in unit of China, the amount of application of chemical fertilizer occupies first place in the world.Use due to chemical fertilizer excessive and cause exceeding standard of agricultural-food and nitrite in drinking water content, the health of serious threat its people.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for above-mentioned the tea tree difficult point existing for seaweed fertilizer exploitation and deficiency, provides a kind of comprehensive nutrition, diverse in function, application technique simple and special marine alga foliage fertilizer of the tea tree of safety non-toxic and preparation method thereof.

The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above taked technical scheme: the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of a kind of tea tree, is made up of the component of following mass percent:

Preferred as such scheme, the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of described tea tree, is made up of the component of following mass percent:

In described algae essence, the organism contained accounts for mass percentage content >=11% of foliage fertilizer, and the Lalgine contained accounts for mass percentage content >=4.7% of foliage fertilizer, and the amino acid contained accounts for mass percentage content >=0.5% of foliage fertilizer.

Described tensio-active agent is tween-80.

Described macroelement fertilizer derives from urea and potassium primary phosphate; Described medium trace element fertilizer derives from ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid and ammonium molybdate; Described rare earth element fertilizer derives from lanthanum nitrate and cerous nitrate.

The preparation method of the present invention's also claimed described special marine alga foliage fertilizer of tea tree, comprises the following steps:

(1) weigh ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, lanthanum nitrate and cerous nitrate by formula rate and be added to the water stirring and dissolving successively, adjust ph is 5-6, makes solution clear, for subsequent use;

(2) Na2EDTA is weighed by formula rate and citric acid is added to the water stirring and dissolving, for subsequent use;

(3) mixed by the solution of step (1) and step (2) gained, adjust ph is 5.5-6.5, stirs 0.5-1h at normal temperatures and carries out chelatropic reaction;

(4) weigh boric acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, potassium primary phosphate, algae essence and tween-80 by formula rate, add in the solution after chelatropic reaction, stir, pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.5, obtains the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of described tea tree.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that possesses of the present invention is as follows:

(1) the present invention take algae essence as major ingredient, compatibility macroelement and trace element and auxiliary and rare earth element, form organic and inorganic-rare earth mixing functions Liquid Fertilizer, while increase fertilizer efficiency, crop growth can be promoted, strengthen resistance, improve the resistance against diseases of crop, and greatly improve the quality of crop.

(2) the present invention can improve Soil structure, strengthen the gas permeability of soil and water retention capacity, compared with common fertilizer, effect is efficient, easily absorbs, environmentally friendly, meet international Organic food requirement, contribute to agricultural products in China and enter world market, pulverize developed country to " green barrier " of China's Agricultural, improve the international competitiveness of agricultural-food.

(3) the present invention is to person poultry harmless, convenient transportation, uses simple, meets state-set standard, safe and effective.

(4) through testing for many years, the present invention is nutritious, good stability, and resistance is different and solid strong for performance, and the effect that is efficient, quick-acting, synergy had compensate for the deficiency that China's tradition organic manure application rate is large and fertilizer efficiency is slow.

(5) main raw material of the present invention is Seaweed Extract synthesis, and with low cost, production and processing technology is simple, can promote the development of domestic Liquid Fertilizer industry further, widen the frontier of marine organisms at modern Practical science.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with example, technical scheme of the present invention and beneficial effect are described further.

One. product example

1. formula table:

2. preparation method:

(1) each product is weighed ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, lanthanum nitrate and cerous nitrate by the formula rate in formula table and be added to the water stirring and dissolving successively, adjust ph is 5.5, makes solution clear, for subsequent use;

(2) Na2EDTA is weighed by the formula rate in formula table and citric acid is added to the water stirring and dissolving, for subsequent use;

(3) mixed by the solution of step (1) and step (2) gained, adjust ph is 6.0, stirs 1h at normal temperatures and carries out chelatropic reaction;

(4) weigh boric acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, potassium primary phosphate, algae essence and tween-80 by formula rate, add in the solution after chelatropic reaction, stir, pH value is adjusted to 6.0, obtains six kinds of marine alga foliage fertilizers.

Two. land for growing field crops application example

1 test period and place

1.1 test periods: in September ,-2014 in July, 2014

1.2 test sites: tea plantation 1 team of South Asia institute.

1.3 for examination soil: level land, yellow earth, fertility level is medium.

2 materials and methods

2.1 test materialss: tea tree breed is golden tawny daylily.Field planting in 1999, the height of tree about 80 centimeters, tree 150 centimeters, coverage 90%.Tea tree carries out unified straight snips process before spraying fertilizer.Foliage fertilizer is the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of six kinds of tea trees of product example gained.

2.2 test design

Test process arranges as shown in table 1.4 repetitions are established in each process.Randomized block design, amounts to 40 communities.Plot area 0.01 mu.Each community is by the arrangement of random district group.

Table 1 different foliage fertilizer consumption design table

Process	ml/667㎡	Extension rate
			Clear water contrasts	0	0
Product 1	150	600
			Product 1	150	800
Product 1	150	1000
			Product 1	150	1200
Product 2	150	600
			Product 3	150	600

Product 4	150	600
			Product 5	150	600
Product 6	150	600

The time that 2.3 foliage fertilizers are used and method: spray first time on July 9th, 2014, spray second time on the 13rd, within 20th, sprays last.Spray at every turn in setting ratio mix with clear water after start to spray, spray the time period all select the same day dusk 17 time.Spray result and require that each blade can evenly drench.Each process and other management are all consistent.

3. analytical procedure

This test-results adopts DPS7.05 software LSD method to carry out data statistic analysis.

4. test results and analysis

4.1 different concns foliage fertilizers are on the impact of tea yield

Tealeaves divides gathers for three times, and collecting time is respectively on August 5th, 2014, on August 25th, 2014, on September 20th, 2014.Outcome record is as shown in table 2.

Table 2 different foliage fertilizer concentration consumption is on the impact of fresh tea leaf output

5. conclusion (of pressure testing)

It is the highest that 5.1 products 1 dilute 600 times of fresh tea leaf output, reaches 653 ㎏/mu, increases by 20.25% than not executing foliage fertilizer process output; In addition, products applied 1 is 800 times, 1000 times and 1200 times at extension rate all can increase fresh tea leaf output, volume increase single width is respectively 7.18%, 14.73% and 18.05%, visible, dilute 600 times ~ 800 times input ratios the highest, have and increase income yield increase effect significantly, therefore, for adult tea tree, the amount of dilution of suggestion employing 600 times ~ 800 times.

5.2 in same amount (150ml/ mu) with under identical extension rate (600 times), each product to tealeaves stimulation ratio is: product 1 (653 ㎏/mu) ﹥ product 2 (625 ㎏/mu) ﹥ product 3 (604 ㎏/mu) ﹥ product 6 (595 ㎏/mu) ﹥ product 4 (588 ㎏/mu) ﹥ clear water contrast (543 ㎏/mu) ﹥ product 5 (535 ㎏/mu).Visible, the foliage fertilizer within the scope of the formula for a product that the present invention protects can increase fresh tea leaf output, and volume increase single width is 11.25% ~ 20.25%, and volume increase obviously; Though and also can increase fresh tea leaf output at product 4 and product 6, volume increase single width on the low side, be respectively 8.29% and 9.58%, increase production not obvious.

The tea yield of products applied 5 (600 times) is minimum, is 535 ㎏/mu, also lower than clear water contrast (543 ㎏/mu).Contriver is as follows on the analysis of causes: the proportioning of each component affects more complicated for foliage fertilizer composition itself, usually, technician always think foliage fertilizer each combination of components after effect be always added, but prove that actually this is not so through test.Also antagonistic action may be there is between each element in foliage fertilizer, a kind of amount of element is excessive, can cause the nutritional deficiency disease of another kind of element, as high nitrogen and high phosphorus nutrition can increase chance and the degree of zinc deficiency generation, manganese too much can cause iron deficiency, makes plant show minus green etc.The present invention's proportional range required for protection is that contriver obtains through arduous R & D design for many years and repetition test, and within the scope of this, between each element, synergy is better, and this is also innovation place of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of tea tree, is characterized in that, be made up of the component of following mass percent:

2. the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of tea tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, be made up of the component of following mass percent:

3. the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of tea tree according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described algae essence, the organism contained accounts for mass percentage content >=11% of foliage fertilizer, the Lalgine contained accounts for mass percentage content >=4.7% of foliage fertilizer, and the amino acid contained accounts for mass percentage content >=0.5% of foliage fertilizer.

4. the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of tea tree according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described tensio-active agent is tween-80.

5. the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of tea tree according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described macroelement fertilizer derives from urea and potassium primary phosphate; Described medium trace element fertilizer derives from magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid and ammonium molybdate; Described rare earth element fertilizer derives from lanthanum nitrate and cerous nitrate.

6. the preparation method of the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of tea tree according to claim 5, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) weigh ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, lanthanum nitrate and cerous nitrate by formula rate and be added to the water stirring and dissolving successively, adjust ph is 5-6, makes solution clear, for subsequent use;

(2) Na2EDTA is weighed by formula rate and citric acid is added to the water stirring and dissolving, for subsequent use;

(3) mixed by the solution of step (1) and step (2) gained, adjust ph is 5.5-6.5, stirs 0.5-1h at normal temperatures and carries out chelatropic reaction;

(4) weigh boric acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, potassium primary phosphate, algae essence and tween-80 by formula rate, add in the solution after chelatropic reaction, stir, pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.5, obtains the special marine alga foliage fertilizer of described tea tree.